Device for measuring unequal-thickness circular seam alignment tolerance of cone and cylinder

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cone and cylinder unequal-thickness circular seam alignment tolerance measuring device which comprises a magnetic base provided with a permanent magnet pole and a magnetic base switch. One end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with the magnetic base, the other end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with a mounting frame, an angle dial is arranged on the mounting frame, the two ends of a rotating screw rod are arranged in inner holes in the two opposite sides of the mounting frame, a set screw is arranged on the mounting frame, and the height of the center of the rotating screw rod is equal to that of the height center of the supporting rod; the rotary screw rod is fixedly provided with a laser range finder through a nut and a clamping column; one end of the laser range finder is provided with a vertical laser head, a detection laser head and a horizontal laser head which are arranged in sequence, and one side of the laser range finder is provided with an angle pointer; the device has the advantages of being simple and convenient to operate and accurate in measured data, can improve the detection efficiency and ensure the detection effectiveness, provides reliable basis for adjusting the alignment tolerance of a cone and a cylinder or calculating the welding seam strength, and is good in practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a measuring device, in particular to a device for measuring the misalignment of annular seams of unequal thickness between a cone and a cylinder of a container. Background Art

[0002] When operating, pressure vessels face challenges of high temperature, high pressure, and corrosive and highly toxic media. Figure 12 As shown, some pressure vessels use cones 31 and cylinders 32 connected by unequal thickness circumferential welds. This type of weld structure is subject to greater stress, and cylinder 32 is mostly processed by coil welding and cold working, while cone 31 is mostly welded by piece pressing and assembly. Since cylinder 32 and cone 31 themselves are elliptical and have relatively complex dimensions, when the ellipticity of cylinder 32 or cone 31 is large, there will be misalignment, which will cause insufficient local thickness of the weld and reduce the strength of the weld. Since the stress of the weld structure itself is large, and the local thickness of the weld is insufficient, the product is very easy to crack when running at high temperature, posing a safety hazard to the operation of the equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately measure the misalignment between the cone and the cylinder in order to reduce the misalignment before welding or to provide an accurate numerical basis for the calculation of weld strength.

[0003] Most containers have bevels inside and outside the cones and cylinders, and their thickness is uneven, making it difficult to detect the misalignment of the circumferential seams between the cones and cylinders. Existing methods for measuring the misalignment of the circumferential seams between cones and cylinders mainly use mechanical and optical measurements. Mechanical measurement, such as using thickness gauges and calipers, relies on manual operation and is easily affected by inaccurate equipment positioning and operator errors. It is difficult to obtain accurate data, especially under conditions of complex shapes and unequal thicknesses. Optical measurement uses optical projection or imaging equipment to capture data. Although it can avoid some mechanical operation errors, it has high requirements for equipment accuracy and the measurement environment. In actual engineering, especially under high temperature and high pressure environments, the stability and measurement accuracy of optical equipment are difficult to guarantee. Therefore, it is difficult to effectively detect the misalignment of the cones and cylinders, and it is impossible to determine the minimum value of the weld, which makes it impossible to ensure that the weld meets the ultimate load-bearing value. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present utility model is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and provide a device for measuring the misalignment of circumferential seams of unequal thickness between cones and cylinders. The device has the advantages of simple and convenient operation and accurate measurement data, can improve detection efficiency and ensure the effectiveness of detection, and provides a reliable basis for adjusting the misalignment between cones and cylinders or for calculating weld strength, and has good practicality.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a device for measuring the misalignment of annular seams of unequal thickness between a cone and a cylinder, comprising a magnetic base, the magnetic base being provided with a permanent magnet pole and a magnetic base switch; characterized in that: one end of a support rod is fixedly connected to the magnetic base, the width center of the support rod coincides with the width center of the magnetic base, the other end of the support rod is fixedly connected to a mounting frame, an angle scale is provided on the mounting frame by a screw, two ends of a rotating screw are arranged in inner holes on opposite sides of the mounting frame, a fixing screw for fixing the rotating screw is provided on the mounting frame, the center of the rotating screw is at the same height as the height center of the support rod; a nut and a fixed clamping column are axially provided on the rotating screw, a laser rangefinder is fixed on the rotating screw between the nut and the clamping column, and the laser rangefinder is connected to the rotating screw by a key; one end of the laser rangefinder is provided with a vertical laser head, a detection laser head and a horizontal laser head arranged in sequence along the longitudinal center line of the end face, and an angle pointer concentric with the angle scale is provided on one side of the laser rangefinder by a screw.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, a width centerline is provided on the end surface of the magnetic base; a height centerline is provided on the side surface of the support rod, and a width centerline is provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the support rod; this facilitates the alignment of related parts;

