Flow-adjustable electromagnetic valve applied to passenger car engine lubricating and cooling system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flow-adjustable electromagnetic valve applied to a passenger car engine lubricating and cooling system, which comprises an electromagnetic component arranged in a cavity, and the electromagnetic component is electrified to generate a magnetic field; the adjusting assembly is arranged in the cavity and comprises a plunger interacting with the magnetic field, the distance between the radial side face of the plunger and the electromagnetic assembly is constant, and magnetic flux of the magnetic field penetrates through the radial side face of the plunger from the electromagnetic assembly to apply electromagnetic force to the plunger. By arranging the magnetic conductive conical surface, the side surface distance between the radial inner side surface of the magnetic conductive conical surface and the radial outer side surface of the plunger is kept constant, so that the magnetic flux entering the plunger through the front yoke is directly proportional to the current of the coil, and the magnetic flux flowing through the plunger can be linearly changed when the current is linearly changed; and the electromagnetic force applied to the plunger is linearly changed, so that the moving distance of the plunger is in direct proportion to the current, the low-hysteresis effect of the flow-adjustable electromagnetic valve is achieved, and linear adjustment of the flow is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of passenger car engines, in particular to an adjustable flow solenoid valve applied to a lubrication and cooling system of a passenger car engine. Background Art

[0002] The lubrication and cooling system of a passenger car engine controls the flow of lubricating oil through a solenoid valve, wherein the solenoid valve mainly includes an electromagnetic coil group, a movable plunger, a return spring, a valve body, and a valve core. The electromagnetic coil group includes a magnetizer, which includes a rear yoke and a front yoke arranged at both ends of the plunger. The magnetizer has high magnetic permeability and can concentrate and enhance the magnetic field. When the coil is energized, a magnetic field is generated. When the magnetizer is placed in the magnetic field, the magnetic field lines will pass through the magnetizer more easily, thereby enhancing the effect of the magnetic field, and then enhancing the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil group on the iron core, so that it can better control the iron core and then control the valve core, and then control the opening and closing state of the solenoid valve.

[0003] The inventors of this application discovered when implementing existing solenoid valve embodiments that: when the iron core pushes the valve core to open the flow channel during the outward stroke and then returns, it experiences high hysteresis, making it impossible to timely control the valve core to close the flow channel, and thus unable to accurately control the flow of lubricating oil. The reasons for the high hysteresis phenomenon during the return stroke of the iron core are as follows: the outward stroke of the iron core pushes the plunger close to the front yoke iron, and then pushes the valve core to open the flow channel to allow the lubricating oil to flow, which reduces the distance between the relative end faces of the plunger and the front yoke iron, and thus more magnetic flux generated by the coil passes through the plunger, and thus the electromagnetic force applied by the coil to the plunger toward the valve core increases. When the plunger contacts the relative end faces of the front yoke iron, the magnetic flux passing through the plunger is the largest, and thus the electromagnetic force applied to the plunger at this time is the largest. When the current of the coil decreases, the magnetic flux generated by the coil decreases, but the amount of magnetic flux passing through the plunger increases. The magnetic flux is hardly reduced due to the reinforcement of the front yoke, which makes it difficult for the return spring to be greater than the electromagnetic force, and thus makes it difficult for the iron core to return, until the current drops significantly, and the magnetic flux passing through the plunger drops significantly, making the return spring greater than the electromagnetic force, causing the magnetic resistance between the plunger and the front yoke to increase rapidly, and then causing the magnetic flux to drop rapidly, which in turn causes the plunger to return too quickly, causing the valve core to return quickly to close the flow channel, resulting in high hysteresis, making it impossible for the existing solenoid valve to linearly and accurately adjust the output flow of the lubricating oil according to the working conditions of the engine. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve the problem of high hysteresis of the solenoid valve in the existing engine lubrication and cooling system and provide an adjustable flow solenoid valve for the lubrication and cooling system of passenger car engines. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] An adjustable flow solenoid valve for use in a passenger vehicle engine lubrication and cooling system includes a mounting assembly, the interior of which forms a cavity, and further includes: an electromagnetic assembly disposed within the cavity, which generates a magnetic field when energized; and an adjustment assembly disposed within the cavity, the adjustment assembly including a plunger that interacts with the magnetic field, the radial side of the plunger being at a constant distance from the electromagnetic assembly, and the magnetic flux of the magnetic field passing through the radial side of the plunger from the electromagnetic assembly to exert an electromagnetic force on the plunger.

