Bipolar cell and battery comprising same

Abstract

The utility model provides a bipolar cell and a battery comprising the same. The bipolar cell comprises a plurality of bipolar electrode plates, and each bipolar electrode plate is composed of a bipolar current collector, a positive electrode material layer and a negative electrode material layer, wherein the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer are located on the two sides of the bipolar current collector respectively; the solid electrolyte layer is positioned between two adjacent bipolar electrode plates; the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are respectively positioned at two ends; and the short-circuit-preventing insulating ring is of a hollow annular structure, is positioned between two adjacent bipolar electrode plates, is positioned on the edge of one of the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer with the smaller size, and surrounds the one with the smaller size. The multiple bipolar electrode plates are stacked in the same direction, the positive electrode material layer of one bipolar electrode plate is opposite to the negative electrode material layer of another bipolar electrode plate, and a solid electrolyte layer is arranged between the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a bipolar battery cell and a battery containing the same. Background Art

[0002] Solid-state batteries are a new type of battery technology that focuses on the application and improvement of solid-state electrolytes and innovations in overall battery structure. They offer significant advantages over traditional liquid batteries in terms of safety, energy density, and cycle life.

[0003] Patent CN107452985B discloses a solid-state battery manufacturing method. Multiple layers of current collector, positive electrode mixture, solid electrolyte, and negative electrode mixture are stacked to form a laminated battery with two end faces and side surfaces in the stacking direction. To prevent short circuits between the positive and negative electrodes, a complex process is required to insulate the sides of the laminated battery with resin. This results in high production costs and requires further optimization of the production process. Utility Model Content

[0004] In response to these problems, the present invention provides a bipolar battery cell, which greatly simplifies the solid-state battery production process and fundamentally solves the problem of positive and negative electrode short circuit.

[0005] In one aspect, the present invention provides a bipolar battery cell, comprising:

[0006] A plurality of bipolar electrode sheets, each bipolar electrode sheet comprising a bipolar current collector and a positive electrode material layer and a negative electrode material layer respectively located on either side of the bipolar current collector;

[0007] a solid electrolyte layer, the solid electrolyte layer being located between two adjacent bipolar electrode sheets; and,

[0008] The positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are located at both ends respectively.

[0009] Among them, multiple bipolar electrode sheets are stacked in the same direction, and the positive electrode material layer of one bipolar electrode sheet is arranged opposite to the negative electrode material layer of another bipolar electrode sheet, but a solid electrolyte layer is arranged between the positive electrode material layer of one bipolar electrode sheet and the negative electrode material layer of another bipolar electrode sheet.

[0010] wherein one of the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer in the bipolar electrode sheet has a size smaller than that of the bipolar current collector, and

[0011] The bipolar battery cell further comprises an anti-short circuit insulating ring, which is a hollow ring-shaped structure and is located between two adjacent bipolar electrode sheets, at the edge of the smaller one of the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer, and surrounds the smaller one.

[0012] Optionally, the anti-short-circuit insulating ring is in the shape of a circular ring or a rectangular ring.

[0013] Optionally, the overall size of the smaller one of the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer and the anti-short circuit insulating ring surrounding the smaller one is no larger than the size of the bipolar current collector.

[0014] Optionally, the size of the solid electrolyte layer is not smaller than the smaller one of the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer, but not larger than the overall size of the smaller one of the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer and the anti-short circuit insulation ring surrounding it.

[0015] Optionally, the solid electrolyte layer has the same size as the smaller one of the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer, and the anti-short circuit insulating ring surrounds the solid electrolyte layer and the smaller one of the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer.

[0016] Optionally, the positive electrode material layer has a size smaller than that of the bipolar current collector, the anti-short circuit insulating ring surrounds the positive electrode material layer, and the thickness of the anti-short circuit insulating ring is not greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the positive electrode material layer and the solid electrolyte layer.

[0017] Optionally, the negative electrode material layer has a size smaller than that of the bipolar current collector, the anti-short circuit insulating ring surrounds the negative electrode material layer, and the thickness of the anti-short circuit insulating ring is not greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the negative electrode material layer and the solid electrolyte layer.

