Line merging mechanism, printing head and three-dimensional printer

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a line merging mechanism, a printing head and a three-dimensional printer, the line merging mechanism is applied to printing equipment, the printing equipment further comprises an extrusion mechanism and a nozzle assembly, and the extrusion mechanism is used for selectively driving a target consumable in a plurality of consumables to advance or retreat; the extrusion mechanism is located at the upstream of a consumable path of the line combining mechanism and the nozzle assembly, and the line combining mechanism comprises a plurality of feeding channels and at least one discharging channel communicated with the feeding channels; the nozzle assembly is used for being communicated with the discharging channel. The printing head comprises the line merging mechanism. The three-dimensional printer comprises the line merging mechanism and a printing head. According to the technical scheme, multi-color printing can be achieved without cutting off the consumables.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and in particular to a line merging mechanism, a heat dissipation device, a throat, a print head and a three-dimensional printer. Background Art

[0002] 3D printing technology uses digital model files and adhesive materials such as powdered metal or plastic as printing materials to construct three-dimensional objects by adding material layer by layer. 3D printer technology is a type of rapid prototyping technology that can print complex geometries and functional parts.

[0003] 3D printers include various types, such as FDM 3D printers. Multi-color printing technology has become the mainstream in FDM printers. Existing multi-color printing technology requires cutting and returning the filament to switch between colors when printing. Switching filament requires moving the printing device to a specific position to apply force to the cutter, thereby cutting the filament. This process takes a long time, resulting in low printing efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a line merging mechanism, a heat dissipation device, a throat, a print head and a three-dimensional printer that do not need to cut off the consumables when printing with other consumables.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a line merging mechanism, which is applied to a printing device, and the printing device also includes an extrusion mechanism and a nozzle assembly, and the extrusion mechanism is used to selectively drive a target consumable among several consumables forward or backward; the extrusion mechanism is located upstream of the consumable path of the line merging mechanism and the nozzle assembly, and the line merging mechanism includes multiple feed channels and at least one discharge channel connected to the feed channels; the nozzle assembly is used to communicate with the discharge channel.

[0006] In the second aspect, the present application also provides a heat dissipation device, which is applied to a line merging mechanism, and the line merging mechanism also includes a throat, and the heat dissipation device is used to connect to the throat. The heat dissipation device is provided with multiple feed channels, and the throat is provided with a discharge channel, or both the heat dissipation device and the throat are provided with discharge channels, and the feed channel is used to communicate with the discharge channel.

[0007] On the third aspect, the present application also provides a throat pipe, which is used for a line merging mechanism, and the line merging mechanism also includes a heat dissipation device, and the throat pipe is used to connect with the heat dissipation device, and the heat dissipation device is provided with multiple feed channels, and the throat pipe is provided with a discharge channel, or both the heat dissipation device and the throat pipe are provided with discharge channels, and the feed channel is used to communicate with the discharge channel.

[0008] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a three-dimensional printer, which includes the above-mentioned line merging mechanism, or the above-mentioned heat dissipation device, or the above-mentioned throat.

[0009] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a three-dimensional printer, which includes the above-mentioned line merging mechanism, or the above-mentioned heat dissipation device, or the above-mentioned throat, or the above-mentioned print head.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0011] According to the technical solution of the present application, the extrusion mechanism is located upstream of the consumable path of the line merging mechanism and the nozzle assembly, and the line merging mechanism includes multiple feed channels and at least one discharge channel connected to the feed channel; the nozzle assembly is used to be connected to the discharge channel. When printing multi-color or multi-material consumables, there is no need to use a cutter device for cutting the consumables to cut the consumables. The consumables can be directly returned to the discharge channel, and then the new target consumable can be advanced and printed. Since the extrusion mechanism of the present application is located upstream of the consumable path of the line merging mechanism and the nozzle assembly, that is, the line merging mechanism is located on the consumable path between the extrusion mechanism and the nozzle assembly, when the consumable is retreated, the end of the consumable does not need to pass through the extrusion mechanism. Even if there are irregularities on the end of the consumable, it will not affect the operation of the extrusion mechanism, that is, it will not affect the retreat of the consumable and the next advance of the consumable. As a result, when switching the consumable for printing, the consumable does not need to be cut off, and only the corresponding consumable needs to be controlled to move forward or backward, thereby saving the cutting time of the consumable and improving the printing speed of the model. There is no need to set a cutter device for cutting the consumable on the printing equipment, saving the production cost of the printing equipment and reducing the volume of the printing equipment.

[0012] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the printing device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0014] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the printing device provided in an embodiment of the application.

[0015] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a partial exploded structure of the printing device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the material changing drive device and the switching device in the embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the active drive device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the heat dissipation device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the throat provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "the" and "the" used in the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0022] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. may be used in the present invention to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other.

[0023] Unless otherwise specified, the methods and equipment used in the present invention are all conventional reagents, methods and equipment in the art.

[0024] As attached Figure 1 and2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a printing device 1, which is applied to a three-dimensional printer. The printing device 1 is used for multi-color printing. Specifically, the printing device 1 can enter consumables of different materials or different colors to advance a target consumable among multiple consumables to print a model using the target consumable, or to retreat the already printed target consumable among the consumables to a set position, and then drive a new target consumable forward to print a model using the new target consumable.

[0025] The specific number of consumables is not limited. In this application, multiple consumables refer to at least one consumable, such as four consumables.

[0026] The printing device 1 includes a housing 40, an extrusion mechanism 10, a line merging mechanism 20, and a nozzle assembly 30. The extrusion mechanism 10 is used to selectively drive a target consumable from a plurality of consumables forward or backward. The extrusion mechanism 10 is located upstream of the consumable path of the line merging mechanism 20 and the nozzle assembly 30. The line merging mechanism 20 includes multiple feed channels 21 and at least one discharge channel 22 connected to the feed channels 21. The nozzle assembly 30 is connected to the line merging mechanism 20, and the nozzle assembly 30 is connected to the discharge channel 22. In this application, the printing device 1 may not include a cutter device for cutting consumables. It can be understood that the plurality of consumables refers to at least one consumable.