[0006] Furthermore, the plunger moves along its own axis under the action of electromagnetic force.

[0007] Preferably, the electromagnetic assembly comprises: a coil coaxial with the plunger, the plunger being disposed inside the coil;

[0008] A back yoke and a front yoke are arranged on the axial end faces of the coil, the magnetic flux passes through the back yoke and the front yoke, and the direction of the back yoke pointing to the front yoke is the direction of the electromagnetic force; and a magnetic conical surface is arranged on the axial end face of the front yoke relative to the plunger, and the radial inner side face of the magnetic conical surface is at a constant distance from the radial side face of the plunger.

[0009] Preferably, the radial outer side surface of the magnetic cone surface is a conical surface with a taper of 15°-25°, and the minimum distance between the opposite end faces of the plunger and the front yoke is at least four times the side distance between the radial inner side surface of the magnetic cone surface and the radial side surface of the plunger.

[0010] Preferably, the regulating assembly further comprises: a pin arranged at an end of the plunger close to the electromagnetic assembly, the pin being coaxial with the plunger, and the plunger being capable of pushing the pin to axially penetrate the electromagnetic assembly; a valve body arranged at an end of the pin away from the plunger, the valve body being coaxial with the plunger, a cavity for accommodating a valve core being formed inside the valve body, and the pin being capable of pushing the valve core to move axially within the cavity of the valve body; a valve sleeve arranged at an end of the valve core away from the pin, and the flow rate and flow direction of the fluid flowing through the valve body being adjustable through the valve sleeve when the valve core moves axially; and a spring member arranged at an end of the valve sleeve away from the valve core, and the spring member being capable of providing the valve core with an adjustable pressure toward the plunger when compressed.

[0011] Preferably, the mounting assembly includes: a shell with a cavity formed inside, the electromagnetic assembly and the adjustment assembly are both arranged inside the shell; and a magnetic shield arranged between the electromagnetic assembly and the plunger, one end of the magnetic shield is an open end, and a protrusion is formed on the side of the magnetic shield opposite to the plunger for supporting the plunger, and the magnetic shield is coaxial with the plunger.

[0012] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] The utility model sets a magnetic conductive cone surface so that the side distance between the radial inner side and the radial outer side of the plunger is kept constant, so that the magnetic flux entering the plunger through the front yoke iron is directly proportional to the current of the coil, and then when the current changes linearly, the magnetic flux flowing through the plunger can change linearly, and then the electromagnetic force exerted on the plunger changes linearly, and then the moving distance of the plunger is directly proportional to the current, thereby achieving a low hysteresis effect of the adjustable flow solenoid valve and realizing linear regulation of the flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1. Mounting assembly; 2. Electromagnetic assembly; 3. Adjustment assembly; 11. Housing; 12. Magnetic shield; 21. Coil; 22. Rear yoke; 23. Front yoke; 24. Magnetic cone; 31. Plunger; 32. Ejector pin; 33. Valve body; 34. Valve core; 35. Valve sleeve; 36. Spring component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the product of the present invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention includes an installation component 1, the interior of which forms a cavity, and the installation component 1 includes: a shell 11 with a cavity formed therein, the electromagnetic component 2 and the adjustment component 3 are both arranged inside the shell 11; and a magnetic isolation cover 12 arranged between the electromagnetic component 2 and the plunger 31, one end of the magnetic isolation cover 12 is an open end.

[0020] Specifically, the shell 11 is made of metal to provide good support and fixing functions for the electromagnetic component 2 and the adjustment component 3. One end of the shell 11 is an open end for the movement of the internal moving parts, and a cavity is formed inside it. The inside of the cavity is fixed with a magnetic shield 12 which also has an open end through a bracket, and the two open ends are oriented in the same direction and are both used for the movement of the internal moving parts. There is a gap between the radial inner side of the shell 11 and the radial outer side of the magnetic shield 12 for placing the coil 21.