[0018] Optionally, the positive electrode sheet is composed of a positive electrode material layer and a positive electrode current collector, and a solid electrolyte layer is provided between the positive electrode material layer of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode material layer of the adjacent bipolar electrode sheet.

[0019] Optionally, the negative electrode sheet is composed of a negative electrode material layer and a negative electrode current collector, and a solid electrolyte layer is provided between the negative electrode material layer of the negative electrode sheet and the positive electrode material layer of the adjacent bipolar electrode sheet.

[0020] Optionally, the positive current collector in the positive electrode sheet directly serves as the positive electrode connection terminal of the battery cell.

[0021] Optionally, the negative current collector in the negative electrode sheet directly serves as the negative electrode connection terminal of the battery cell.

[0022] Optionally, the solid electrolyte includes an inorganic solid electrolyte (such as an oxide solid electrolyte, a sulfide solid electrolyte), a polymer solid electrolyte, or a composite electrolyte (such as a composite electrolyte of an oxide and a polymer).

[0023] Optionally, the polymer electrolyte material includes lithium polyacrylate (LiPAA), polyethylene oxide (PEO) and an electrolyte formed by a composite thereof with a lithium salt.

[0024] The utility model also provides a battery, which comprises: the above-mentioned bipolar battery core; a positive terminal; a negative terminal; a battery shell; and a battery core insulation layer located between the bipolar battery core and the battery shell.

[0025] Optionally, the positive terminal is electrically connected to a positive electrode collector in a bipolar high-voltage battery cell; and the negative terminal is electrically connected to a negative electrode collector in a bipolar high-voltage battery cell.

[0026] Optionally, the high-voltage battery further includes a pressurizing structure, and the pressurizing structure is used to apply pressure to the bipolar battery cell.

[0027] Optionally, the high voltage battery is a solid-state battery.

[0028] This utility model uses an anti-short-circuit insulating ring to completely surround either the positive or negative electrode material layer in the bipolar electrode sheet in the circumferential direction, thus preventing short circuits between the positive and negative active materials. The bipolar battery cell of this utility model includes multiple bipolar electrode sheets. Assuming the voltage of a single bipolar electrode sheet is 3.7V, the voltage of the bipolar battery cell of this utility model is an integer multiple of 3.7V. The voltage of the entire bipolar battery cell can be adjusted by adjusting the number of bipolar electrode sheets. This not only achieves high voltage, but also makes the voltage designable and adjustable.

[0029] The utility model has at least the following advantages:

[0030] 1. The anti-short-circuit insulating ring completely surrounds either the positive electrode material layer or the negative electrode material layer in the bipolar electrode sheet in the circumferential direction, fundamentally avoiding the short circuit of the positive and negative electrode active materials;

[0031] 2. The bipolar battery cell of the utility model is used to assemble the battery, which has a simple and convenient structure;

[0032] 3. The voltage can be designed. The number of bipolar electrode sheets in the battery cell can be adjusted as needed, so that the battery voltage can be designed to be an integer multiple of the single electrode sheet, thus achieving battery cell voltage design;

[0033] 4. The battery voltage is high. The bipolar high-voltage battery cell of the utility model is a series stacked structure, which has the advantage of high voltage compared with traditional batteries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the bipolar battery cell of the present utility model.

[0035] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the battery of the present utility model.

[0036] Description of the figure number:

[0037] 100 Bipolar battery cell; 110 Positive electrode sheet; 111 Positive current collector; 112 Positive electrode material layer; 120 Negative electrode sheet; 121 Negative current collector; 122 Negative electrode material layer; 130 Bipolar electrode sheet; 131 Bipolar current collector; 140 Solid electrolyte layer; 150 Anti-short-circuit insulating ring; 200 Battery; 210 Battery case; 220 Positive terminal; 230 Negative terminal; 240 Terminal insulating ring; 250 Terminal elastomer; 260 Battery cell insulating layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the bipolar battery cell of the utility model. Figure 1 As shown, bipolar battery cell 100 includes a positive electrode sheet 110, a negative electrode sheet 120, multiple bipolar electrode sheets 130, a solid electrolyte layer 140, and an anti-short circuit insulating ring 150. Positive electrode sheet 110 is composed of a positive current collector 111 and a positive electrode material layer 112; negative electrode sheet 120 is composed of a negative current collector 121 and a negative electrode material layer 122; and bipolar electrode sheet 130 is composed of a bipolar current collector 131 and a positive electrode material layer 112 and a negative electrode material layer 122 located on either side of bipolar current collector 131, respectively.

