Full-circuit temperature control aquarium heater and aquarium

Abstract

The utility model discloses a full-circuit temperature control aquarium heater and an aquarium. The heater comprises three layers of spiral heating wires, the three-layer spiral heating wire comprises a flexible supporting body, a heating wire spirally wound on the flexible supporting body, a fusible body wrapping the outer side of the heating wire, a temperature sensing wire spirally wound outside the fusible body, and an insulator wrapping the outer side of the temperature sensing wire. And a fuse is coated inside the fusible body. The three-layer spiral heating wire can be freely arranged in aquariums of different shapes, the requirement of most aquariums for temperature uniformity is met, meanwhile, the temperature detection circuit can achieve full-line temperature control of the whole heating wire, the temperature of the whole heating wire is kept accurate, and the temperature of the whole heating wire is kept constant. In addition, the safety protection circuit can prevent the heating wire from being damaged due to overheating or prevent safety accidents from occurring under the condition of dry burning or wrong use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of small household appliances, and specifically relates to a fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater and aquarium. Background Technology

[0002] As people's living standards improve, more and more people are keeping fish and turtles. Tropical fish, especially betta fish, have high ornamental value and are therefore increasingly popular. However, tropical fish are sensitive to cold and require relatively high aquarium water temperatures. If the aquarium water temperature is too low or there are large short-term temperature changes, tropical fish may become sick or even die.

[0003] Currently, aquarium heaters generally use traditional heating rods, especially those with bimetallic strip temperature control. This type of heater has two obvious drawbacks. One drawback is that this type of heater can only be installed in a specific location within the aquarium. Such localized heating cannot achieve uniform temperature distribution across different parts of aquariums of varying shapes, resulting in low temperature control accuracy and large temperature hysteresis. The other drawback is that this type of heater cannot meet the water temperature requirements of tropical fish, and it cannot completely prevent overheating and damage to the heating rod due to dry burning caused by thermostat failure, which could even lead to safety accidents. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a fully temperature-controlled aquarium that can evenly heat all parts of the aquarium while preventing overheating and potential safety accidents.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater, comprising a three-layer spiral heating wire;

[0006] The three-layer spiral heating wire includes a flexible support, a heating wire spirally wound on the flexible support, a fusible material covering the outside of the heating wire, a temperature-sensing wire spirally wound on the outside of the fusible material, and an insulator covering the outside of the temperature-sensing wire.

[0007] The fusible link contains a fuse.

[0008] The effect of the above setup is that the three-layer spiral heating wire has strong flexibility and plasticity, and has a certain length and flexibility. Therefore, it can be laid out arbitrarily in aquariums of various shapes. It can be evenly laid and wound inside the aquarium to evenly heat all parts of the aquarium.

[0009] The flexible support for the three-layer spiral heating wire can support the spiral winding of the heating wire, giving the entire three-layer spiral heating wire a certain degree of flexibility and toughness, so that it can be laid and wound inside the aquarium.

[0010] The heating wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire serves as the heating element, and heats the interior of the three-layer spiral heating wire.

[0011] The temperature-sensing wire of this invention, consisting of a three-layer spiral heating wire, is used to collect water temperature data, thereby controlling the water temperature within a set range.

[0012] When the three-layer spiral heating wire of this invention is accidentally exposed to the water surface or other abnormally high temperatures occur, the fusible link between the heating wire and the protective wire melts, connecting the heating wire to the protective wire. The current in the heating wire triggers the protective wire, thereby cutting off the heating power to the heating wire and stopping heating, thus protecting the aquarium.

[0013] Furthermore, the fusible element includes a first fusible element covering the outside of the heating wire, a protective wire spirally wound around the first fusible element, and a second fusible element covering the outside of the protective wire.

[0014] The above setup has the following effects: the first and second fusible elements are positioned on both sides of the protective wire, preventing the product from overheating and causing safety hazards and property damage. At the same time, the layered structure of the fusible elements is more conducive to processing.

[0015] Furthermore, the fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater also includes a controller and connecting wires;

[0016] The controller and the three-layer spiral heating wire are connected by the connecting wire.

[0017] The above settings produce the following effects: Through the controller and connecting cable, the heating of the three-layer spiral heating wire can be controlled and heating can be stopped immediately to maintain the water temperature and prevent safety accidents.

