High-power MPPT control circuit and controller

Abstract

The utility model provides a high-power MPPT control circuit and a controller, the circuit comprises a control unit, an MOS driving unit, a power change unit, a sampling and protecting unit, a display unit and a communication unit, a communication interface of the control unit is connected with the communication unit, a control interface of the control unit is connected with an input end of the MOS driving unit, and the MOS driving unit is connected with the power change unit. The output end of the MOS driving unit is connected with the input end of the power change unit, the output end of the power change unit is connected with the input end of the sampling and protecting unit, and the first output end of the sampling and protecting unit is connected with a sampling interface of the control unit. The second output end of the sampling and protecting unit is further connected with the MOS driving unit, and the display interface of the control unit is further connected with the display unit. The objective of improving the performance, the reliability, the producibility, the maintainability and the upgradability of the high-power MPPT controller is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) control technology, and in particular to a high-power MPPT control circuit and controller. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of solar photovoltaic power generation technology, the application of high-power solar power generation systems is becoming increasingly widespread. As a key component in solar power generation systems, the performance of high-power MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) controllers directly affects the power generation efficiency of solar panels and the stability and reliability of the entire power generation system.

[0003] However, existing high-power MPPT controller designs have many shortcomings, such as unreasonable module division leading to severe electromagnetic interference, heat dissipation difficulties, low production failure rate, and inconvenience in maintenance and upgrades; the circuit design lacks targeted optimization, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision sampling, efficient power conversion, and reliable communication in high-power applications. Utility Model Content

[0004] Given that existing high-power MPPT controller circuit designs lack targeted optimization and are unable to meet the requirements of high-precision sampling, high-efficiency power conversion, and reliable communication in high-power applications, this application proposes a high-power MPPT control circuit and controller.

[0005] In a first aspect, the high-power MPPT control circuit proposed in this application includes a control unit, a MOS drive unit, a power conversion unit, a sampling and protection unit, a display unit, and a communication unit. The communication interface of the control unit is connected to the communication unit; the control interface of the control unit is connected to the input terminal of the MOS drive unit; the output terminal of the MOS drive unit is connected to the input terminal of the power conversion unit; the output terminal of the power conversion unit is connected to the input terminal of the sampling and protection unit; the first output terminal of the sampling and protection unit is connected to the sampling interface of the control unit; the second output terminal of the sampling and protection unit is also connected to the MOS drive unit; and the display interface of the control unit is also connected to the display unit.

[0006] Optionally, it also includes an auxiliary power supply unit, wherein the auxiliary power supply unit is connected to the MOS drive unit, the control unit and the communication unit respectively.

[0007] Optionally, the MOS driving unit includes a DC-DC isolated power supply, a driving chip, a first field-effect transistor (FET), and a first resistor; wherein, the input terminal of the DC-DC isolated power supply is connected to a power source, and the output terminal of the DC-DC isolated power supply outputs an isolation current to form electrical isolation between the control unit and the power conversion unit; the gate (G) of the first FET is connected to the control interface of the control unit to receive PWM signals, the source (S) of the first FET is grounded, the drain (D) of the first FET is connected to the input terminal of the driving chip, and the output terminal of the driving chip serves as the output terminal of the MOS driving unit and is connected to the power conversion unit.

