Working vehicle steering switching structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses an operation vehicle steering switching structure and belongs to the technical field of engineering operation vehicles. Comprising a steering execution unit and a steering control unit for controlling the steering execution unit to reverse, and the steering execution unit is connected with the wheels. The steering execution unit and the steering wheel are connected with the controller, and the steering system is characterized by further comprising a steering switching unit arranged between the steering control unit and the steering execution unit, and the steering switching unit is used for switching the action direction of the steering control steering execution unit to the opposite direction. The steering driving mechanism is connected with the reversing mechanism, after a forward gear is converted into a reverse gear through the reversing mechanism, the operation direction of a steering wheel can be consistent with the moving direction of a vehicle, the situation that a driver operates mistakenly due to the direction is avoided, and construction efficiency and operation quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] A steering switching structure for a work vehicle belongs to the technical field of engineering work vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Excavators and other construction vehicles often need to switch directions during operation. To facilitate operation, the cab can rotate and switch between forward and reverse gears. However, when switching from forward to reverse, the left and right directions of the wheels do not change. Therefore, when turning the steering wheel to the left in reverse, the wheels actually turn to the right. Because of the frequent switching between forward and reverse gears, drivers are prone to operational errors. For some construction operations, straight-line driving is required, and if the direction is wrong, the working position will be significantly deviated, often requiring rework, resulting in slow construction progress and poor construction quality. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a steering switching structure for work vehicles that can switch the direction of wheel steering, thereby improving work efficiency and quality.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is as follows: the steering switching structure of the work vehicle includes a work vehicle body, wheels are provided on the lower side of the work vehicle body, a steering wheel is provided in the cab of the work vehicle body, a steering drive mechanism is provided between the steering wheel and the wheels, the steering drive mechanism includes a steering execution unit and a steering control unit for controlling the steering execution unit to change direction, the steering execution unit is connected to the wheels, the steering control unit is connected to the steering wheel controller, and also includes a steering switching unit, which is located between the steering control unit and the steering execution unit. The steering switching unit is used to switch the direction of action of the steering execution unit controlled by the steering control unit to the opposite direction.

[0005] Preferably, the steering actuator is a steering hydraulic power unit, the steering control unit is a steering valve, and the work vehicle body is equipped with an oil tank and an oil pump. The oil pump outlet is connected to the oil inlet of the steering valve, and the two oil outlets of the steering valve are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the steering hydraulic power unit.

[0006] Preferably, the steering hydraulic power unit is a steering cylinder or a steering hydraulic motor.

[0007] Preferably, the steering switching unit is a reversing valve, and both the steering valve and the reversing valve are two-position four-way valves.

[0008] Preferably, the steering switching unit is connected to a reversing switch, which is located on the steering wheel or on one side of the steering wheel.

[0009] Preferably, the reversing switch is mounted on a switch housing, which is sway-mounted in the driver's cab via a mounting bracket.

[0010] Preferably, the mounting bracket includes a fixed base, a first bracket, and a second bracket. The fixed base is fixedly connected to the cab, one end of the first bracket is rotatably connected to the fixed base, the other end of the second bracket is rotatably connected to the first bracket, and the switch integrated base is fixed on the second bracket.

[0011] Preferably, a rotational damping mechanism is provided between the first bracket and the fixed base, and a rotational damping mechanism is also provided between the second bracket and the first bracket.

[0012] Preferably, the cab is rotatably mounted on the upper side of the work vehicle body, and work equipment is provided at both the front and rear ends of the work vehicle body.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned technical solution of the steering switching structure for the work vehicle are:

[0014] The steering drive mechanism of this utility model is connected to a steering switching unit. After switching from forward gear to reverse gear through the steering switching unit, when the work vehicle is reversing, the operation of the steering wheel will be consistent with the direction of vehicle movement, avoiding driver steering errors and improving construction efficiency and work quality. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the steering switching structure of the working vehicle.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steering switching structure of the working vehicle.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a hydraulic schematic diagram of the steering switching structure of the work vehicle.

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cab after it has been rotated.