[0040] Depend on Figure 1It can be seen that the multiple bipolar electrode sheets 130 in the bipolar high-voltage battery cell 100 are stacked in the same direction, that is, the positive electrode material layer 112 in one bipolar electrode sheet 130 is arranged opposite to the negative electrode material layer 122 in the adjacent bipolar electrode sheet 130, but a solid electrolyte layer 140 is arranged between the positive electrode material layer 112 and the negative electrode material layer 122. The positive electrode sheet 110 and the negative electrode sheet 120 in the bipolar high-voltage battery cell 100 are respectively arranged at the two ends of multiple bipolar electrode sheets 130; the positive electrode material layer 112 in the positive electrode sheet 110 is arranged opposite to the negative electrode material layer 122 in the bipolar electrode sheet 130, but a solid electrolyte layer 140 is arranged between the positive electrode material layer 112 and the negative electrode material layer 122; the negative electrode material layer 122 in the negative electrode sheet 120 is arranged opposite to the positive electrode material layer 112 in the bipolar electrode sheet 130, but a solid electrolyte layer 140 is arranged between the negative electrode material layer 122 and the positive electrode material layer 112.

[0041] In this embodiment, the negative electrode material layer 122 in the bipolar electrode sheet 130 is smaller than the bipolar current collector 131; the positive electrode material layer 112 in the bipolar electrode sheet 130 is the same size as the bipolar current collector 131. In this embodiment, the solid electrolyte layer 140 is the same size as the negative electrode material layer 122 in the bipolar electrode sheet 130. The anti-short circuit insulating ring 150 surrounds the solid electrolyte layer 140 and the negative electrode material layer 122 in the bipolar electrode sheet 130, effectively preventing the risk of short circuits between the positive electrode material layer 112 and the negative electrode material layer 122 in the bipolar high-voltage battery cell 100.

[0042] In some other embodiments, the size of the positive electrode material layer 112 in the bipolar electrode sheet 130 may be smaller than the size of the bipolar current collector 131, the solid electrolyte layer 140 may have the same size as the positive electrode material layer 112, and the anti-short circuit insulating ring 150 may surround the positive electrode material layer and the solid electrolyte layer 140.

[0043] In certain other embodiments, only the negative electrode material layer 122 in the bipolar electrode sheet 130 may be smaller than the bipolar current collector 131, and the size of the solid electrolyte layer 140 may be the same as the size of the bipolar current collector 131 in the bipolar electrode sheet 130. The short-circuit prevention insulating ring 150 surrounds only the negative electrode material layer 122 in the bipolar electrode sheet 130.

[0044] In certain other embodiments, only the positive electrode material layer 112 in the bipolar electrode sheet 130 may be smaller than the bipolar current collector 131, and the size of the solid electrolyte layer 140 may be the same as the size of the bipolar current collector 131 in the bipolar electrode sheet 130. The anti-short circuit insulating ring 150 surrounds only the positive electrode material layer 112 in the bipolar electrode sheet 130.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the bipolar high voltage battery cell 100 includes five bipolar electrode sheets 130. This is for illustration only. In some other embodiments, the number of bipolar electrode sheets 130 can be determined according to the required voltage, and can be multiple.

