High-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna, which comprises a radiation patch, a grounding plate and a feeder line connecting the radiation patch and the grounding plate, and is characterized in that the radiation patch is formed by arranging and splicing a plurality of first metasurface units; each first metasurface unit is a square with the side length being a, the first metasurface unit is provided with four first rectangular clearance grooves with the length being s and the width being t in a hollowed-out mode, the four first rectangular clearance grooves are parallel to the four sides of the first metasurface unit respectively, and a rectangle is jointly defined by the four first rectangular clearance grooves; the first metasurface unit is further provided with four second rectangular clearance grooves with the length of k and the width of d in a hollowed-out mode, and the four second rectangular clearance grooves extend from the midpoint positions of the four first rectangular clearance grooves to the center of the first metasurface unit and are mutually spaced. According to the utility model, the antenna has good radiation performance while being miniaturized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microstrip antenna technology, and in particular to a high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With economic growth and increased attention to wireless communication technology, wireless communication technologies such as communication, broadcasting, and radar have flourished. At present, various fields have put forward a large number of new requirements for antenna size, performance parameters, structural types, and other technical indicators. Therefore, how to design smaller antennas without affecting antenna performance has become a research focus.

[0003] Currently, the technologies used to achieve miniaturization include:

[0004] One approach is to increase the dielectric constant of the substrate, i.e., by using materials with high dielectric constants, such as ceramics or quartz, to reduce the physical size of the antenna while maintaining the resonant frequency. However, this method may increase surface wave loss, thereby reducing antenna efficiency and gain.

[0005] 2. Short-circuit loading: A short circuit is applied to the zero-potential line of the microstrip antenna to create a standing wave distribution from open circuit to short circuit, reducing the antenna size. This method can achieve significant miniaturization, but may require precise feed positioning and may affect bandwidth and cross-polarization levels.

[0006] Third, the meandering technique involves slotting the radiating patch of a microstrip antenna to increase its effective length and thus lower the resonant frequency. This method can achieve miniaturization without changing the antenna geometry, but it may affect the antenna's radiation performance.

[0007] In conclusion, there is an urgent need to develop a new method to achieve high-performance miniaturized microstrip antennas. Utility Model Content

[0008] This invention aims to solve the technical problem that existing ultra-wideband microstrip antennas cannot guarantee antenna performance while miniaturizing them.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, this utility model provides a high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna, including a radiating patch, a ground plane, and a feed line connecting the radiating patch and the ground plane. The radiating patch is composed of multiple first metasurface units arranged and spliced ​​together.

[0010] Each of the first metasurface units is a square with a side length of a. The first metasurface unit has four first rectangular clear slots with a length of s and a width of t. These four first rectangular clear slots are parallel to the four sides of the first metasurface unit and together form a rectangle. The first metasurface unit also has four second rectangular clear slots with a length of k and a width of d. These four second rectangular clear slots extend from the midpoints of the four first rectangular clear slots towards the center of the first metasurface unit and are spaced apart from each other, satisfying the following condition:

[0011] s+2t <a,2k+2t+d<a。

[0012] Furthermore, the grounding plate has multiple intersecting slots formed by arranging and splicing the second metasurface units at a preset spacing in the patch area of ​​the radiant patch. Each second metasurface unit is a square with a side length of a. Each side of the second metasurface unit has a third rectangular clear slot with a length of p and a width of q cut out from its midpoint toward the center of the square, satisfying the following conditions:

[0013] p <k,q=d。

[0014] Furthermore, the radiating patch is a 4×3 rectangle composed of 12 of the first metasurface units arranged together.

[0015] Furthermore, the feed line is connected to the short side of the radiating patch.

[0016] Furthermore, the cross slot is a 7×7 rectangle composed of 49 second metasurface units arranged in a grid.

[0017] Furthermore, both the radiating patch and the ground plane are made of Rogers RT / duroid 5880 as the dielectric substrate material.

[0018] Furthermore, among the shape parameters of the first metasurface unit, 4mm≤a≤6mm, 3mm≤s≤4mm, 0.3mm≤t≤0.6mm, 1mm≤k≤1.5mm, and 0.1mm≤d≤0.3mm.

[0019] Furthermore, among the shape parameters of the second metasurface unit, 0.1mm≤p≤1mm and 0.1mm≤q≤0.3mm.