[0007] When using, (1) place the magnetic base and support rod parallel to the cone surface along the generatrix of the cone; (2) adjust the angle dial so that the 0° line on it coincides with the height center line of the support rod and fix the dial;

[0008] (3) Adjust the angle pointer so that its center line coincides with the center line of the detection laser head, and fix the angle pointer;

[0009] (4) Turn the rotating screw and ensure that the rotation angle is equal to the cone angle α through the angle pointer and the angle dial; turn on the vertical laser head and axially move the position of the rotating screw. When the vertical laser coincides with the width center scale line of the magnetic base, mark that the longitudinal center line of the end face of one end of the laser rangefinder coincides with the width center scale line of the support rod, and then fix the rotating screw with the set screw;

[0010] (5) Move the magnetic base along the generatrix of the cone and turn on the horizontal laser head. When the horizontal laser coincides with the horizontal reference line pre-set on the cylinder, turn the magnetic base switch to turn on the magnetic force and fix the magnetic base on the cone.

[0011] (6) Fixed measurement: The vertical height H0 between the center line of the support arm and the surface of the cone, the height distance H1 between the center line of the horizontal laser head and the detection laser head, the height distance H2 between the horizontal reference line on the cylinder and the center of the weld, and the distance L0 between the center of the rotating screw and the laser beam measurement zero point of the detection laser head are all fixed values ​​and can be measured;

[0012] (7) Laser measurement: The distance L1 between the laser beam zero point and the cylinder is measured by detecting the laser head;

[0013] (8) Calculation: T1 is the cylinder, T2 is the thickness of the cone. According to the geometric relationship, the actual misalignment C of the unequal thickness annular seam between the cone and the cylinder can be calculated using the above parameters;

[0014] By using the measuring device at equal intervals on the circumference of the cone, the actual misalignment C between the cone and the cylinder on the entire circumference can be obtained; when the actual misalignment C is a positive value, it indicates that the cone is convex; when the actual misalignment C is a negative value, it indicates that the cylinder is convex; if the actual misalignment C between the cone and the cylinder is measured before welding, the relative position of the cone and the cylinder can be adjusted accordingly to reduce the actual misalignment C; if the actual misalignment C between the cone and the cylinder is measured after welding, the weld thickness value C-T2 can be calculated accordingly, providing a reliable basis for weld strength calculation; the utility model is easy to locate and operate, has the advantages of simple and convenient operation and accurate measurement data, can improve detection efficiency and ensure the effectiveness of detection, does not require high equipment accuracy, can be used for workpieces with complex shapes, and has good practicality;

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the magnetic base is provided with a through hole, one end of the support rod is placed in the through hole, and a clamping screw is provided on the magnetic base to fasten one end of the support rod; the relative position of the support rod and the magnetic base can be adjusted;

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, one of the inner holes of the mounting frame is a blind hole, which facilitates the control of the displacement of the rotating screw.

[0017] In summary, the utility model has the advantages of simple and convenient operation and accurate measurement data, can improve detection efficiency and ensure the effectiveness of detection, provide a reliable basis for adjusting the misalignment between the cone and the cylinder or for calculating the weld strength, and has good practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is the front view of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of .

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of the rotating screw and laser rangefinder.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Left view of .

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Front view of the rotating screw connected to the laser rangefinder.

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Top view of .

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Right view of .

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 1 Left side view of the center magnetic base.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a front view of the embodiment of the utility model in use.

[0027] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged view of the rotating screw and laser rangefinder.