[0027] The consumables path is the path for moving consumables. The extrusion mechanism 10 is located upstream of the consumables path of the line merging mechanism 20 and the nozzle assembly 30. That is, the line merging mechanism 20 is located on the consumables path of the extrusion mechanism 10 and the nozzle assembly 30. The consumables first pass through the extrusion mechanism 10, then through the line merging mechanism 20, and then through the nozzle assembly 30. The line merging mechanism 20 and the nozzle assembly 30 can be directly connected or indirectly connected through other devices.

[0028] In the present application, the printing device 1 may include a print head, or may include components other than the print head. Specifically, the printing device 1 of the present application may include at least the following:

[0029] Scenario 1: Printing device 1 includes a printhead, which includes a nozzle assembly 30. The extrusion mechanism 10 and the line merging mechanism 20 are located outside the printhead. That is, when the printhead moves, the extrusion mechanism 10 and the line merging mechanism 20 do not move synchronously with the printhead. In this scenario, the printhead of the printing device may further include a housing 40. The nozzle assembly 30 may be directly or indirectly mounted on the housing 40, thereby enabling synchronous movement with the housing 40.

[0030] Scenario 2: Printing device 1 includes a printhead, which includes a nozzle assembly 30 and a line merging mechanism 20, and extrusion mechanism 10 is located outside the printhead. That is, when the printhead moves, the line merging mechanism 20 moves synchronously with the printhead, while the extrusion mechanism 10 does not. In this scenario, the printhead of the printing device may further include a housing 40, and the nozzle assembly 30 and line merging mechanism 20 may be directly or indirectly mounted on housing 40, i.e., they may move synchronously with housing 40.

[0031] Case 3: Printing device 1 includes a print head, which includes an extrusion mechanism 10, a line merging mechanism 20, and a nozzle assembly 30. That is, when the print head moves, the extrusion mechanism 10, the line merging mechanism 20, and the nozzle assembly 30 move synchronously. In this case, the print head of the printing device may further include a housing 40. The extrusion mechanism 10, the line merging mechanism 20, and the nozzle assembly 30 may be directly or indirectly mounted on the housing 40, i.e., they may move synchronously with the housing 40.

[0032] It can be understood that in case 1 or case 2, if a component does not belong to the print head, the component is not connected to the housing 40, that is, it does not move synchronously with the housing. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The situation shown belongs to situation three.

[0033] The following further describes the printing device 1. The following description can be applied to the first scenario and / or the second scenario and / or the third scenario.

[0034] The number of the feeding channels 21 may be the same as the number of the consumables and correspond to the positions of the consumables to accommodate the consumables.

[0035] The same feed channel 21 may include one channel or multiple connected channels. For example, the feed channel 21 may include a first feed channel 231 and a second feed channel 251 .

[0036] During use, the user manually inserts the end of the consumable into the extrusion mechanism 10, or another device inserts the end of the consumable into the extrusion mechanism 10. If the target consumable is needed to print a model, the target consumable is driven forward. After passing through the feed channel 21 of the line merging mechanism 20, the target consumable enters the discharge channel 22 and enters the nozzle assembly 30. The nozzle assembly 30 melts the consumable and ejects it to print the model on the printing platform of the 3D printer. If the current target consumable is temporarily used up, the extrusion mechanism 10 is controlled to drive the target consumable backward, and the target consumable at least exits the discharge channel 22 so that it does not hinder the advancement of the new target consumable. The process of using the new target consumable is the same as the process of advancing the previous target consumable and printing, and will not be further described here. It will be understood that during printing, if a consumable is included in the discharge channel 22 and this consumable is not the consumable that needs to be used, then this consumable will be ejected from the target channel.

[0037] In the present application, by setting an extrusion mechanism 10, a nozzle assembly 30, and a line merging mechanism 20 of the consumable path located between the nozzle assembly 30 and the extrusion mechanism 10, when printing multi-color or multi-material consumables, there is no need to use a cutter device for cutting the consumables to cut the consumables. The consumables can be directly returned to the discharge channel 22, and then the new target consumable can be advanced and printed. Since the extrusion mechanism 10 of the present application is located upstream of the consumable path of the line merging mechanism 20 and the nozzle assembly 30, that is, the line merging mechanism 20 is located in the consumable path between the extrusion mechanism 10 and the nozzle assembly 30, when the consumable is retreated, the end of the consumable does not need to pass through the extrusion mechanism 10. Even if there are irregularities at the end of the consumable, it will not affect the operation of the extrusion mechanism 10, that is, it will not affect the retreat of the consumable and the next advance of the consumable. As a result, when switching the consumable for printing, the consumable does not need to be cut off, and only the corresponding consumable needs to be controlled to advance or retreat, thereby saving the consumable cutting time and improving the printing speed of the model. There is no need to set a cutter device for cutting the consumable on the printing device 1, which saves the production cost of the printing device 1 and reduces the volume of the printing device 1.

[0038] Please also refer to Figure 3 The specific structure of the extrusion mechanism 10 is not limited, as long as it can drive the consumable material forward or backward. The extrusion mechanism 10 can adopt any existing extrusion mechanism 10, or a new extrusion mechanism 10 designed in the future.

[0039] Optionally, the extrusion mechanism 10 includes a material-changing drive device 11, a switching device 12, an active drive device 14, and at least two clamping devices 13. The clamping device 13 is located on at least one side of the active drive device 14. The material-changing drive device 11 is driven and connected to the switching device 12, and the switching device 12 is driven and connected to the clamping device 13, so that the target clamping device 13 of the at least two clamping devices 13 and the active drive device 14 selectively clamp the consumable to drive the target consumable forward or backward. Specifically, the material-changing drive device 11 can drive the switching device 12 to rotate so that the clamping device 13 connected to the switching device 12 approaches or moves away from the active drive device 14, and the active drive device 14 is used to rotate to drive the target consumable forward or backward.

