Vertical vibration isolation spherical support with low dynamic and static stiffness ratio

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of bridge structures or buildings, in particular to a vertical vibration isolation spherical support with a low dynamic and static stiffness ratio, which comprises an upper seat plate, a middle seat plate, a lower seat plate and a base plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a groove is arranged at the top of the base plate, and the lower seat plate is arranged in the groove of the base plate; a plurality of elastic assemblies and a fixing plate are arranged between the lower seat plate and the base plate, a plurality of through holes are evenly distributed in the fixing plate, and the elastic assemblies are arranged in the through holes. The upper surface of the elastic assembly is attached to the lower surface of the lower seat plate, the lower surface of the elastic assembly is attached to the bottom surface of the groove of the base plate, and the elastic assembly is an elastic element or is formed by connecting a plurality of elastic elements in series. The dynamic and static stiffness ratio of an existing vertical vibration isolation support is greatly reduced, and the vertical vibration isolation requirement can be met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to bridge structure or building technical field, especially a vertical vibration isolation spherical support with low static and dynamic stiffness ratio. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rail transit train vibration not only can influence people's physical and mental health and hinder the use of sensitive instruments in buildings, and seriously can cause the destruction of buildings. For rail transit, vibration isolation support is often used to isolate vibration. In the existing research, the vibration isolation support is often divided into rubber vibration isolation support and metal vibration isolation support. Rubber vibration isolation support has certain defects in vibration isolation effect, service life and the like.

[0003] Publication No. CN108730394A discloses a vertical vibration isolation spherical steel support with a disc type structure vibration isolator. This kind of structure can meet the needs of high bearing capacity and stiffness, but different sizes of elastic elements need to be designed for different tonnage and different demand stiffness supports, and there are many types of elastic elements, and an annular non-metal sliding plate is arranged below the elastic element. Due to the existence of the non-metal sliding plate, the dynamic and static stiffness ratio of the support is slightly larger than that of ordinary supports, and at the same time, the uniformity of the vertical load transmitted to the surface of the pier concrete through the non-metal sliding plate needs to be improved.

[0004] Publication No. CN116791467A discloses a design method of a vibration isolation spherical steel support containing metal rubber and the support. A metal rubber vibration isolation assembly is arranged between the middle seat plate and the upper cover plate, or between the middle seat plate and the lower seat plate, or between the upper cover plate and the upper seat plate. The metal rubber vibration isolation assembly includes metal rubber components uniformly arranged on the circumference of the middle seat plate. However, the metal rubber processing is complex, the overall vertical dynamic and static stiffness of the device is high, the production cost is high, and the elastic components of the support are prone to horizontal movement during transportation and use.

[0005] Therefore, in order to meet the market demand, it is urgent to design a vibration isolation spherical support with low dynamic and static stiffness ratio, uniform vertical load transmission, and low production cost. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the utility model aims at providing a vertical vibration isolation spherical support with low dynamic and static stiffness ratio, solving the problems of large dynamic and static stiffness ratio, uneven vertical load transmission and high production cost of the existing vibration isolation spherical support.

[0007] In order to optimize the load transmission path, protect the vibration isolation assembly, improve the system flexibility, optimize the dynamic and static stiffness ratio and enhance the vibration isolation effect, the prior art usually sets the vibration isolation assembly in the upper area of the spherical friction pair, which can directly absorb the load from the upper area, so that the vibration isolation assembly can effectively attenuate the vibration energy, solve the problem of poor vibration isolation effect of ordinary supports, and avoid the problems of large dynamic and static stiffness ratio, relative sliding between the vibration isolation assembly and the base, and uneven vertical load transmission to the pier.

[0008] However, the vibration isolation assembly is set in the upper area of the spherical friction pair, and the elastic component is prone to horizontal movement during transportation and use. In order to ensure the fixation of the elastic element and the stiffness of the support, a groove needs to be provided on the seat plate and a special elastic element needs to be designed, which is not conducive to adjusting the load and required stiffness, and the production cost is high.

[0009] In order to further reduce the dynamic and static stiffness ratio of the support, reduce the production cost of the support, and evenly transmit the vertical load to the pier, the utility model sets the vibration isolation assembly between the lower seat plate and the base plate, greatly reduces the vertical stiffness of the support, and the vertical stiffness is relatively stable, which can realize the vertical vibration isolation demand, optimizes the structure of the vibration isolation assembly, reasonably sets the fixing plate and the elastic component, redesigns the structure and material of the elastic element, makes the dynamic stiffness and the static stiffness relatively stable, the dynamic and static stiffness ratio is low, and the elastic component does not move horizontally during transportation and use of the support.