[0018] Furthermore, the three-layer spiral heating wire and the connecting wire are connected via a terminal block;

[0019] The terminal block is sealed with a silicone tube, and sealing silicone is injected into both ends of the silicone tube.

[0020] The above setup achieves the following effect: the silicone tube and sealing silicone serve to waterproof and secure the joint.

[0021] Furthermore, the three-layer spiral heating wire includes two heating wires, two temperature-sensing wires, and two protective wires; the connecting wire includes five wire ends; and the terminal block is provided with five pairs of soldering points.

[0022] Two heating wires and two temperature sensing wires are soldered to four soldering points on one side of the terminal block, and two protective wires are soldered to the same soldering point on the same side of the terminal block. The five ends of the connecting wire connected to the controller are soldered to five soldering points on the other side of the terminal block, thus realizing the connection of the three-layer spiral heating wire and the connecting wire.

[0023] The above settings result in the following: the connection between the three-layer spiral heating wire and the controller is more reliable through the junction box and connecting wires, and the controller can more reliably obtain and control the working status and signals of the three-layer spiral heating wire.

[0024] Furthermore, the temperature-sensing wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire is a temperature-sensing resistance wire.

[0025] The effects of the above settings are as follows: The temperature-sensing wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire of this utility model is made of temperature-sensitive resistance wire, which changes with temperature. Utilizing this principle of temperature change of the temperature-sensing wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire, the voltage on the temperature-sensing wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire can be detected in real time through the temperature detection circuit of the controller. The current water temperature can be detected in real time, thereby controlling the temperature of the aquarium between 20℃ and 35℃, which is suitable for the survival of most fish and turtles.

[0026] Furthermore, the controller includes a temperature detection circuit;

[0027] The temperature detection circuit includes a microcontroller U1, resistors R8, R9, and R10, capacitors C7 and C8, potentiometer DWQ, and the temperature-sensing wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire.

[0028] One end of resistor R8 is connected to pin d of microcontroller U1, and the other end is connected to the N terminal of the 220V power supply. At the same time, it is connected to pin e of microcontroller U1 through capacitor C8. It is connected to potentiometer DWQ through resistor R10. The center tap of potentiometer DWQ is connected to pin e of microcontroller U1. The other end of potentiometer DWQ is connected to pin d of microcontroller U1 after being connected in series with resistor R9 and capacitor C7.

[0029] Furthermore, the controller also includes a zero-crossing detection circuit;

[0030] The zero-crossing detection circuit includes a microcontroller U1, resistors R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, transistor Q1, and resistor R7.

[0031] Resistors R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 are connected in series. Resistor R6 is connected to the base of transistor Q1. The collector of transistor Q1 is connected to pin b of microcontroller U1. At the same time, the collector of transistor Q1 is also connected to pin f of microcontroller U1 chip through resistor R7.

[0032] Furthermore, the controller also includes a power supply circuit;

[0033] The power supply circuit includes a fuse FU1, a capacitor C1, a resistor R1, a rectifier diode D1, a rectifier diode D2, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a Zener diode VD1, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, and a three-terminal regulator 78L05.

[0034] One end of fuse FU1 is connected to capacitor C1 and resistor R1 in parallel. The other end of capacitor C1 and resistor R1 is connected to capacitors C2, C3, and Zener diode VD1 in parallel after being rectified by rectifier diodes D1 and D2. The other end of capacitors C2, C3, and Zener diode VD1 in parallel is connected to the Vin pin of three-terminal voltage regulator 78L05. The GND pin of three-terminal voltage regulator 78L05 is connected to the C pin of microcontroller U1 and then connected back to the N terminal of the 220V power supply. Capacitors C4, C5, and C6 are connected in parallel between the Vout pin of three-terminal voltage regulator 78L05 and the N terminal of the 220V power supply as filter capacitors.

[0035] Furthermore, the controller also includes a safety protection circuit;

[0036] The safety protection circuit includes a microcontroller U1, a capacitor C9, a Zener diode VD2, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, and a protective wire for the three-layer spiral heating wire.

[0037] After capacitor C9, Zener diode VD2, and resistor R11 are connected in parallel, one end of the parallel connection is connected to pin h of microcontroller U1, and at the same time, it is connected to the protective wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire through series resistor R12. The other end is connected to the N terminal of the 220V power supply.

