Tail exhaust device and fuel cell system
By installing guide pipes and connecting pipes on the main pipeline of the tailpipe device, and arranging interfaces at intervals on the main pipeline, combined with a throttling structure, the problem of hydrogen backflow into the fuel cell stack was solved, improving the safety and stability of the fuel cell stack.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422632953.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-31
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-30
AI Technical Summary
In existing tailpipe devices, hydrogen can easily flow back into the fuel cell, causing hydrogen concentrations to exceed standards and posing a safety hazard.
A guide pipe is installed on the main pipeline of the tailpipe device, with the outlet of the guide pipe facing the exhaust direction. Interfaces are arranged at intervals on the main pipeline, combined with connecting pipes and throttling structures to ensure smooth gas discharge.
This effectively reduces the possibility of hydrogen backflow into the fuel cell stack, improves the safety and stability of the stack, and avoids situations where hydrogen concentration exceeds the standard.
Smart Images
Figure CN223501898U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to an exhaust device. Additionally, this utility model also relates to a fuel cell system. Background Technology
[0002] In a vehicle's fuel cell system, the exhaust system is a multi-port mechanical structure that connects to the vehicle's exhaust muffler. It connects to the fuel cell system's air compressor exhaust pipe, stack purge exhaust pipe, nitrogen venting and depressurization pipe, and drainage pipe through multiple pipe interfaces. It also has the fuel cell system's anode exhaust inlet and cathode exhaust inlet. Finally, the exhaust gas entering the exhaust system, as well as the nitrogen, a small amount of hydrogen, water, etc., produced by the reaction in the stack, are discharged to the outside of the fuel cell system through its exhaust end and then discharged into the atmosphere through the vehicle's exhaust muffler.
[0003] Currently, all pipeline interfaces of the tailpipe system are connected to the main pipeline of the tailpipe system via straight pipes, so that exhaust gas, a small amount of hydrogen, water, etc. after the fuel cell reactor reaction can be discharged into the atmosphere through the tailpipe system. Although the small amount of hydrogen produced after the reaction in the fuel cell reactor can be discharged into the atmosphere through the tailpipe system, due to limitations in the strength of the fuel cell reactor casing, the fuel cell reactor purging pressure, and pipeline layout, as the operating time increases, when the gas entering the tailpipe system from the air compressor exhaust pipe, etc., causes the internal pressure of the tailpipe system to be high, there is a possibility that hydrogen in the tailpipe system will flow back into the fuel cell reactor, resulting in excessive hydrogen concentration. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a tail exhaust device to improve the situation of hydrogen backflow into the fuel cell in the tail exhaust device.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows:
[0006] A tailpipe device includes a main pipeline and an anode tailpipe inlet and a cathode tailpipe inlet disposed on the main pipeline for connecting the fuel cell stack.
[0007] The main pipeline is also provided with a first interface, a second interface, a third interface, and a fourth interface for connecting the air compressor exhaust pipeline, the fuel cell purge outlet pipeline, the nitrogen discharge and pressure relief pipeline, and the drain pipeline of the fuel cell stack, respectively. The second interface, the third interface, and the fourth interface are all connected to a guide pipe located inside the main pipeline, and the outlet of each guide pipe is set towards the exhaust direction of the main pipeline.
[0008] Furthermore, the second interface, the third interface, and the fourth interface are arranged sequentially at intervals in the exhaust direction.
[0009] Furthermore, one end of the main pipeline is configured as an exhaust end for discharging gas, and the other end is configured as a blind end, with the first interface located on the blind end.
[0010] Furthermore, the blind end is provided with a first connecting pipe, and the first interface is formed at the port of the first connecting pipe located outside the blind end.
[0011] Furthermore, a second connecting pipe, a third connecting pipe, and a fourth connecting pipe are spaced apart on the side wall of the main pipeline. The second interface, the third interface, and the fourth interface are respectively formed at the ports of the second connecting pipe, the third connecting pipe, and the fourth connecting pipe located outside the main pipeline. The portions of the second connecting pipe, the third connecting pipe, and the fourth connecting pipe located inside the main pipeline respectively constitute each of the guide pipes.