[0010] The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: a vertical vibration isolation spherical support with low dynamic and static stiffness ratio, comprising an upper seat plate, a middle seat plate, a lower seat plate and a base plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a groove is arranged on the top of the base plate, and the lower seat plate is arranged in the groove of the base plate; a vibration isolation assembly is arranged between the lower seat plate and the base plate; the vibration isolation assembly comprises a plurality of elastic components and a fixing plate, a plurality of through holes are uniformly arranged on the fixing plate, and the elastic components are arranged in the through holes; the upper surface of the elastic component is attached to the lower surface of the lower seat plate, the lower surface of the elastic component is attached to the bottom surface of the groove of the base plate, and the elastic component is one elastic element or a plurality of elastic elements connected in series.

[0011] Further, the elastic element is an axisymmetric structure, the elastic element comprises an upper elastic element and a lower elastic element, the upper elastic element and the lower elastic element have the same structure, and the upper elastic element and the lower elastic element are connected in a facing manner.

[0012] Further, the upper surface of the upper elastic element comprises an outer central top surface in the center and an outer inclined surface in the periphery of the outer central top surface, and the lower surface of the upper elastic element comprises an inner central surface in the center and a bottom support surface connected with the inner central surface, and the two ends of the outer side surface of the upper elastic element are connected with the outer inclined surface and the bottom support surface respectively.

[0013] Further, the fixing plate is fixed at the bottom of the groove of the base plate, and the fixing plate is provided with a vertical gap with the lower surface of the lower base plate, so as to ensure that the elastic assembly can be axially deformed, and the deformation gap is arranged between the through hole on the fixing plate and the elastic assembly, so as to facilitate radial deformation of the elastic assembly when the elastic assembly bears vertical load.

[0014] Further, the outer central top surface is slightly convex upward.

[0015] Further, the inner central surface is in one of a semicircular shape, a triangular shape and a trapezoidal shape.

[0016] Further, the bottom support surface is a plane or an inclined surface.

[0017] Further, the elastic element further comprises a viscoelastic material, the elastic element is connected by vulcanization through the upper elastic element, the lower elastic element and the viscoelastic material, and the height of the viscoelastic material is lower than that of the upper and lower top surfaces of the elastic element.

[0018] Further, a support plate is arranged between the upper elastic element and the lower elastic element, so as to prevent the upper elastic element and the lower elastic element from being deformed too much.

[0019] Further, the support plate is a flat plate with bosses arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the middle part.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the vertical vibration isolation spherical support with a low dynamic-static stiffness ratio has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. The utility model discloses a vibration isolation assembly is increased between the base plate and the lower base plate, and a plurality of elastic assemblies are evenly distributed on the fixing plate of the vibration isolation assembly, so that the number of elastic assemblies can be adjusted according to load, the processing cost is reduced, the phenomenon that load is not uniformly transferred due to friction between the vibration isolation assembly and the base plate is avoided, the structure of the elastic element is improved, the structure bottom stress can be more evenly distributed, the maximum tensile stress of the structure is reduced, and the inside of the elastic assembly is all metal material and does not contain non-metal material, so that the dynamic-static stiffness ratio of the existing vertical vibration isolation support can be greatly reduced, and the vertical vibration isolation demand can be realized.

[0022] 2. The utility model discloses a certain vertical gap has with the lower surface of lower seat board and fixed plate, when the vertical bearing capacity of support is greater than design load, the contact of lower seat board and fixed plate occurs, prevent the overlarge deformation of elastic assembly, realize the protection to elastic assembly, the inside even distribution of fixed plate is round hole, and the even placement of elastic assembly is in it, and the diameter of round hole is slightly greater than the outer diameter of elastic assembly, makes the horizontal movement of elastic assembly not to occur in the transportation and use process of support.

