Stubble crushing and burying device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of plant rhizome treatment, in particular to a stubble crushing and burying device which comprises a rack, and a horizontal rotary cutting assembly, a conveying assembly, a crushing roller, a cutting and stirring assembly and a transmission assembly are arranged on the rack. By adopting the three-stage crushing design of the horizontal rotary cutting assembly, the crushing roller and the cutting and stirring assembly, hard corn stubbles can be effectively treated. Wherein the crushing rollers can be used for rolling the corn stubbles, so that thick and strong parts in the stubbles are effectively crushed, and the subsequent cutting efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, horizontal cutting of the horizontal rotary cutting assembly is matched with spiral cutting of the cutting and stirring assembly, multi-directional cutting can be achieved, and the cutting efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of plant root and stem treatment technology, specifically to a root stubble crushing and burying device. Background Technology

[0002] In corn-soybean rotation areas, the common practice is to use either "straw crushing + deep plowing" or "straw crushing + no-till seeding" to treat the previous crop. However, after corn harvest, 10-15 cm of robust root stubble remains on the ground surface. This stubble is highly lignified and tough, and existing blade-type and hammer-claw-type straw crushers can only break the above-ground straw, failing to effectively crush the root stubble more finely.

[0003] Existing technologies, such as CN110972723A, although equipped with a scooping device and a crushing device, have a large crushing device, resulting in a bulky overall structure and poor field maneuverability. Furthermore, the crushed corn stubble is collected by the machine but not promptly returned to the field for burial. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a root stubble crushing and burial device that can continuously cut, transport, crush, and uniformly mix root stubble on the surface and in shallow underground layers with the soil, thereby achieving efficient crushing, burial, and rapid decomposition of root stubble residues.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A root stubble crushing and burying device includes a frame, on which a horizontal rotary cutting assembly, a conveying assembly, a crushing roller, a cutting and mixing assembly, and a transmission assembly are provided;

[0007] The horizontal rotary cutting assembly includes two oppositely arranged turntables, with a cutting head provided on the outer side of the turntables; the horizontal rotary cutting assembly is used to cut root stubble above the soil surface.

[0008] The conveying assembly is a conveyor belt, used to transport the stubble cut by the horizontal rotary cutting assembly to the crushing roller;

[0009] The crushing roller includes two oppositely arranged roller bodies for flattening and crushing root stubble.

[0010] The cutting and mixing assembly consists of two opposing augers that rotate in opposite directions. This assembly is used to cut the stubble after it has been processed by the crushing roller and to mix it evenly with the soil.

[0011] The transmission assembly includes a gearbox, a main drive shaft, and a main drive wheel, which drives the horizontal rotary cutting assembly, the conveying assembly, the crushing roller, and the cutting and mixing assembly to rotate.

[0012] As an improvement, the horizontal rotary cutting assembly includes a first support, with a bearing at the end of the first support, and the top of the turntable is connected to the bearing via a flange shaft;

[0013] The horizontal rotary cutting assembly is also provided with a first transmission assembly, which includes a first transmission shaft and a first transmission wheel. The first transmission shaft is fixed to the frame by bearings, and the first transmission wheel is located at the end of the first transmission shaft and is connected to the main transmission wheel by a belt drive pair.

[0014] A second drive shaft is provided above the first bracket, and the two ends of the second drive shaft are respectively connected to the first drive shaft and the flange shaft through bevel gears.

[0015] As an improvement, the end of the cutter head is provided with an upward-curved portion, and there is a smooth transition from the upward-curved portion to the root of the cutter head.

[0016] As an improvement, the conveyor belt is provided with a driving roller and a driven roller at both ends, and a second transmission wheel is provided at the end of the driving roller. The second transmission wheel is connected to the first transmission wheel through a belt drive pair.

[0017] The conveyor belt is inclined so that the stubble is lifted and transported to the crushing roller.

[0018] As an improvement, the two ends of the crushing roller are connected to the frame through fixed seats, and the fixed seats are provided with two opposing roller shafts, and the roller body is disposed on the roller shafts;

[0019] The crushing roller is provided with a second transmission assembly, which includes two first transmission gears connected to the roller shaft. The first transmission gears on the two roller shafts are engaged by the second transmission gear to ensure that the two rollers rotate synchronously in opposite directions.

