High-efficiency biomass gasification comprehensive utilization system

Abstract

According to the high-efficiency biomass gasification comprehensive utilization system and the use method, biomass charcoal and biomass gas are produced from biomass raw materials through the gasification device and the biomass charcoal collecting device; biomass gas can produce and supply various energy sources such as hydrogen, steam, electric power, cold and heat through equipment such as a purification device, a steam generation device, an internal combustion engine, a hydrogen purification device, a hydrogen collection device, a steam turbine, a generator set, a waste heat boiler, an absorption heat pump, a compression heat pump, a steam supply device, an electric power supply device and a cold and heat supply device. The operation mode of the system is adjusted through 13 adjusting valves and regulators according to the load demand of the energy consumption side and the energy supply price, the supply proportion of various energy sources is changed, and the purposes of balancing supply and demand, improving the equipment utilization rate and improving the system efficiency are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of biomass energy utilization technology, more particularly to a kind of high-efficiency biomass gasification production biomass charcoal, hydrogen, steam, electricity, cold and heat multi-production comprehensive utilization system and use method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Biomass is the energy stored in biomass, which is converted from solar energy. It is a kind of renewable energy that can be taken indefinitely and used indefinitely. It is the only renewable carbon source, with the characteristics of cyclic renewable, wide distribution and diversified utilization. Biomass gasification is a technology that converts solid biomass materials (such as wood, crop residues, animal and plant waste, plant fibers, etc.) into combustible gas (usually including hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane, etc.) under high temperature, anaerobic or lack of sufficient oxygen. Biomass gasification technology can provide biomass charcoal, hydrogen, steam, electricity, cold and heat and other energy.

[0003] Traditional biomass gasification utilization system is single in form, such as only steam or only power generation. Due to the fluctuation of energy prices or unstable energy consumption side load, the system operation load changes frequently, and even long-term shutdown phenomenon occurs, resulting in low equipment utilization, low system efficiency, increased fixed costs and other problems. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] Therefore, the utility model provides a kind of high-efficiency biomass gasification comprehensive utilization system, can supply biomass charcoal, hydrogen, steam, electricity, cold and heat and other energy, solve the traditional biomass gasification utilization system single form causes equipment utilization rate low, system efficiency low, fixed cost increase and a series of problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A kind of high-efficiency biomass gasification comprehensive utilization system, including gasification device, biomass charcoal collection device, purification device, steam generating device, internal combustion engine, hydrogen purification device, hydrogen collection device, steam turbine, generator set, waste heat boiler, absorption heat pump, compression heat pump, steam supply device, power supply device, cold and heat supply device, the above 15 devices are connected by pipeline or line to form a kind of high-efficiency biomass gasification comprehensive utilization system, as follows:

[0007] (1) the outlet of the gasification device is provided with two branches, one branch is connected with the biomass charcoal collection device, and the other branch is divided into branch one and branch two; the branch one is connected with the steam generating device, and the branch two is connected with the purification device;

[0008] (2) The outlet pipeline of the steam generating device is provided with two branches, which are connected with the steam supply device and the steam turbine respectively;

[0009] (3) The outlet end of the steam turbine is provided with two branches, which are connected with the generator set and the steam supply device respectively;

[0010] (4) The outlet pipeline of the purification device is provided with two branches, which are connected with the internal combustion engine and the hydrogen purification device respectively;

[0011] (5) The outlet end of the internal combustion engine is provided with two branches, which are connected with the generator set and the waste heat boiler respectively;

[0012] (6) The outlet end of the hydrogen purification device is provided with two branches, one of which is connected with the hydrogen collection device, and the other is divided into branch three and branch four, the branch three is connected with the internal combustion engine, and the branch four is connected with the steam generating device;

[0013] (7) The outlet line of the generator set is provided with two branches, which are connected with the power supply device and the compression heat pump respectively;

[0014] (8) The waste heat boiler is connected with the steam supply device;

[0015] (9) The inlet end of the absorption heat pump is connected with the steam header of the outlet of the steam generating device, the steam turbine and the waste heat boiler;

[0016] (10) The inlet pipeline of the cold and warm supply device is provided with two branches, which are connected with the absorption heat pump and the compression heat pump respectively.