[0023] 3. The utility model discloses elastic element can complete batch production, and the inside of elastic assembly is metal material, can reach the demand of reducing cost and facilitating assembly, and can realize different tonnage, different vertical rigidity design through multiple elastic assembly parallel connection, realizes the vibration isolation demand of super tonnage and special scene. DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings constituting a part of the utility model are used to provide further understanding on the utility model, and the illustrative embodiment of the utility model and its explanation are used to explain the utility model, and do not constitute improper limitation on the utility model. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 It is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 It is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3 It is the plane arrangement drawing of the elastic assembly of the utility model embodiment;

[0028] Figure 4 It is the structural schematic diagram of the fixed plate of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 It is the structural schematic diagram of the elastic assembly of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 It is the structural schematic diagram of the elastic element embodiment 1 on the utility model;

[0031] Figure 7 It is the structural schematic diagram of the elastic element embodiment 2 on the utility model;

[0032] Figure 8 It is the structural schematic diagram of the elastic element embodiment 3 on the utility model;

[0033] Figure 9 It is the structural schematic diagram of the elastic element embodiment 4 on the utility model;

[0034] Figure 10 It is the structural schematic diagram of the elastic element embodiment 5 on the utility model;

[0035] Figure 11 Structure schematic view of the upper elastic element of the embodiment 6 of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 12 Structure schematic view of the upper elastic element of the embodiment 7 of the utility model.

[0037] Explanation of reference signs:

[0038] 1, upper seat plate; 2, plane friction pair; 3, middle seat plate; 4, spherical concave surface friction pair; 5, guide friction pair; 6, lower seat plate; 7, elastic assembly; 701, upper elastic element; 7011, outer central top surface; 7012, outer inclined surface; 7013, outer side cylindrical surface; 7014, bottom support surface; 7015, inner central surface; 702, lower elastic element; 703, support plate; 704, viscoelastic material; 8, fixed plate; 801, through hole; 9, base plate; 901, groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical means and achieve the purpose and effect of the utility model easy to understand, the embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below in combination with specific drawings.

[0040] It should be noted that all the terms for indicating direction and position in the utility model, such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "top", "low", "transverse", "longitudinal", "center", etc., are only used to explain the relative position relationship, connection condition, etc. between the components in a certain state, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model, and do not require the utility model to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model. In addition, the description of "first", "second" and the like in the utility model is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.

[0041] In the description of the utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection" and "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0043] The conventional spherical support upper seat plate 1, plane friction pair 2, middle seat plate 3, spherical surface friction pair 4, guide friction pair 5 and lower seat plate 6 are composed.

[0044] The utility model discloses a vertical vibration isolation spherical support with low static and dynamic stiffness ratio, comprising: upper seat plate 1, middle seat plate 3, lower seat plate 6 and base plate 9 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom,

[0045] The top of base plate 9 is provided with groove 901, and lower seat plate 6 is arranged in groove 901 of base plate 9;

[0046] A vibration isolation assembly is arranged between lower seat plate 6 and base plate 9;

[0047] The vibration isolation assembly comprises a plurality of elastic assemblies 7 and a fixed plate 8, a plurality of through holes 801 are uniformly arranged on the fixed plate 8, and the elastic assemblies 7 are arranged in the through holes 801 of the fixed plate 8;

[0048] The upper surface of the elastic assembly 7 is attached to the lower surface of the lower seat plate 6, the lower surface of the elastic assembly 7 is attached to the bottom surface of the groove 901 of the base plate 9, and the elastic assembly 7 is one elastic element or is formed by a plurality of elastic elements in series.

[0049] Lower seat plate 6 is arranged in groove 901 of base plate 9, and a vibration isolation assembly is arranged between the two, allowing a certain degree of angular change and displacement, thereby improving the adaptability and installation tolerance of the support, and the two sides of lower seat plate 6 abut against the inner walls of base plate 9, avoiding horizontal displacement of lower seat plate 6 under the action of the vibration isolation assembly. Moreover, the elastic assembly 7 in the support can effectively absorb and attenuate the vibration energy transmitted to the upper structure, reducing the influence on the building or mechanical equipment. The elastic assembly 7 is uniformly distributed in the through holes 801 of the fixed plate 8, ensuring uniform distribution of the load on the entire support, avoiding local stress concentration, and improving the safety and durability of the overall structure. The support can maintain sufficient supporting stiffness under static conditions, and exhibit higher flexibility under dynamic conditions, which helps to better absorb vibration and has a lower static and dynamic stiffness ratio.

[0050] The vibration isolation layer composed of multiple elastic components 7 can provide effective vibration isolation in a wide frequency band range, suitable for various vibration sources and environmental conditions, and can be modularly designed according to actual needs, facilitating manufacturing and adjusting parameters such as bearing capacity and stiffness according to specific application scenarios, improving design flexibility, achieving reasonable and uniform load distribution and energy dissipation, helping to reduce wear and tear between components, prolonging the service life of the entire support system, and reducing maintenance costs. The dynamic and static stiffness of the support is lower than that of the existing vertical vibration isolation support.