[0040] The extrusion mechanism 10 includes a material changing drive device 11, a switching device 12, an active drive device 14 and at least two clamping devices 13. The clamping device 13 is located on at least one side of the active drive device 14. The material changing drive device 11 is driven and connected to the switching device 12, and the switching device 12 is driven and connected to the clamping device 13, so that the target clamping device 13 in the at least two clamping devices 13 can selectively clamp the consumables with the active drive device 14 to drive the target consumables forward or backward. This application has only one active drive device, which can selectively clamp the target consumables with different clamping devices to drive the target consumables forward or backward, reducing the number of active drive devices, resulting in a simple structure of the extrusion mechanism and reducing the volume of the extrusion mechanism.

[0041] In this embodiment, the number of clamping devices 13 is not limited. The number of clamping devices 13 is the same as the number of consumables. Each clamping device 13 is used to clamp a consumable so that the active drive device 14 drives the consumable forward or backward. For example, the printing device 1 includes four clamping devices 13, two of which are located on one side of the active drive device 14, and the other two clamping devices 13 are located on the other side of the active drive device 14. Such a layout can save space and improve space utilization. More clamping devices 13 can be accommodated in a limited space, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the printing device 1 and does not affect the arrangement of other components, such as the line merging mechanism 20. The structure is simple, easy to manufacture, and low in cost. Optionally, the extrusion mechanism 10 includes at least four material change drive mechanisms, at least two clamping devices 13 are located on one side of the active drive device 14, and at least two clamping devices 13 are located on the other side of the active drive device 14.

[0042] It is understood that the number of clamping devices 13 and the local position of the clamping devices 13 are for example only and do not limit the number and layout. As in other embodiments, the four clamping devices 13 can be arranged in a row and all arranged on the same side of the active drive device.

[0043] The clamping device 13 includes a passive wheel 131, a movable rod 132, and an elastic member 133. The movable rod 132 can be movably connected to the housing 40. The passive wheel 131 is rotationally connected to the movable rod 132. The elastic member 133 is connected to the housing 40 and the movable rod 132 respectively. The elastic member 133 is used to apply force to the movable rod 132 to approach the active drive device 14, so that the passive wheel 131 and the active drive device 14 clamp the consumable. In this application, connection includes abutment.

[0044] The structure of the passive wheel 131 is not limited, as long as it can contact the consumables and can clamp the consumables with the active drive device 14. Exemplarily, a first groove for accommodating the consumables is provided on the passive wheel 131, and the side wall of the first groove can be roughened to increase the friction between the consumables and the passive wheel 131. For example, grooves can be provided on the side wall of the first groove, and the grooves are arranged along the circumference of the passive wheel 131. The number of passive wheels 131 included in each clamping device 13 is not limited, such as including one or more passive wheels 131. In the embodiment of the present application, each clamping device 13 may include a passive wheel 131, and the printing device 1 includes four passive wheels 131, two passive wheels 131 are located on one side of the active drive device 14, and the other two passive wheels 131 are located on the other side of the active drive device 14, so that the passive wheels on the same side of the active drive device 14 are arranged side by side.

[0045] The structure and type of the elastic member 133 are not limited; for example, the elastic member 133 may be a torsion spring, a spring, or elastic silicone. The number of elastic members 133 is also not limited; a clamping device 13 may include one or more elastic members 133, as long as the elastic members 133 can exert a force to pull the movable rod 132 toward the active drive device 14. In the embodiment of the present application, the elastic member 133 is a torsion spring, and each clamping device 13 includes only one torsion spring, which is respectively connected to the movable rod 132 of the housing 40.

[0046] The movable rod 132 includes a rotating portion 1321 and a connecting portion 1322. The rotating portion 1321 and the connecting portion 1322 are connected. The end of the rotating portion 1321 away from the connecting portion 1322 is rotatably connected to the housing 40. The driven wheel 131 is connected to the end of the connecting portion 1322 closer to the rotating portion 1321. The elastic member 133 is connected to the housing 40 and the connecting portion 1322, respectively. The end of the rotating portion 1321 away from the connecting portion 1322 is rotatably connected to the housing 40, and the driven wheel 131 is connected to the end of the connecting portion 1322 closer to the rotating portion 1321. This allows the driven wheel 131 to protrude toward the active drive device 14, thereby preventing the rotating portion 1321 and the connecting portion 1322 from interfering with the active drive device 14. The end of the rotating portion 1321 away from the connecting portion 1322, i.e., the position on the rotating portion 1321 at a distance greater than half the length of the rotating portion 1321, is located away from the connecting portion 1322. The connection portion 1322 is close to one end of the rotating portion 1321 , that is, a position on the connection portion 1322 at a distance from the rotating portion 1321 that is less than half of the length of the connection portion 1322 .

[0047] The rotating portion 1321 and the connecting portion 1322 may be integrally formed. The materials of the rotating portion 1321 and the connecting portion 1322 are not limited, and for example, the rotating portion 1321 and the connecting portion 1322 may be made of plastic or metal.

[0048] The connecting portion 1322 of the movable rod 132 is provided with an abutting portion 1323, and the abutting portion 1323 is used to abut against the switching device 12, and the switching device 12 is used to push the abutting portion 1323 away from the switching device 12, or to make way for the abutting portion 1323, so that the abutting portion 1323, the movable rod 132 and the passive wheel 131 are close to the active drive device 14. The abutting portion 1323 can be convex toward the switching device 12. The shape of the abutting portion 1323 is not limited. In this application, the abutting portion 1323 is rod-shaped, and the end of the abutting portion 1323 close to the switching device 12 is smoothed to facilitate the switching device 12 to push the abutting portion 1323, such as the end of the abutting portion 1323 close to the switching device 12 is arc-shaped. The abutting portion 1323 can be integrally formed with the connecting portion 1322. The material of the abutting portion 1323 is not limited, such as the abutting portion 1323 can be plastic.

[0049] A rotating shaft 41 may be protruded from the housing 40 so that the rotating portion 1321 of the movable rod 132 of the clamping device 13 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 41 , that is, the rotating portion 1321 is rotatably connected to the rotating portion 1321 .