[0038] When the heating wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire overheats due to a fault, reaching the melting temperature of the first fusible element of the three-layer spiral heating wire, the heating wire and the protective wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire come together. The corresponding voltage generated on the protective wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire is given a high level by the voltage regulation circuit composed of capacitor C9, Zener diode VD2, resistor R11, and resistor R12 to the microcontroller U1. The microcontroller U1 cuts off the output of pin a, which disconnects the heating power supply of the heating wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire.

[0039] Furthermore, the controller also includes an output control circuit;

[0040] The output control circuit consists of diode D3, resistor R13, resistor R14, light-emitting diode (LED), and silicon controlled rectifier (SCR).

[0041] Diode D3 and resistor R13 are connected in series, with one end connected to pin a of microcontroller U1 and the other end connected to the gate of the SCR. The L terminal of the 220V power supply is connected to the anode of the SCR via fuse FU1, and the cathode of the SCR is connected back to the N terminal of the 220V power supply via resistor R14 and LED.

[0042] The effects of the above settings are as follows: The working principle of this utility model is that 220V AC power passes through fuse FU1, which acts as a current protection circuit. A varistor VDR is connected in parallel between 220V and the voltage level to protect against surge voltage. When there is a surge voltage in the power grid, the varistor VDR can absorb it, thus protecting the subsequent circuits. The power supply circuit, composed of fuse FU1, capacitor C1, resistor R1, rectifier diodes D1 and D2, capacitors C2 and C3, Zener diode VD1, capacitors C4, C5, and C6, and a three-terminal voltage regulator 78L05, first reduces the voltage through capacitor C1 and resistor R1, then rectifies the voltage to DC through rectifier diodes D1 and D2, then regulates it to 9V DC through capacitors C2 and C3 and Zener diode VD1, and finally regulates it to 5V through the three-terminal voltage regulator 78L05, providing a 5V regulated power supply for the microcontroller U1 and other branches.

[0043] The microcontroller U1, resistors R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6, transistor Q1, and resistor R7 form a zero-crossing detection circuit. When the 220V voltage is close to 0V, the base voltage of transistor Q1 is 0, and transistor Q1 is in the cutoff state. The 5V voltage output from pin 3 of the three-terminal regulator 78L05 is supplied to pin b of microcontroller U1 through resistor R7. After receiving the 5V high level, microcontroller U1 outputs a heating signal. This working mode can avoid interference with the power grid.

[0044] After turning on the power switch and selecting the temperature using potentiometer DWQ, when the microcontroller U1 detects that the power supply voltage is close to 0V through the zero-crossing detection circuit and the water temperature is lower than the set temperature through the temperature detection circuit, pin a of the microcontroller U1 sends a control signal to turn on the SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier). At this time, the heating wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire is connected to the 220V AC voltage and begins to heat up, while the LED indicator lights up. When the SCR fails due to breakdown, the rectifier diode D4 burns out the fuse FU1 during the negative half-cycle of the 220V power supply, thus protecting the SCR from failure.

[0045] When the temperature of the heating wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire exceeds the melting temperature of the first fusible link between the heating wire and the protective wire, the first fusible link of the three-layer spiral heating wire melts, causing the heating wire and the protective wire to connect. The protective wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire sends a high level to pin h of the microcontroller U1. The microcontroller U1 then sends a signal to cut off the output of pin a, thereby disconnecting the SCR and cutting off the heating power supply to the heating wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire.

[0046] Zener diode VD2 and capacitor C9 form a voltage regulator circuit, limiting the voltage supplied by the protective wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire to no more than 5V, thereby protecting the microcontroller U1 from damage by excessive voltage.

[0047] When the three-layer spiral heating wire of this invention is accidentally exposed to the water surface or other abnormally high temperatures occur, the first fusible link between the heating wire and the protective wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire melts. The current on the heating wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire is transmitted to the microcontroller U1 through the protective wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire. The microcontroller U1 then cuts off the silicon controlled rectifier (SCR), thereby cutting off the heating power supply to the heating wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire. The heating wire of the three-layer spiral heating wire stops heating, thus protecting the safety of the aquarium.

