Anti-pollution gastrointestinal decompression device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an anti-pollution gastrointestinal decompression device, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. Comprising a device body, and the device body at least comprises a main drainage cavity and a safety collection cabin arranged at the bottom of the main drainage cavity; the negative pressure sensing valve assembly comprises a piston capable of moving in a preset stroke and a reset spring used for driving the piston to reset; when the main drainage cavity is in a negative pressure state, the piston is located at a first position; and when the negative pressure of the main drainage cavity disappears or is lower than a preset threshold value, the piston moves to a second position. The liquid which may flow reversely to the patient due to gravity or increase of abdominal pressure of the patient originally smoothly flows into the safe collection cabin at the bottom under the guidance of the gravity, so that the aim of automatically preventing pollution backflow when the system fails is fulfilled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically relating to a pollution-proof gastrointestinal decompression device. Background Technology

[0002] Gastrointestinal decompression is an important medical procedure commonly used in clinical surgery, emergency departments, and intensive care units. It involves inserting a drainage tube through the nose or mouth into the patient's stomach or intestines, using negative pressure to continuously suction out accumulated gas and fluid contents (such as digestive juices, blood, and intestinal fluid).

[0003] Currently, there are various types of gastrointestinal decompression devices used clinically. Among them, a disposable portable negative pressure drainage device has emerged to facilitate patient mobility or for use in situations lacking a central negative pressure suction device. These devices typically utilize mechanical energy storage principles to generate negative pressure, for example, by pre-compressing a spring, or using an elastic balloon or bellows that can recover its deformation after being compressed by external force. When the device is connected to the patient, the elastic potential energy of the spring or the restoring force of the elastic body is slowly released, thereby creating a continuous negative pressure environment inside the device that requires no external energy source, thus achieving the purpose of drainage.

[0004] However, existing devices that rely on their own energy storage to generate negative pressure have a serious safety hazard. Because their internal energy storage is limited, as drainage proceeds, the spring gradually stretches, or the elastic body gradually returns to its original shape, causing the generated negative pressure to continuously weaken and eventually be completely exhausted. Once the negative pressure is depleted, the device degenerates from an active suction device into an ordinary container passively connected to the patient's gastrointestinal tract. At this point, if any situation occurs that causes a reversal of the pressure gradient—for example, if medical staff or family members unintentionally raise the device above the patient's stomach during operation, or if the patient experiences a sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure due to coughing or vomiting—the contaminated fluid containing a large number of bacteria already collected in the drainage tubing and within the device can easily reflux under gravity or pressure, re-entering the patient's gastrointestinal tract and even abdominal cavity. This reflux accident can cause severe internal contamination, easily leading to iatrogenic infections, peritonitis, and other fatal complications, posing a significant threat to patient safety. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a pollution-proof gastrointestinal decompression device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A contamination-resistant gastrointestinal decompression device is provided, comprising:

[0008] The device body includes at least a main drainage cavity and a safety collection chamber disposed at the bottom of the main drainage cavity;

[0009] A negative pressure sensing valve assembly, the negative pressure sensing valve assembly including a piston movable within a preset stroke, and a return spring for driving the piston to return to its original position;

[0010] When the main drainage chamber is under negative pressure, the piston is in the first position, and in this first position, the passage between the main drainage chamber and the safety collection chamber is closed.

[0011] When the negative pressure in the main drainage chamber disappears or falls below a preset threshold, the piston moves to a second position, at which point the passage between the main drainage chamber and the safety collection chamber is opened.

[0012] Preferably, it includes:

[0013] A connecting pipe is provided between the main drainage cavity and the safety collection chamber;

[0014] The connecting pipeline has a connecting port, and the negative pressure sensing valve assembly is disposed within the connecting pipeline;

[0015] Furthermore, the piston is used to open or close the communication port.

[0016] Preferably, the main body of the device is provided with a spring chamber for accommodating the return spring, and the return spring acts on one end of the piston within the spring chamber.

[0017] Preferably, it includes:

[0018] A filter element is disposed at the connection between the main drainage cavity and the connecting pipe.

[0019] Preferably, the main body of the device includes:

[0020] A drainage port, which is connected to the main drainage cavity.