[0020] The components include: 1. Vehicle body; 2. Cab; 3. Steering wheel; 4. Wheels; 5. Working equipment; 6. Oil pump; 7. Steering valve; 8. Reversing valve; 9. Steering cylinder; 10. Fixing seat; 11. First bracket; 12. Second bracket; 13. Disc spring; 14. Spring; 15. Switch integration seat; 16. Reversing switch; 17. Oil tank. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Figures 1-5This is the optimal embodiment of the steering switching structure for this work vehicle, as detailed below in conjunction with the attached diagram. Figures 1-5 The present invention will be further described below.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 The steering switching structure of the work vehicle includes a work vehicle body 1, with wheels located on the underside of the work vehicle body 1. A steering wheel 3 is located inside the cab 2 of the work vehicle body, and a steering drive mechanism is located between the steering wheel 3 and the wheels 4. The steering drive mechanism is connected to a steering switching unit. The cab 2 is rotatably mounted on the upper side of the work vehicle body 1, and work equipment 5 is located at both the front and rear ends of the work vehicle body 1.

[0023] See Figure 2-3 In this embodiment, the steering drive mechanism includes an oil pump 6, a steering cylinder 9, and a steering valve 7. An oil tank 17 is provided on the vehicle body 1. The oil pump 6 is connected to the oil tank 17, and the oil outlet of the oil pump 6 is connected to the oil inlet of the steering valve 7. The two oil outlets of the steering valve 7 are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the steering cylinder 9. The steering valve 7 is connected to the steering wheel 3 via a controller. Since engineering vehicles are large and mechanical operation is difficult, the steering structure for the drive wheels 4 in this application is a hydraulic structure. After the steering wheel 3 rotates, the controller transmits a signal to the steering valve 7. The hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump 6 passes through the steering valve 7 and is then transmitted to the corresponding inlet and outlet of the steering cylinder 9 according to the received signal. The rod-side and rodless-side chambers of the steering cylinder 9 are respectively provided with inlet and outlet ports. After the hydraulic oil drives the steering cylinder 9 to work, it causes the vehicle to swing in the corresponding direction, thus achieving steering.

[0024] When oil enters one of the inlet and outlet ports of the steering cylinder 9, oil exits through the other inlet and outlet ports. The exiting oil is also reversed by the reversing valve and then discharged into the oil tank 17 through the steering valve 7.

[0025] The steering hydraulic power unit in this embodiment can also be a steering hydraulic motor.

[0026] The steering switching unit is a reversing valve 8, which is connected between the steering valve 7 and the inlet and outlet ports of the hydraulic cylinder. The reversing valve 8 is a solenoid valve. Under normal circumstances, turning the steering wheel 3 to the left causes the wheels 4 to swing to the left, and the vehicle turns to the left. After shifting from forward to reverse gear, turning the steering wheel 3 to the left causes the wheels 4 to swing to the left. However, due to the change in driving direction, the vehicle turns to the right in the driving direction. To solve this problem, the reversing valve 8 changes the direction of the hydraulic oil output from the steering valve 7. Turning the steering wheel 3 to the left causes the wheels 4 to swing to the right, and the vehicle turns to the left in the driving direction, thus making it easier for the driver to operate the vehicle.

[0027] In this embodiment, both the steering valve 7 and the reversing valve 8 are two-position four-way valves. During normal driving, the reversing valve 8 does not work. After receiving the signal from the controller, the steering valve 7 steers and controls the steering cylinder 9 to move, ultimately controlling the wheels 4 to steer. When the vehicle body 1 changes from forward to reverse, and the cab turns to face the rear of the vehicle body 1, the reversing valve 8 reverses, causing the hydraulic oil output from the steering valve 7, which should have entered the rodless chamber of the steering cylinder 9, to enter the rod chamber, thereby changing the reversing logic.

[0028] See Figure 4 A reversing switch 16 is provided on one side of the steering wheel 3, and the reversing switch 16 is connected to the reversing valve 8 through a controller. In this embodiment, the reversing switch 16 is mounted on a switch integration base 15, which is swayed and mounted in the cab 2 via a mounting bracket. Multiple control switches can be integrated together through the switch integration base 15, making operation very convenient.