[0050] The switching device 12 is used to enable the passive wheel 131 and the active drive device 14 to clamp the consumables at one time, such as clamping one or two consumables at one time. In the embodiment of the present application, the switching device 12 is used to enable the passive wheel 131 and the active drive device 14 to clamp at most one consumable at one time. The switching device 12 is provided with a reversing groove 121 arranged in the circumferential direction, and the reversing groove 121 is used to make way for the abutting portion 1323 of the clamping device 13, so that the abutting portion 1323, the connecting portion 1322 and the passive wheel 131 can be close to the active drive device 14, so that the passive wheel 131 and the active drive device 14 can clamp the consumables. The material of the switching device 12 is not limited, such as the material of the switching device 12 can be plastic or metal.

[0051] The specific structure of the reversing groove 121 is not limited, such as the shape of the reversing groove 121 matches the abutment portion. In the present application, the cross-sectional shape of the reversing groove 121 is arc-shaped, so that the switching device 12 can rotate and realize the contact and separation of the abutment portion 1323 and the groove wall of the reversing groove 121. The reversing groove 121 is arranged along the circumferential direction, that is, the reversing groove 121 is staggered, and the projections of different reversing grooves 121 on the cross section of the switching device 12 are located at different positions, so that at any moment, there is only one clamping device 13 clamping the consumables. The reversing grooves 121 can be distributed on different planes; thus, the clamping devices 13 can be distributed on different planes, which can improve space utilization. At least one reversing groove 121 is distributed on each plane. In the present application, a reversing groove is distributed in each plane to drive at least two clamping devices 13 arranged on one plane.

[0052] If the printing device 1 includes at least four clamping devices 13, the switching device 12 is provided with at least two reversing slots 121. The reversing slots 121 are distributed on at least two planes, with at least one reversing slot 121 provided on each plane. In one embodiment, the number of reversing slots 121 is two. The reversing slots can be arranged so that the clamping device 13 can be adjusted to five gear positions, one of which is neutral. In this neutral position, none of the clamping devices 13 and the active drive device 14 clamp the consumables.

[0053] See also Figure 4 The material changing driving device 11 is used to drive the switching device 12 to rotate. The specific structure of the material changing driving device 11 is not limited, as long as it can drive the switching device 12 to rotate.

[0054] Specifically, the material changing drive device 11 includes a first motor 111, a worm 112 connected to the first motor 111, and a worm gear 113 drivingly connected to the worm 112, and the worm gear 113 is coaxially connected to the switching device 12; or,

[0055] The material changing drive device 11 includes a first motor 111, a first gear drivingly connected to the first motor 111, and a second gear drivingly connected to the first gear, the diameter of the second gear is larger than the diameter of the first gear, the second gear is coaxially connected to the switching device 12, and the diameter of the second gear is larger than the diameter of the switching device 12.

[0056] The above two structures of the material-changing driving device 11 are exemplary descriptions of the embodiments of the present application and do not limit the specific structure of the material-changing driving device 11 .

[0057] See also Figure 5 The active driving device 14 includes a driving mechanism and a driving wheel 141 drivingly connected to the driving mechanism. The driving wheel 141 is used to clamp the consumables with the clamping device 13.

[0058] The specific structure of the driving mechanism is not limited, as long as it can drive the driving wheel 141 to rotate. For example, the driving mechanism includes a second motor 142, a motor driving wheel 143 drivingly connected to the second motor 142, and a reduction wheel 144 drivingly connected to the motor driving wheel 143, wherein the diameter of the reduction wheel 144 is larger than the diameter of the motor driving wheel 143, the reduction wheel 144 is coaxially connected to the driving wheel 141, and the diameter of the reduction wheel 144 is larger than the diameter of the driving wheel 141.

[0059] The specific structure of the driving wheel 141 is not limited, as long as it can contact the consumables and clamp the consumables with the driven wheel 131. For example, the driving wheel 141 is provided with a second groove for accommodating the consumables. The sidewalls of the second groove can be roughened to increase the friction between the consumables and the driving wheel 141. For example, the sidewalls of the second groove can be provided with grooves, and the grooves are arranged along the circumference of the driven wheel 131.

[0060] The active drive device 14 includes at least two active wheels 141. Different active wheels 141 are located on different planes. In the embodiment of the present application, at least two active wheels 141 are coaxially connected to the reduction wheel 144 of the drive mechanism to achieve the same angle rotation.

[0061] Each driving wheel 141 corresponds to at least one clamping device 13, that is, each driving wheel 141 corresponds to at least one driven wheel 131. In the embodiment of the present application, each driving wheel 141 corresponds to two clamping devices 13, that is, each driving wheel 141 corresponds to two driven wheels 131. A clamping device 13 is provided on each side of the driving wheel 141, that is, two clamping devices 13 are provided on both sides of the driving wheel 141. If the printing device 1 includes four clamping devices 13, the printing device 1 includes two driving wheels 141.

[0062] The number of discharge channels 22 included in the line merging mechanism 20 is not limited.

[0063] A discharge channel 22, the printing device 1 includes a nozzle assembly 30, and the number of the nozzle assemblies 30 is the same as the number of the discharge channels 22; or

[0064] The line merging mechanism 20 includes a plurality of discharge channels 22 , and the printing device 1 includes a plurality of nozzle assemblies 30 , where the number of the nozzle assemblies 30 is the same as the number of the discharge channels 22 .

[0065] Specifically, the line merging mechanism 20 may include a feed piece and a discharge piece; the feed piece and the discharge piece are connected, a feed channel 21 is provided on the feed piece, and a discharge channel 22 is provided on the discharge piece, or the discharge channel 22 is provided on both the discharge piece and the feed piece; the feed channel 21 corresponds to the consumables passing through the extrusion mechanism 10, and the discharge piece is connected to the nozzle assembly 30.