[0017] Preferably, the above system further comprises: regulating valve 1, regulating valve 2, regulating valve 3, regulating valve 4, regulating valve 5, regulating valve 6, regulating valve 7, regulating valve 8, regulating valve 9, regulating valve 10, regulating valve 11, regulator 12, regulating valve 13;

[0018] The regulating valve 1 is arranged on the branch between the gasification device and the biomass charcoal collection device;

[0019] The regulating valve 2 is arranged on another branch of the gasification device;

[0020] The regulating valve 3 is arranged on the branch one;

[0021] The regulating valve 4 is arranged on the branch two;

[0022] The regulating valve 5 is arranged on the branch between the steam generating device and the steam supply device;

[0023] The regulating valve 6 is arranged on a branch between the steam generating device and the steam turbine;

[0024] The regulating valve 7 is arranged on a branch between the steam turbine and the steam supply device;

[0025] The regulating valve 8 is arranged on a branch between the purifying device and the internal combustion engine;

[0026] The regulating valve 9 is arranged on a branch between the purifying device and the hydrogen gas purifying device;

[0027] The regulating valve 10 is arranged on the third branch;

[0028] The regulating valve 11 is arranged on the fourth branch;

[0029] The regulator 12 is arranged on a branch between the generator set and the compression heat pump;

[0030] The regulating valve 13 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the steam header of the steam generating device, the steam turbine and the waste heat boiler to the absorption heat pump.

[0031] Preferably, the steam turbine is a back pressure unit or an extraction condensing unit, which can adjust the ratio of power generation and steam supply according to needs.

[0032] According to the above technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the entire biomass gasification comprehensive utilization system can realize the full value utilization of biomass energy by adjusting the production ratio of steam, electricity, biomass carbon, hydrogen, cold and heat, and by using the technical means of purification preparation, cascade utilization and waste heat recovery, thereby significantly improving the equipment utilization rate and the overall efficiency of the system, making the system stable, and greatly improving the anti-risk ability of the project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of the provided drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 The present application is a work flow chart.

[0035] In the drawings:

[0036] 1-gasification device, 2-biomass charcoal collecting device, 3-purification device, 4-steam generating device, 5-internal combustion engine, 6-hydrogen purification device, 7-hydrogen collecting device, 8-steam supply device, 9-steam turbine, 10-generator set, 11-exhaust heat boiler, 12-electric power supply device, 13-absorption heat pump, 14-compression heat pump, 15-cool and warm supply device; 16-regulating valve 1; 17-regulating valve 2; 18-regulating valve 3; 19-regulating valve 4; 20-regulating valve 5; 21-regulating valve 6; 22-regulating valve 7; 23-regulating valve 8; 24-regulating valve 9; 25-regulating valve 10; 26-regulating valve 11; 27-regulator 12; 28-regulating valve 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] The embodiment provides a high-efficiency biomass gasification comprehensive utilization system, which comprises a gasification device (1), a biomass charcoal collecting device (2), a purification device (3), a steam generating device (4), an internal combustion engine (5), a hydrogen purification device (6), a hydrogen collecting device (7), a steam supply device (8), a steam turbine (9), a generator set (10), an exhaust heat boiler (11), an electric power supply device (12), an absorption heat pump (13), a compression heat pump (14), and a cool and warm supply device (15).

[0040] (1) The outlet end of the gasification device (1) is provided with two branches, one of which is connected with the biomass charcoal collecting device (2), and the other of which is divided into branch one and branch two; the branch one is connected with the steam generating device (4), and the branch two is connected with the purification device (3);

[0041] (2) The outlet pipeline of the steam generating device (4) is provided with two branches, which are connected with the steam supply device (8) and the steam turbine (9) respectively;

[0042] (3) The outlet end of the steam turbine (9) is provided with two branches, which are connected with the generator set (10) and the steam supply device (8) respectively;

[0043] (4) The outlet pipeline of the purification device (3) is provided with two branches, which are connected with the internal combustion engine (5) and the hydrogen purification device (6) respectively;

[0044] (5) The outlet pipeline of the internal combustion engine (5) is provided with two branches, which are connected with the generator set (10) and the waste heat boiler (11) respectively;

[0045] (6) The outlet end of the hydrogen gas purification device (6) is provided with two branches, one of which is connected with the hydrogen gas collecting device (7), and the other is divided into branch three and branch four, the branch three is connected with the internal combustion engine (5), and the branch four is connected with the steam generating device (4);