[0008] Optionally, the power conversion unit includes a second field-effect transistor (FET), a third field-effect transistor (FET), a fourth field-effect transistor (FET), a first inductor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, and a seventh capacitor. One end of the second capacitor serves as the first sub-output terminal of the power conversion unit and is connected to the sampling and protection unit. The other end of the second capacitor is connected to the source (S) terminal of the second FET, and the gate (G) terminal of the second FET is connected to the driving unit. One end of the third capacitor is connected to one end of the second capacitor, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected to the other end of the second capacitor. One end of the fourth capacitor is connected to one end of the second capacitor, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the other end of the second capacitor. One end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the first capacitor. The other end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the first inductor, and the other end of the first inductor is connected to one end of the second resistor. The other end of the second resistor serves as the second sub-output terminal of the power conversion unit and is connected to the sampling and protection unit. The third... The drain (D) of the field-effect transistor (FET) is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor. The gate (G) of the third FET is connected to the driving unit. The source (S) of the third FET is connected to the other end of the first capacitor. The other end of the first capacitor is also connected to one end of the third resistor. The other end of the third resistor is connected to one end of the eighth capacitor. The other end of the eighth capacitor is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor. The other end of the eighth capacitor is also grounded. The drain (D) of the fourth FET is connected to one end of the first inductor. The source (S) of the fourth FET is connected to the other end of the eighth capacitor. The gate (G) of the fourth FET is connected to the driving unit. One end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the other end of the first inductor. The other end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the other end of the eighth capacitor. One end of the sixth capacitor is connected to one end of the fifth capacitor. The other end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the other end of the fifth capacitor. One end of the seventh capacitor is connected to one end of the sixth capacitor. The other end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the other end of the sixth capacitor. One end of the second resistor and the other end of the second resistor serve as the third and fourth sub-output terminals of the power conversion unit, respectively, and are both connected to the sampling and protection unit.

[0009] Optionally, the power conversion unit further includes an overvoltage protection circuit, which includes a varistor and a first TVS diode. The negative terminal of the first TVS diode is connected to one end of the second capacitor, and the positive terminal of the first TVS diode is connected to the other end of the second capacitor. One end of the varistor is connected to the negative terminal of the first TVS diode, and the other end of the varistor is connected to the positive terminal of the first TVS diode.

[0010] Optionally, the sampling and protection unit includes a first voltage sampling subunit, a second voltage sampling subunit, a current sampling subunit, and a temperature sampling subunit. The input terminal of the first voltage sampling subunit is connected to the first sub-output terminal of the power change unit. The input terminal of the second voltage sampling subunit is connected to the second sub-output terminal of the power change unit. The first and second input terminals of the current sampling subunit are respectively connected to the third and fourth sub-output units of the power change unit. The temperature sampling subunit is used to acquire the temperature of the high-power MPPT control circuit. The output terminals of the first voltage sampling subunit, the second voltage sampling subunit, the current sampling subunit, and the temperature sampling subunit are respectively connected to the control unit.

[0011] Optionally, the first voltage sampling subunit includes a fourth resistor, a seventh resistor, and a ninth capacitor. One end of the fourth resistor serves as the input terminal of the first voltage sampling subunit and is connected to the first sub-output terminal of the power change unit. The other end of the fourth resistor is connected to one end of the seventh resistor, and the other end of the seventh resistor is grounded. One end of the ninth capacitor is connected to one end of the seventh resistor, and the other end of the ninth capacitor is grounded. The other end of the fourth resistor serves as the output terminal of the first voltage sampling subunit and is connected to the control unit. The second voltage sampling subunit includes a fifth resistor, an eighth resistor, and a tenth capacitor. One end of the fifth resistor serves as the input terminal of the second voltage sampling subunit and is connected to the second sub-output terminal of the power change unit. The other end of the fifth resistor is connected to one end of the eighth resistor, and the other end of the eighth resistor is grounded. One end of the tenth capacitor is connected to one end of the eighth resistor, and the other end of the tenth capacitor is grounded. The other end of the fifth resistor serves as the output terminal of the second voltage sampling subunit and is connected to the control unit. The current sampling subunit includes a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, an eleventh capacitor, and a high-side current detection amplifier. One end of the tenth resistor is connected to the third sub-output terminal of the sampling and protection unit, and the other end of the tenth resistor is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier. One end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the fourth sub-output terminal of the sampling and protection unit, and the other end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the inverting output terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier. The output terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier is connected to one end of the thirteenth resistor, and the other end of the thirteenth resistor serves as the output terminal of the current sampling subunit and is connected to the control unit. One end of the ninth resistor is connected to an external power supply, and the other end of the ninth resistor is connected to one end of the twelfth resistor. The other end of the twelfth resistor is grounded, and the other end of the ninth resistor is connected to the feedback terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier. One end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the power supply terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier, and the ground terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier is grounded. The temperature sampling subunit includes a sixth resistor and a thermistor. One end of the sixth resistor is connected to an external power supply, and the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to one end of the thermistor. The other end of the thermistor is grounded, and the other end of the sixth resistor serves as the output terminal of the temperature sampling subunit and is connected to the control unit.