[0051] Specifically, the elastic element is an axisymmetric structure, and the elastic element includes an upper elastic element 701 and a lower elastic element 702. The upper elastic element 701 and the lower elastic element 702 are structurally identical, and the upper elastic element 701 and the lower elastic element 702 are in contact with each other through their corresponding end faces to form a continuous elastic support system. The interfaces of the elastic element are chamfered.

[0052] The axisymmetric structure ensures uniform distribution of load in all directions, reduces stress concentration, and improves the safety and durability of the overall structure. The structural consistency ensures that the upper elastic element 701 and the lower elastic element 702 behave consistently when subjected to the same type of load, enhancing the stability and reliability of the system. By placing two structurally identical elastic elements opposite each other, a continuous elastic support system is formed, which can more effectively absorb and attenuate vibration energy and reduce the vibration impact transmitted to the superstructure. Using structurally identical elastic elements can simplify the production and assembly process, reduce manufacturing costs, and facilitate modular design to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0053] Specifically, the upper elastic element 701 is placed on the corresponding face of the lower elastic element 702.

[0054] The connection between the upper elastic element 701 and the lower elastic element 702 facilitates the deformation of the elastic element under pressure, avoids the restriction of the connecting piece on the deformation of the elastic element, and ensures the vibration isolation and buffering effect.

[0055] In embodiment 1, Figure 6 Specifically, the upper surface of the upper elastic element 701 includes an outer central top surface 7011 located at the center and an outer inclined surface 7012 located at the periphery of the outer central top surface 7011. The lower surface of the upper elastic element 701 includes an inner central surface 7015 located at the center and a bottom support surface 7014 connected to the inner central surface 7015. The outer side cylindrical surface 7013 of the upper elastic element 701 is connected to the outer inclined surface 7012 and the bottom support surface 7014 at both ends, respectively.

[0056] Preferably, the inner central surface 7015 is a spherical segment surface.

[0057] The outer central top surface 7011 serves as the central contact point of the upper surface and directly bears the vertical load from above, ensuring that the load is evenly distributed to the entire elastic element, reducing local stress concentration. The outer inclined surface 7012 surrounds the outer central top surface 7011 and plays a role in guiding and dispersing the load, allowing for a certain degree of angular variation, enabling the support to maintain good mechanical properties even in the presence of slight unevenness or installation errors. At the same time, it helps to reduce the impact of lateral forces on the elastic element and improves overall stability. The inner central surface 7015 is located at the center of the lower surface and forms a semispherical recess, which can evenly distribute the tensile stress on the bottom surface and reduce the maximum tensile stress of the elastic element. The bottom support surface 7014 is connected to the inner central surface 7015 and can be used to support the elastic unit, facilitating the connection of the lower elastic element 702.

[0058] The design of each surface ensures uniform distribution of load in all directions, reduces stress concentration, and can more effectively absorb and attenuate vibration energy, reducing the vibration impact transmitted to the upper structure and improving the safety and durability of the overall structure. At the same time, using the same structure of elastic elements can simplify the production and assembly process, reduce manufacturing costs, and facilitate modular design to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0059] In embodiment 2, as shown in Figure 7 Specifically, the outer central top surface 7011 is slightly convex upward.

[0060] When the outer central top surface 7011 is set to be slightly convex, the elastic assembly and the elastic assembly, the elastic assembly and the lower base 6 are in contact and deformed under pressure, causing the outer central top surface 7011 to become a flat surface, increasing the contact area between the elastic assembly and the elastic assembly, the elastic assembly and the lower base 6, avoiding excessive local pressure, reducing wear and stress concentration, and helping to extend the service life of the system.

[0061] In embodiment 3, as shown in Figure 8 Specifically, the bottom support surface 7014 can be a slope.

[0062] When the elastic element is under pressure, the outer central top surface 7011 transmits the pressure to the lower surface, and then disperses it to the base plate 9 through the bottom support surface 7014. When the bottom support surface 7014 is under pressure, it deforms, increasing the contact area between the bottom support surface 7014 and the base plate 9, and the entire bottom support surface 7014 becomes a flat surface, avoiding excessive local pressure, reducing wear and stress concentration, and helping to extend the service life of the system.

[0063] Specifically, the lower surface of the upper elastic element 701 at the central surface can also be triangular or trapezoidal.

[0064] In embodiment 4, as shown in Figure 9The lower surface section of the upper elastic element 701 is triangular, which can effectively concentrate the load in the central area, reduce stress concentration in the edge area, improve the durability and reliability of the structure, and enhance the overall load-carrying capacity of the system, especially under high load conditions.