[0028] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Front view of the relative angle between the middle support rod and the angle dial.

[0029] Figure 12 This is the main view of the existing pressure vessel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, a device for measuring the misalignment of annular seams of unequal thickness between cones and cylinders of this embodiment comprises a magnetic base 1 and a support rod 5. The magnetic base 1 is provided with a permanent magnet pole 2 and a magnetic base switch 3. The magnetic base 1 is provided with a through hole. One end of the support rod 5 is placed in the through hole. Two clamping screws 4 for fastening one end of the support rod are provided on the magnetic base 1. The width center of the support rod 5 coincides with the width center of the magnetic base 1; the other end of the support rod 5 is welded and fixedly connected to a mounting frame 6, and an angle dial 7 is provided on the mounting frame 6 through a screw. The two ends of a rotating screw 8 are provided in blind holes 9 and an inner hole on opposite sides of the mounting frame 6. A set screw 11 for fixing the rotating screw 8 is provided on the mounting frame 6 through a threaded hole. The center of the rotating screw 8 is at the same height as the height center of the support rod 5. The rotating screw 8 and the angle dial coincide with each other. The degree scale disk 7 is concentric; the rotating screw 8 is provided with a nut 12 and a fixed clamping column 13 through a thread along the axial direction; a laser rangefinder 14 is fixed on the rotating screw 8 between the nut 12 and the clamping column 13, and the laser rangefinder 14 is connected to the rotating screw 8 by a key 15; one end of the laser rangefinder 14 is provided with a vertical laser head 16, a detection laser head 17 and a horizontal laser head 18 arranged in sequence along the longitudinal center line 24 of the end face; an angle pointer 19 concentric with the angle scale disk 7 is provided on one side of the laser rangefinder 14 through a screw, and the rotating screw 8 passes through the angle scale disk 7 and the angle pointer 19; a width center line 21 is provided on the end face of the magnetic base 1; a height center line 22 is provided on the side of the support rod 5, and a width center line 23 is provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the support rod 5.

[0032] like Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 As shown, for the assembled or welded cone 31 and cylinder 32, the thickness of the cylinder 32 is T1, the thickness of the cone 31 is T2, and the cone angle α of the cone 31 is 75°. When using the utility model, 1) the magnetic base 1 and the support rod 5 are placed on the surface of the cone 31 parallel to the generatrix of the cone 31, and the width centerline 23 of the support rod 5 coincides with the width centerline 21 of the magnetic base 1; 2) the angle scale 7 is adjusted so that its upper 0° line coincides with the height centerline 22 of the support rod 5, and the angle scale 7 is fixed to the mounting frame 6; 3) the angle pointer 19 is adjusted so that its centerline coincides with the centerline of the detection laser head 17, and the angle pointer 19 is fixed to the side of the laser rangefinder 14;

[0033] (4) Turn the rotating screw 8 and drive the laser rangefinder 14 to rotate synchronously through the key 15. The angle pointer 19 cooperates with the angle scale 7 to make the rotation angle equal to the cone angle α: 75°; turn on the vertical laser head 16 and axially move the position of the rotating screw 8. When the vertical laser coincides with the width center scale line 21 of the magnetic base 1, it indicates that the longitudinal center line 24 of the end face of one end of the laser rangefinder 14 coincides with the width center scale line 23 of the support rod 5. Then fix the rotating screw 8 with the set screw 11;

[0034] (5) Move the magnetic base 1 along the generatrix direction of the cone 31, turn on the horizontal laser head 18, and when the horizontal laser coincides with the horizontal reference line 33 pre-set on the cylinder 32, turn the magnetic base switch 3 to turn on the magnetic force and fix the magnetic base 1 on the cone 31;

[0035] (6) Fixed measurement: After the magnetic base 1 is fixed, the vertical height H0 between the center line 22 of the support arm and the surface of the cone 31, the height distance H1 between the center line of the horizontal laser head 18 and the center line of the detection laser head 17, the height distance H2 between the horizontal reference line 33 on the cylinder 32 and the center of the weld, and the distance L0 between the center of the rotating screw 8 and the laser beam measurement zero point of the detection laser head 17 are all fixed values ​​and can be measured;