[0012] Furthermore, each of the guide pipes bends from the inner wall of the main pipeline toward the exhaust direction and extends along the exhaust direction.
[0013] Furthermore, a throttling structure is provided in the second connecting pipe.
[0014] Furthermore, the main pipeline includes a connecting section, a transition section, and an outlet section connected in sequence. The transition section is configured to be curved, and the first interface, the second interface, the third interface, and the fourth interface are all disposed on the connecting section.
[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a fixed bracket installed on the outer wall of the main pipeline; the fixed bracket includes a main bracket for supporting the main pipeline and an auxiliary fixed bracket for hoisting and fixing the main pipeline.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:
[0017] The tailpipe device of this invention is equipped with guide pipes located inside the main pipeline for the second, third, and fourth interfaces on the main pipeline, and the outlets at the ends of each guide pipe are all oriented towards the exhaust direction of the main pipeline. In this way, the hydrogen gas entering the main pipeline after the fuel cell reactor reaction can be more easily and smoothly discharged into the atmosphere along the exhaust direction of the main pipeline, thereby improving the situation of hydrogen backflow into the fuel cell reactor in the tailpipe device, and reducing the occurrence of hydrogen concentration exceeding the standard due to hydrogen backflow during fuel cell reactor purging and other stages.
[0018] In addition, the second, third and fourth interfaces are arranged sequentially along the exhaust direction of the main pipeline, so that the inlets and outlets of the nitrogen venting and depressurization pipeline and the drainage pipeline are located downstream. This can reduce the possibility of nitrogen, water vapor and other substances mixing into the second connecting pipe and flowing back into the fuel cell stack, which is beneficial to ensuring the safety and stability of the fuel cell stack.
[0019] In addition, by installing connecting pipes on the side walls and blind ends of the main pipeline, the required pipeline interfaces can be well formed by using the ports of the connecting pipes located outside the main pipeline, which facilitates the connection of pipelines such as air compressor exhaust pipeline, electric stack purge outlet pipeline, nitrogen discharge and pressure relief pipeline, and drainage pipeline.
[0020] Another objective of this invention is to provide a fuel cell system in which the exhaust device described in this invention is configured. The fuel cell system of this invention possesses the technical advantages of the aforementioned exhaust device. Attached Figure Description
[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are used to explain this utility model. The directional terms such as front / back, up / down, etc., used therein are only used to indicate relative positional relationships and do not constitute an improper limitation of this utility model. In the drawings:
[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tailpipe device described in an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal perspective structure of the exhaust device described in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Side view of the tailpipe assembly shown;
[0025] Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged view of the tailpipe device described in an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0026] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the internal hydrogen concentration change during the start-up phase of the fuel cell system described in this embodiment of the invention, with an existing exhaust device configured.
[0027] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the change in internal hydrogen concentration during the start-up phase of the fuel cell system described in this embodiment of the invention, when equipped with the exhaust device of this invention.
[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0029] 1. Main pipeline; 10. Connecting section; 11. Transition section; 12. Exhaust section; 100. Blind end; 101. Exhaust end;
[0030] 2. First connecting pipe; 20. First interface; 3. Second connecting pipe; 30. Second interface; 300. Throttling structure;
[0031] 4. Third connecting pipe; 40. Third interface; 5. Fourth connecting pipe; 50. Fourth interface;
[0032] 60. Anode tail drain inlet; 61. Cathode tail drain inlet;
[0033] 7. Fixed bracket; 70. Main bracket; 71. Auxiliary fixed bracket. Detailed Implementation
[0034] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0035] In the description of this utility model, it should be stated that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "back," "inner," and "outer" appear, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
[0036] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "connector" should be interpreted broadly. For example, a connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in light of the specific circumstances. The limiting terms such as "first," "second," "A," "B," "C," and "D" appearing in the description of this utility model are merely for distinguishing similar features in different locations, attributions, or uses, in order to avoid ambiguity and confusion, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0037] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0038] Example 1
[0039] This embodiment relates to a tailpipe device, which can improve the situation of hydrogen backflow into the fuel cell in the tailpipe device; an exemplary structure is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown.
