Device for detecting rotating speed, indexing and displacement of main shaft of numerical control machine tool
By designing a protective structure with an isolation cover and an oil shield in the CNC machine tool spindle detection device, the problem of device failure caused by cutting fluid and oil contamination was solved, achieving higher detection accuracy and service life.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423267112.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing CNC machine tool spindle detection devices are prone to failure when contaminated by cutting fluid and oil, affecting detection accuracy and reliability.
A protective structure including an isolation cover and an oil shield is designed. The isolation cover forms a protective wall with the side shaft shield through notches and side shaft tubes to prevent cutting fluid and oil from splashing. The oil shield protects the magnetic induction encoder through a multi-layer barrier structure and heat dissipation holes to prevent liquid and dust contamination.
It effectively prevents cutting fluid and oil from contaminating the magnetic pole scale and magnetic induction encoder, improving the accuracy and stability of detection, extending the service life of the device, and reducing maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223588910U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model discloses numerical control machine tool spindle detection technical field, concretely is a numerical control machine tool spindle speed, indexing and displacement detection device. BACKGROUND
[0002] The numerical control machine tool spindle speed, indexing and displacement detection is the important link of ensuring the machine tool machining precision and efficiency, and the following covers its key technology and method. In the spindle speed detection aspect, usually with the help of the encoder or sensor installed on the spindle is realized, like the magnetic encoder or photoelectric encoder can be used for accurate measurement of the spindle rotation speed by some numerical control machine tool, and the data is fed back to the numerical control system. In the spindle indexing detection, the spindle indexing means that it can be accurately stopped at the specified angle position when rotating, which is of great significance to the workpiece of multi-surface machining or special angle machining, and the detection is usually achieved by the encoder or the indexing disc, which can provide high-precision angle measurement to ensure that the spindle is accurately stopped at the required position. The spindle displacement detection refers to the measurement of the spindle axial or radial displacement, which is extremely critical to ensure machining accuracy and prevent tool and workpiece collision, and is usually realized through linear encoder or displacement sensor, which can provide high-precision displacement measurement and feed back data to the numerical control system for real-time adjustment. In order to realize the spindle speed, indexing and displacement detection, the numerical control machine tool is generally equipped with a special detection system, including encoder, sensor, signal processing unit and numerical control system interface and other components, which cooperates to ensure that the spindle movement is accurately controlled and monitored. In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the detection system, regular maintenance and calibration are indispensable, such as checking the working state of the encoder and sensor, cleaning and replacing damaged parts, and performing system calibration and adjustment. From the latest technological progress, a digital numerical control machine tool spindle test system has been developed, which can test multiple items such as torque, vibration and displacement of the spindle and provide accurate readings and storage functions, and some systems use non-contact eddy current sensors, which can measure the displacement, vibration and other parameters of the spindle without contacting the spindle, thereby providing higher safety and measurement accuracy.
[0003] The utility model discloses a numerical control machine tool spindle speed, indexing and displacement detection device, including machine tool mounting bracket, drive piece and displacement monitoring mechanism, the output end of drive piece is fixedly connected with main drive shaft, drive piece is fixedly connected with machine tool mounting bracket, and displacement monitoring mechanism is fixedly connected with machine tool mounting bracket through screwing, the operator presses two positioning rods to the direction of positioning rod, makes the compression spring shrink under the pressure, positioning rod is received in the slide groove of the installation support at this time, two positioning rods are respectively taken out from the second clamping groove and the second clamping groove, after that, the magnetic induction encoder is pulled out to make the installation support take out, thereby realizing the disassembly of the magnetic induction encoder, the operation of the magnetic induction encoder is simple in this scheme, and the data debugging of the magnetic induction encoder is convenient in the later period, the convenience is increased, thereby more practical.
[0004] The above technology uses a positioning rod and a clamping groove to simplify the disassembly of the magnetic induction encoder, thereby simplifying the disassembly steps of the magnetic induction encoder, however, the magnetic induction encoder and the magnetic pole grating ruler need to be protected from cutting fluid and oil when in use, and many electronic elements will malfunction due to external liquid invasion when in use.
