Large rolling bearing raceway surface quenching clamping device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a large rolling bearing raceway surface quenching clamping device which comprises a supporting disc, a gasket, an outer ring clamp, an outer ring fixing bolt, an inner ring pressing plate, a flat washer, an inner ring fixing bolt and an inner ring cushion block, and the two end faces of the supporting disc are a step face I and a step face II respectively; when the outer ring is clamped, a plurality of gaskets are placed upwards on the step surface I; an outer ring clamp is provided with an outer ring fixing bolt, an outer ring is placed on the base plate, an outer ring clamp top plate is pressed on the top of the outer ring, and the outer ring fixing bolt abuts against the step face II; when the inner ring is clamped, the step surface II faces upwards, and a plurality of inner ring fixing bolts are arranged at the topmost part of the step surface II; a plurality of base plates are placed on the edge plane of the step surface II; the inner ring is placed on the base plates; one end of an inner ring pressing plate is placed at the top of the inner ring, and the other end of the inner ring pressing plate is placed at the tops of the inner ring cushion blocks; the inner ring fixing bolt penetrates through the inner ring pressing plate and the flat washer. The utility model solves the problem of clamping in the process of strengthening the surface of a raceway of a large rolling bearing part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a large-scale rolling bearing raceway surface quenching clamping device, belonging to the technical field of mechanical processing. Background Art

[0002] In the artillery and machinery industries, bearings play an important role in transmission mechanisms and are a commonly used component. Their primary function is to support rotating parts, reduce friction during movement, and ensure rotational accuracy.

[0003] Large rolling bearings, with diameters up to 10 meters, are precision mechanical components that convert sliding friction between a rotating shaft and its seat into rolling friction, thereby reducing friction losses. Rolling bearings generally consist of four parts: an inner ring, an outer ring, rolling elements, and a retaining bracket. The inner ring mates with and rotates with the upper half of the mechanical structure; the outer ring mates with the lower half of the mechanical structure, providing support and fixation. The retaining bracket evenly distributes the rolling elements between the inner and outer rings, preventing them from falling off and guiding them to rotate and lubricate. Large rolling bearings are widely used in various industries, but are particularly crucial components in the artillery industry.

[0004] Large slewing bearings used in artillery have a diameter of approximately 3 meters and typically feature a ball and raceway structure. During operation, these bearings primarily bear the weight of the upper portion of the machine, providing support while the balls and raceways move relative to each other to complete the rotational motion. To ensure smooth rotation, prevent jamming, and extend the life of the raceways, the raceways undergo surface hardening. This hardening often involves medium-frequency induction quenching to increase the raceway surface hardness. Surface hardening typically utilizes continuous heating and cooling with a quenching fluid spray. During the quenching process, the parts rotate at a constant speed, requiring them to be clamped on a rotating machine tool.

[0005] These parts have the following difficulties during the clamping process:

[0006] 1. There are problems with directly using the equipment’s own clamping claws or chucks

[0007] Large rolling bearings are used in large machinery. Due to the limitation of the overall weight of the machinery, such bearings generally adopt a weight-reducing design. The parts are characterized by large diameter, thin wall thickness and small height. If the rotating equipment's built-in clamping jaws are directly used for clamping, the radial clamping force is large, which will cause the parts to deform. During the quenching and rotating heating process, the distance between the parts and the sensor will be unequal, resulting in uneven hardness and depth of the hardened layer. It cannot meet the surface strengthening requirements. In addition, once the roundness direction is deformed, it is difficult to correct.

[0008] 2. Deformation control during quenching

[0009] This type of rolling bearing has a small height, thin wall thickness, a large raceway quenching surface, and a deep hardened layer depth, so the heating power is high. During the quenching heating and cooling process, the parts are subjected to high stress, which can cause significant deformation during the strengthening process. The deformation trend occurs not only in the roundness direction, but also in the flatness direction. Therefore, the clamping device must not only consider the reasonable fixation of the parts, but also fully consider the possible control of part deformation.

[0010] The traditional equipment clamping method of jaws and chucks requires direct clamping of parts. The outer ring can only clamp the outer circle, but the contact surface size of the clampable part of the outer circle is small, and the force applied for clamping is difficult to control. The inner ring can only clamp the inner circle, but the wall thickness is thin, and large deformation will occur in the roundness direction, resulting in an elliptical part. No matter how the jaws and chucks are clamped, deformation in the plane direction cannot be guaranteed. This clamping method cannot meet the use requirements of such parts, whether it affects the quenching and strengthening process or the final part quality. Utility Model Content

[0011] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the utility model provides a large rolling bearing raceway surface quenching clamping device, which solves the clamping problem in the raceway surface strengthening process of large rolling bearing parts, and effectively controls and reduces the deformation of parts, meets the use requirements of parts, ensures the quality of parts, and reduces the difficulty of operation.