[0048] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a fully temperature-controlled aquarium, including an aquarium body and a fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater as described in the first aspect.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows:

[0050] 1. The three-layer spiral heating wire of this utility model has good flexibility and can be arranged arbitrarily in aquariums of various shapes, which can meet the temperature uniformity requirements of most aquariums.

[0051] 2. The temperature detection circuit of this utility model can realize full-circuit temperature control of the entire three-layer spiral heating wire, maintain the precise temperature of the entire three-layer spiral heating wire, and thus achieve precise temperature control of various parts of the aquarium.

[0052] 3. The safety protection circuit of this utility model can prevent the entire three-layer spiral heating wire from overheating and being damaged or causing a safety accident in the event of dry burning or misuse. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 This is a working drawing of this utility model;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a wiring diagram for this practical connection cable;

[0055] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the three-layer spiral heating wire structure of this utility model;

[0056] Figure 4 This is the circuit diagram of the controller of this utility model.

[0057] In the diagram, 1-Aquarium, 2-Three-layer spiral heating wire, 3-Connecting wire, 4-Silicone tube, 5-Controller, 6-Connecting board, 7-Heating wire, 8-Protective wire, 9-Temperature sensing wire, 101-First fusible element, 102-Second fusible element, 11-Flexible support, 12-Insulator. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this embodiment and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this embodiment. Example 1

[0060] This embodiment provides a fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater, including a three-layer spiral heating wire 2;

[0061] The three-layer spiral heating wire 2 includes a flexible support 11, a heating wire 7 spirally wound on the flexible support 11, a fusible material covering the outside of the heating wire 7, a temperature sensing wire 9 spirally wound on the outside of the fusible material, and an insulator 12 covering the outside of the temperature sensing wire 9.

[0062] The fusible body is internally encased with a fuse 8.

[0063] Implementation principle: The three-layer spiral heating wire 2 has strong flexibility and plasticity, and has a certain length and flexibility. Therefore, it can be laid out in aquariums of various shapes. It can be evenly laid and wound inside the aquarium to evenly heat all parts of the aquarium.

[0064] The flexible support 11 can support the three-layer spiral heating wire 2, serving as the overall strength support while possessing a certain degree of flexibility and toughness, thus allowing it to be laid and wound inside the aquarium.

[0065] The heating wire 7 acts as a heating wire, playing a heating role inside the three-layer spiral heating wire 2.

[0066] The fusible element is placed on both sides of the protective wire 8. In the event of temperature runaway, the protective wire 8 transmits the temperature signal to the controller 2, and then cuts off the power supply to the heating wire 7, so that the product does not overheat and cause safety hazards and property damage.

[0067] The temperature-sensing wire 9 of the three-layer spiral heating wire of this invention is used to collect water temperature, thereby controlling the water temperature within a set range.

[0068] When the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 of this utility model is accidentally exposed to the water surface or other abnormally high temperature occurs, the first fusible element 101 between the heating wire 7 and the protective wire 8 will melt, the heating wire will connect with the protective wire 8, and the current on the heating wire 7 will trigger the protective wire 8, thereby cutting off the power supply to the three-layer spiral heating wire 2, stopping the heating, and protecting the safety of the aquarium. Example 2

[0069] This embodiment provides a fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater, including an aquarium 1, a controller 5, a connecting wire 6, and a three-layer spiral heating wire 2. The controller 5 and the three-layer spiral heating wire 2, which is installed inside the aquarium, are connected by the connecting wire 6. The controller 2 consists of a zero-crossing detection circuit, a power supply circuit, a temperature detection circuit, a safety protection circuit, and an output control circuit.

[0070] The zero-crossing detection circuit consists of a microcontroller U1, resistors R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, a transistor Q1, and resistor R7. The circuit connection is as follows: resistors R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 are connected in series, resistor R6 is connected to the base of transistor Q1, the collector of transistor Q1 is connected to pin b of microcontroller U1, and the collector of transistor Q1 is also connected to pin f of microcontroller U1 chip through resistor R7.