[0046] (7) The outlet line of the generator set (10) is provided with two branches, which are connected with the power supply device (12) and the compression heat pump (14) respectively;

[0047] (8) The waste heat boiler (11) is connected with the steam supply device (8);

[0048] (9) The inlet end of the absorption heat pump (13) is connected with the steam main pipe in which the steam generated by the steam generating device (4), the steam turbine (9) and the waste heat boiler (11) are mixed;

[0049] (10) The inlet pipeline of the heating and cooling supply device (15) is provided with two branches, which are connected with the absorption heat pump (13) and the compression heat pump (14) respectively.

[0050] In the embodiment, the system further comprises: regulating valve 1, regulating valve 2, regulating valve 3, regulating valve 4, regulating valve 5, regulating valve 6, regulating valve 7, regulating valve 8, regulating valve 9, regulating valve 10, regulating valve 11, regulator 12, regulating valve 13;

[0051] Among them, the regulating valve 1 (16) is arranged on the branch between the gasification device (1) and the biomass charcoal collecting device (2);

[0052] The regulating valve 2 (17) is arranged on another branch of the gasification device (1);

[0053] The regulating valve 3 (18) is arranged on the branch one;

[0054] The regulating valve 4 (19) is arranged on the branch two;

[0055] The regulating valve 5 (20) is arranged on the branch between the steam generating device (4) and the steam supply device (8);

[0056] The regulating valve 6 (21) is arranged on the branch between the steam generating device (4) and the steam turbine (9);

[0057] The regulating valve 7 (22) is arranged on the branch between the steam turbine (9) and the steam supply device (8);

[0058] The regulating valve 8 (23) is arranged on the branch between the purification device (3) and the internal combustion engine (5);

[0059] Adjusting valve 9 (24) is arranged on the branch between the purifying device (3) and the hydrogen gas purifying device (6);

[0060] Adjusting valve 10 (25) is arranged on the third branch;

[0061] Adjusting valve 11 (26) is arranged on the fourth branch;

[0062] Adjusting valve 12 (27) is arranged on the branch between the generator set (10) and the compression heat pump (14);

[0063] Adjusting valve 13 (28) is arranged on the pipeline connecting the steam supply device and the absorption heat pump, where the pipeline is at the junction of the steam generated by the steam generating device (4), the steam turbine (9) and the waste heat boiler (11);

[0064] Embodiment 2

[0065] The embodiment provides a use method of a high-efficiency biomass gasification comprehensive utilization system, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0066] (1) Biomass raw materials such as wood, crop residues, animal and plant wastes and plant fibers enter the gasification device (1) to perform a gasification reaction, to generate combustible gas rich in carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane, and to obtain biomass charcoal in the gasification process, and the production ratio of the biomass charcoal and the biomass fuel gas can be controlled through adjusting valve 1 (16) and adjusting valve 2 (17);

[0067] (2) The biomass fuel gas enters the steam generating device (4) to generate steam, or passes through the purifying device (3) to remove impurities, dust, tar, moisture and hydrogen sulfide components, to obtain high-quality biomass fuel gas, and the production ratio of the steam and the high-quality biomass fuel gas can be controlled through adjusting valve 3 (18) and adjusting valve 4 (19);

[0068] (3) The steam generated by the steam generating device (4) enters the steam supply device (8) to supply steam to the outside, or enters the steam turbine (9) to drive the generator set (10) to generate electricity, and the ratio of the external steam supply and the electricity generation can be controlled through adjusting valve 5 (20) and adjusting valve 6 (21);

[0069] (4) The steam turbine (9) can realize cogeneration, and the ratio of the external steam supply and the electricity generation can be controlled through adjusting valve 7 (22) arranged on the pipeline connecting the steam turbine and the steam supply device;

[0070] (5) The purified biomass gas enters the internal combustion engine (5) to drive the generator set (10) to generate electricity, or obtains hydrogen through the hydrogen purification device (6) and supplies it to the outside, which can realize the control of the proportion of hydrogen production and power generation through adjusting valve 8 (23) and adjusting valve 9 (24);

[0071] (6) The hydrogen-purified biomass gas can enter the internal combustion engine (5) to generate electricity, or enter the steam generating device (4) to produce steam, which can realize the control of the proportion of hydrogen production and power generation through adjusting valve 10 (25) and adjusting valve 11 (26);

[0072] (7) The cold and warm supply can be realized by using the electrically driven compression heat pump (14), or by using the steam-driven absorption heat pump (13), which can realize the control of the proportion of power consumption and steam consumption through adjusting valve 12 (27) and adjusting valve 13 (28).