[0065] In embodiment 5, the lower surface section of the upper elastic element 701 is trapezoidal, which can evenly distribute the load in a larger range, reduce the risk of local overload, and improve the stability and reliability of the system. Figure 10 In embodiment 6, the upper elastic element 701, the lower elastic element 702, and the viscoelastic material 704 are connected by vulcanization, and the height of the viscoelastic material 704 is lower than the upper and lower top surfaces of the elastic elements.

[0066] Figure 11 The vulcanization connects the upper elastic element 701, the lower elastic element 702, and the viscoelastic material 704 firmly together to form a whole, enhancing the overall stability of the system, and the height of the viscoelastic material 704 is lower than the upper and lower top surfaces of the elastic elements, so that the load is mainly transmitted through the elastic elements rather than directly through the viscoelastic material, ensuring that the load can be more effectively concentrated on the elastic elements, reducing the pressure on the viscoelastic material 704, improving the load-carrying capacity of the system, facilitating the assembly and transportation of the support, and protecting the internal standard elastic elements from dust and damage.

[0067] Preferably, the viscoelastic material 704 is polyurethane material.

[0068] In embodiment 7, a support plate 703 is arranged between the upper elastic element 701 and the lower elastic element 702 to prevent excessive deformation of the elastic elements.

[0069] The support plate 703 contacts the lower surface of the elastic element when the elastic element bears a large load, and plays a role in overload protection. Figure 12 Preferably, the support plate 703 is a flat plate with bosses on the upper and lower surfaces of the middle part, which is used to limit the excessive deformation of the upper elastic element 701 and the lower elastic element 702.

[0070] The support plate 703 contacts the lower surface of the elastic element when the elastic element bears a large load, and plays a role in overload protection.

[0071] Preferably, the support plate 703 is a flat plate with bosses on the upper and lower surfaces of the middle part, which is used to limit the excessive deformation of the upper elastic element 701 and the lower elastic element 702.

[0072] ​Under normal working conditions, there is a gap between the upper and lower elastic elements 701 and 702 and the bosses of the support plate 703, allowing the upper and lower elastic elements 701 and 702 to deform freely within the design load range. When the vertical bearing capacity of the support exceeds the design load, the upper and lower elastic elements 701 and 702 come into contact with the bosses of the support plate 703, preventing excessive deformation of the upper and lower elastic elements 701 and 702, thereby protecting the elastic assembly from damage. As an overload protection mechanism, it ensures the safety and reliability of the system under extreme conditions.

[0073] The setting boss provides an additional support point, increases the contact area, disperses the load, and improves the overall carrying capacity of the system.

[0074] Preferably, the upper elastic element 701, the support plate 703, the lower elastic element 702 and the viscoelastic material 704 are connected by vulcanization.

[0075] Specifically, the outer center top surface 7011 of the upper elastic element 701 is coated with a layer of lubricating material, making the upper surface of the vibration isolation layer have a low friction coefficient, not transmitting horizontal forces, and preventing horizontal movement of the elastic element during transportation and use.

[0076] Specifically, the upper elastic element 701 and the lower elastic element 702 are made of the same or different materials.

[0077] Using the same material can ensure that the two elastic elements are consistent in mechanical properties, thermal expansion coefficient and other physical characteristics, exhibit consistent behavior when subjected to load, reduce the risk of stress concentration between different materials, enhance the stability and reliability of the system, and achieve better collaborative working effect. At the same time, using the same material can simplify the production and assembly process, reduce manufacturing costs, and facilitate modular design. If replacement or maintenance is required, it is easier to find alternatives for components made of the same material, reducing maintenance difficulty.

[0078] Using different materials can select materials with different properties to optimize specific performance indicators such as stiffness, damping, durability, etc. according to the needs of specific application scenarios. Specifically, the upper part can choose high-elasticity materials to provide good energy absorption, while the lower part can choose high-strength materials to ensure support stability, to achieve the best vibration isolation effect and make the overall structure more adaptable to complex and variable working conditions, ensuring that the system is always in the best working state.

[0079] Preferably, the upper elastic element 701 and the lower elastic element 702 are made of metal materials, such as carbon steel, etc.

[0080] The metal material generally has high tensile, compressive and shear strength, can bear larger load without permanent deformation, improves the overall safety and reliability of the system, the high elastic modulus and low damping characteristics of the metal material enable it to effectively transmit and absorb vibration, reduce the vibration effect transmitted to the superstructure, and the dynamic response speed of the metal material is fast, which can adjust and stabilize the system in a short time, improving the isolation efficiency. The interior of the elastic assembly 7 does not contain non-metallic materials, which helps to reduce the overall dynamic stiffness ratio of the support.