[0071] The power supply circuit consists of fuse FU1, capacitor C1, resistor R1, rectifier diodes D1 and D2, capacitors C2 and C3, Zener diode VD1, capacitors C4, C5, and C6, and a three-terminal voltage regulator 78L05. The circuit connection is as follows: the 220V power supply (L terminal) passes through the power switch, then through fuse FU1, then through capacitor C1 and resistor R1 (C1 and R1 in parallel) to reduce the voltage, and finally through rectifier diodes D1 and D2. The diode D2 rectifies the voltage, and after being regulated by capacitors C2, C3, and Zener diode VD1 (C2, C3, and VD1 are connected in parallel), it is connected to the Vin pin of the three-terminal regulator 78L05. The GND pin of the three-terminal regulator 78L05 is connected to the C pin of the microcontroller U1 and then connected back to the N terminal of the 220V power supply. Capacitors C4, C5, and C6 are connected in parallel between the Vout pin of the three-terminal regulator 78L05 and the N terminal of the 220V power supply as filter capacitors.

[0072] The temperature detection circuit consists of a microcontroller U1, resistors R8, R9, and R10, capacitors C7 and C8, a potentiometer DWQ, and the temperature-sensing wire 9 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2. The circuit connection is as follows: one end of resistor R8 is connected to pin d of microcontroller U1, and the other end is connected to the N terminal of the 220V power supply. Simultaneously, it is connected to pin e of microcontroller U1 through capacitor C8. Resistor R10 is connected to potentiometer DWQ, and the center tap of DWQ is connected to pin e of microcontroller U1. The other end of potentiometer DWQ is connected in series with resistor R9 and capacitor C7 and then connected to pin d of microcontroller U1.

[0073] The safety protection circuit consists of a microcontroller U1, a capacitor C9, a Zener diode VD2, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, and a protective wire 3 for the three-layer spiral heating wire 2. The circuit connection is as follows: the capacitor C9, the Zener diode VD2, and the resistor R11 are connected in parallel, and one end of the parallel connection is connected to the h pin of the microcontroller U1. At the same time, it is connected to the protective wire 8 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 through the series resistor R12. The other end is connected to the N terminal of the 220V power supply. When the heating wire 7 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 overheats due to a fault and reaches the melting temperature of the first fusible element 101 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2, the heating wire 7 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 connects with the protective wire 8. A corresponding voltage is generated on the protective wire 8 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2. Through the voltage regulation circuit composed of capacitor C9, Zener diode VD2, resistor R11, and resistor R12, a high level is given to the microcontroller U1. The microcontroller U1 cuts off the output of pin a, which disconnects the heating power supply of the heating wire 7 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2.

[0074] The output control circuit consists of diode D3, resistors R13 and R14, an LED, and a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR). The circuit connection is as follows: diode D3 and resistor R13 are connected in series, one end connected to pin a of microcontroller U1, and the other end connected to the gate of the SCR. The L terminal of the 220V power supply is connected to the anode of the SCR via fuse FU1, and the cathode of the SCR is connected back to the N terminal of the 220V power supply via resistor R14 and the LED.

[0075] The three-layer spiral heating wire 2 of this utility model includes a flexible support body 11, a heating wire 7 spirally wound on the flexible support body 11, a first fusible body 101 covering the outside of the heating wire 7, a protective wire 8 spirally wound on the outside of the first fusible body 101, a second fusible body 102 covering the outside of the protective wire 8, a temperature-sensing wire 9 spirally wound on the outside of the second fusible body 102, and an insulator 12 covering the outside of the temperature-sensing wire 9.

[0076] The heating wire 7 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 of this utility model is used for heating.

[0077] The protective wire 8 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 of this invention is used to transmit the temperature signal to the controller 2 in the event of temperature runaway, and then cut off the power supply to the heating wire 7, so that this invention will not overheat and cause safety hazards and property damage.

[0078] The temperature-sensing wire 9 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 of this invention is used to collect water temperature.

[0079] The three-layer spiral heating wire 2 of this invention has a certain length and flexibility, so it can be arranged arbitrarily in aquariums of various shapes.

[0080] The resistance of the temperature-sensing wire 9 in the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 of this invention changes with temperature. Utilizing this principle of temperature change of the temperature-sensing wire 9, the voltage on the temperature-sensing wire 9 is detected in real time by the temperature detection circuit of the controller 2. The current water temperature can be detected in real time, thereby controlling the temperature of the aquarium 1 between 20℃ and 35℃, which is suitable for the survival of most fish and turtles.