[0012] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is: a large rolling bearing raceway surface quenching clamping device, comprising a support plate, a gasket, an outer ring clamp, an outer ring fixing bolt, an inner ring pressure plate, a flat gasket, an inner ring fixing bolt and an inner ring pad, the support plate is a circular ring-shaped workpiece, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the support plate are both stepped surfaces, namely step surface I and step surface II; when clamping the outer ring of the large rolling bearing, the support plate is placed with the step surface I facing upward, and a plurality of gaskets are evenly spaced at the uppermost position of the step surface I; the outer ring clamp is in the shape of the letter C, the openings of the outer ring clamp are all facing the outer circle of the support plate, a vertical outer ring fixing bolt is threadedly connected to the horizontal bottom plate of the outer ring clamp, the top plate of the outer ring clamp is hook-shaped, the outer ring is placed on the gasket, the top plate of the outer ring clamp is pressed on the top of the outer ring, the outer ring fixing bolt presses against the step surface II of the support plate, and the support plate and the outer ring are fixed by the outer ring clamp and the outer ring fixing bolt.

[0013] When clamping the inner ring of a large rolling bearing, the support plate is placed with the step surface II facing upward. Several threaded holes are evenly spaced at the top of the step surface II, and each threaded hole is threadedly connected to a vertical inner ring fixing bolt; several evenly spaced pads are placed on the edge plane of the step surface II, and the inner ring is placed on the pads; on the side of each inner ring fixing bolt away from the inner ring, several evenly spaced inner ring gaskets are placed on the step surface II, one end of the inner ring pressure plate is placed on the top of the inner ring, and the other end is placed on the top of the inner ring gasket; the inner ring fixing bolts pass through the flat washers and the rectangular holes on the inner ring pressure plate, and the support plate and the inner ring are fixed by the inner ring pressure plate, the inner ring gasket and the inner ring fixing bolts.

[0014] Furthermore, both the inner circle and the outer circle of the support plate are knurled.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner ring gasket is a rectangular block, which is placed on the support plate. After placement, the upper plane of the inner ring gasket is at the same height as the upper plane of the inner ring.

[0016] Furthermore, there are 20 gaskets, outer ring clamps, outer ring fixing bolts, inner ring pressure plates, flat washers, inner ring fixing bolts and inner ring spacers.

[0017] Furthermore, when the outer ring is clamped, the inner surface of the outer ring clamp contacts the outer ring and the outer circle of the support plate and is close to each other.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention meets the requirements of product parts, improves product quality, has low manufacturing difficulty, is highly operable, and can simultaneously meet the production of two parts; the structure of this clamping device can also be used for bearing outer rings and inner rings of other sizes, and has now been successfully applied to multiple products of the company; it abandons the traditional equipment-provided clamping method of claws or chucks, and adopts a combined structure of support plates, pressure plates, pads and clips, a plane support, and a multi-point simultaneous fixed clamping design to ensure that the parts are highly coaxial with the equipment's rotating axis, and while realizing the rotation function, a fixing force is applied to the upper and lower surfaces of the parts to control the deformation of the parts and ensure the implementation of the quenching process.

[0019] During use, the raceway surface bears the greatest force. This surface not only bears the gravity of the upper mechanical structure, but also rotates and bears the friction of the balls during rotation. Therefore, the quality of raceway surface hardening directly affects the service life of these bearings, and clamping and deformation control during the surface hardening process are key issues. The design and application of this large rolling bearing raceway surface hardening clamping device will effectively increase part clamping speed, reduce operational difficulty, and improve product quality. This clamping device can be applied to the design of clamping devices for similar large bearing parts, playing an important role in ensuring quality and improving production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the utility model when clamping the outer ring.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the utility model when clamping the inner ring.

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the support plate of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the A-A section.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the outer ring clip of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the inner ring pressure plate of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the outer ring raceway surface quenching.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the inner ring raceway surface quenching.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the outer circle.

[0030] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the inner circle.