[0040] Overall, the tailpipe device includes a main pipeline 1, and an anode tailpipe inlet 60 and a cathode tailpipe inlet 61 located on the main pipeline 1 for connecting the fuel cell stack. The main pipeline 1 is also equipped with a first interface 20, a second interface 30, a third interface 40, and a fourth interface 50 for connecting the air compressor exhaust pipe, the fuel cell stack purge exhaust pipe, the nitrogen venting and depressurization pipe, and the drain pipe, respectively. Furthermore, the second interface 30, the third interface 40, and the fourth interface 50 are all connected to guide pipes located inside the main pipeline 1, and the outlets of each guide pipe are oriented towards the exhaust direction of the main pipeline 1.
[0041] It should be noted that, based on the above overall design concept, the technical solution of this utility model can adopt a variety of different specific implementation structures, forms, or configuration sequences. For example, the various pipe interfaces mentioned above can be directly opened on the side wall of the main pipeline 1, or the pipes can be run through the side wall. The specific arrangement sequence and position of each pipe interface can also be flexibly adjusted. For parts required for the implementation of the overall solution but not covered in the above overall setup, reasonable and flexible design can be made by referring to mature setup methods in the field and the actual situation during implementation. The specific implementation scheme described below in this embodiment is only one of the many solutions that can be formed by the various combinations and variations mentioned above. In actual implementation, those skilled in the art can make flexible adjustments and improvements based on the actual situation. Obviously, the various solutions that can be formed by the combinations and variations of the above specific forms, as well as the specific implementation scheme of this embodiment, are all within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first interface 20 is used to connect to the air compressor exhaust pipe, the second interface 30 is used to connect to the fuel cell stack purge exhaust pipe, the third interface 40 is used to connect to the nitrogen venting and pressure relief pipe, and the fourth interface 50 is used to connect to the drainage pipe. Preferably, the second interface 30, the third interface 40, and the fourth interface 50 are arranged alternately in the exhaust direction of the main pipeline 1. Arranging the second interface 30, the third interface 40, and the fourth interface 50 sequentially along the exhaust direction of the main pipeline 1 ensures that the inlets and outlets of the nitrogen venting and pressure relief pipe and the drainage pipe are located downstream. This reduces the possibility of nitrogen, water vapor, etc., mixing into the second connecting pipe 3 and flowing back into the fuel cell stack, thus helping to ensure the safety and stability of the fuel cell stack.
[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, one end of the main pipeline 1 is configured as an exhaust end 101 for discharging gas, and the other end is configured as a blind end 100. The aforementioned first interface 20 is preferably located on the blind end 100. Given that the diameter of the first interface 20 is much smaller than the diameter of the main pipeline 1, it is more convenient to configure the first interface 20 by setting the other end of the main pipeline 1 as a blind end 100 relative to the exhaust end 101 of the main pipeline 1.
[0044] Based on the above configuration, a first connecting pipe 2 can be inserted through the blind end 100, and a first interface 20 can be formed at the port of the first connecting pipe 2 located outside the blind end 100. Similarly, in this embodiment, a second connecting pipe 3, a third connecting pipe 4, and a fourth connecting pipe 5 are inserted at intervals through the sidewall of the main pipeline 1, and a second interface 30, a third interface 40, and a fourth interface 50 are respectively formed at the ports of the second connecting pipe 3, the third connecting pipe 4, and the fourth connecting pipe 5 located outside the main pipeline 1; meanwhile, the portions of the second connecting pipe 3, the third connecting pipe 4, and the fourth connecting pipe 5 located inside the main pipeline 1 respectively constitute each guide pipe.
[0045] By installing connecting pipes on the side wall of the main pipeline 1 and the blind end 100, the required pipeline interface can be well formed by the port of the connecting pipe located outside the main pipeline 1, which facilitates the connection of pipelines such as air compressor exhaust pipeline, electric stack purge outlet pipeline, nitrogen discharge and pressure relief pipeline, and drainage pipeline.