[0066] It can be understood that the feed channel 21 corresponds to the consumables passing through the extrusion mechanism 10 , that is, the consumables of the extrusion mechanism 10 can enter the feed channel.

[0067] The line merging mechanism 20 includes a feed piece and a discharge piece, that is, the line merging mechanism 20 is split into two parts, namely the feed piece and the discharge piece, so that the feed channel 21 and the discharge channel 22 are easier to open and the processing difficulty is lower.

[0068] Among them, the case where the line merging mechanism 20 is located on the print head includes case two and case three. The print head may also include a heat sink 23 and a throat 24, the heat sink 23 is connected to the throat 24, and the throat 24 is connected to the nozzle assembly 30. The feed and discharge parts of the line merging mechanism 20 may be located upstream of the consumables path of the heat sink 23 and the throat 24, such as the heat sink 23 may be directly or indirectly connected to the line merging mechanism 20; or the feed part includes the heat sink 23, and the discharge part includes the throat 24. If the feed part includes the heat sink 23 and the discharge part includes the throat 24, the volume of the print head can be further reduced, the length of the consumables to be withdrawn can be reduced, the model printing time can be shortened, and the printing efficiency can be improved.

[0069] Please also refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6 and Figure 7 Optionally, in case two or three where the line merging mechanism 20 is located on the print head, the nozzle assembly 30 may be connected to the line merging mechanism 20 .

[0070] Among them, the line merging mechanism 20 may include a heat sink 23 and a throat 24, the heat sink 23 is connected to the throat 24, the heat sink 23 is provided with the above-mentioned feed channel 21, the above-mentioned discharge channel 22 is arranged on the throat 24, or the discharge channel 22 is arranged on the throat 24 and the heat sink 23 at the same time. The feed channel 21 corresponds to the consumables passing through the extrusion mechanism 10, and the throat 24 is connected to the nozzle assembly 30. The heat sink 23 may not be directly connected to the extrusion mechanism 10, and may be at a certain distance from the extrusion mechanism 10. It can be understood that the line merging mechanism 20 does not limit the specific positions where the feed channel 21 and the discharge channel 22 are opened, as long as the feed channel 21 and the discharge channel 22 are located in the consumable path between the extrusion mechanism 10 and the nozzle assembly 30. In the embodiment of the present application, the description of the opening positions of the feed channel 21 and the discharge channel 22 is only an exemplary description and is not limited to this.

[0071] The heat sink 23 is provided with a plurality of first feed channels 231 and connecting channels 232 communicating with the feed channels 21. A discharge channel 22 is provided on the throat pipe 24. One end of the throat pipe 24 is connected to the heat sink 23 via the connecting channel 232, thereby communicating with the first feed channels 231 and the discharge channel 22. The specific shape and material of the heat sink 23 are not limited. For example, the heat sink 23 may include heat dissipation fins. The heat sink 23 may be made of aluminum or copper, which is a metal that easily dissipates heat.

[0072] The first feed channel 231 is used to pass consumables. The shape of the first feed channel 231 is not limited, such as the first feed channel 231 can be straight or arc-shaped. In the present application, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first feed channel 231 is circular. The end of the first feed channel 231 away from the connecting channel 232 is opened at the first end of the heat dissipation device 23, so as to facilitate the opening of the first feed channel 231. The length of the first feed channel 231 is 6-20 mm, and the diameter of the first feed channel 231 is 1.5-2.5 mm. The diameter of the first feed channel 231 can be reasonably set according to the consumables that need to pass through. It can be understood that the diameter of the channel or hole for passing the consumables needs to be greater than or equal to the diameter of the consumables. If the length of the first feed channel 231 is too long, it will affect the time it takes for the consumables to initially pass through the first feed channel 231 and will cause the print head to be too tall, hindering the miniaturization of the print head. If the length of the first feed channel 231 is too short, it will be difficult to merge the first feed channel 231 with the discharge channel 22 and may cause the size of the heat sink 23 to be too small, affecting heat dissipation efficiency. Specifically, the distance between the ends of the multiple first feed channels 231 away from the connecting channel 232 is smaller than the distance between the ends of the multiple first feed channels 231 closer to the connecting channel 232. That is, the distance between any two first feed channels 231 away from the end of the nozzle assembly 30 is greater than the distance between any two first feed channels 231 closer to the end of the nozzle assembly 30. This increases the distance between the two first feed channels 231 away from the end of the nozzle assembly 30, leaving more space for connecting components for transferring consumables, such as Teflon tubes or other components that limit the movement of consumables, such as channels defined in the housing 50.

[0073] The connecting channel 232 is used for connecting the throat pipe 24 to the heat sink 23. The shape of the connecting channel 232 is not limited, and it can be straight. In the present application, the cross-section of the connecting channel 232 is circular. The specific connection method between the throat pipe 24 and the heat sink 23 is not limited, and it can be threaded, riveted, or fixed by a screw, etc. The inner wall of the specific connecting channel 232 can be provided with threads, etc. Optionally, the throat pipe 24 and the heat sink 23 can be detachably connected. The method of detachable connection is not limited, as long as the throat pipe 24 and the heat sink 23 can be quickly disassembled. The length of the connecting channel 232 is 5-15 mm, and the diameter of the connecting channel 232 is 5.3-7 mm. If the length of the connecting channel 232 is too short, it is difficult to firmly fix the throat pipe 24. If the length of the connecting channel 232 is too long, the heat sink 23 will be too large, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of the print head.

[0074] The connecting channel 232 is opened at the second end of the heat sink 23, opposite the first end, away from the end of the first feed channel. This facilitates the opening of the connecting channel 232. The projections of the ends of the multiple first feed channels 231, which are closer to the connecting channel 232, are located on the connecting channel 232. Due to the projected relationship between the first feed channels 231 and the connecting channels 232, the first feed channels 231 can be opened directly from the first end of the heat sink 23, and the connecting channels 232 can be opened directly from the second end of the heat sink 23. This allows direct communication between the first feed channels 231 and the connecting channels 232, facilitating the opening of the first feed channels 231 and the connecting channels 232, and reducing the difficulty of manufacturing the heat sink 23.