[0081] This setting can not only significantly improve the mechanical strength and durability of the system, but also optimize the dynamic performance, improve the reliability and safety of the system by selecting metal material as the upper elastic element 701 and the lower elastic element 702. This design is particularly suitable for applications that require efficient vibration isolation, high reliability and long service life.

[0082] Specifically, the number of elastic assemblies 7 can be designed according to the vertical bearing capacity and required stiffness.

[0083] Since the elastic assemblies 7 are attached to the lower seat plate 6 and the base plate 9 respectively, the number of elastic assemblies 7 can be modularly designed according to specific requirements, facilitating manufacturing, installation and maintenance, and only the fixed plate 8 needs to be adjusted, without affecting the structure of other parts of the system, so that the modular design makes the production process more standardized and efficient, reduces the manufacturing cost, and facilitates mass production and quality control. If a certain elastic assembly 7 fails or needs to be replaced, it can be replaced individually without affecting other parts of the entire system, reducing maintenance difficulty and cost, and when the load condition or vibration isolation requirement changes, the number of elastic assemblies 7 can be quickly adjusted to adjust the performance of the support, improving the adaptability and flexibility of the system.

[0084] Specifically, each interface of the elastic element is chamfered.

[0085] The chamfered interface of the elastic element can effectively reduce the stress level and increase the fatigue performance, reducing the risk of accidental injury and external damage, prolonging the service life of the elastic element by reducing friction and wear, reducing long-term maintenance costs, and enhancing the safety and reliability of the overall structure.

[0086] Specifically, the fixed plate 8 is fixed at the bottom of the groove 901 of the base plate 9, and there is a certain vertical gap between the fixed plate 8 and the lower surface of the lower seat plate 6 to ensure that the elastic assembly 7 can be axially deformed; a deformation gap is provided between the through hole 801 on the fixed plate 8 and the elastic assembly 7 to facilitate radial deformation of the elastic assembly 7 when bearing vertical load.

[0087] The fixed plate 8 is fixed at the bottom of the groove 901 of the base plate 9, which ensures the stable position of the fixed plate 8, provides a solid foundation, enables the elastic assembly 7 to be evenly distributed and reliably installed in the through hole 801, reduces assembly errors, improves installation accuracy and efficiency, and enhances the structural integrity of the entire support system. Under normal working conditions, the gap between the fixed plate 8 and the lower base plate 6 is maintained, allowing the elastic assembly 7 to deform freely within the design load range. When the vertical bearing capacity of the support exceeds the design load, the lower base plate 6 contacts the fixed plate 8, preventing excessive deformation of the elastic assembly 7 and protecting it from damage. As an overload protection mechanism, this ensures the safety and reliability of the system under extreme conditions. The through hole 801 and the elastic assembly 7 are provided with a deformation gap, which allows the elastic assembly 7 to deform radially when subjected to vertical loads without being restricted by the fixed plate 8. This helps better absorb and attenuate vibration energy, improves vibration isolation, reduces stress concentration in the elastic assembly 7 due to restrictions, reduces the risk of fatigue damage, and prolongs its service life. The upper surface of the fixed plate 8 is higher than the height of the outer cylindrical surface 7013 of the upper elastic element 701, which allows the elastic assembly 7 to move within the through hole 801 and ensures that the fixed plate 8 does not interfere with the normal working range of the elastic assembly 7. In extreme cases, such as overload, it can provide additional support, increasing the overall stiffness of the system and improving the stability and reliability of the support under extreme conditions.

[0088] This arrangement has good mechanical response capability, avoiding the risk of failure of the elastic assembly 7 due to excessive deformation, further improving the vibration isolation performance of the system, reducing the vibration impact transmitted to the upper structure, and improving the safety and reliability of the system.

[0089] Preferably, the deformation gap between the through hole 801 on the fixed plate 8 and the elastic assembly 7 is smaller than the contact area between the bottom support surface 7014 and the base plate 9.

[0090] This arrangement helps maintain a stable structure between the upper elastic element 701 and the lower elastic element 702, avoiding misalignment between the upper elastic element 701 and the lower elastic element 702, which can affect the performance of the elastic assembly 7 and the isolation effect and dynamic-static stiffness ratio of the system.

[0091] Preferably, the difference between the height of the through hole 801 and the height of the elastic assembly 7 is less than the height of the upper elastic element 701.