[0020] One of the rollers is provided with a third transmission gear at its end. The frame is provided with a transition transmission wheel. A synchronously rotating transition transmission gear is provided on one side of the transition transmission wheel. The transition transmission wheel is connected to the main transmission wheel through a belt drive pair. The third transmission gear cooperates with the transition transmission gear.

[0021] As an improvement, the auger blades in the cutting and stirring assembly are spirally symmetrically distributed, and the two augers are respectively provided with a fourth transmission gear on the outside of the frame. The two fourth transmission gears are meshed with a fifth transmission gear to achieve synchronous reverse rotation.

[0022] One of the fourth transmission gears has a synchronously rotating pulley on one side, and is connected to the transition transmission wheel through a belt drive pair.

[0023] As an improvement, the frame is provided with elastic support wheels on both sides. Each elastic support wheel includes a seat fixed to the side wall of the frame. The seat is provided with a support rod and a sliding lifting component. A spring is sleeved on the support rod. The sliding lifting component is slidably connected to the support rod. The top and tail of the spring are respectively connected to the seat and the sliding lifting component. Rollers are provided on the outer side of the sliding lifting component.

[0024] As an improvement, a connecting rod is provided on the front side of the frame, and the two ends of the connecting rod are connected to the frame and external agricultural machinery respectively by hinges.

[0025] As an improvement, the input shaft of the gearbox is connected to an external power source via a universal coupling.

[0026] As an improvement, a partition is provided between the crushing roller and the cutting and mixing assembly.

[0027] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0028] This invention employs a three-stage crushing design consisting of a horizontal rotary cutting component, a crushing roller, and a cutting and mixing component, effectively processing hard corn stubble. The crushing roller compacts the corn stubble, effectively pulverizing the coarse parts and improving subsequent cutting efficiency. Simultaneously, the horizontal cutting of the rotary cutting component, combined with the helical shearing of the cutting and mixing component, achieves multi-directional shearing, further enhancing cutting efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a root stubble crushing and burying device in Example 1.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the transmission component in a stubble crushing and burying device in Example 1.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the horizontal rotary cutting component in a stubble crushing and burying device in Example 1.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the turntable in a stubble crushing and burying device in Example 1.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the conveying component in a stubble crushing and burial device according to Example 1.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the internal structure of the frame in a stubble crushing and burying device in Example 1.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the second transmission component in a stubble crushing and burying device in Example 1.

[0036] Figure 8This is a structural diagram of the third transmission gear in a stubble crushing and burying device in Example 1.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the bottom of a root stubble crushing and burying device in Example 1.

[0038] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the elastic support wheel in a stubble crushing and burying device in Example 1.

[0039] Figure 11 This is a reference diagram showing the usage status of a stubble crushing and burying device in Example 1.

[0040] The image shows:

[0041] 100, Frame; 101, Transition drive wheel; 102, Transition drive gear; 103, Elastic support wheel; 104, Base; 105, Support rod; 106, Sliding lifting component; 107, Spring; 108, Roller; 109, Connecting rod; 110, Hinge.

[0042] 200, Horizontal rotary cutting assembly; 201, Turntable; 202, Cutting head; 203, First support; 204, Flange shaft; 205, First transmission assembly; 206, First transmission shaft; 207, First transmission wheel; 208, Second transmission shaft; 209, Bevel gear; 210, Upward-curving part.

[0043] 300, conveying assembly; 301, conveyor belt; 302, drive roller; 303, driven roller; 304, second drive wheel.

[0044] 400, crushing roller; 401, roller body; 402, fixed base; 403, roller shaft; 404, second transmission assembly; 405, first transmission gear; 406, second transmission gear; 407, third transmission gear; 408, crushing tooth.

[0045] 500, Cutting and mixing assembly; 501, Screwdriver; 502, Fourth transmission gear; 503, Fifth transmission gear; 504, Pulley.

[0046] 600, Transmission assembly; 601, Gearbox; 602, Main drive shaft; 603, Main drive wheel; 604, Universal coupling.