[0046] Given that the second connecting pipe 3, the third connecting pipe 4, and the fourth connecting pipe 5 are all installed on the side wall of the main pipeline 1 and are generally perpendicular to the side wall, preferably, in this embodiment, each of the guide pipes of the second interface 30, the third interface 40, and the fourth interface 50 is bent from the inner wall of the main pipeline 1 towards the exhaust direction and extended along the exhaust direction. Bending the guide pipes located inside the main pipeline 1 from the inner wall of the main pipeline 1 towards the exhaust direction of the main pipeline 1 and finally extending along the exhaust direction of the main pipeline 1 not only facilitates the processing and arrangement of each guide pipe, but also ensures that the outlet of the guide pipe is completely opposite to the airflow, further reducing the possibility of gas backflow.
[0047] Furthermore, a throttling structure 300 can be installed in the second connecting pipe 3. This throttling structure 300 can be installed in various ways, such as using an existing throttling valve structure, directly installing a throttling valve on the second connecting pipe 3, or reducing the inner diameter of the second connecting pipe 3 to form the throttling structure 300. By installing the throttling structure 300 in the second connecting pipe 3, the occurrence of hydrogen or other gases in the main pipeline 1 flowing back into the fuel cell stack through the second connecting pipe 3 can be further reduced.
[0048] The overall layout of the main pipeline 1 can be flexibly configured according to the arrangement of the fuel cell stack and the vehicle's exhaust muffler. In this embodiment, from the blind end 100 to the exhaust end 101, the main pipeline 1 includes a connecting section 10, a transition section 11, and an exhaust section 12 connected in sequence. The transition section 11 is curved, and the first interface 20, the second interface 30, the third interface 40, and the fourth interface 50 are all located on the connecting section 10. The segmented design of the main pipeline 1 allows for more flexible installation and routing, better adapting to the connection and installation conditions of the fuel cell stack exhaust and the vehicle's exhaust muffler. The curved shape of the transition section 11, along with the staggered arrangement of the connecting section 10 and the exhaust section 12, facilitates the connection and installation of related pipelines and helps reduce exhaust noise.
[0049] In addition, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the tailpipe device in this embodiment also includes a fixing bracket 7 disposed on the outer wall of the main pipeline 1. Specifically, the fixing bracket 7 in this embodiment includes a main bracket 70 for supporting the main pipeline 1 and an auxiliary fixing bracket 71 for hoisting and fixing the main pipeline 1. By providing multiple fixing brackets 7 such as the main bracket 70 and the auxiliary fixing bracket 71 on the outer wall of the main pipeline 1, it is convenient to realize the installation, fixing and support of the tailpipe device from multiple angles, which helps to improve the installation stability of the tailpipe device.
[0050] In summary, the tailpipe device of this embodiment configures the second interface 30, the third interface 40, and the fourth interface 50 on the main pipeline 1 with guide pipes located inside the main pipeline 1, and sets the outlet of each guide pipe toward the exhaust direction of the main pipeline 1. In this way, the hydrogen gas entering the main pipeline 1 after the fuel cell reactor reaction can be more easily and smoothly discharged into the atmosphere along the exhaust direction of the main pipeline 1, thereby improving the situation of hydrogen gas backflow into the fuel cell reactor in the tailpipe device, and reducing the occurrence of hydrogen concentration exceeding the standard due to hydrogen backflow during fuel cell reactor purging and other stages.
[0051] Example 2
[0052] This embodiment relates to a fuel cell system, and the fuel cell system is equipped with the exhaust device provided in Embodiments 1 and 2.
[0053] By setting the guide pipe sections of the second connecting pipe 3, the third connecting pipe 4, and the fourth connecting pipe 5 inside the main pipeline 1 to be curved, and setting the outlet of the guide pipe to face the exhaust direction, the hydrogen gas after the reaction in the fuel cell stack can be more smoothly led into the atmosphere, thereby improving hydrogen backflow and solving the problem of excessive hydrogen concentration in the system.