[0031] Numbers in the figure:

[0032] 1. Support plate, 101. Step surface I, 102. Step surface II, 2. Gasket, 3. Outer ring clamp, 4. Outer ring fixing bolt, 5. Inner ring pressure plate, 501, rectangular hole, 6. Flat washer, 7. Inner ring fixing bolt, 8. Inner ring spacer, 9. Outer ring, 10. Inner ring, 11. Machine tool equipment, 12. Equipment wheel, 13. Sensor, 14. Active rotating wheel, 15. Driven wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] like Figure 1As shown in FIG10, a large rolling bearing raceway surface quenching clamping device includes a support plate 1, a gasket 2, an outer ring clamp 3, an outer ring fixing bolt 4, an inner ring pressure plate 5, a flat washer 6, an inner ring fixing bolt 7 and an inner ring spacer 8. The support plate 1 is a circular workpiece with a thickness of 120 mm and a diameter of up to 2.8 m. The inner circle and the outer circle of the support plate 1 are both knurled; the upper and lower end surfaces of the support plate 1 are both step surfaces, namely step surface I 101 and step surface II 102; there are 20 gaskets 2, outer ring clamps 3, outer ring fixing bolts 4, inner ring pressure plates 5, flat washers 6, inner ring fixing bolts 7 and inner ring spacers 8.

[0034] When clamping the outer ring 9 of a large rolling bearing, the support plate 1 is placed with the step surface I101 facing upward, and a number of gaskets 2 are evenly spaced at the top of the step surface I101; the outer ring clamp 3 is in the shape of the letter C, and the openings of the outer ring clamp 3 are all facing the outer circle of the support plate 1. A vertical outer ring fixing bolt 4 is threaded on the horizontal bottom plate of the outer ring clamp 3, and the top plate of the outer ring clamp 3 is hook-shaped. The outer ring 9 is placed on the pad 2, and the top plate of the outer ring clamp 3 is pressed on the top of the outer ring 9. The outer ring fixing bolt 4 presses the step surface II102 of the support plate 1. The support plate 1 and the outer ring 9 are fixed by the outer ring clamp 3 and the outer ring fixing bolt 4. The inner surface of the outer ring clamp 3 contacts the outer ring 9 and the outer circle of the support plate 1 and is close to each other.

[0035] When clamping the inner ring 10 of a large rolling bearing, the support plate 1 is placed with the step surface II 102 facing upward. Several threaded holes are evenly spaced at the top of the step surface II 102, and a vertical inner ring fixing bolt 7 is threaded into each threaded hole. Several evenly spaced pads 2 are placed on the edge plane of the step surface II 102, and the inner ring 10 is placed on the pads 2. On the side of each inner ring fixing bolt 7 away from the inner ring 10, several evenly spaced inner ring gaskets 8 are placed on the step surface II 102. The inner ring gasket 8 is a rectangular block. One end of the inner ring pressure plate 5 is placed on the top of the inner ring 10, and the other end is placed on the top of the inner ring gasket 8. After placement, the upper plane of the inner ring gasket 8 is at the same height as the upper plane of the inner ring 10. The inner ring fixing bolt 7 fits through the flat washer 6 and the rectangular hole 501 on the inner ring pressure plate 5. The support plate 1 and the inner ring 10 are fixed together by the inner ring pressure plate 5, the inner ring gasket 8 and the inner ring fixing bolt 7.

[0036] The parts involved in this device are the outer ring 9 and inner ring 10 of the rolling bearing. During the installation process of various components, the inner and outer circles of the support plate 1 are knurled to increase friction and prevent slipping during rotation. The step surface I 101 and the step surface II 102 match the steps of the outer ring 9 and the inner ring 10 respectively. When the raceway of the outer ring 9 is quenched, the support plate 1, the gasket 2, the outer ring clamp 3 and the outer ring fixing bolt 4 are used in combination. There is one support plate and the remaining 20 sets. The support plate 1 is placed with the step surface I 101 facing upward. The 20 gaskets 2 are evenly placed at the top position of the step surface I 101. The outer ring 9 is placed on the gasket 2. The gasket 2 is used to create a gap between the support plate 1 and the outer ring to facilitate the lifting of the parts. The inner surface of the outer ring clamp 3 contacts the outer ring 9 and the outer circle of the support plate 1 and is close to it. The clamping position is the same as that of the gasket 2. After tightening the outer ring fixing bolt 4, the part is fixed.

[0037] When the raceway of the inner ring 10 is quenched, the support plate 1, gasket 2, inner ring pressure plate 5, flat washer 6, inner ring fixing bolt 7 and inner ring spacer 8 are used together. There is one support plate and the rest are 20 sets. The support plate 1 is placed with the step surface II 102 facing upward. The 20 gaskets 2 are evenly placed on the edge plane of the support plate 1. The inner ring 10 is placed on the gasket 2 to facilitate the lifting of the parts. The inner ring 10 and the inner ring spacer 8 support the inner ring pressure plate 5. After the inner ring fixing bolt 7 passes through the flat washer 6 and the inner ring pressure plate 5, it is screwed into the threaded holes evenly distributed on the support plate 1. As the inner ring fixing bolt 7 is tightened, the inner ring 10 is fixed.