[0036] (7) Laser measurement: The distance L1 between the laser beam measurement zero point and the cylinder 32 is measured by detecting the laser head 17;

[0037] (8) Calculation: Based on the geometric relationship, the theoretical misalignment C0 of the unequal thickness annular gap between the cone and the cylinder can be calculated using the following formula:

[0038] The actual misalignment C between the cone and the cylinder is calculated using the following formula:

[0039] ;

[0040] Repeat the above steps and use the measuring device at equal intervals on the circumference of the cone 31 to obtain the actual misalignment C of multiple points of the cone 31 and the cylinder 32 on the entire circumference; this device uses the center of the rotating screw 8 as the measurement base point. According to the geometric relationship, it can be seen that the vertical distance L0+L1 from the base point to the horizontal direction of the outer circle of the cylinder 32 is deducted from the horizontal projection value of the vertical height H0 of the support arm height center line 22 where the measurement base point is located and the surface of the cone 31, and the extension line of the cone generatrix between the weld position and the detection position (corresponding to the height difference H2 -H1) in the horizontal direction and the sum of the corresponding horizontal value and the theoretical misalignment C0 can be used to obtain the actual misalignment C; when the actual misalignment C is a positive value, it indicates that the cone 31 is convex; when the actual misalignment C is a negative value, it indicates that the cylinder 32 is convex; if the actual misalignment C of the cone and the cylinder is measured before welding, the relative position of the cone and the cylinder can be adjusted accordingly to reduce the actual misalignment C; if the actual misalignment C of the cone and the cylinder is measured after welding, the weld thickness value C-T2 can be calculated based on this, providing a reliable basis for weld strength calculation; the utility model is easy to locate and operate, has the advantages of simple and convenient operation and accurate measurement data, can improve detection efficiency and ensure the effectiveness of detection, does not require high equipment accuracy, can be used for workpieces with complex shapes, and has good practicality;

[0041] The relative position of the support rod 5 and the magnetic base 1 can be adjusted by tightening the screw 4; through the blind hole, it is convenient to control the displacement of the rotating screw;

[0042] The relative position of the support rod and the magnetic base can be adjusted; the displacement of the rotating screw 8 can be easily controlled through the blind hole 9;

[0043] The above embodiments have been used for illustration, but it should be understood that the above embodiments are only used for the purpose of example and description, and are not intended to limit the present invention to the scope of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the misalignment of annular seams of unequal thickness between cones and cylinders, comprising a magnetic base having permanent magnet poles and a magnetic base switch; characterized in that: One end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the magnetic base, and the width center of the support rod coincides with the width center of the magnetic base. The other end of the support rod is fixedly connected to a mounting frame, and an angle dial is provided on the mounting frame by screws. Two ends of a rotating screw are provided in inner holes on opposite sides of the mounting frame, and a fixing screw for fixing the rotating screw is provided on the mounting frame, and the center of the rotating screw is at the same height as the height center of the support rod; the rotating screw is axially provided with a nut and a fixed clamping column, and a laser rangefinder is fixed on the rotating screw between the nut and the clamping column, and the laser rangefinder is connected to the rotating screw by a key; one end of the laser rangefinder is provided with an end face longitudinal center line, and one end of the laser rangefinder is provided with a vertical laser head, a detection laser head and a horizontal laser head arranged in sequence along the end face longitudinal center line, and an angle pointer concentric with the angle dial is provided on one side of the laser rangefinder by a screw.

2. The device for measuring the misalignment of annular seams of unequal thickness between cones and cylinders according to claim 1, characterized in that: A width center line is provided on the end surface of the magnetic base; a height center line is provided on the side surface of the support rod, and width center lines are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the support rod.

3. A device for measuring the misalignment of annular seams of unequal thickness between cones and cylinders according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The magnetic base is provided with a through hole, one end of the support rod is placed in the through hole, and the magnetic base is provided with a clamping screw for fastening one end of the support rod.

4. A device for measuring the misalignment of annular seams of unequal thickness between cones and cylinders according to claim 3, characterized in that: One of the inner holes of the installation frame is a blind hole.

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