[0075] The connection method between the throat tube 24 and the nozzle assembly 30 is not limited. For example, the throat tube 24 can be threaded, interference-fitted, riveted, or connected with the nozzle assembly 30 by means of a jackscrew. The length of the throat tube 24 is 14-25 mm. If the throat tube 24 is too short, it will be difficult to securely fix the heat sink 23 and the nozzle assembly 30. If the throat tube 24 is too long, it will be difficult to reduce the size of the printhead.

[0076] The throat pipe 24 is also provided with a connecting channel 241 that communicates with the discharge channel 22. The multiple first feed channels 231 are connected to the discharge channel 22 through the connecting channel 241, that is, the multiple first feed channels 231 are connected to the discharge channel 22 through the connecting channel 241. One end of the throat pipe 24 provided with the discharge channel 22 is connected to the nozzle assembly 30. The length of the discharge channel 22 is 5-15 mm, and the diameter of the discharge channel 22 is 1.5-2.5 mm. The length of the connecting channel 241 is 5-15 mm; the maximum diameter of the connecting channel 241 is 5-7 mm. The maximum diameter of the connecting channel 241 is 5-7 mm, which makes it easier for consumables from the first feed channel to enter the connecting channel 241 and then enter the discharge channel 22. The length of the discharge channel 22 and the length of the connecting channel 241 are moderate, which can facilitate the miniaturization of the print head.

[0077] The connecting channel 241 is larger than the discharge channel 22. This allows the end of the consumable material to remain in the connecting channel rather than retreating to the first feed channel 231 during retraction, thus preventing it from blocking the flow of other consumable materials. Specifically, the end of the connecting channel 241 near the nozzle assembly 30 is smaller than the end away from the nozzle assembly 30. In other words, the connecting channel 241 is tapered.

[0078] The projections of one end of the multiple first feed channels 231 close to the connecting channel 232 on the connecting channel 241 are located on the end of the connecting channel 232 away from the nozzle assembly 30, so that when the throat 24 is installed in the connecting channel 232, the first feed channel 231 and the connecting channel 241 can be directly aligned, which is convenient for assembly.

[0079] Optionally, the line merging mechanism 20 further includes a connecting device 25 , on which a plurality of second feed channels 251 are provided. The second feed channels 251 correspond to the consumables passing through the extrusion mechanism 10 , and the second feed channels 251 also correspond one-to-one to the first feed channels 231 .

[0080] The specific structure of the connecting device 25 is not limited. The connecting device 25 can be connected to the housing 40. Alternatively, the connecting device 25 can be integrally formed with the housing 40. In other embodiments, the connecting device 25 is a consumable guide tube. The distance between the connecting device 25 and the heat sink 23 is 0.1 mm to 5 mm, that is, there is a gap between the connecting device 25 and the heat sink 23.

[0081] The printing device 1 may further include an elastic connector connected to the housing 40 and a force sensor disposed on the elastic connector. The heat sink is connected to the housing 40 via an elastic member 133. When the nozzle assembly 30 of the printing device 1 contacts the printing platform of the 3D printer, the elastic connector deforms. The force sensor senses the deformation of the elastic connector and thus detects contact between the nozzle assembly 30 and the printing platform, facilitating leveling of the 3D printer. A gap is provided between the connecting device 25 and the heat sink 23 to facilitate deformation of the elastic connector.

[0082] The nozzle assembly 30 includes a heating device 31 and a nozzle 32. The heating device 31 is connected to the nozzle 32. The heating device 31 can also be connected to the discharge member, that is, the heating device 31 can also be connected to the throat 24. It is understood that if the throat 24 is not part of the line merging mechanism 20, the heating device 31 can be connected to the throat 24.

[0083] The heating device 31 is used to melt the consumable material entering the heating device 31 from the discharge channel 22 so that it can be ejected from the nozzle 32 for printing. The heating device 31 and the nozzle 32 are common structures in the art. Any currently existing nozzle assembly 30 or any future nozzle assembly 30 designed within the design concept of this application is within the scope of protection of this application.

[0084] The printing device 1 may further include a material break detection device, which is arranged at one end of the extrusion mechanism 10 away from the nozzle assembly 30; and / or

[0085] The printing device 1 further includes a material blockage detection device, which is disposed at one end of the extrusion mechanism 10 away from the nozzle assembly 30. The specific structure of the material breakage detection device or the material blockage detection device is not limited in this application, as long as it can detect material breakage or blockage of the consumables.

[0086] The consumables in the nozzle assembly 30 are melted consumables, the consumables in the feed channel 21 are unmelted consumables, and at least part of the consumables in the discharge channel 22 are solid consumables.

[0087] The present application also provides a print head, which may be the printing device 1 of the above embodiment, and has all the functions and advantages of the above printing device 1. The print head may include the extrusion mechanism 10, or the line merging mechanism 20, or the heat dissipation device 23, or the throat 24 of the above embodiment.

[0088] The present application also provides a three-dimensional printer, which includes the above-mentioned extrusion mechanism 10, or the line merging mechanism 20, or the heat dissipation device 23, or the throat 24, or the printing device 1 or the print head of the above-mentioned embodiment, and has all the functions and advantages of the above-mentioned extrusion mechanism 10, or the line merging mechanism 20, or the heat dissipation device 23, or the throat 24, or the printing device 1 or the print head of the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0089] The present application provides a line merging mechanism 20, which is applied to a printing device 1. The printing device 1 also includes an extrusion mechanism 10 and a nozzle assembly 30. The extrusion mechanism 10 is used to selectively drive a target consumable among several consumables forward or backward; the extrusion mechanism 10 is located upstream of the consumable path of the line merging mechanism 20 and the nozzle assembly 30. The line merging mechanism 20 includes multiple feed channels 21 and at least one discharge channel 22 connected to the feed channels 21; the nozzle assembly 30 is used to connect to the discharge channel 22.