[0012] Optionally, the sampling and protection unit further includes a short-circuit protection subunit, which includes a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, a sixteenth resistor, a seventeenth resistor, a comparator, and a transistor. One end of the fourteenth resistor is grounded, and the other end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to one end of the fifteenth resistor. The other end of the fifteenth resistor is connected to an external power supply, and the other end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to the first input terminal of the comparator. One end of the seventeenth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the current sampling subunit, and the other end of the seventeenth resistor is connected to the second input terminal of the comparator. One end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the comparator, and the other end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the base (B) of the transistor. The collector (C) of the transistor is connected to a MOS driving unit, and the emitter (E) of the transistor is grounded.

[0013] Optionally, the auxiliary power supply unit includes a step-down unit, a first auxiliary power supply unit, a second auxiliary power supply unit, and a third auxiliary power supply unit. The step-down unit is used to output a target voltage. One end of the first auxiliary power supply unit receives the target voltage, and the other end of the first auxiliary power supply unit outputs a first target voltage to power the control unit. One end of the second auxiliary power supply unit receives the target voltage, and the other end of the second auxiliary power supply unit outputs a second target voltage to power the drive unit. One end of the third auxiliary power supply unit receives the target voltage, and the other end of the third auxiliary power supply unit outputs a third target voltage to power the communication unit.

[0014] Secondly, this application also proposes a controller, including any of the control circuits described above.

[0015] The high-power MPPT control circuit and controller proposed in this application can improve the performance, reliability, manufacturability, maintainability and upgradeability of the high-power MPPT controller through reasonable unit division and optimized circuit design, with each unit adopting an independent design.

[0016] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a high-power MPPT control circuit is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a MOS driving unit is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a power conversion unit is shown;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a sampling and protection unit is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, every other embodiment obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort falls within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] It should be noted that the term "comprising" will be used in the embodiments of this application to indicate the presence of the features declared thereafter, but does not exclude the addition of other features.

[0024] This application relates to a high-power MPPT control circuit and controller, which can improve the performance, reliability, manufacturability, maintainability and upgradeability of the high-power MPPT control circuit through reasonable unit division and optimized circuit design, with each unit adopting an independent design.

[0025] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a high-power MPPT control circuit is shown. (For example...) Figure 1 As shown, the high-power MPPT control circuit provided in this application embodiment includes: a control unit 101, a MOS drive unit 102, a power change unit 103, a sampling and protection unit 104, a display unit 105, a communication unit 106, and an auxiliary power supply unit 107.

[0026] The control unit's communication interface is connected to the communication unit, the control interface of the control unit is connected to the input terminal of the MOS drive unit, the output terminal of the MOS drive unit is connected to the input terminal of the power change unit, the output terminal of the power change module is connected to the input terminal of the sampling and protection unit, the first output terminal of the sampling and protection unit is connected to the sampling interface of the control unit, the second output terminal of the sampling and protection unit is also connected to the MOS drive unit, and the display interface of the control unit is also connected to the display unit.

[0027] It also includes an auxiliary power supply unit.

[0028] The auxiliary power supply unit is connected to the MOS drive unit, the control unit, and the communication unit, respectively.

[0029] As an example, the control unit can be an MCU with high-speed computing power and rich peripheral interfaces, based on an ARM Cortex-M3 series core chip. It is responsible for running the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm, continuously monitoring the voltage and current of the photovoltaic array, and adjusting the duty cycle of the DC-DC power circuit to ensure the photovoltaic array always operates near its maximum power point. It is also responsible for the external display interface and communication protocol; for acquiring various electrical parameters; and for controlling the protection unit. Utilizing the high speed of the MCU, it quickly shuts down the power unit to protect the controller's safe operation. The PCB of this unit adopts a four-layer stacked structure of SGPS to ensure the stable and reliable operation of the MCU.