[0020] The beneficial effect achieved by this utility model is that it proposes an ultra-wideband microstrip antenna based on metasurface units. The metasurface units constitute the radiation structure of the antenna, which can reduce the overall size of the antenna. At the same time, the operating frequency band and electromagnetic performance of the antenna can be controlled by the hollow design of the metasurface units, so that the antenna has good radiation performance while being miniaturized. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first metasurface unit of the high-gain ultrawideband microstrip antenna provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second metasurface unit of the high-gain ultrawideband microstrip antenna provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 The S-type high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna provided in this embodiment of the invention... 11 Schematic diagram of the curve;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the VSWR curve of the high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the simulated current distribution of the high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the far-field direction of the high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna provided in this embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna 100 includes a radiating patch 101, a ground plane 102, and a feed line 103 connecting the radiating patch and the ground plane. The radiating patch 101 is composed of a plurality of first metasurface units 200 arranged and spliced ​​together.

[0030] For details, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first metasurface unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Each first metasurface unit 200 is a square with a side length of a. The first metasurface unit 200 has four first rectangular clear slots 201 with a length of s and a width of t. The four first rectangular clear slots 201 are parallel to the four sides of the first metasurface unit 200 and together form a rectangle. The first metasurface unit 200 also has four second rectangular clear slots 202 with a length of k and a width of d. The four second rectangular clear slots 202 extend from the midpoint of the four first rectangular clear slots 201 towards the center of the first metasurface unit 200 and are spaced apart from each other, satisfying the following conditions:

[0031] s+2t <a,2k+2t+d<a。

[0032] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that the first rectangular clearance slot 201 and the second rectangular clearance slot 202 form a T-shaped structure in the first metasurface unit 200. During implementation, the electromagnetic characteristics of the metasurface unit are modified by controlling the size of the clearance slots, thereby further realizing the control of the operating frequency band of the high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna 100.

[0033] Specifically, in this embodiment of the present invention, among the shape parameters of the first metasurface unit, 4mm≤a≤6mm, 3mm≤s≤4mm, 0.3mm≤t≤0.6mm, 1mm≤k≤1.5mm, and 0.1mm≤d≤0.3mm.

[0034] The ground plane 102 has multiple intersecting slots formed by second metasurface units 300 arranged and spliced ​​at preset intervals in the patch area of ​​the radiating patch 101 through a perforation. Please refer to... Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second metasurface unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Each second metasurface unit 300 is a square with a side length of a. Each side of the second metasurface unit 300 has a third rectangular clear groove 301 with a length of p and a width of q cut out along the direction from the midpoint to the center of the square, and satisfies the following conditions:

[0035] p <k,q=d。

[0036] In this embodiment of the present invention, among the shape parameters of the second metasurface unit, 0.1mm≤p≤1mm and 0.1mm≤q≤0.3mm.

[0037] Specifically, both the radiating patch 101 and the ground plane 102 are made of Rogers RT / duroid 5880 as the dielectric substrate material. This dielectric substrate material is a metamaterial (artificial electromagnetic material). Metamaterials possess extraordinary physical properties not found in ordinary materials in the natural environment. They generally exhibit low insertion loss, wide bandwidth, and ease of integration and fabrication. When metamaterials are combined with an antenna, they can operate in a zero-order resonant mode, different from other modes. In this case, a certain resonant frequency of the antenna will be independent of the antenna size and only related to the reactance parameters of its physical unit structure. In this embodiment of the invention, the radiating patch 101 and the ground plane 102 are constructed based on metamaterials, enabling higher radiation performance with a smaller antenna volume.

[0038] In this embodiment of the present invention, the radiating patch is a 4×3 rectangle composed of 12 first metasurface units spliced ​​together, and the feed line is connected to the short side of the radiating patch.

[0039] The cross slot is a 7×7 rectangle composed of 49 second metasurface units arranged together.

[0040] For example, in this embodiment of the present invention, the high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna 100 is configured with dimensions of 28mm × 32mm × 0.8mm. Correspondingly, under this size, the side length a = 4mm of each first metasurface unit 200 on the radiating patch 101, the length s = 3.4mm and the width t = 0.5mm of each first rectangular clearance slot 201, the length k = 1.2mm and the width d = 0.2mm of each second rectangular clearance slot 202, the side length a = 4mm of each second metasurface unit 300, and the length p = 0.4mm and the width q = 0.2mm of each third rectangular clearance slot 301. The ultra-wideband operating bandwidth from 4GHz to 16.7GHz is achieved through the T-shaped cutout on the radiating patch 101 and the cross slots on the ground plane 102, making it suitable for UBW (ultra-wideband) application scenarios.