[0090] The number of the feeding channels 21 is the same as the number of the consumables and corresponds to the positions of the consumables to accommodate the consumables;

[0091] The line merging mechanism 20 includes a discharge channel 22, and the printing device 1 includes a nozzle assembly 30. The number of the nozzle assemblies 30 is the same as the number of the discharge channels 22; or

[0092] The line merging mechanism 20 includes a plurality of discharge channels 22 , and the printing device 1 includes a plurality of nozzle assemblies 30 , where the number of the nozzle assemblies 30 is the same as the number of the discharge channels 22 .

[0093] The line merging mechanism 20 and the nozzle assembly 30 are directly connected.

[0094] The printing device 1 includes a print head, which includes an extrusion mechanism 10, a line merging mechanism 20 and a nozzle assembly 30; or

[0095] The printing device 1 includes a print head, which includes a line merging mechanism 20 and a nozzle assembly 30 .

[0096] The line merging mechanism 20 includes a feed piece and a discharge piece; the feed piece and the discharge piece are connected, a feed channel 21 is provided on the feed piece, a discharge channel 22 is provided on the discharge piece, or the discharge channel 22 is provided on both the discharge piece and the feed piece;

[0097] The feed channel 21 corresponds to the consumable material passing through the extrusion mechanism 10 , and the discharge piece is connected to the nozzle assembly 30 .

[0098] The feeding member includes a heat dissipation device 23, and the discharging member includes a throat 24. The heat dissipation device 23 is connected to the throat 24. A feeding channel 21 is provided on the heat dissipation device 23, and a discharging channel 22 is provided on the throat 24, or the discharging channel 22 is provided on both the throat 24 and the heat dissipation device 23.

[0099] The feed channel 21 is used to correspond to the consumables passing through the extrusion mechanism 10 , and the throat 24 is used to connect with the nozzle assembly 30 .

[0100] The heat dissipation device 23 is provided with a plurality of first feed channels 231 and a connecting channel 232 connected to the feed channel 21. A discharge channel 22 is provided on the throat pipe 24. One end of the throat pipe 24 is connected to the heat dissipation device 23 through the connecting channel 232 to connect the first feed channel 231 with the discharge channel 22.

[0101] The length of the connecting channel 232 is 5-15 mm, and the diameter of the connecting channel 232 is 5.3-7 mm;

[0102] The length of the first feed channel 231 is 6-20 mm; the diameter of the first feed channel 231 is 1.5-2.5 mm.

[0103] The projections of one end of the plurality of first feed channels 231 close to the connecting channel 232 on the connecting channel 232 are located in the connecting channel 232;

[0104] One end of the first feed channel 231 away from the connecting channel 232 is opened at the first end of the heat dissipation device 23 , and one end of the connecting channel 232 away from the first feed channel 231 is opened at the second end of the heat dissipation device 23 opposite to the first end.

[0105] The throat pipe 24 is also provided with a connecting channel 241 connected to the discharge channel 22 . The multiple first feed channels 231 are respectively connected to the discharge channel 22 through the connecting channel 241 . One end of the discharge channel 22 provided on the throat pipe 24 is connected to the nozzle assembly 30 .

[0106] The length of the throat 24 is 14-25 mm; the length of the discharge channel 22 is 5-15 mm, the diameter of the discharge channel 22 is 1.5-2.5 mm, the length of the connecting channel 241 is 5-15 mm, and the maximum diameter of the connecting channel 241 is 5-7 mm.

[0107] A distance between ends of the plurality of first feed channels 231 away from the connecting channel 232 is smaller than a distance between ends of the plurality of first feed channels 231 close to the connecting channel 232 .

[0108] The dimension of the end of the communication channel 241 close to the nozzle assembly 30 is smaller than the dimension of the end of the communication channel 241 away from the nozzle assembly 30 .

[0109] The projections of one end of the plurality of first feed channels 231 close to the connecting channel 232 on the communicating channel 241 are located inside an end of the connecting channel 232 away from the nozzle assembly 30 .

[0110] The line merging mechanism 20 also includes a connecting device 25 , which is provided with a plurality of second feed channels 251 . The second feed channels 251 are used to correspond to the consumables passing through the extrusion mechanism 10 , and the second feed channels 251 also correspond one-to-one with the first feed channels 231 .

[0111] The distance between the connecting device 25 and the heat dissipation device 23 is 0.1 mm-5 mm.

[0112] The present application also provides a heat dissipation device 23, which is applied to the line merging mechanism 20. The line merging mechanism also includes a throat 24. The heat dissipation device 23 is used to connect with the throat 24. A plurality of feed channels 21 are provided on the heat dissipation device 23, and a discharge channel 22 is provided on the throat 24, or both the heat dissipation device 23 and the throat 24 are provided with a discharge channel 22, and the feed channel 21 is used to communicate with the discharge channel 22.

[0113] The heat dissipation device 23 is provided with a plurality of first feed channels 231 and a connecting channel 232 communicating with the feed channel 21 . The heat dissipation device 23 is connected to one end of the throat 24 through the connecting channel 232 so that the first feed channel 231 is communicated with the discharge channel 22 .

[0114] The length of the connecting channel 232 is 5-15 mm, and the diameter of the connecting channel 232 is 5.3-7 mm;

[0115] The length of the first feed channel 231 is 6-20 mm; the diameter of the first feed channel 231 is 1.5-2.5 mm.

[0116] The projections of one end of the plurality of first feed channels 231 close to the connecting channel 232 on the connecting channel 232 are located inside the connecting channel 232;

[0117] One end of the first feed channel 231 away from the connecting channel 232 is opened at the first end of the heat dissipation device 23 , and one end of the connecting channel 232 away from the first feed channel 231 is opened at the second end of the heat dissipation device 23 opposite to the first end.

[0118] A distance between ends of the plurality of first feed channels 231 away from the connecting channel 232 is smaller than a distance between ends of the plurality of first feed channels 231 close to the connecting channel 232 .