[0047] 700, bearing; 800, partition; 900, external agricultural machinery. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Example 1

[0049] This embodiment discloses a root stubble crushing and burying device, such as Figure 1 As shown, the assembly includes a frame 100, on which a horizontal rotary cutting assembly 200, a conveying assembly 300, a crushing roller 400, a cutting and mixing assembly 500, and a transmission assembly 600 are mounted. Figure 2 As shown, the transmission assembly 600 includes a gearbox 601, a main drive shaft 602, and a main drive wheel 603, and drives the horizontal rotary cutting assembly 200, the conveying assembly 300, the crushing roller 400, and the cutting and mixing assembly 500 to rotate through the main drive wheel 603.

[0050] This invention primarily addresses stubble treatment in fields where corn and soybeans are rotated. Corn has a well-developed root system, resulting in a large amount of hard, high-quality stubble above the soil surface after harvest. Traditional stubble-cutting and clearing components struggle to effectively break it up, leading to difficulties in subsequent cultivation. To address this issue, this invention features a two-stage crushing structure. First, a horizontal rotary cutting component cuts the hard stubble above the soil surface, which is then crushed into a loose texture by a crushing roller. Next, a cutting and mixing component further shreds the stubble, achieving both pulverization and burial of the hard stubble. Simultaneously, the fine root fragments remaining below the soil surface are cut and thoroughly mixed with the soil by the cutting and mixing component, increasing soil organic matter content and improving soil aggregate structure.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the horizontal rotary cutting assembly 200 includes two opposing turntables 201. Cutting heads 202 are provided on the outer sides of the turntables 201. During operation, the turntables 201 rotate horizontally above the soil surface, cutting the root stubble above the soil surface through the cutting heads 202. Both turntables 201 rotate inwards. The cut root stubble is thrown into the conveying assembly 300.

[0052] The horizontal rotary cutting assembly 200 also includes a first support 203, with a bearing 700 at its end. The top of the turntable 201 is connected to the bearing 700 via a flange shaft 204. The horizontal rotary cutting assembly 200 also includes a first transmission assembly 205, which includes a first transmission shaft 206 and a first transmission wheel 207. The first transmission shaft 206 is fixed to the frame 100 via the bearing 700. The first transmission wheel 207 is located at the end of the first transmission shaft 206 and is connected to the main transmission wheel 603 via a belt drive pair. A second transmission shaft 208 is located above the first support 203, with both ends of the second transmission shaft 208 engaging with the first transmission shaft 206 and the flange shaft 204 respectively via bevel gears 209. When the main drive wheel 603 rotates, power is transmitted to the first drive wheel 207 via the belt drive pair, driving the first drive shaft 206 to rotate. The power is then transmitted to the second drive shaft 208 and the flange shaft 204 via the bevel gear 209, ultimately driving the turntable 201 to rotate horizontally around its central axis. The two turntables 201, in their inward-rotating state, create a counter-shearing effect, significantly improving the efficiency of capturing and cutting upright stubble.

[0053] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the cutter heads 202 are evenly distributed along the outer edge of the turntable 201, and each cutter head 202 has an upward-curving portion 210 at its end, smoothly transitioning from the upward-curving portion 210 to the root of the cutter head 202. The upward angle of the upward-curving portion 210 is generally 15°-25°, which can apply an upward lifting force to the stubble during horizontal rotary cutting, thus facilitating its transport to the conveying assembly 300. In addition, the upward-curving portion 210 can also prevent excessive frictional wear of the cutter head due to soil resistance during rotation, and when encountering gravel, it can use the smooth arc to press it into the soil, preventing gravel from entering the crushing roller 400 and avoiding impact or jamming of subsequent crushing rollers, ensuring continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0054] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the conveying assembly 300 includes a conveyor belt 301, with a drive roller 302 and a driven roller 303 at each end. A second drive wheel 304 is located at the end of the drive roller 302. The second drive wheel 304 is connected to a first drive wheel 207 via a belt drive pair. When the first drive wheel 207 rotates, power is synchronously transmitted to the second drive wheel 304 via the belt drive pair, driving the drive roller 302 to rotate, thereby driving the conveyor belt 301 to operate. The conveyor belt 300 is inclined, lifting the stubble and conveying it to the crushing roller 400.