[0021] This embodiment also includes: an electromagnetic component 2 arranged in the cavity, which generates a magnetic field when energized; and an adjustment component 3 arranged in the cavity, which includes a plunger 31 that interacts with the magnetic field, and the radial side of the plunger 31 is at a constant distance from the electromagnetic component 2. The magnetic flux of the magnetic field passes through the radial side of the plunger 31 from the electromagnetic component 2 to apply an electromagnetic force to the plunger 31.

[0022] Specifically, the direction of a portion of the magnetic field lines in the magnetic field coincides with the axial direction of the plunger 31, thereby imparting an electromagnetic force to the plunger 31 to move axially. The plunger 31 is coaxial with the electromagnetic assembly 2 so that its radial side faces are always parallel to the side faces of the electromagnetic assembly 2 during movement. Furthermore, by adjusting the distance between the radial side faces of the plunger 31 and the side faces of the electromagnetic assembly 2, the magnetic resistance therebetween is reduced to be smaller than the magnetic resistance between the plunger 31 and the end faces of the electromagnetic assembly 2. This changes the flow path of the magnetic flux from the electromagnetic assembly 2 to the side faces of the plunger 31. Due to the constant distance between the side faces, the magnetic flux flowing through the plunger 31 is substantially constant during movement, and the electromagnetic force it experiences is substantially constant. This allows the current to be adjusted to linearly change the magnetic flux and the electromagnetic force, resulting in a linear relationship between the travel distance of the plunger 31 and the current, thereby achieving the low hysteresis effect of this embodiment.

[0023] Secondly, a protrusion is formed on the side of the magnetic shield 12 opposite to the plunger 31 to support the plunger 31, and a gap exists on both end surfaces to store liquid leaked into the interior of the mounting assembly 1, and to prevent the plunger 31 from inertialy colliding with the magnetic shield 12 during the return stroke and causing damage, thereby improving its service life; in addition, the magnetic shield 12 and the plunger 31 are coaxial, and the distance between the sides of the two is extremely small, so that the path of the plunger 31 moving along the radial inner side of the magnetic shield 12 will not shake or deviate, thereby allowing the plunger 31 to always move along its axis.

[0024] Furthermore, the plunger 31 moves along its own axis under the action of the electromagnetic force.

[0025] Specifically, the magnetic field lines pass through the plunger 31 along the axis of the plunger 31, so that the electromagnetic force acting on the plunger 31 coincides with its axis, thereby enabling it to move along the radial inner side of the magnetic isolation cover 12 under the push of the electromagnetic force, and there will be no component force perpendicular to the axis to exert pressure on the magnetic isolation cover 12, thereby reducing the resistance of the plunger 31 during movement.

[0026] Furthermore, the electromagnetic assembly 2 includes: a coil 21 coaxial with the plunger 31, and the plunger 31 is arranged inside the coil 21; a back yoke 22 and a front yoke 23 arranged at the two axial end faces of the coil 21, the magnetic flux passes through the back yoke 22 and the front yoke 23, and the direction of the back yoke 22 pointing to the front yoke 23 is the direction of the electromagnetic force; and a magnetic conical surface 24 arranged on the axial end face of the front yoke 23 relative to the plunger 31, and the radial inner side surface of the magnetic conical surface 24 is at a constant distance from the radial side surface of the plunger 31.

[0027] Specifically, the coil 21 is fixed in the gap between the shell 11 and the magnetic shield 12, and its axis is coaxial with the plunger 31, so that the coil 21 pushes the plunger 31 to move by generating a magnetic field without affecting the movement of the plunger 31; the rear yoke 22 is a magnetic conductor, which is fixed on the top of the shell 11, that is, the top surface of the coil 21, and can enhance the magnetic field effect, thereby enhancing the electromagnetic force exerted on the plunger 31, and the through hole formed in the middle is interference-connected with the radial outer surface of the magnetic shield 12, thereby fixing the position of the magnetic shield 12, thereby stabilizing the movement path of the plunger 31; the front yoke 23 is a magnetic conductor, which is fixed at the open end of the shell 11 and the bottom end face of the coil 21 to enhance the magnetic field effect, and its radial outer surface is fixedly connected to the shell 11 through an annular bracket, and a through hole is formed in the middle for moving parts.