[0030] The display unit shows the operating status of the MPPT controller, the voltage and current of the photovoltaic array, the output voltage and current, and fault information. The LCD screen interface uses a parallel 8080 protocol LCD module, capable of clearly displaying multi-row, multi-column text and graphic information; it provides real-time statistics on discharge and charging power to assess the rationality of the entire power generation system configuration; it allows online programming of different electrical parameters to adapt to different system operations; and it has access control functions to ensure that the controller parameters are not tampered with.

[0031] The communication unit features an RS485 interface to enable data communication between the MPPT controller and the host computer or other devices. The RS485 interface utilizes a dedicated RS485 transceiver chip and employs a magnetic coupling isolation scheme, providing excellent anti-interference capabilities and stable communication performance. This allows for long-distance data transmission, reaching distances of several kilometers.

[0032] For example, please refer to 2. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a MOS driving unit is shown. (For example...) Figure 2As shown, the MOS driving unit provided in this application embodiment includes: a DC-DC isolated power supply U1, a driving chip IC1, and a first field-effect transistor U2.

[0033] The input terminal of the DC-DC isolated power supply is connected to the power supply, and the output terminal of the DC-DC isolated power supply outputs an isolation current to form electrical isolation between the control unit and the power conversion unit.

[0034] Specifically, the gate (G) of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the control interface of the control unit to receive PWM signals, the source (S) of the first field-effect transistor is grounded, the drain (D) of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the input terminal of the driver chip, and the output terminal of the driver chip is connected to the power conversion unit as the output terminal of the MOS driver unit.

[0035] U1 is a DC-DC isolated power supply that provides power to the high-side current sense amplifier driver chip. The high-side current sense amplifier uses a CA-IS3211 isolated driver chip from Chuantu Microelectronics to ensure electrical isolation between the control circuit and the power circuit, improving system reliability and anti-interference capability. The driver circuit can generate appropriate drive pulses based on the control signal output from the control unit to control the MOSFET's on and off states. The rising and falling edges of the drive pulses must be sufficiently steep to reduce MOSFET switching losses. Simultaneously, it receives signals from the protection circuit and quickly cuts off the power circuit to reduce further escalation of the fault.

[0036] For example, please refer to 3. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a power conversion unit is shown. (For example...) Figure 3 As shown, the power conversion unit includes: a second field-effect transistor Q1, a third field-effect transistor Q2, a fourth field-effect transistor Q3, a first inductor L1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6, and a seventh capacitor C6.

[0037] In this configuration, one end of the second capacitor serves as the first sub-output terminal of the power conversion unit and is connected to the sampling and protection unit. The other end of the second capacitor is connected to the source (S) terminal of the second field-effect transistor (FET). The gate (G) terminal of the second FET is connected to the driving unit. One end of the third capacitor is connected to one end of the second capacitor, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected to the other end of the second capacitor. One end of the fourth capacitor is connected to one end of the second capacitor, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the other end of the second capacitor. One end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the first capacitor. The other end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the first inductor, and the other end of the first inductor is connected to one end of the second resistor. The other end of the second resistor serves as the second sub-output terminal of the power conversion unit and is connected to the sampling and protection unit. The drain (D) terminal of the third FET is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor, and the gate (G) terminal of the third FET is connected to the driving unit. The source (S) terminal of the transistor is connected to the other end of the first capacitor. The other end of the first capacitor is also connected to one end of the third resistor. The other end of the third resistor is connected to one end of the eighth capacitor. The other end of the eighth capacitor is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor. The other end of the eighth capacitor is also grounded. The drain (D) terminal of the fourth field-effect transistor is connected to one end of the first inductor. The source (S) terminal of the fourth field-effect transistor is connected to the other end of the eighth capacitor. The gate (G) terminal of the fourth field-effect transistor is connected to the driving unit. One end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the other end of the first inductor. The other end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the other end of the eighth capacitor. One end of the sixth capacitor is connected to one end of the fifth capacitor. The other end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the other end of the fifth capacitor. One end of the seventh capacitor is connected to one end of the sixth capacitor. The other end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the other end of the sixth capacitor. One end of the second resistor and the other end of the second resistor serve as the third and fourth sub-output terminals of the power conversion unit, respectively, and are both connected to the sampling and protection unit.