[0029] The mounting bracket includes a fixed base 10, a first bracket 11, and a second bracket 12. The fixed base 10 is fixedly connected to the cab 2. One end of the first bracket 11 is rotatably connected to the fixed base 10, and the other end of the second bracket 12 is rotatably connected to the first bracket 11. The integrated switch base 15 is fixed on the second bracket 12. The first bracket 11 and the second bracket 12 allow for easy adjustment of the integrated switch base to a suitable position, making it easier for the driver to operate.

[0030] For ease of operation and to fix the adjusted switch integrated base 15 in its current position, this embodiment provides a rotational damping mechanism between the first bracket 11 and the fixed base 10, and also between the second bracket 12 and the first bracket 11. Specifically, the rotational damping mechanism between the first bracket 11 and the fixed base 10 is a disc spring 13, and the rotational damping mechanism between the second bracket 12 and the first bracket 11 is a spring 14. When connecting the first bracket 11 and the fixed base 10, damping is formed between the first bracket 11 and the fixed base 10 by pressing the disc spring 13. Similarly, damping is formed between the first bracket 11 and the second bracket 12 by pressing the spring connecting the first bracket 11 and the second bracket 12, thereby preventing the first bracket 11 and the second bracket 12 from swinging arbitrarily.

[0031] In other embodiments, the reversing switch 16 may also be directly mounted on the steering wheel 3.

[0032] Working principle: When the vehicle body 1 is moving forward normally, turning the steering wheel 3 to the left causes the wheels 4 to swing to the left, turning the vehicle to the left, and the working equipment 5 on the front side of the vehicle body 1 begins to operate. (See also...) Figure 5When the work equipment 5 on the rear side of the vehicle body 1 needs to work, the cab 2 rotates 180 degrees to the rear. At this time, the driver can see the work position directly. By changing the direction of the hydraulic oil output by the steering valve 7 through the reversing valve 8, the driver turns the steering wheel 3 to the left and the wheels 4 swing to the right. The vehicle turns to the left in the direction of travel, which makes it easier for the driver to operate the vehicle, avoids driver error in steering, and improves construction efficiency and work quality.

[0033] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model without departing from its technical solution shall still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A steering switching structure for a work vehicle, comprising a work vehicle body, wheels disposed on the underside of the work vehicle body, a steering wheel disposed in the cab of the work vehicle body, a steering drive mechanism disposed between the steering wheel and the wheels, the steering drive mechanism comprising a steering actuation unit and a steering control unit for controlling the steering actuation unit to change direction, the steering actuation unit being connected to the wheels, and the steering control unit being connected to the steering wheel via a controller, characterized in that: It also includes a steering switching unit, which is located between the steering control unit and the steering execution unit. The steering switching unit is used to switch the direction of action of the steering execution unit controlled by the steering control unit to the opposite direction.

2. The steering switching structure for work vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering actuator is a steering hydraulic power unit, the steering control unit is a steering valve, and the vehicle body is equipped with an oil tank and an oil pump. The oil pump outlet is connected to the oil inlet of the steering valve, and the two oil outlets of the steering valve are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the steering hydraulic power unit.

3. The steering switching structure for the work vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steering hydraulic power unit is a steering cylinder or a steering hydraulic motor.

4. The steering switching structure for the work vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steering switching unit is a reversing valve, and both the steering valve and the reversing valve are two-position four-way valves.

5. The steering switching structure for work vehicles according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The steering switching unit is connected to a reversing switch, which is located on the steering wheel or on one side of the steering wheel.

6. The steering switching structure for work vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reversing switch is mounted on a switch housing, which is swayed in the cab via a mounting bracket.

7. The steering switching structure for work vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting bracket includes a fixed base, a first bracket, and a second bracket. The fixed base is fixedly connected to the cab, one end of the first bracket is rotatably connected to the fixed base, and the other end of the second bracket is rotatably connected to the first bracket. The switch integrated base is fixed on the second bracket.

8. The steering switching structure for the work vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: A rotational damping mechanism is provided between the first bracket and the fixed base, and a rotational damping mechanism is also provided between the second bracket and the first bracket.

9. The steering switching structure for work vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driver's cab is rotatably mounted on the upper side of the vehicle body, and working equipment is provided at both the front and rear ends of the vehicle body.

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