[0028] Secondly, the magnetic conical surface 24 is integrally formed with the front yoke iron 23, and is fixed to the top end face of the front yoke iron 23. A through hole is formed in the middle of the magnetic conical surface 24 for the plunger 31 to pass through, and the distance between the radial inner side surface and the radial outer side surface of the plunger 31 is constant. The top diameter of the radial outer side surface of the magnetic conical surface 24 is smaller than the bottom diameter, thereby forming a conical surface. Since the magnetic flux flows along a path with small magnetic resistance, the constrained magnetic flux flows into the side of the plunger 31 through the side, thereby realizing a linear relationship between the magnetic flux inside the plunger 31 and the current magnitude.

[0029] Furthermore, the radial outer side surface of the magnetic conical surface 24 is a conical surface with a taper of 15°-25°, and the minimum distance between the opposite end faces of the plunger 31 and the front yoke 23 is at least four times the side distance between the radial inner side surface of the magnetic conical surface 24 and the radial side surface of the plunger 31.

[0030] Specifically, during the movement of the plunger 31 along the axis, the point where its bottom end face is closest to the top end face of the front yoke 23 is the end of its stroke. The minimum spacing needs to always be greater than the side spacing so that the magnetic flux can always flow in from the side of the plunger 31. When the minimum spacing is less than four times the side spacing, part of the magnetic flux will flow through the top end face of the front yoke 23 into the bottom end face of the plunger 31, causing hysteresis in the plunger 31, thereby affecting the flow regulation effect of the embodiment.

[0031] Secondly, since the diameters of the front yoke 23 and the plunger 31 are fixed, the cone angle of the magnetic conductive cone 24 affects the axial length and radial thickness of the cone. When the cone angle is less than 15°, the magnetic conductive cone 24 has two shapes. The first shape is that the outer surface diameter of the top is larger, so that part of the magnetic flux enters the plunger 31 through the end surface, thereby causing hysteresis in the plunger 31. The second shape is that its axial length is too long, so that there is less space for the magnetic flux to pass through, and thus a large amount of magnetic flux cannot pass through the plunger 31, so that the electromagnetic force on the plunger 31 is reduced. In order to achieve the function of regulating flow, a larger current is required, resulting in an increase in the cost of use; when the cone angle is greater than 25°, the axial length of the magnetic conductive cone 24 is too small, so that the relative area between the radial outer surface of the plunger 31 and the radial inner surface of the magnetic conductive cone 24 is too small, thereby making the magnetic flux entering the plunger 31 through the side too small, resulting in the same situation as above, resulting in an increase in the cost of use.

[0032] Furthermore, the regulating assembly 3 also includes: a pin 32 arranged at an end of the plunger 31 close to the electromagnetic assembly 2, the pin 32 being coaxial with the plunger 31, and the plunger 31 being capable of pushing the pin 32 axially through the electromagnetic assembly 2; a valve body 33 arranged at an end of the pin 32 away from the plunger 31, the valve body 33 being coaxial with the plunger 31, and a cavity for placing a valve core 34 being formed inside the valve body 33, and the pin 32 being capable of pushing the valve core 34 axially to move within the cavity of the valve body 33; and a valve sleeve 35 arranged at an end of the valve core 34 away from the pin 32, the valve core 34 being capable of adjusting the flow rate and flow direction of the fluid flowing through the valve body 33 through the valve sleeve 35 when it moves axially, and a spring member 36 arranged at an end of the valve sleeve 35 away from the valve core 34, and the spring member 36 being capable of providing the valve core 34 with an adjustable pressure toward the plunger 31 when compressed.

[0033] Specifically, a groove is formed axially on the valve core 34, and the valve body 33 forms a through oil hole P and an oil hole A in sequence axially downward at the position corresponding to the groove, and forms an oil hole T on the bottom end face, wherein the oil hole P and the oil hole A are both covered with a filter to filter the lubricating oil.