[0092] This arrangement avoids the elastic assembly 7 from coming out of the through hole 801 during operation, affecting the stability and reliability of the device.

[0093] Specifically, the multiple through holes 801 are evenly distributed on concentric circles with the center axis of the fixed plate 8 or the lower base plate 6 or the base plate 9 as the center.

[0094] By evenly distributing the through holes 801 on concentric circles, it is ensured that the load received by each elastic component 7 is as uniform as possible, and the vibration energy from various directions is more effectively absorbed and attenuated, thereby improving the vibration isolation effect, reducing the risk of local overload, and helping to maintain the overall stability and reliability of the system.

[0095] This arrangement can improve the carrying capacity and vibration isolation effect of the support without increasing the volume of the support, and the optimized space utilization reduces unnecessary material waste and manufacturing costs, and can flexibly adapt to different carrying capacity and stiffness requirements.

[0096] Specifically, the arrangement of the plurality of through holes 801 can also be rectangular or a combination of other forms.

[0097] Specifically, the through holes 801 can be circular or square.

[0098] The circular through holes 801 can provide a continuous, cornerless boundary, so that the elastic component 7 can be uniformly stressed when deformed radially, and the circular through holes 801 can help to more evenly distribute the load and reduce stress concentration points, thereby improving the overall stability and reliability of the system. The circular through holes allow the elastic component 7 to deform freely in the radial direction when subjected to vertical loads, which helps to better absorb and attenuate vibration energy and improve the vibration isolation effect. At the same time, the circular through holes 801 are easy to process and can be efficiently produced through common processes such as drilling and stamping, thereby reducing manufacturing costs.

[0099] The square through holes 801 can provide a larger contact area, enhancing the support stiffness of the elastic component 7, and are suitable for applications that require higher support stiffness or greater carrying capacity. The square through holes 801 can arrange more elastic components 7 in a limited space, thereby improving the carrying capacity per unit area.

[0100] Preferably, the through holes 801 are circular.

[0101] Embodiment 8

[0102] A vertical vibration isolation spherical support with a low dynamic-static stiffness ratio, in addition to normal components, has a vibration isolation layer arranged inside the support. The vibration isolation assembly is composed of a plurality of elastic components 7, and the vertical load of the support is transmitted to the base plate 9 and the cushion stone through the upper seat plate 1, the middle seat plate 3, the lower seat plate 6, and the plurality of elastic components 7.

[0103] The elastic assembly 7 is an axisymmetric structure, which is composed of an upper elastic element 701 and a lower elastic element 702. The upper surface of the upper elastic element 701 is composed of an outer central top surface 7011 located at the center and an outer inclined surface 7012 located at the periphery of the outer central top surface 7011. The side surface of the upper elastic element 701 is composed of a cylindrical surface. The lower surface of the upper elastic element 701 is composed of an inner central surface 7015 located at the center and a bottom support surface 7014 connected to the inner central surface 7015. The interfaces of the elastic elements are all chamfered.

[0104] The fixed plate 8 is internally uniformly distributed with circular holes, the diameter of the circular holes is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the elastic assembly 7, the upper surface of the fixed plate 8 has a certain vertical gap with the lower seat plate 6, and the lower surface of the fixed plate 8 is fixed with the base plate 9.

[0105] The vertical vibration isolation spherical support with a low dynamic-static stiffness ratio provided by the embodiment increases the vibration isolation layer formed by a plurality of elastic assemblies 7 to reduce the vertical stiffness of the support. The elastic assembly 7 in the embodiment is composed of two upper and lower elastic elements, the interfaces of the elastic elements are chamfered, which can effectively reduce the stress level and increase the fatigue performance. The bottom surface of the elastic element is an inner central surface 7015, which can uniformly distribute the bottom surface tensile stress and reduce the maximum tensile stress of the elastic element. The elastic assembly 7 does not contain non-metallic materials inside, which reduces the overall dynamic-static stiffness ratio of the support. The elastic assembly 7 is uniformly distributed in the circular hole of the fixed plate 8, which can prevent horizontal displacement of the support during transportation and use. The upper surface of the fixed plate 8 has a certain vertical gap with the lower seat plate 6, which ensures that the lower seat plate 6 and the fixed plate 8 come into contact under overload conditions, which can protect the elastic element from damage and does not affect the normal use of the support. The upper surface of the fixed plate 8 is fixed with the base plate 9, and the elastic assembly 7 is uniformly arranged on the upper surface of the base plate 9, which ensures that the elastic element is located in the same plane.