[0081] When the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 of this utility model is accidentally exposed to the water surface or other abnormally high temperature occurs, the first fusible element 101 between the heating wire 7 and the protective wire 8 will melt. The current on the heating wire 7 will be transmitted to the microcontroller U1 through the protective wire 8. The microcontroller U1 will then cut off the power supply to the silicon controlled rectifier (SCR), thereby disconnecting the heating and protecting the safety of the aquarium.

[0082] In some embodiments, the fusible body with the fuse 8 inside can be structurally divided into: a first fusible body 101 covering the outside of the heating wire 7, a protective wire 8 spirally wound around the first fusible body 101, and a second fusible body 102 covering the outside of the protective wire 8.

[0083] The first fusible element 101 and the second fusible element 102 are disposed on both sides of the protective wire 8. In the event of temperature runaway, the protective wire 8 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 transmits the temperature signal to the controller 5, and then cuts off the heating power supply of the heating wire 7 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2, so that the product does not overheat and cause safety hazards and property damage. At the same time, the layered structure of the fusible element is more conducive to processing.

[0084] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: 220V AC power passes through fuse FU1, which acts as a current protection circuit. A varistor VDR is connected in parallel between 220V and the voltage level to protect against surge voltage. When there is a surge voltage in the power grid, the varistor VDR can absorb it, thus protecting the subsequent circuits. The power supply circuit, composed of fuse FU1, capacitor C1, resistor R1, rectifier diodes D1 and D2, capacitors C2 and C3, Zener diode VD1, capacitors C4, C5, and C6, and a three-terminal voltage regulator 78L05, first reduces the voltage through capacitor C1 and resistor R1, then rectifies the voltage to DC through rectifier diodes D1 and D2, then regulates it to 9V DC through capacitors C2 and C3 and Zener diode VD1, and finally regulates it to 5V through the three-terminal voltage regulator 78L05, providing a 5V regulated power supply for the microcontroller U1 and other branches.

[0085] The microcontroller U1, resistors R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6, transistor Q1, and resistor R7 form a zero-crossing detection circuit. When the 220V voltage is close to 0V, the base voltage of transistor Q1 is 0, and transistor Q1 is in the cutoff state. The 5V voltage output from the Vout pin of the three-terminal regulator 78L05 is supplied to pin b of microcontroller U1 through resistor R7. After receiving the 5V high level, microcontroller U1 outputs a heating signal. This working mode can avoid interference with the power grid.

[0086] After turning on the power switch and selecting the temperature using potentiometer DWQ, when the microcontroller U1 detects that the power supply voltage is close to 0V through the zero-crossing detection circuit and the water temperature is lower than the set temperature through the temperature detection circuit, pin a of the microcontroller U1 sends a control signal to turn on the SCR. At this time, the heating wire 7 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 is connected to the 220V AC voltage and begins to heat up, while the LED indicator lights up. When the SCR fails due to breakdown, the rectifier diode D4 burns out the FU1 fuse during the negative half-cycle of the 220V power supply, thus protecting the SCR from failure.

[0087] When the temperature of the heating wire 7 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 exceeds the melting temperature of the first fusible link 101 between the heating wire 7 and the protective wire 8, the first fusible link 101 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 melts, causing the heating wire 7 and the protective wire 8 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 to connect. A high level is then given to the h pin of the microcontroller U1 through the protective wire 8 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2. The microcontroller U1 sends a signal to cut off the output of the OUT pin, thereby disconnecting the silicon controlled rectifier SCR and cutting off the heating power supply of the heating wire 7 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2.

[0088] Zener diode VD2 and capacitor C9 form a voltage regulator circuit, limiting the voltage supplied by the protective wire 8 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 to no more than 5V, thereby protecting the microcontroller U1 from damage by excessive voltage.

[0089] See Figure 1 The three-layer spiral heating wire 2 is coiled inside the aquarium 1. After the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 and the connecting wire 3 are connected, the joint is sealed with a silicone tube 4, and sealing silicone is poured into both ends of the silicone tube 4 to waterproof and fix the joint. After the controller 5 is connected to 220V AC voltage, the switch of the controller 5 is turned on, and the desired temperature setting can be rotated by rotating the knob. At the same time, the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 is heated through the connecting wire 3.