[0005] Therefore, in view of the above, the existing deficiencies are studied and improved, and a numerical control machine tool spindle speed, indexing and displacement detection device is provided. Practical new type content
[0006] (1) Technical problem to be solved
[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide a numerical control machine tool spindle speed, indexing and displacement detection device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.
[0008] (2) Technical scheme
[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a numerical control machine tool spindle speed, indexing and displacement detection device, comprising: a machine tool body, a workbench is arranged at the middle of the inner side of the machine tool body, a spindle body is horizontally arranged at the upper end of the workbench, a magnetic pole grating body is arranged on one side of the spindle body, an isolation cover plate is sleeved on one end of the spindle body outside the magnetic pole grating body, an N-shaped hole is formed at the middle of the inner side of the isolation cover plate, side shaft pipes are horizontally and fixedly arranged at the upper and lower ends of both sides of the isolation cover plate, side shaft shutters are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the side shaft pipes, and an adaptive top plate is movably arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the isolation cover plate.
[0010] The other side of the spindle body is sleeved with a bearing table, the outer surface of the bearing table is sleeved with a magnetic induction encoder body, and the outer side of the magnetic induction encoder body is sleeved with an auxiliary isolation structure.
[0011] Further, the isolation cover plate and the adaptive top plate constitute a flip activity, the inner side of the adaptive top plate is horizontally provided with a horizontal pipe, and the horizontal pipe horizontally arranged on the inner side of the adaptive top plate is connected with the upper end part of the isolation cover plate in a transverse penetrating manner, so that the adaptive top plate can help the isolation cover plate to perform a flip activity.
[0012] Further, the upper end semicircular structure of the hole matches the circular structure of the spindle body, so that the hole helps the isolation cover plate to be sleeved on the outer side of the spindle body.
[0013] Further, the height of the side shaft shutter is equal to the height of the isolation cover plate, so that the isolation cover plate and the side shaft shutter can completely block the same area of cutting fluid and oil.
[0014] Further, the auxiliary isolation structure includes an oil-proof cover, a first barrier shaft cover, a second barrier shaft cover and a heat dissipation hole, the outside of the magnetic induction encoder body is sleeved with the oil-proof cover, the front end of the inside of the oil-proof cover is provided with the first barrier shaft cover, one end of the first barrier shaft cover is provided with the second barrier shaft cover, the outside surface of the oil-proof cover is annularly provided with the heat dissipation hole, the middle part of the second barrier shaft cover, the first barrier shaft cover and the oil-proof cover is provided with a hole with a diameter larger than that of the main shaft body, so that the oil-proof cover, the first barrier shaft cover and the second barrier shaft cover can be sleeved outside the main shaft body.
[0015] Further, the thickness of the second barrier shaft cover is smaller than that of the first barrier shaft cover, so that the first barrier shaft cover can prevent the cutting fluid and the oil from directly invading the surface of the magnetic induction encoder body.
[0016] Further, the area of the second barrier shaft cover is larger than that of the magnetic induction encoder body, so that the second barrier shaft cover can completely cover the area of the magnetic induction encoder body.
[0017] (3) Beneficial effects
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
[0019] The utility model discloses a isolation cover plate cooperation adapts top plate and carries out the overturning activity, and the main shaft body passes through the hole of the middle part of the inside of the overturned isolation cover plate, and the side shaft pipe between the side shaft of the both sides of the isolation cover plate is connected, and the isolation cover plate protects the surface of the magnetic pole grating ruler body from the splashing of the cutting fluid and oil, and the side shaft baffle protects the splashing of the cutting fluid and oil, so that the magnetic pole grating ruler body does not fail when using because of the invasion of the cutting fluid and oil.