[0055] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the crushing roller 400 includes two opposing roller bodies 401 for flattening and crushing root stubble. Both ends of the crushing roller 400 are connected to the frame 100 via fixed seats 402. Two opposing roller shafts 403 are mounted on the fixed seats 402. The roller bodies 401 are mounted on the roller shafts 403. The fixed seats 402 provide stability, ensuring the spacing between the roller bodies 401 and guaranteeing stable compression and crushing of the root stubble.

[0056] A second transmission assembly 404 is provided on the crushing roller 400. The second transmission assembly 404 includes two first transmission gears 405 connected to the roller shaft 403. The first transmission gears 405 on the two roller shafts 403 are engaged with each other by a second transmission gear 406 to ensure that the two rollers rotate synchronously in opposite directions. Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, a third transmission gear 407 is provided at the end of one of the rollers 403. A transition transmission wheel 101 is provided on the frame 100. A synchronously rotating transition transmission gear 102 is provided on one side of the transition transmission wheel 101. The transition transmission wheel 101 is connected to the main transmission wheel 603 through a belt drive pair, and the third transmission gear 407 cooperates with the transition transmission gear 102.

[0057] When the main drive wheel 603 rotates, power is transmitted to the transition drive wheel 101 via the belt drive pair, which in turn drives the transition drive gear 102 to rotate. The power is then transmitted to the crushing roller 400 via the third drive gear 407, driving the two rollers 401 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, thereby achieving efficient crushing of the stubble delivered there. The surface of the roller 401 is provided with staggered crushing teeth 408, which can effectively enhance the gripping and crushing ability of the stubble.

[0058] like Figure 9 As shown, the cutting and mixing assembly 500 consists of two opposing augers 501, which rotate in opposite directions. They are used to cut the stubble after it has been processed by the crushing roller 400 and the stubble below the soil surface and mix it evenly with the soil.

[0059] In the cutting and mixing assembly 500, the blades of the augers 501 are spirally symmetrically distributed. Two augers 501 are each equipped with a fourth transmission gear 502 on the outside of the frame 100. The two fourth transmission gears 502 mesh with a fifth transmission gear 503 to achieve synchronous counter-rotation. One of the fourth transmission gears 502 has a synchronously rotating pulley 504 on one side, which is connected to the transition transmission wheel 101 via a belt drive pair.

[0060] When the cutting and mixing assembly 500 is working, power is transmitted via belt drive to the fourth transmission gear 502 through the transition drive wheel 101, driving the two screw conveyors to rotate synchronously in opposite directions. This thoroughly mixes the crushed root stubble with the soil, achieving stubble return to the field. The two screw conveyors 501 are staggered, which can further cut the remaining root system in the soil and turn the soil over, making the soil loose and evenly distributed. At the same time, the stubble is evenly incorporated into the soil layer, increasing the soil organic matter content and improving the soil structure.

[0061] A partition 800 is provided between the crushing roller 400 and the cutting and mixing assembly 500. The partition 800 is used to separate the crushing and mixing operation areas. The bottom of the partition 800 is slightly higher than the bottom surface of the frame 100, which can level the soil surface, improve the stability of the cutting and mixing assembly 500 during operation, and prevent soil accumulation from affecting the operation of the auger 501.

[0062] like Figure 10 As shown, the frame 100 has elastic support wheels 103 on both sides. Each elastic support wheel 103 includes a base 104 fixed to the side wall of the frame 100. The base 104 has a support rod 105 and a sliding lifting component 106. A spring 107 is fitted onto the support rod 105, and the sliding lifting component 106 is slidably connected to the support rod 105. The top and tail of the spring 107 are connected to the base 104 and the sliding lifting component 106, respectively. A roller 108 is provided on the outer side of the sliding lifting component 106. The elastic support wheels 103 can maintain adaptive contact with the ground, effectively buffering impact loads during operation and ensuring stable operation of the entire machine.

[0063] like Figure 1 and Figure 11 As shown, a connecting rod 109 is provided on the front side of the frame 100. The two ends of the connecting rod 109 are connected to the frame 100 and the external agricultural machinery 900 respectively via hinges 110. The input shaft of the gearbox 601 is connected to the power source on the agricultural machinery 900 via a universal coupling 604.