[0038] Here, a synchronous rectification BUCK topology can be selected based on power requirements. In the BUCK circuit, a low on-resistance, high-voltage power MOSFET is used as the switching transistor to reduce switching losses and improve conversion efficiency. The synchronous rectification structure simulates the characteristics of a fast recovery diode, ensuring that the inductor current can smoothly freewheel when the main MOSFET is turned off, thereby reducing reverse recovery losses. Different power components are selected according to different power levels to meet diverse product needs, reducing development cycles and production inventory pressure.

[0039] The power change unit also includes an overvoltage protection circuit.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the overvoltage protection circuit includes a varistor RV1 and a first TVS diode VD1.

[0041] In this configuration, the negative terminal of the first TVS diode is connected to one end of the second capacitor, the positive terminal of the first TVS diode is connected to the other end of the second capacitor, one end of the varistor is connected to the negative terminal of the first TVS diode, and the other end of the varistor is connected to the positive terminal of the first TVS diode.

[0042] Here, a combination of varistor and TVS is used. The varistor exhibits high resistance under normal voltage; when the input voltage exceeds its threshold, the resistance rapidly decreases, dissipating the overvoltage energy. The TVS can quickly respond to transient overvoltages, clamping them within a safe voltage range and protecting downstream circuit components. A precision current sensing resistor is connected in series in the main circuit of the power conversion circuit; current information is obtained by detecting the voltage drop across the resistor.

[0043] For example, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a sampling and protection unit is shown. (For example...) Figure 4 As shown, the sampling and protection unit includes: a first voltage sampling subunit 401, a second voltage sampling subunit 402, a current sampling subunit 403, a temperature sampling subunit 404, and a short-circuit protection subunit 405.

[0044] The input terminal of the first voltage sampling subunit is connected to the first sub-output terminal of the power change unit, the input terminal of the second voltage sampling subunit is connected to the second sub-output terminal of the power change unit, the first and second input terminals of the current sampling subunit are respectively connected to the third and fourth sub-output units of the power change unit, the temperature sampling subunit is used to collect the temperature of the high-power MPPT control circuit, and the output terminals of the first voltage sampling subunit, the second voltage sampling subunit, the current sampling subunit, and the temperature sampling subunit are respectively connected to the control unit.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, the first voltage sampling subunit includes: a fourth resistor R4, a seventh resistor R7, and a ninth capacitor C7.

[0046] Wherein, one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first sub-output terminal of the power change unit as the input terminal of the first voltage sampling sub-unit, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to one end of the seventh resistor, the other end of the seventh resistor is grounded, one end of the ninth capacitor is connected to one end of the seventh resistor, the other end of the ninth capacitor is grounded, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the control unit as the output terminal of the first voltage sampling sub-unit.

[0047] like Figure 4As shown, the second voltage sampling subunit includes: a fifth resistor R5, an eighth resistor R8, and a tenth capacitor C10.

[0048] Wherein, one end of the fifth resistor is connected to the second sub-output terminal of the power change unit as the input terminal of the second voltage sampling sub-unit, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to one end of the eighth resistor, the other end of the eighth resistor is grounded, one end of the tenth capacitor is connected to one end of the eighth resistor, the other end of the tenth capacitor is grounded, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the control unit as the output terminal of the second voltage sampling sub-unit.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, the current sampling subunit includes: the ninth resistor R9, the tenth resistor R10, the eleventh resistor R11, the twelfth resistor R12, the thirteenth resistor R13, the eleventh capacitor C11, and the high-side current detection amplifier IC2.