[0073] The whole biomass gasification comprehensive utilization system adjusts the production proportion of steam, electricity, biomass charcoal, hydrogen, cold and warm supply, etc. according to the demand of the energy side, energy price and other factors, and realizes the full value utilization of biomass energy through the technical means of purification preparation, cascade utilization and waste heat recovery, significantly improves the equipment utilization rate and the overall efficiency of the system, makes the system stable, and greatly improves the anti-risk ability of the project.

[0074] The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. The same and similar parts between various embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the related parts can be referred to the method part.

[0075] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to the embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency biomass gasification comprehensive utilization system, characterized in that, The system comprises a gasification device, a biomass charcoal collection device, a purification device, a steam generation device, an internal combustion engine, a hydrogen purification device, a hydrogen collection device, a steam turbine, a generator set, a waste heat boiler, an absorption heat pump, a compression heat pump, a steam supply device, a power supply device, a cold and warm supply device, and the above-mentioned devices are connected by pipelines or lines to form the high-efficiency biomass gasification comprehensive utilization system, and the specific arrangement is as follows: (1) The outlet end of the gasification device is provided with two branches, one branch is connected with the biomass charcoal collection device, and the other branch is divided into branch one and branch two; the branch one is connected with the steam generation device, and the branch two is connected with the purification device; (2) The outlet pipeline of the steam generation device is provided with two branches, which are respectively connected with the steam supply device and the steam turbine; (3) The outlet end of the steam turbine is provided with two branches, which are respectively connected with the generator set and the steam supply device; (4) The outlet pipeline of the purification device is provided with two branches, which are respectively connected with the internal combustion engine and the hydrogen purification device; (5) The outlet end of the internal combustion engine is provided with two branches, which are respectively connected with the generator set and the waste heat boiler; (6) The outlet end of the hydrogen purification device is provided with two branches, one branch is connected with the hydrogen collection device; the other branch is divided into branch three and branch four, the branch three is connected with the internal combustion engine, and the branch four is connected with the steam generation device; (7) The outlet line of the generator set is provided with two branches, which are respectively connected with the power supply device and the compression heat pump; (8) The waste heat boiler is connected with the steam supply device; (9) The inlet end of the absorption heat pump is connected with the steam header of the three device outlets of the steam generation device, the steam turbine and the waste heat boiler; (10) The inlet pipeline of the cold and warm supply device is provided with two branches, which are respectively connected with the absorption heat pump and the compression heat pump.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein The steam turbine is a back pressure unit or an extraction condensing unit, which can adjust the proportion of power generation and steam supply according to the demand.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein Further comprising: adjusting valve 1, adjusting valve 2, adjusting valve 3, adjusting valve 4, adjusting valve 5, adjusting valve 6, adjusting valve 7, adjusting valve 8, adjusting valve 9, adjusting valve 10, adjusting valve 11, adjusting valve 12, adjusting valve 13; Among them, the adjusting valve 1 is arranged on the branch between the gasification device and the biomass charcoal collection device; The adjusting valve 2 is arranged on the other branch of the gasification device; The adjusting valve 3 is arranged on the branch one; The adjusting valve 4 is arranged on the branch two; The adjusting valve 5 is arranged on the branch between the steam generation device and the steam supply device; The adjusting valve 6 is arranged on the branch between the steam generation device and the steam turbine; The adjusting valve 7 is arranged on the branch between the steam turbine and the steam supply device; The adjusting valve 8 is arranged on the branch between the purification device and the internal combustion engine; The adjusting valve 9 is arranged on the branch between the purification device and the hydrogen purification device; The adjusting valve 10 is arranged on the branch three; The regulating valve 11 is arranged on the branch line IV; The regulator 12 is arranged on the branch line between the generator set and the compression heat pump; The regulating valve 13 is arranged on the pipeline connecting the absorption heat pump with the steam main at the junction of the steam generator, steam turbine and waste heat boiler.

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