[0020] The utility model discloses an oil-proof cover is sleeved outside the main shaft body, and the oil-proof cover is sleeved with the bearing platform and the outside of the magnetic induction encoder body, and the first barrier shaft cover and the first barrier shaft cover carry out the first level and the second level of the outside of the magnetic induction encoder body to the prevention resistance, and the heat dissipation hole can reduce the heat generated when the magnetic induction encoder body and the bearing platform are used, so that the service life of the magnetic induction encoder body is improved, and the contamination of the magnetic induction encoder body by the external dust is reduced. ACCURATE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 It is the forward view structure schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 It is the side view structure schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 3 It is the shaft side view sectional structure schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0024] Figure 4 It is the structure schematic diagram of the axial side elevation section structure of the utility model;
[0025] Figure 5 It is the first auxiliary partition structure schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0026] Figure 6 It is the second auxiliary partition structure schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0027] In the drawing: 1, machine tool body;2, isolation cover plate;3, main shaft body;4, auxiliary partition structure;41, oil shield;42, first barrier shaft cover;43, second barrier shaft cover;44, heat dissipation hole;5, workbench;6, magnetic pole grating body;7, adaptive top plate;8, side shaft tube;9, side shaft shutter;10, missing hole;11, bearing table;12, magnetic induction encoder body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the utility model.
[0029] As Figures 1-6 Indicated, a numerical control machine tool spindle speed, division and displacement detection device, include: machine tool body 1, the middle of the inner side of machine tool body 1 is provided with workbench 5, the upper end of workbench 5 is horizontally placed with main shaft body 3, one side of main shaft body 3 is provided with magnetic pole grating body 6, the end of the outer side of main shaft body 3 close to magnetic pole grating body 6 is sleeved with isolation cover plate 2, the middle of the inner side of isolation cover plate 2 is provided with N-shaped missing hole 10, the upper and lower ends of the two sides of isolation cover plate 2 are horizontally fixedly provided with side shaft tube 8, the outer side of side shaft tube 8 is fixedly provided with side shaft shutter 9, the outer side of the upper end of isolation cover plate 2 is movably provided with adaptive top plate 7;
[0030] The other side of main shaft body 3 is sleeved with bearing table 11, the outer surface of bearing table 11 is sleeved with magnetic induction encoder body 12, the outer side of magnetic induction encoder body 12 is sleeved with auxiliary partition structure 4.
[0031] The rest, due to the opening of the hole 10 in the middle of the inner side of the isolation cover plate 2 can help the isolation cover plate 2 to be set on the outside of the main shaft body 3, the side shaft pipe 8 on both sides of the isolation cover plate 2 can connect the side shaft cover plate 9 with the isolation cover plate 2, at this time the isolation cover plate 2 is located in the front of the magnetic pole grating body 6, the side shaft cover plate 9 is located on both sides of the isolation cover plate 2, at this time the protective fence formed by the isolation cover plate 2 and the side shaft cover plate 9 can block the splashing of cutting fluid and oil on the surface of the main shaft body 3, the user can shorten the length of the side shaft pipe 8, the shorter length of the side shaft pipe 8 can shorten the distance between the side shaft cover plate 9 and the isolation cover plate 2, so as to increase the sealing degree of the isolation cover plate 2 and the side shaft cover plate 9, the user can smear anticorrosive material on the outer surface of the isolation cover plate 2, which can improve the corrosion resistance of the isolation cover plate 2.
[0032] The following effects and novel technologies are brought about:
[0033] First of all, in terms of protection and corrosion prevention, the protective structure composed of the isolation cover plate 2, the side shaft cover plate 9 and the adaptive top plate 7 has good effect, the N-shaped hole 10 in the middle of the isolation cover plate 2 facilitates the setting on the outside of the main shaft body 3, the side shaft pipe 8 on both sides connects the side shaft cover plate 9 to form a protective fence, which can effectively block the splashing of cutting fluid and oil on the surface of the main shaft body 3, protect the magnetic pole grating body 6 and the surrounding components, and ensure the accuracy and stability of detection; and the user can shorten the length of the side shaft pipe 8 to improve the sealing degree, which increases the flexibility of protection, and smearing anticorrosive material on the outer surface of the isolation cover plate 2 can improve the corrosion resistance, prolong the service life of the protective structure and reduce the maintenance cost. Secondly, the detection device is reasonably arranged, the magnetic pole grating body 6 is arranged on one side of the main shaft body 3 for displacement detection, and the magnetic induction encoder body 12 is arranged on the outer surface of the bearing table 11 on the other side, both of which bear different detection functions and work cooperatively to accurately detect the speed, indexing and displacement of the main shaft, and the overall layout helps to improve the performance of the device. Finally, the protective structure is novel, which is composed of multiple components and has adjustability, and the distance between the side shaft cover plate 9 and the isolation cover plate 2 is adjusted by the side shaft pipe 8 to enhance the sealing, which has innovation in the protection of the detection device of the numerical control machine tool. At the same time, the protective structure takes into account the corrosion prevention measures, and the concept of combining protection and corrosion prevention helps to improve the adaptability of the device in complex working environments.