[0119] The present application also provides a throat pipe 24, which is applied to the line merging mechanism 20. The line merging mechanism also includes a heat dissipation device 23. The throat pipe 24 is used to connect with the heat dissipation device 23. The heat dissipation device 23 is provided with multiple feed channels 21, and the throat pipe 24 is provided with a discharge channel 22, or both the heat dissipation device 23 and the throat pipe 24 are provided with a discharge channel 22, and the feed channel 21 is used to communicate with the discharge channel 22.

[0120] The throat pipe 24 is also provided with a connecting channel 241 connected to the discharge channel 22. Multiple feed channels 22 are connected to the discharge channel 22 through the connecting channel 241 respectively. One end of the discharge channel 22 provided on the throat pipe 24 is used to connect to the nozzle assembly 30 of the 3D printer.

[0121] The length of the throat 24 is 14-25 mm; the length of the discharge channel 22 is 5-15 mm, the diameter of the discharge channel 22 is 1.5-2.5 mm, the length of the connecting channel 241 is 5-15 mm, and the maximum diameter of the connecting channel 241 is 5-7 mm.

[0122] The dimension of the end of the communication channel 241 close to the nozzle assembly 30 is smaller than the dimension of the end of the communication channel 241 away from the nozzle assembly 30 .

[0123] The present application also provides a print head, a three-dimensional printer including the above-mentioned line merging mechanism 20, or the above-mentioned heat dissipation device 23, or the above-mentioned throat 24.

[0124] The present application also provides a three-dimensional printer, which includes the above-mentioned line merging mechanism 20, or the above-mentioned heat dissipation device 23, or the above-mentioned throat 24, or the above-mentioned print head.

[0125] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A line merging mechanism, characterized in that: The line merging mechanism is applied to a printing device, which also includes an extrusion mechanism and a nozzle assembly. The extrusion mechanism is used to selectively drive a target consumable among several consumables forward or backward; the extrusion mechanism is located upstream of the consumable path of the line merging mechanism and the nozzle assembly, and the line merging mechanism includes multiple feed channels and at least one discharge channel connected to the feed channels; the nozzle assembly is used to communicate with the discharge channel.

2. The line merging mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the feeding channels is the same as the number of the consumables and corresponds to the positions of the consumables to accommodate the consumables; The line merging mechanism includes a discharge channel, the printing device includes a nozzle assembly, and the number of the nozzle assemblies is the same as the number of the discharge channels; or The line merging mechanism includes a plurality of discharge channels, and the printing device includes a plurality of the nozzle assemblies. The number of the nozzle assemblies is the same as the number of the discharge channels.

3. The line merging mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The line merging mechanism is directly connected to the nozzle assembly.

4. The line merging mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printing device includes a print head, and the print head includes the extrusion mechanism, the line merging mechanism and the nozzle assembly; or The printing device includes a print head, and the print head includes the line merging mechanism and the nozzle assembly.

5. The line merging mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The line merging mechanism includes a feed piece and a discharge piece; the feed piece and the discharge piece are connected, the feed piece is provided with the feed channel, the discharge channel is provided on the discharge piece, or the discharge channel is provided on both the discharge piece and the feed piece; The feed channel corresponds to the consumable material passing through the extrusion mechanism, and the discharge piece is connected to the nozzle assembly.

6. The line merging mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feed member includes a heat dissipation device, the discharge member includes a throat, the heat dissipation device is connected to the throat, the heat dissipation device is provided with the feed channel, the discharge channel is provided on the throat, or the discharge channel is provided on both the throat and the heat dissipation device; The feed channel is used to correspond to the consumables passing through the extrusion mechanism, and the throat is used to connect with the nozzle assembly.

7. The line merging mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat dissipation device is provided with a plurality of first feed channels and connecting channels connected to the feed channels, the throat pipe is provided with a discharge channel, and one end of the throat pipe is connected to the heat dissipation device through the connecting channel to connect the first feed channel with the discharge channel.

8. The line merging mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The length of the connecting channel is 5-15 mm, and the diameter of the connecting channel is 5.3-7 mm; The length of the first feed channel is 6-20 mm; the diameter of the first feed channel is 1.5-2.5 mm.

9. The line merging mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: Projections of one end of the plurality of first feed channels close to the connecting channel on the connecting channel are located in the connecting channel; One end of the first feed channel away from the connecting channel is opened at a first end of the heat dissipation device, and one end of the connecting channel away from the first feed channel is opened at a second end of the heat dissipation device opposite to the first end.

10. The line merging mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The throat pipe is also provided with a communication channel connected to the discharge channel, and multiple first feed channels are respectively connected to the discharge channel through the communication channel. One end of the discharge channel provided on the throat pipe is connected to the nozzle assembly.

11. The line merging mechanism according to claim 10, characterized in that: The length of the throat is 14-25 mm; the length of the discharge channel is 5-15 mm, the diameter of the discharge channel is 1.5-2.5 mm, the length of the connecting channel is 5-15 mm, and the maximum diameter of the connecting channel is 5-7 mm.

12. The line merging mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: A distance between ends of the plurality of first feed channels that are away from the connecting channel is smaller than a distance between ends of the plurality of first feed channels that are close to the connecting channel.

13. The line merging mechanism according to claim 10, characterized in that: A dimension of an end of the communication channel close to the nozzle assembly is smaller than a dimension of an end of the communication channel away from the nozzle assembly.

14. The line merging mechanism according to claim 13, characterized in that: Projections of one end of the plurality of first feed channels close to the connecting channel on the communicating channel are located within one end of the connecting channel away from the nozzle assembly.

15. The line merging mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The line merging mechanism also includes a connecting device, which is provided with a plurality of second feed channels. The second feed channels are used to correspond to the consumables passing through the extrusion mechanism, and the second feed channels also correspond one-to-one with the first feed channels.

16. The line merging mechanism according to claim 15, characterized in that: The distance between the communication device and the heat dissipation device is 0.1 mm-5 mm.

17. A print head, characterized in that: The print head includes the line merging mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

18. A three-dimensional printer, characterized in that: The three-dimensional printer includes the line merging mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 16, or the print head according to claim 17.

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