[0106] Through the support designed in the above embodiment, the elastic elements in the vibration isolation layer are uniformly arranged and uniformly subjected to vertical stress, which can better realize the functions of force transmission and vibration isolation. The planar friction pair 2 and the spherical concave friction pair 4 jointly bear the vertical load of the support, the horizontal sliding and vertical rotating functions, and the guide friction pair 5 bears the horizontal force transmission. The elastic assembly 7 does not participate in the horizontal force transmission, which can improve the reliability of the vibration isolation performance of the support. It has good social and economic benefits.

[0107] The dynamic-static stiffness ratio test of the elastic element in the application and the metal rubber is carried out, and the dynamic-static stiffness ratio is shown in Table 1.

[0108] Table 1. Dynamic-static stiffness ratio test of the elastic element in the application and the metal rubber

[0109] The elastic element of the present application Metal rubber 1 1.25 3.18 2 1.27 3.44 3 1.13 7.22

[0110] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A vertical vibration isolation spherical bearing with a low dynamic-to-static stiffness ratio, characterized in that, It includes, from top to bottom, an upper seat plate (1), a middle seat plate (3), a lower seat plate (6), and a base plate (9). The top of the base plate (9) is provided with a groove (901), and the lower base plate (6) is disposed in the groove (901) of the base plate (9); A vibration isolation component is provided between the lower seat plate (6) and the base plate (9); The vibration isolation assembly includes multiple elastic components (7) and a fixed plate (8). The fixed plate (8) is provided with multiple through holes (801) evenly distributed, and the elastic components (7) are disposed in the through holes (801). The upper surface of the elastic component (7) is in contact with the lower surface of the lower base plate (6), and the lower surface of the elastic component (7) is in contact with the bottom surface of the groove (901) of the base plate (9). The elastic component (7) is a single elastic element or is composed of multiple elastic elements connected in series.

2. The vertical vibration isolation spherical bearing with a low dynamic-to-static stiffness ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element has an axisymmetric structure and includes an upper elastic element (701) and a lower elastic element (702). The upper elastic element (701) and the lower elastic element (702) have the same structure and are connected in opposite directions.

3. The vertical vibration isolation spherical bearing with a low dynamic-to-static stiffness ratio according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper surface of the upper elastic element (701) includes an outer central top surface (7011) located at the center and an outer inclined surface (7012) located around the outer central top surface (7011). The lower surface of the upper elastic element (701) includes an inner central surface (7015) located at the center and a bottom support surface (7014) connected to the inner central surface (7015). The two ends of the outer cylindrical surface (7013) of the upper elastic element (701) are respectively connected to the outer inclined surface (7012) and the bottom support surface (7014).

4. The vertical vibration isolation spherical bearing with a low dynamic-to-static stiffness ratio according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing plate (8) is fixed to the bottom of the groove (901) of the base plate (9). The fixing plate (8) and the lower surface of the lower base plate (6) are provided with a vertical gap to ensure that the elastic component (7) can deform axially. The through hole (801) on the fixing plate (8) and the elastic component (7) are provided with a deformation gap to facilitate the radial deformation of the elastic component (7) when it bears vertical load.

5. The vertical vibration isolation spherical bearing with a low dynamic-to-static stiffness ratio according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer center top surface (7011) is slightly convex upward.

6. The vertical vibration isolation spherical bearing with a low dynamic-to-static stiffness ratio according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross-section of the inner center plane (7015) is one of a semicircle, a triangle, or a trapezoid.

7. The vertical vibration isolation spherical bearing with a low dynamic-to-static stiffness ratio according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom support surface (7014) is either a plane or an inclined plane.

8. The vertical vibration isolation spherical bearing with a low dynamic-to-static stiffness ratio according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic element further includes a viscoelastic material (704). The elastic element is formed by vulcanizing the upper elastic element (701), the lower elastic element (702), and the viscoelastic material (704). The height of the viscoelastic material (704) is lower than the upper and lower top surfaces of the elastic element.

9. The vertical vibration isolation spherical bearing with a low dynamic-to-static stiffness ratio according to claim 2, characterized in that, A support plate (703) is provided between the upper elastic element (701) and the lower elastic element (702) to prevent the upper elastic element (701) and the lower elastic element (702) from deforming excessively.

10. The vertical vibration isolation spherical bearing with a low dynamic-to-static stiffness ratio according to claim 9, characterized in that, The support plate (703) is a flat plate with protrusions on the upper and lower sides in the middle.

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