[0090] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 The heating wire 7 and the temperature sensing wire 9 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 are soldered to four soldering points on the terminal block 6, respectively. Two safety protection wires 8 are soldered to the same soldering point in the center of the terminal block 6. The five ends of the connecting wire 3 are soldered to five soldering points on the terminal block 6. This connects the three-layer spiral heating wire 1 and the connecting wire 3. Finally, the entire terminal block 6 is sealed with silicone tubing 4.

[0091] See Figure 4 After the controller is connected to a 220V AC power supply, turn on the power switch K and rotate the potentiometer DWQ. At this time, the microcontroller U1, resistors R8, R9, and R10, capacitors C7 and C8, potentiometer DWQ, and the temperature sensing wire 9 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 together form a temperature detection circuit to detect the water temperature of aquarium 1. If the water temperature of aquarium 1 is detected to be lower than the set temperature, the zero-crossing detection circuit composed of microcontroller U1, resistors R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6, transistor Q1, and resistor R7 detects that the voltage is close to 0V and, in conjunction with the temperature detection circuit, provides a control signal. The microcontroller U1 outputs a high level through pin a, controlling the SCR to conduct. The heating wire 7 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 is connected to the power supply and begins to heat, while the LED indicator light is lit. When the temperature of aquarium 1 reaches the set value, the temperature detection circuit detects this and stops sending signals to the microcontroller U1. Pin a of microcontroller U1 goes low, causing the SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier) ​​to disconnect, and the heating element 7 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 stops heating. When the temperature of aquarium 1 drops, the temperature detection circuit detects that the water temperature is below the set value again, repeating the above procedure to control the heating element 7 of the three-layer spiral heating wire 2 to heat up again, thus achieving the goal of maintaining a constant water temperature in aquarium 1. Example 3

[0092] This embodiment provides a fully temperature-controlled aquarium, including an aquarium body and a fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater as described in Embodiment 2.

[0093] The fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater features a flexible three-layer spiral heating wire that can be arranged in aquariums of various shapes, meeting the temperature uniformity requirements of most aquariums. The temperature detection circuit enables full-circuit temperature control of the entire heating wire, maintaining precise temperature control throughout the entire heating wire and thus ensuring accurate temperature control in all parts of the aquarium. The safety protection circuit prevents overheating damage or accidents caused by dry burning or improper use.

[0094] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0095] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0096] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0097] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0098] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater, characterized in that, Includes a three-layer spiral heating wire; The three-layer spiral heating wire includes a flexible support, a heating wire spirally wound on the flexible support, a fusible material covering the outside of the heating wire, a temperature-sensing wire spirally wound on the outside of the fusible material, and an insulator covering the outside of the temperature-sensing wire. The fusible link contains a fuse.

2. The fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fusible element includes a first fusible element covering the outside of the heating wire, a protective wire spirally wound around the first fusible element, and a second fusible element covering the outside of the protective wire.

3. The fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater also includes a controller and connecting wires; The controller and the three-layer spiral heating wire are connected by the connecting wire.

4. The fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater according to claim 3, characterized in that, The three-layer spiral heating wire and the connecting wire are connected via a terminal block; The terminal block is sealed with a silicone tube, and sealing silicone is injected into both ends of the silicone tube.

5. The fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater according to claim 4, characterized in that, The three-layer spiral heating wire includes two heating wires, two temperature sensing wires, and two protective wires; the connecting wire includes five wire ends; the terminal block is provided with five pairs of soldering points. Two heating wires and two temperature sensing wires are soldered to four soldering points on one side of the terminal block, and two protective wires are soldered to the same soldering point on one side of the terminal block. The five ends of the connecting wire are soldered to five soldering points on the other side of the terminal block, thus achieving the connection of the three-layer spiral heating wire and the connecting wire.

6. The fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature-sensing wire is a temperature-sensing resistance wire.

7. The fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater according to claim 3, characterized in that, The controller includes a zero-crossing detection circuit, a power supply circuit, a temperature detection circuit, a safety protection circuit, and an output control circuit.

8. A fully temperature-controlled aquarium, characterized in that, Includes the aquarium body and the fully temperature-controlled aquarium heater as described in any one of claims 1-7.

Images