[0050] Specifically, one end of the tenth resistor is connected to the third sub-output terminal of the sampling and protection unit, and the other end of the tenth resistor is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier IC2. One end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the fourth sub-output terminal of the sampling and protection unit, and the other end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the inverting output terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier IC2. The output terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier IC2 is connected to one end of the thirteenth resistor, and the other end of the thirteenth resistor serves as the output terminal of the current sampling sub-unit and is connected to the control unit. One end of the ninth resistor is connected to an external power supply, and the other end of the ninth resistor is connected to one end of the twelfth resistor. The other end of the twelfth resistor is grounded, and the other end of the ninth resistor is connected to the feedback terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier IC2. One end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the power supply terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier IC2, and the ground terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier IC2 is grounded.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the temperature sampling subunit includes: a sixth resistor R6 and a thermistor RT1.

[0052] In this configuration, one end of the sixth resistor is connected to an external power source, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to one end of the thermistor, the other end of the thermistor is grounded, and the other end of the sixth resistor serves as the output terminal of the temperature sampling subunit and is connected to the control unit.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, the short-circuit protection subunit includes: fourteenth resistor R14, fifteenth resistor R15, sixteenth resistor R16, seventeenth resistor R17, comparator IC3, and transistor Q4.

[0054] In this configuration, one end of the fourteenth resistor is grounded, the other end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to one end of the fifteenth resistor, the other end of the fifteenth resistor is connected to an external power supply, the other end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to the second input terminal of IC3, one end of the seventeenth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the current sampling subunit, the other end of the seventeenth resistor is connected to the first input terminal of IC3, one end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the output terminal of IC3, the other end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the base (B) of a transistor, the collector (C) of the transistor is connected to the MOS driving unit, and the emitter (E) of the transistor is grounded.

[0055] Here, voltage sampling uses a high-precision resistor voltage divider method to meet the requirements of accuracy and cost, and monitors the battery voltage and other parameters in real time. Current sampling adopts a high-side current sampling method. Since the high-side current sampling resistor is far from the ground wire, it can reduce the impact of ground wire noise on the measurement results and improve the stability and accuracy of the measurement. Temperature sampling measures the ambient temperature and the temperature of the control cavity through an NTC temperature resistor, and formulates different charging strategies based on the temperature to extend the battery's lifespan.

[0056] The short-circuit protection subunit inputs this voltage signal to the IC-dedicated current detection chip INA199. When the detected current value exceeds the short-circuit current threshold set at pin 3 of the IC3 comparator LMV331, the short-circuit protection is triggered. The protection action can be to immediately shut down the power MOSFET to cut off the current path, while simultaneously sending an overcurrent alarm signal to the MCU. To avoid false alarms, an appropriate delay circuit can be set to distinguish between normal current surges and genuine overcurrent faults.

[0057] Specifically, the auxiliary power supply unit includes a step-down unit, a first auxiliary power supply unit, a second auxiliary power supply unit, and a third auxiliary power supply unit.

[0058] The step-down unit is used to output a target voltage. One end of the first auxiliary power supply unit receives the target voltage, and the other end of the first auxiliary power supply unit outputs a first target voltage to power the control unit. One end of the second auxiliary power supply unit receives the target voltage, and the other end of the second auxiliary power supply unit outputs a second target voltage to power the drive unit. One end of the third auxiliary power supply unit receives the target voltage, and the other end of the third auxiliary power supply unit outputs a third target voltage to power the communication unit.

[0059] Here, the step-down unit can draw power from the photovoltaic array input port. IC4 uses a step-down DC / DC chip OC5801L, which can withstand a maximum input voltage of 150V, converting the high voltage of the system into +5V. The +5V voltage is divided into three paths. The first path generates +3.3V through the first auxiliary power supply unit to provide voltage for the microcontroller unit. The second auxiliary power supply unit converts the voltage to +12V through the boost DC / DC chip SDB628 of IC5 to provide operating voltage for the drive unit. The third auxiliary power supply unit directly connects the +5V to the communication unit to provide it with operating voltage.

[0060] The high-power MPPT control circuit and controller proposed in this application can improve the performance, reliability, manufacturability, maintainability and upgradeability of the high-power MPPT control circuit through reasonable unit division and optimized circuit design, with each unit adopting an independent design.