[0021] Preferably, it includes:

[0022] A one-way valve is provided at the drainage port.

[0023] Preferably, the main body of the device includes:

[0024] The drain port is connected to the main drainage cavity.

[0025] Preferably, it includes:

[0026] A flow-slowing structure is provided in the main drainage cavity;

[0027] The slow-flow structure is configured to reduce liquid level fluctuations within the main drainage cavity.

[0028] Preferably, the slow-flow structure includes:

[0029] Multiple baffles extending from the inner wall of the main drainage cavity;

[0030] The multiple baffles are arranged in an alternating pattern.

[0031] Preferably, a sealing element is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the piston.

[0032] This utility model provides a gastrointestinal decompression device to prevent pollution. The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0033] Liquid that might otherwise flow back to the patient due to gravity or increased abdominal pressure will instead flow smoothly into the safety collection chamber at the bottom through an automatically opened safety passage, thus achieving the purpose of automatically preventing contamination backflow in the event of system failure. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the anti-pollution gastrointestinal decompression device proposed in this utility model;

[0035] Figure 2 for Figure 1 One of the enlarged schematic diagrams of the structure shown at point A;

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The second enlarged schematic diagram of the structure shown at point A;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the filter element in the anti-pollution gastrointestinal decompression device proposed in this utility model.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0039] 1. Main body of the device; 101. Main drainage chamber; 102. Safety collection chamber; 201. Piston; 202. Return spring; 203. Connecting pipe; 204. Connecting port; 205. Spring chamber; 3. Filter element; 4. Drainage port; 5. One-way valve; 6. Discharge port; 7. Slow flow structure. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0041] Please see Figures 1-4 As shown, the specific embodiments provided by this utility model are as follows:

[0042] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of this utility model proposes a pollution-proof gastrointestinal decompression device, including a device body 1. The device body 1 adopts a disposable negative pressure drainage device in the prior art. The device body 1 includes at least a main drainage cavity 101 and a safety collection chamber 102 disposed at the bottom of the main drainage cavity 101.

[0043] Specifically, the main body 1 of the device can be integrally molded from medical-grade plastic material, and its interior is structurally divided into two isolated containment spaces. The upper space serves as the main drainage chamber 101, used to initially contain and guide drainage fluid from the patient under normal operating conditions. The lower space serves as a safety collection chamber 102, located below the main drainage chamber 101, to utilize gravity to ensure that, under specific conditions, the fluid can smoothly flow from the main drainage chamber 101 into the safety collection chamber 102.

[0044] The anti-contamination gastrointestinal decompression device also includes a negative pressure sensing valve assembly. This assembly includes a piston 201 movable within a preset stroke and a return spring 202 for driving the piston 201 to reset. The piston 201 is movably disposed within a passage connecting the main drainage chamber 101 and the safety collection chamber 102. The return spring 202 mechanically cooperates with the piston 201, continuously applying a driving force to the piston 201 to open the passage.

[0045] During normal operation of the device, when the main drainage chamber 101 is under negative pressure, this negative pressure generates an adsorption force on one of the pressure-bearing surfaces of the piston 201. This adsorption force overcomes the preset elastic force of the return spring 202, thereby driving the piston 201 to move and remain in a first position. In this first position, the piston 201 physically completely seals the passage between the main drainage chamber 101 and the safety collection chamber 102, ensuring that during normal drainage, the liquid only remains in the main drainage chamber 101 and does not enter the safety collection chamber 102.

[0046] However, when the negative pressure in the main drainage chamber 101 disappears or falls below a preset safety threshold, the suction force previously acting on the piston 201 also disappears. At this time, the elastic force of the reset spring 202, which has been in a stored state, becomes the dominant force. This elastic force is released instantaneously, driving the piston 201 to move rapidly from the first position to a second position. In this second position, the piston 201 no longer obstructs the passage, allowing the passage between the main drainage chamber 101 and the safety collection chamber 102 to be fully opened. Thus, fluid that might have refluxed towards the patient due to gravity or increased abdominal pressure will flow smoothly into the safety collection chamber 102 at the bottom along this automatically opened safety passage, guided by gravity, thereby achieving the purpose of automatically preventing contamination backflow in the event of system failure.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the passage between the main drainage cavity 101 and the safety collection chamber 102 is specifically a connecting pipe 203. The two ends of the connecting pipe 203 are respectively connected to the main drainage cavity 101 and the safety collection chamber 102, serving as a fluid channel between the two.