[0054] Meanwhile, a throttling structure 300 is installed inside the second connecting pipe 3 to better guide hydrogen to the atmosphere, prevent hydrogen backflow, and avoid exceeding hydrogen concentration limits. Compared with existing tail exhaust devices, the tail exhaust device of this invention can greatly improve the problem of excessive hydrogen concentration in the fuel cell stack.
[0055] Combination Figure 5 , Figure 6 A comparison of purge gas analysis and internal hydrogen concentration analysis of fuel cell systems equipped with existing exhaust devices and those equipped with the exhaust device of this invention shows that at the moment the fuel cell system is started, Figure 5 In the fuel cell system shown, the incoming air enters the stack purge outlet line and then enters the stack. Only then does the gas in the main line 1 begin to flow out in the forward direction. Figure 6 In the fuel cell system shown, the incoming air has difficulty entering the stack, compared to Figure 5 In this case, the gas in the main pipeline 1 can flow out in the forward direction more quickly, the hydrogen concentration in the tailpipe will rise rapidly and be discharged to the outside of the system, thereby effectively reducing the occurrence of hydrogen backflow.
[0056] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. Detailed explanations of configurations, examples of specific structural arrangements, and descriptions of assembly and connection methods are provided to ensure sufficient disclosure so that those skilled in the art can better implement this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A tail exhaust device, characterized in that: It includes a main pipeline (1), and an anode tail outlet (60) and a cathode tail outlet inlet (61) provided on the main pipeline (1) for connecting the fuel cell stack; The main pipeline (1) is also provided with a first interface (20), a second interface (30), a third interface (40), and a fourth interface (50) for connecting the air compressor exhaust pipeline, the fuel cell purge outlet pipeline, the nitrogen discharge and pressure relief pipeline, and the drain pipeline of the fuel cell stack, respectively. The second interface (30), the third interface (40), and the fourth interface (50) are all connected to a guide pipe located inside the main pipeline (1), and the outlet of each guide pipe is set towards the exhaust direction of the main pipeline (1).
2. The tail exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second interface (30), the third interface (40) and the fourth interface (50) are arranged in sequence at intervals in the exhaust direction.
3. The tail exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the main pipeline (1) is configured as an exhaust end (101) for discharging gas, and the other end is configured as a blind end (100), with the first interface (20) located on the blind end (100).
4. The tail exhaust device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blind end (100) is provided with a first connecting pipe (2), and the first interface (20) is formed at the port of the first connecting pipe (2) located outside the blind end (100).
5. The tail exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second connecting pipe (3), a third connecting pipe (4), and a fourth connecting pipe (5) are spaced apart on the side wall of the main pipeline (1). The second interface (30), the third interface (40), and the fourth interface (50) are respectively formed at the ports of the second connecting pipe (3), the third connecting pipe (4), and the fourth connecting pipe (5) located outside the main pipeline (1). The portions of the second connecting pipe (3), the third connecting pipe (4), and the fourth connecting pipe (5) located inside the main pipeline (1) respectively constitute each of the guide pipes.
6. The tail exhaust device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the aforementioned guide pipes bends from the inner wall of the main pipeline (1) toward the exhaust direction and extends along the exhaust direction.
7. The tail exhaust device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A throttling structure (300) is provided in the second connecting pipe (3).
8. The tail exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The main pipeline (1) includes a connecting section (10), a transition section (11) and an air outlet section (12) connected in sequence. The transition section (11) is configured to be curved. The first interface (20), the second interface (30), the third interface (40) and the fourth interface (50) are all located on the connecting section (10).
9. The tail exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes a fixed bracket (7) installed on the outer wall of the main pipeline (1); The fixed support (7) includes a main support (70) for supporting the main pipeline (1) and an auxiliary fixed support (71) for hoisting and fixing the main pipeline (1).
10. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: The fuel cell system is equipped with an exhaust device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.