[0061] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0062] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0063] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0064] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and does not limit the scope of protection of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the innovative concept of this application and the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A high-power MPPT control circuit, characterized in that, It includes a control unit, a MOS drive unit, a power conversion unit, a sampling and protection unit, a display unit, and a communication unit. The control unit's communication interface is connected to the communication unit, the control interface of the control unit is connected to the input terminal of the MOS drive unit, the output terminal of the MOS drive unit is connected to the input terminal of the power change unit, the output terminal of the power change unit is connected to the input terminal of the sampling and protection unit, the first output terminal of the sampling and protection unit is connected to the sampling interface of the control unit, the second output terminal of the sampling and protection unit is also connected to the MOS drive unit, and the display interface of the control unit is also connected to the display unit.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an auxiliary power supply unit. The auxiliary power supply unit is connected to the MOS drive unit, the control unit, and the communication unit, respectively.

3. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The MOS driving unit includes a DC-DC isolated power supply, a driving chip, a first field-effect transistor, and a first resistor; The input terminal of the DC-DC isolated power supply is connected to the power supply, and the output terminal of the DC-DC isolated power supply outputs an isolation current to form electrical isolation between the control unit and the power change unit. The gate (G) of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the control interface of the control unit to receive PWM signals. The source (S) of the first field-effect transistor is grounded. The drain (D) of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the input terminal of the driver chip. The output terminal of the driver chip is connected to the power conversion unit as the output terminal of the MOS driver unit.

4. The circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power conversion unit includes a second field-effect transistor, a third field-effect transistor, a fourth field-effect transistor, a first inductor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, and a seventh capacitor. In this configuration, one end of the second capacitor serves as the first sub-output terminal of the power conversion unit and is connected to the sampling and protection unit. The other end of the second capacitor is connected to the source (S) terminal of the second field-effect transistor (FET). The gate (G) terminal of the second FET is connected to the driving unit. One end of the third capacitor is connected to one end of the second capacitor, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected to the other end of the second capacitor. One end of the fourth capacitor is connected to one end of the second capacitor, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the other end of the second capacitor. One end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the first capacitor. The other end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the first inductor, and the other end of the first inductor is connected to one end of the second resistor. The other end of the second resistor serves as the second sub-output terminal of the power conversion unit and is connected to the sampling and protection unit. The drain (D) terminal of the third FET is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor, and the gate (G) terminal of the third FET is connected to the driving unit. The source (S) terminal of the transistor is connected to the other end of the first capacitor. The other end of the first capacitor is also connected to one end of the third resistor. The other end of the third resistor is connected to one end of the eighth capacitor. The other end of the eighth capacitor is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor. The other end of the eighth capacitor is also grounded. The drain (D) terminal of the fourth field-effect transistor is connected to one end of the first inductor. The source (S) terminal of the fourth field-effect transistor is connected to the other end of the eighth capacitor. The gate (G) terminal of the fourth field-effect transistor is connected to the driving unit. One end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the other end of the first inductor. The other end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the other end of the eighth capacitor. One end of the sixth capacitor is connected to one end of the fifth capacitor. The other end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the other end of the fifth capacitor. One end of the seventh capacitor is connected to one end of the sixth capacitor. The other end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the other end of the sixth capacitor. One end of the second resistor and the other end of the second resistor serve as the third and fourth sub-output terminals of the power conversion unit, respectively, and are both connected to the sampling and protection unit.

5. The circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power conversion unit further includes an overvoltage protection circuit, which comprises a varistor and a first TVS diode. In this configuration, the negative terminal of the first TVS diode is connected to one end of the second capacitor, the positive terminal of the first TVS diode is connected to the other end of the second capacitor, one end of the varistor is connected to the negative terminal of the first TVS diode, and the other end of the varistor is connected to the positive terminal of the first TVS diode.