[0048] Specifically, the negative pressure sensing valve assembly is preferably integrally disposed inside the connecting pipe 203, so that the inner wall of the connecting pipe 203 can simultaneously serve as a cylinder to guide the reciprocating motion of the piston 201. The connecting pipe 203 has at least one connecting port 204 serving as a valve port, and the reciprocating motion of the piston 201 is used to selectively open or close the connecting port 204, thereby realizing the opening and closing control of the entire passage. When the piston 201 is in the first position, it completely closes the connecting port 204; when the piston 201 moves to the second position, it disengages from the connecting port 204, allowing the passage to be fully opened.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the main body 1 of the device is provided with a spring chamber 205 for accommodating the reset spring 202 on one side or one end of the connecting pipe 203.

[0050] Specifically, the reset spring 202 is located inside the spring chamber 205, with one end abutting against the inner wall of the spring chamber 205 and the other end connected to one end of the piston 201, thereby applying a spring force to the piston 201 to pull it toward the second position (i.e., the position where the passage is opened).

[0051] During operation, when the main drainage chamber 101 is under negative pressure, the piston 201 overcomes the elastic force and is attracted to the first position. Once the negative pressure disappears, the return spring 202 releases its stored elastic potential energy and, guided by the spring chamber 205, drives the piston 201 to return to the second position.

[0052] like Figure 4As shown, in a preferred embodiment, considering that the gastrointestinal drainage fluid may contain solid or semi-solid substances such as food residue and blood clots, in order to prevent these substances from entering and interfering with the normal operation of the negative pressure sensing valve assembly, this embodiment also includes a filter element 3.

[0053] The filter element 3 is preferably located at the connection between the main drainage cavity 101 and the connecting pipe 203, that is, upstream of the fluid entering the negative pressure sensing valve assembly. The filter element 3 can be constructed as a grid or fence structure integrally injection molded with the device body 1, and has multiple through holes of a preset size.

[0054] These through-holes are large enough to allow liquids and gases to pass through smoothly, but can effectively intercept larger solid substances, preventing them from entering the connecting pipe 203. By setting this filter element 3, the risk of the piston 201 being stuck by foreign objects or its sealing surface being contaminated is greatly reduced, thereby ensuring that the negative pressure sensing valve assembly can still move unimpeded from the first position to the second position at critical moments when the negative pressure disappears or weakens, and its triggering reliability is enhanced.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the device body 1 is provided with a drainage port 4 in order to be able to connect to a drainage catheter (e.g., a nasogastric tube) from a patient to receive gastrointestinal drainage fluid.

[0056] The drainage port 4 is directly connected to the main drainage cavity 101, serving as the designated inlet for drainage fluid to enter the device. Structurally, the drainage port 4 is a medical-standard connector; for example, its shape can be a stepped pagoda-style connector to allow for a secure connection with drainage catheters of different inner diameters. Through this drainage port 4, gas and fluid aspirated from the patient's gastrointestinal tract can smoothly enter the main drainage cavity 101 for subsequent containment and guidance.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, to provide a first line of defense against contamination during normal operation of the device's negative pressure system, a one-way valve 5 is preferably provided at the drainage port 4. This one-way valve 5 can be, for example, a duckbill valve or umbrella valve made of medical-grade silicone material. Its flexible structure allows drainage fluid from the patient to flow unidirectionally into the main drainage cavity 101, while effectively preventing minor backflow caused by transient pressure fluctuations due to common causes such as coughing or changes in body position.

[0058] However, relying solely on this conventional one-way valve 5 to ensure absolute safety against contamination has inherent technical limitations. Gastrointestinal drainage fluid has a complex composition, often containing food residue, viscous mucus, or blood clots. These impurities can easily become trapped between the flexible sealing surfaces of the one-way valve 5, preventing it from fully springing back and closing, thus causing its sealing function to fail.