[0038] During use, the support disc 1 is turned over to process the inner ring 9 and the outer ring 10 respectively, and the support disc 1 is successively installed on the machine tool 11 in two different directions, and the equipment runner 12 is clamped to the support disc 1. The position of the equipment runner 12 is adjustable; when the outer ring 9 is clamped, the equipment runner 12 is located on the inner side of the support disc 1; when the inner ring 10 is clamped, the equipment runner is located on the outer side of the support disc 1; after the outer ring 9 (or inner ring 10) and the spacer 2 are fixed on the support disc 1, the raceway quenching and strengthening can be carried out, and the machine tool 11 is turned on. Rotate and check the coaxiality of the outer ring 9 (or inner ring 10), and make slight adjustments at the same time to ensure that the outer ring 9 (or inner ring 10) rotates coaxially with the machine tool equipment 11 to ensure that the distance between the sensor 13 and the raceway is uniform; after clamping, the raceway surface quenching begins, the device drives the part to rotate, the sensor 13 scans the heated raceway surface, and completes the quenching and cooling at the same time. When the part rotates one circle, the surface quenching is completed, and the raceway quenching and strengthening is completed, keep the clamping state, and wait for the part to cool to room temperature, then remove the clamping device.

[0039] This clamping device has a total of 20 clamping points for parts, ensuring uniform clamping force on the parts and applying force in both radial and planar directions, which can effectively control deformation of the parts during quenching and strengthening. The only wearing parts of this clamping device are standard bolts, and the rest of the structure is stable, so its service life is very long. This clamping device structure can also be used for bearing outer and inner rings of other sizes and has been successfully applied to multiple products.

Claims

1. A large rolling bearing raceway surface quenching clamping device, characterized by: The invention comprises a support plate (1), a gasket (2), an outer ring clamp (3), an outer ring fixing bolt (4), an inner ring pressure plate (5), a flat gasket (6), an inner ring fixing bolt (7) and an inner ring spacer (8), wherein the support plate (1) is a circular ring-shaped workpiece, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the support plate (1) are both step surfaces, namely step surface I (101) and step surface II (102); when clamping the outer ring (9) of a large rolling bearing, the support plate (1) is placed in a direction with the step surface I (101) facing upward, and a plurality of uniformly spaced gaskets are placed at the top of the step surface I (101). A gasket (2); the outer ring clamp (3) is in the shape of the letter C, the opening of the outer ring clamp (3) is facing the outer circle of the support plate (1), the horizontal bottom plate of the outer ring clamp (3) is threaded with a vertical outer ring fixing bolt (4), the top plate of the outer ring clamp (3) is hook-shaped, the outer ring (9) is placed on the gasket (2), the top plate of the outer ring clamp (3) is pressed on the top of the outer ring (9), the outer ring fixing bolt (4) is tightened against the step surface II (102) of the support plate (1), and the support plate (1) and the outer ring (9) are fixed by the outer ring clamp (3) and the outer ring fixing bolt (4); When clamping the inner ring (10) of a large rolling bearing, the support plate (1) is placed with the step surface II (102) facing upward. The top of the step surface II (102) is provided with a plurality of threaded holes arranged evenly at intervals, and each threaded hole is threadedly connected with an inner ring fixing bolt (7) in a vertical direction. A plurality of spaced-apart washers (2) are placed on the edge plane of the step surface II (102), and the inner ring (10) is placed on the washers (2). At the distance from each inner ring fixing bolt (7), the inner ring fixing bolt (7) is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart washers (2). On the side away from the inner ring (10), a number of evenly spaced inner ring pads (8) are placed on the step surface II (102), one end of the inner ring pressure plate (5) is placed on the top of the inner ring (10), and the other end is placed on the top of the inner ring pad (8); the inner ring fixing bolt (7) cooperates to pass through the flat washer (6) and the rectangular hole (501) on the inner ring pressure plate (5), and the support plate (1) and the inner ring (10) are fixed by the inner ring pressure plate (5), the inner ring pad (8) and the inner ring fixing bolt (7).

2. A large rolling bearing raceway surface quenching clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner circle and outer circle of the support plate (1) are both knurled.

3. A large rolling bearing raceway surface quenching clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring pad (8) is a rectangular block placed on the support plate (1). After placement, the upper plane of the inner ring pad (8) is at the same height as the upper plane of the inner ring (10).

4. A large rolling bearing raceway surface quenching clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are 20 gaskets (2), outer ring clamps (3), outer ring fixing bolts (4), inner ring pressure plates (5), flat washers (6), inner ring fixing bolts (7) and inner ring spacers (8) each.

5. The large rolling bearing raceway surface quenching clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the outer ring (9) is clamped, the inner surface of the outer ring clamp (3) contacts the outer circle of the outer ring (9) and the support plate (1) and is close to each other.

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