6. The circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sampling and protection unit includes a first voltage sampling subunit, a second voltage sampling subunit, a current sampling subunit, and a temperature sampling subunit. The input terminal of the first voltage sampling subunit is connected to the first sub-output terminal of the power change unit, the input terminal of the second voltage sampling subunit is connected to the second sub-output terminal of the power change unit, the first and second input terminals of the current sampling subunit are respectively connected to the third and fourth sub-output units of the power change unit, the temperature sampling subunit is used to collect the temperature of the high-power MPPT control circuit, and the output terminals of the first voltage sampling subunit, the second voltage sampling subunit, the current sampling subunit, and the temperature sampling subunit are respectively connected to the control unit.

7. The circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first voltage sampling subunit includes a fourth resistor, a seventh resistor, and a ninth capacitor. One end of the fourth resistor serves as the input terminal of the first voltage sampling subunit and is connected to the first sub-output terminal of the power change unit. The other end of the fourth resistor is connected to one end of the seventh resistor, and the other end of the seventh resistor is grounded. One end of the ninth capacitor is connected to one end of the seventh resistor, and the other end of the ninth capacitor is grounded. The other end of the fourth resistor serves as the output terminal of the first voltage sampling subunit and is connected to the control unit. The second voltage sampling subunit includes a fifth resistor, an eighth resistor, and a tenth capacitor. One end of the fifth resistor serves as the input terminal of the second voltage sampling subunit and is connected to the second sub-output terminal of the power change unit. The other end of the fifth resistor is connected to one end of the eighth resistor, and the other end of the eighth resistor is grounded. One end of the tenth capacitor is connected to one end of the eighth resistor, and the other end of the tenth capacitor is grounded. The other end of the fifth resistor serves as the output terminal of the second voltage sampling subunit and is connected to the control unit. The current sampling subunit includes a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, an eleventh capacitor, and a high-side current detection amplifier. One end of the tenth resistor is connected to the third sub-output terminal of the sampling and protection unit, and the other end is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier. One end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the fourth sub-output terminal of the sampling and protection unit, and the other end is connected to the inverting output terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier. The output terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier is connected to one end of the thirteenth resistor, and the other end of the thirteenth resistor serves as the output terminal of the current sampling subunit and is connected to the control unit. One end of the ninth resistor is connected to an external power supply, and the other end of the ninth resistor is connected to one end of the twelfth resistor. The other end of the twelfth resistor is grounded, and the other end of the ninth resistor is connected to the feedback terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier. One end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the power supply terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier, and the ground terminal of the high-side current detection amplifier is grounded. The temperature sampling subunit includes a sixth resistor and a thermistor. One end of the sixth resistor is connected to an external power supply, and the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to one end of the thermistor. The other end of the thermistor is grounded, and the other end of the sixth resistor serves as the output terminal of the temperature sampling subunit and is connected to the control unit.

8. The circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sampling and protection unit further includes a short-circuit protection subunit, which includes a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, a sixteenth resistor, a seventeenth resistor, a comparator, and a transistor. In this configuration, one end of the fourteenth resistor is grounded, the other end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to one end of the fifteenth resistor, the other end of the fifteenth resistor is connected to an external power supply, the other end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to the first input terminal of the comparator, one end of the seventeenth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the current sampling subunit, the other end of the seventeenth resistor is connected to the second input terminal of the comparator, one end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the comparator, the other end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the base (B) terminal of the transistor, the collector (C) terminal of the transistor is connected to the MOS driving unit, and the emitter (E) terminal of the transistor is grounded.

9. The circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The auxiliary power supply unit includes a step-down unit, a first auxiliary power supply unit, a second auxiliary power supply unit, and a third auxiliary power supply unit. The step-down unit is used to output a target voltage. One end of the first auxiliary power supply unit receives the target voltage, and the other end of the first auxiliary power supply unit outputs a first target voltage to power the control unit. One end of the second auxiliary power supply unit receives the target voltage, and the other end of the second auxiliary power supply unit outputs a second target voltage to power the drive unit. One end of the third auxiliary power supply unit receives the target voltage, and the other end of the third auxiliary power supply unit outputs a third target voltage to power the communication unit.

10. A controller, characterized in that, Includes the control circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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