[0059] This failure caused by impurities makes this first line of defense against contamination unreliable. Especially at critical moments when the negative pressure system stops working for some reason, a contaminated and stuck check valve 5 will be completely unable to prevent backflow accidents caused by factors such as gravity or abdominal pressure.

[0060] Based on this, the added negative pressure sensing valve assembly can work in conjunction with the one-way valve 5 to achieve a dual line of defense against contamination.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the main body 1 of the device is further provided with a drain port 6. This drain port 6 is connected to the main drainage cavity 101. The drain port 6 can be designed as a connector capable of forming a secure and airtight connection with standard medical tubing. Through this drain port 6, when it is necessary to empty or transfer the drainage fluid in the main drainage cavity 101, this port also serves as a channel for the discharge of the contents.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, a flow-slowing structure 7 is further included, which is disposed inside the main drainage cavity 101.

[0063] In clinical use, due to patient movement, turning over, or the intermittent operation of negative pressure suction, the liquid surface in the main drainage cavity 101 is prone to shaking, splashing, or eddying. This unstable liquid surface fluctuation can affect the accurate observation and measurement of drainage volume by medical staff, and the violent shaking of the liquid may even cause backflow.

[0064] Therefore, the flow-slowing structure 7 is configured to effectively reduce liquid surface fluctuations within the main drainage cavity 101. In a specific embodiment, the flow-slowing structure 7 can be a baffle, partition, or rib integrally injection-molded with the device body 1. When the drainage fluid enters or sloshes within the cavity, the baffle effectively increases the flow damping, dissipating the kinetic energy of the liquid. This weakens the formation and propagation of waves, allowing the liquid surface to quickly return to a stable state.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, in order to ensure the airtightness and liquid tightness of the negative pressure sensing valve assembly in the closed state, a sealing element is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the piston 201.

[0066] The seal is preferably one or more O-rings and is housed in a pre-set groove on the outer wall of the piston 201.

[0067] When the piston 201 moves under the drive of an external force (negative pressure suction or spring force), the seal moves accordingly. When the piston 201 is in the first position (i.e., the closed passage position), the elastic seal is moderately compressed and fits tightly against the inner wall of the connecting pipe 203, thereby forming a highly reliable sealing surface. This effectively blocks the penetration of liquids and gases, ensuring complete isolation of the passage in the closed state.

[0068] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pollution-resistant gastrointestinal decompression device, characterized in that, include: The device body includes at least a main drainage cavity and a safety collection chamber disposed at the bottom of the main drainage cavity; A negative pressure sensing valve assembly, the negative pressure sensing valve assembly including a piston movable within a preset stroke, and a return spring for driving the piston to return to its original position; When the main drainage chamber is under negative pressure, the piston is in the first position, and in this first position, the passage between the main drainage chamber and the safety collection chamber is closed. When the negative pressure in the main drainage chamber disappears or falls below a preset threshold, the piston moves to a second position, at which point the passage between the main drainage chamber and the safety collection chamber is opened.

2. The anti-contamination gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: A connecting pipe is provided between the main drainage cavity and the safety collection chamber; The connecting pipeline has a connecting port, and the negative pressure sensing valve assembly is disposed within the connecting pipeline; Furthermore, the piston is used to open or close the communication port.

3. The anti-contamination gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main body of the device is provided with a spring chamber for accommodating the return spring, and the return spring acts on one end of the piston within the spring chamber.

4. The anti-contamination gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 3, characterized in that, include: A filter element is disposed at the connection between the main drainage cavity and the connecting pipe.

5. The anti-contamination gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body of the device includes: A drainage port, which is connected to the main drainage cavity.

6. The anti-contamination gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 5, characterized in that, include: A one-way valve is provided at the drainage port.

7. The anti-contamination gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main body of the device includes: The drain port is connected to the main drainage cavity.

8. The anti-contamination gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: A flow-slowing structure is provided in the main drainage cavity; The slow-flow structure is configured to reduce liquid level fluctuations within the main drainage cavity.

9. The anti-contamination gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The flow-slowing structure includes: Multiple baffles extending from the inner wall of the main drainage cavity; The multiple baffles are arranged in an alternating pattern.

10. The anti-contamination gastrointestinal decompression device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The piston has a sealing element on its outer peripheral wall.

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