[0064] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this utility model, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this utility model, should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A root stubble crushing and burying device, characterized in that, The machine includes a frame, on which a horizontal rotary cutting assembly, a conveying assembly, a crushing roller, a cutting and mixing assembly, and a transmission assembly are mounted; The horizontal rotary cutting assembly includes two oppositely arranged turntables, with a cutting head provided on the outer side of the turntables; the horizontal rotary cutting assembly is used to cut root stubble above the soil surface. The conveying assembly is a conveyor belt, used to transport the stubble cut by the horizontal rotary cutting assembly to the crushing roller; The crushing roller includes two oppositely arranged roller bodies for flattening and crushing root stubble. The cutting and mixing assembly consists of two opposing augers that rotate in opposite directions. This assembly is used to cut the stubble after it has been processed by the crushing roller and to mix it evenly with the soil. The transmission assembly includes a gearbox, a main drive shaft, and a main drive wheel, which drives the horizontal rotary cutting assembly, the conveying assembly, the crushing roller, and the cutting and mixing assembly to rotate.

2. The root stubble crushing and burial device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal rotary cutting assembly includes a first bracket, with a bearing at the end of the first bracket, and the top of the turntable is connected to the bearing via a flange shaft; The horizontal rotary cutting assembly is also provided with a first transmission assembly, which includes a first transmission shaft and a first transmission wheel. The first transmission shaft is fixed to the frame by bearings, and the first transmission wheel is located at the end of the first transmission shaft and is connected to the main transmission wheel by a belt drive pair. A second drive shaft is provided above the first bracket, and the two ends of the second drive shaft are respectively connected to the first drive shaft and the flange shaft through bevel gears.

3. The root stubble crushing and burial device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter head has an upward-curved portion at its end, and the transition from the upward-curved portion to the root of the cutter head is smooth.

4. A root stubble crushing and burial device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conveyor belt is provided with a driving roller and a driven roller at both ends, and a second transmission wheel is provided at the end of the driving roller. The second transmission wheel is connected to the first transmission wheel through a belt drive pair. The conveyor belt is inclined so that the stubble is lifted and transported to the crushing roller.

5. A root stubble crushing and burying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing roller is connected to the frame at both ends by fixed seats. The fixed seats are provided with two oppositely arranged roller shafts, and the roller body is disposed on the roller shafts. The crushing roller is provided with a second transmission assembly, which includes two first transmission gears connected to the roller shaft. The first transmission gears on the two roller shafts are engaged by the second transmission gear to ensure that the two rollers rotate synchronously in opposite directions. One of the rollers is provided with a third transmission gear at its end. The frame is provided with a transition transmission wheel. A synchronously rotating transition transmission gear is provided on one side of the transition transmission wheel. The transition transmission wheel is connected to the main transmission wheel through a belt drive pair. The third transmission gear cooperates with the transition transmission gear.

6. A root stubble crushing and burial device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the cutting and stirring assembly, the blades of the augers are spirally symmetrically distributed, and the two augers are respectively provided with fourth transmission gears on the outside of the frame. The two fourth transmission gears are meshed with a fifth transmission gear to achieve synchronous reverse rotation. One of the fourth transmission gears has a synchronously rotating pulley on one side, and is connected to the transition transmission wheel through a belt drive pair.

7. A root stubble crushing and burial device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame is provided with elastic support wheels on both sides. Each elastic support wheel includes a base fixed to the side wall of the frame. The base is provided with a support rod and a sliding lifting component. A spring is sleeved on the support rod. The sliding lifting component is slidably connected to the support rod. The top and tail of the spring are respectively connected to the base and the sliding lifting component. Rollers are provided on the outer side of the sliding lifting component.

8. A root stubble crushing and burial device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front side of the frame is provided with a connecting rod, and the two ends of the connecting rod are connected to the frame and external agricultural machinery respectively by hinges.

9. A root stubble crushing and burial device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input shaft of the gearbox is connected to an external power source via a universal coupling.

10. A root stubble crushing and burial device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A partition is provided between the crushing roller and the cutting and mixing assembly.

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