[0041] The high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna 100 with the above-described parameter structure achieves S-band performance in the target frequency band. 11 The curves and VSWR curves are as follows: Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the simulated antenna S11 is better than -10dB throughout the 4-16.7GHz range, with the minimum resonant point reaching -29.1dB near 5.5GHz. The corresponding VSWR reaches 1.07:1, demonstrating good broadband matching characteristics.

[0042] The simulated current distributions of the high-gain ultrawideband microstrip antenna 100 with the above-described parameter structure at frequencies of 5.5 GHz, 10 GHz, and 13.5 GHz are as follows: Figure 6As shown in a, b, and c in the figure, it can be seen that at lower frequencies, the large surface current is concentrated on the left side of the feed, feed line, and radiating patch; at mid-frequency, the surface current is focused on the feed line and bottom of the patch; and at high frequency, the current is concentrated around the ground plane and feed line.

[0043] The high-gain ultrawideband microstrip antenna 100 with the above-described parameter structure exhibits the following far-field characteristics at frequencies of 5.5 GHz, 10 GHz, and 13.5 GHz: Figure 7 As shown in a, b, and c, it can be seen that at low frequencies, the H-plane of the high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna 100 radiates approximately omnidirectionally, but the gain is relatively low, making it suitable for omnidirectional communication in small spaces, such as in conference rooms; at high frequencies, the antenna exhibits strong end-fire performance, with a maximum gain of 7.8 dBi, making it suitable for point-to-point communication.

[0044] Based on the above data, the high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna 100 provided in this embodiment of the present invention has good gain performance, with an average gain of about 6.5 dBi in the operating frequency band, which is higher than that of traditional microstrip antennas.

[0045] The beneficial effect achieved by this utility model is that it proposes an ultra-wideband microstrip antenna based on metasurface units. The metasurface units constitute the radiation structure of the antenna, which can reduce the overall size of the antenna. At the same time, the operating frequency band and electromagnetic performance of the antenna can be controlled by the hollow design of the metasurface units, so that the antenna has good radiation performance while being miniaturized.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0047] The embodiments of the present utility model have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. The disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model. However, the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many equivalent changes under the guidance of the present utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All such changes are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna, characterized in that, It includes a radiating patch, a ground plane, and a feed line connecting the radiating patch and the ground plane. The radiating patch is composed of multiple first metasurface units arranged and spliced ​​together. Each of the first metasurface units is a square with a side length of a. The first metasurface unit has four first rectangular clear slots with a length of s and a width of t. These four first rectangular clear slots are parallel to the four sides of the first metasurface unit and together form a rectangle. The first metasurface unit also has four second rectangular clear slots with a length of k and a width of d. These four second rectangular clear slots extend from the midpoints of the four first rectangular clear slots towards the center of the first metasurface unit and are spaced apart from each other, satisfying the following condition: s+2t <a,2k+2t+d<a。 2. The high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grounding plate has multiple intersecting slots formed by arranging and splicing the second metasurface units at a preset spacing in the patch area of ​​the radiant patch. Each second metasurface unit is a square with a side length of a. Each side of the second metasurface unit has a third rectangular clear slot with a length of p and a width of q cut out from its midpoint toward the center of the square, and satisfies the following conditions: p <k,q=d。 3. The high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation patch is a 4×3 rectangle composed of 12 of the first metasurface units arranged together.

4. The high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The feed line is connected to the short side of the radiating patch.

5. The high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross slot is a 7×7 rectangle composed of 49 second metasurface units arranged together.

6. The high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the radiating patch and the ground plane are made of Rogers RT / duroid 5880 as the dielectric substrate material.

7. The high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Among the shape parameters of the first metasurface unit, 4mm≤a≤6mm, 3mm≤s≤4mm, 0.3mm≤t≤0.6mm, 1mm≤k≤1.5mm, and 0.1mm≤d≤0.3mm.

8. The high-gain ultra-wideband microstrip antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the shape parameters of the second metasurface unit, 0.1mm≤p≤1mm and 0.1mm≤q≤0.3mm.

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