[0034] As shown in Figures 1-6 The auxiliary isolation structure 4 includes an oil-proof cover 41, a first barrier shaft cover 42, a second barrier shaft cover 43 and a heat dissipation hole 44, the outer side of the magnetic induction encoder body 12 is sleeved with the oil-proof cover 41, the front end of the inner side of the oil-proof cover 41 is provided with the first barrier shaft cover 42, one end of the first barrier shaft cover 42 is provided with the second barrier shaft cover 43, the outer surface of the oil-proof cover 41 is annularly provided with the heat dissipation hole 44, and the middle of the second barrier shaft cover 43, the first barrier shaft cover 42 and the oil-proof cover 41 is provided with a hole with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the main shaft body 3:
[0035] The rest, because the first barrier shaft cover 42, the second barrier shaft cover 43 and the circular hole opened in the middle of the oil shield 41 inside can help the oil shield 41, the first barrier shaft cover 42 and the second barrier shaft cover 43 set on the outside of the main shaft body 3, the oil shield 41 can completely cover the outside of the magnetic induction encoder body 12, the first barrier shaft cover 42 moves to the position close to the heat dissipation hole 44, the second barrier shaft cover 43 moves to the position close to the magnetic induction encoder body 12, the second barrier shaft cover 43 can prevent dust from directly contacting the surface of the magnetic induction encoder body 12, the first barrier shaft cover 42 can prevent cutting liquid and oil from entering the inside of the oil shield 41 along the heat dissipation hole 44, so as to improve the use effect and service life of the magnetic induction encoder body 12.
[0036] Among them, the following effects and new technologies are brought:
[0037] The oil shield 41, the first barrier shaft cover 42 and the second barrier shaft cover 43 in the auxiliary isolation structure 4 form multiple layers of protection, and the suitable hole opened in the middle facilitates its setting on the outside of the main shaft body 3, so that the oil shield 41 can completely cover the magnetic induction encoder body 12, effectively preventing external factors from damaging the encoder. The second barrier shaft cover 43 is close to the magnetic induction encoder body 12, which can prevent dust from directly contacting the surface of the encoder, reducing the influence of dust on its precision and service life. The first barrier shaft cover 42 is close to the heat dissipation hole 44, which can prevent cutting liquid and oil from entering the inside of the oil shield 41 along the heat dissipation hole 44, thereby ensuring that the magnetic induction encoder body 12 works in a relatively clean and dry environment, improving its use effect and service life. The heat dissipation hole 44 opened annularly on the outside of the oil shield 41 is a clever design, which takes into account the heat dissipation demand of the magnetic induction encoder body 12 while ensuring protection. This way of reasonably arranging heat dissipation channels in the protection structure realizes the balance between protection and heat dissipation. The overall auxiliary isolation structure 4 design is novel, and through the synergistic effect of various components, it provides relatively comprehensive protection for the magnetic induction encoder body 12 in the detection device of the numerical control machine tool spindle, and also takes into account the necessary functions such as heat dissipation, which has certain innovativeness in similar detection device design.