[0046] like Figure 2 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of a battery according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the battery 200 comprises a bipolar battery cell 100, a battery housing 210, a positive terminal 220, a negative terminal 230, a terminal insulator 240, a terminal elastic body 250, and a battery cell insulation layer 260. The bipolar battery cell 100 is any of the aforementioned batteries according to the present invention. A battery cell insulation layer 260 is provided around the circumference of the bipolar battery cell 100 to prevent a short circuit between the bipolar battery cell 100 and the battery housing 210. The negative electrode current collector 121 in the bipolar battery cell 100 is electrically connected to the negative terminal 230, and the positive electrode current collector 111 in the bipolar battery cell 100 is electrically connected to the positive terminal 220 via the terminal elastic body 250. A terminal insulation ring 240 is also provided between the positive terminal 220 and the battery housing 210 to prevent a short circuit between the positive terminal 220 and the battery housing 210. The battery core insulation layer 260 may be a glue-type material with electrical insulation properties, or a film-type material with electrical insulation properties.

[0047] The battery 200 described in this embodiment is packaged as a cylindrical battery using a battery housing 210. In some other embodiments, the battery 200 may be packaged in a soft-pack battery structure or a square-shell battery structure.

[0048] In this embodiment, the positive electrode of the battery is led out by electrically connecting the terminal elastic body 250 to the positive current collector 111 and the positive terminal 220. In some other embodiments, the positive current collector 111 can directly serve as the positive terminal 220, or the positive current collector 111 can directly be electrically connected to the positive terminal 220.

[0049] It should be understood that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bipolar battery cell, characterized in that: The bipolar battery cell comprises: A plurality of bipolar electrode sheets, each bipolar electrode sheet comprising a bipolar current collector and a positive electrode material layer and a negative electrode material layer respectively located on either side of the bipolar current collector; a solid electrolyte layer, the solid electrolyte layer being located between two adjacent bipolar electrode sheets; and, The positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are located at both ends respectively. Among them, multiple bipolar electrode sheets are stacked in the same direction, and the positive electrode material layer of one bipolar electrode sheet is arranged opposite to the negative electrode material layer of another bipolar electrode sheet, but a solid electrolyte layer is arranged between the positive electrode material layer of one bipolar electrode sheet and the negative electrode material layer of another bipolar electrode sheet. wherein one of the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer in the bipolar electrode sheet has a size smaller than that of the bipolar current collector, and The bipolar battery cell further comprises an anti-short circuit insulating ring, which is a hollow ring-shaped structure and is located between two adjacent bipolar electrode sheets, at the edge of the smaller one of the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer, and surrounds the smaller one.

2. The bipolar battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-short circuit insulating ring is in the shape of a circular ring or a rectangular ring.

3. The bipolar battery cell according to claim 1, wherein: The positive electrode material layer has a size smaller than that of the bipolar current collector, the anti-short circuit insulation ring surrounds the positive electrode material layer, and the thickness of the anti-short circuit insulation ring is not greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the positive electrode material layer and the solid electrolyte layer.

4. The bipolar battery cell according to claim 1, wherein: The negative electrode material layer has a size smaller than that of the bipolar current collector, the anti-short circuit insulation ring surrounds the negative electrode material layer, and the thickness of the anti-short circuit insulation ring is not greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the negative electrode material layer and the solid electrolyte layer.

5. The bipolar battery cell according to claim 1, wherein: The solid electrolyte layer has the same size as the smaller one of the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer, and the short circuit prevention insulating ring surrounds the solid electrolyte layer and the smaller one of the positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer.

6. The bipolar battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive electrode sheet is composed of a positive electrode material layer and a positive electrode current collector, and a solid electrolyte layer is provided between the positive electrode material layer of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode material layer of the adjacent bipolar electrode sheet.

7. The bipolar battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative electrode sheet is composed of a negative electrode material layer and a negative electrode current collector, and a solid electrolyte layer is provided between the negative electrode material layer of the negative electrode sheet and the positive electrode material layer of the adjacent bipolar electrode sheet.

8. A battery, characterized in that: The battery comprises: a bipolar battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7; a positive terminal; a negative terminal; a battery casing; and a battery cell insulation layer located between the bipolar battery cell and the battery casing.

9. The battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The positive terminal is electrically connected to the positive electrode collector in the bipolar battery cell; the negative terminal is electrically connected to the negative electrode collector in the bipolar battery cell.

10. The battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The battery further comprises a pressurizing structure, which is used to apply pressure to the bipolar battery cell.

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