[0034] The specific process of the plunger 31 regulating the flow of lubricating oil is as follows: when the current of the coil 21 increases linearly, the linearly increasing electromagnetic force pushes the plunger 31 to move axially downward, pushing the ejector pin 32, the valve core 34, and the valve sleeve 35 downward in turn, and compressing the spring member 36. During this process, the cross-sectional area of ​​the communication channel between the oil hole A through the groove of the valve core 34 and the oil hole T gradually decreases until the communication channel is closed, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the connection channel between the oil hole A through the groove of the valve core 34 and the oil hole P gradually increases, thereby regulating the flow of lubricating oil, wherein the spring member 36 includes a compression spring and a mounting seat. When the spring member 36 is subjected to pressure applied by the valve sleeve 35, the compression spring, one end of which is interference fit with the mounting seat, is linearly compressed, thereby applying an upward elastic force to the valve sleeve 35, and the compression spring can compress its own length by adjusting the fitting length with the mounting seat, thereby adjusting the elastic force exerted on the plunger 31.

[0035] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0036] The technology, shape and structure that are not described in detail in this utility model are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. An adjustable flow solenoid valve for a passenger car engine lubrication and cooling system, comprising a mounting assembly (1), wherein a cavity is formed inside the mounting assembly (1), and characterized in that: Also includes: An electromagnetic component (2) is arranged in the cavity, and the electromagnetic component (2) generates a magnetic field when energized; as well as An adjusting component (3) is arranged in the cavity, and the adjusting component (3) includes a plunger (31) that interacts with the magnetic field, a radial side surface of the plunger (31) is at a constant distance from the electromagnetic component (2), and the magnetic flux of the magnetic field passes through the radial side surface of the plunger (31) from the electromagnetic component (2) to apply an electromagnetic force to the plunger (31).

2. The adjustable flow solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plunger (31) moves along its own axis under the action of the electromagnetic force.

3. The adjustable flow solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic assembly (2) comprises: a coil (21) coaxial with the plunger (31), wherein the plunger (31) is disposed inside the coil (21); A rear yoke (22) and a front yoke (23) are provided on both axial end surfaces of the coil (21), the magnetic flux passes through the rear yoke (22) and the front yoke (23), and the direction of the rear yoke (22) pointing toward the front yoke (23) is the direction of the electromagnetic force; and A magnetic conical surface (24) is provided on the axial end surface of the front yoke (23) relative to the plunger (31), and a radial inner side surface of the magnetic conical surface (24) and a radial side surface of the plunger (31) are spaced at a constant distance.

4. The adjustable flow solenoid valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radial outer side surface of the magnetic conical surface (24) is a conical surface with a taper of 15°-25°, and the minimum distance between the opposite end surfaces of the plunger (31) and the front yoke (23) is at least four times the side distance between the radial inner side surface of the magnetic conical surface (24) and the radial side surface of the plunger (31).

5. The adjustable flow solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating component (3) further comprises: A thimble (32) is provided at one end of the plunger (31) close to the electromagnetic assembly (2), the thimble (32) being coaxial with the plunger (31), and the plunger (31) being capable of pushing the thimble (32) to penetrate the electromagnetic assembly (2) in the axial direction; A valve body (33) is provided at one end of the ejector pin (32) away from the plunger (31), the valve body (33) being coaxial with the plunger (31), a cavity for accommodating a valve core (34) being formed inside the valve body (33), and the ejector pin (32) is capable of pushing the valve core (34) to move axially within the cavity of the valve body (33); a valve sleeve (35) provided at one end of the valve core (34) away from the ejector pin (32), wherein the valve core (34) can adjust the flow rate and flow direction of the fluid flowing through the valve body (33) through the valve sleeve (35) when the valve core (34) moves in the axial direction; and A spring member (36) is provided at one end of the valve sleeve (35) away from the valve core (34). When the spring member (36) is compressed, it can provide the valve core (34) with an adjustable pressure toward the plunger (31).

6. The adjustable flow solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation assembly (1) comprises: A housing (11) having a cavity formed therein, wherein the electromagnetic component (2) and the adjustment component (3) are both arranged inside the housing (11); and A magnetic shield (12) is provided between the electromagnetic assembly (2) and the plunger (31), one end of the magnetic shield (12) being an open end, a surface of the magnetic shield (12) opposite to the plunger (31) forming a protrusion for supporting the plunger (31), and the magnetic shield (12) and the plunger (31) being coaxial.

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