[0038] Working principle: when the numerical control machine tool spindle speed, indexing and displacement detection device is used, first, the hole 10 in the middle of the inside of the isolation cover plate 2 is sleeved on the outside of the spindle body 3, the isolation cover plate 2 is turned over, the top plate 7 is matched with the isolation cover plate 2 to turn over, then the side shaft cover plate 9 is welded on the outside of the side shaft pipe 8, at this time, the side shaft cover plate 9 and the isolation cover plate 2 can effectively prevent the spindle body 3 and the cutting liquid and oil used by the workbench 5 from splashing, at the same time, the magnetic pole grating ruler body 6 starts to change the displacement of the spindle body 3, and based on the magneto-electric conversion, the magnetic head on the magnetic pole grating ruler body 6 reads the magnetization signal on the magnetic scale on the magnetic pole grating ruler body 6, converts the displacement into an electric signal output, so as to realize accurate position measurement, the oil-proof cover 41 sleeved on the outside of the spindle body 3 is moved, so that the oil-proof cover 41 is sleeved on the outside of the bearing table 11 and the magnetic induction encoder body 12, and the second blocking shaft cover 43 is close to the surface of the magnetic induction encoder body 12, after moving the first blocking shaft cover 42, the first blocking shaft cover 42 is close to one end of the heat dissipation hole 44 on the surface of the oil-proof cover 41, at the same time, based on the induction phenomenon of the magnetic field and the electromagnetic induction law, when the spindle body 3 changes the displacement or speed, the magnetic field around it will also change, the magnetic induction encoder body 12 obtains the position and speed information of the measurement object by inducting the change of the magnetic field, at this time, when the magnetic induction encoder body 12 measures the rotating speed of the spindle body 3, the oil-proof cover 41 can prevent most of the liquid and dust from adhering to the outside of the magnetic induction encoder body 12, which is the working principle of the numerical control machine tool spindle speed, indexing and displacement detection device.
[0039] The embodiments of the present application are given for the purpose of example and description, and are not exhaustive or limit the present application to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the present application, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present application so as to design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific purposes.
Claims
1. A device for detecting the rotational speed, indexing and displacement of the spindle of a numerically controlled machine tool, comprising: The machine tool body (1) is characterized in that a workbench (5) is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the machine tool body (1), the upper end of the workbench (5) is transversely arranged with a main shaft body (3), one side of the main shaft body (3) is arranged with a magnetic pole grating body (6), one end of the outer side of the main shaft body (3) close to the magnetic pole grating body (6) is sleeved with a isolation cover plate (2), the middle of the inner side of the isolation cover plate (2) is arranged with an N-shaped missing hole (10), the upper and lower ends of the two sides of the isolation cover plate (2) are transversely fixedly arranged with side shaft pipes (8), the outer side of the side shaft pipes (8) is fixedly arranged with side shaft cover plates (9), the outer side of the upper end of the isolation cover plate (2) is movably arranged with an adaptive top plate (7). The other side of the main shaft body (3) is sleeved with a bearing table (11), the outer surface of the bearing table (11) is sleeved with a magnetic induction encoder body (12), the outer side of the magnetic induction encoder body (12) is sleeved with an auxiliary isolation structure (4).
2. The spindle speed, indexing and displacement detection device for a numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation cover plate (2) and the adaptive top plate (7) are connected in a flip manner, the inner side of the adaptive top plate (7) is transversely arranged with a horizontal pipe, and the horizontal pipe arranged on the inner side of the adaptive top plate (7) is transversely connected with the upper end of the isolation cover plate (2).
3. The spindle speed, indexing and displacement detection device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end semicircular structure of the missing hole (10) is matched with the circular structure of the main shaft body (3).
4. The spindle speed, indexing and displacement detection device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the side shaft cover plate (9) is equal to the height of the isolation cover plate (2).
5. The spindle speed, indexing and displacement detection device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary isolation structure (4) comprises an oil-proof cover (41), a first barrier shaft cover (42), a second barrier shaft cover (43) and a heat dissipation hole (44), the outer side of the magnetic induction encoder body (12) is sleeved with the oil-proof cover (41), the inner side of the oil-proof cover (41) is provided with the first barrier shaft cover (42) at the front end, one end of the first barrier shaft cover (42) is provided with the second barrier shaft cover (43), the outer side surface of the oil-proof cover (41) is annularly arranged with the heat dissipation hole (44), and the middle of the second barrier shaft cover (43), the first barrier shaft cover (42) and the oil-proof cover (41) is arranged with a hole with a diameter larger than that of the main shaft body (3).
6. A numerical control machine tool spindle speed, indexing and displacement detection device according to claim 5, characterised in that, The thickness of the second barrier shaft cover (43) is smaller than that of the first barrier shaft cover (42).
7. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the apparatus is characterized by: The area of the second barrier shaft cover (43) is larger than that of the magnetic induction encoder body (12).