Selective laser melting grafting monitoring device
By designing a laser selective fusion grafting monitoring device, the problems of low compatibility and accuracy of existing monitoring devices have been solved, enabling rapid positioning and real-time monitoring, improving printing quality and automation, and reducing manual intervention.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423083740.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-19
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing laser selective melting monitoring devices require special design and customization, cannot be quickly adapted to different printing equipment, have low monitoring accuracy and efficiency, rely on manual operation, which makes them prone to quality problems during the printing process and difficult to achieve unattended operation.
A laser selective melting grafting monitoring device was designed, comprising a narrowband filter, a lens sleeve, a PIN photodiode probe, a photoelectric control board, a data processing board, and a power supply board. It monitors the state of the molten pool by reflecting laser light and combines a detection and positioning module with a monitoring module to achieve rapid positioning and real-time monitoring. It supports wired or wireless connection to an industrial control computer.
It improves the versatility and accuracy of the monitoring device, reduces manual intervention, enhances print quality and automation, and ensures the stability and efficiency of the printing process.
Smart Images
Figure CN223684452U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to a laser selective melting grafting monitoring device. BACKGROUND
[0002] Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a kind of 3D printing technology which can directly form high-density and high-precision metal parts. In this technology, laser is selected as the energy source, and the metal powder bed is scanned layer by layer according to the planned path in the three-dimensional CAD slice model. During the scanning process, the metal powder is quickly melted and solidified under the heat of the laser beam, thereby achieving the effect of metallurgical bonding, and finally obtaining the metal parts designed in the model.
[0003] During the SLM forming process, there are strong heat conduction, heat radiation, heat convection, solidification, phase change and other physical and chemical changes in the metal molten pool. The molten pool state is closely related to the metallurgical, crystallization and phase change processes in the forming process, and the stability of the molten pool state in the processing process directly affects the quality of the formed product. Therefore, real-time monitoring of the molten pool state is the key to controlling the SLM process. According to the state of the molten pool, defects in the printing process can be found in time, and corresponding solutions can be found, which can effectively avoid the failure of part forming.
[0004] However, the existing monitoring device needs to be specially designed and customized, and cannot be quickly installed on the existing standard equipment, which limits the universality of the monitoring device among different printing equipment, and the monitoring precision and efficiency are low, which leads to quality problems such as welding misplacement, voids and residues in the printing process. In addition, the existing product has a high degree of dependence on manual operation, and it is difficult to realize unattended operation during the printing process, thereby increasing the labor cost. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION
[0005] In view of the technical problems in the prior art, the present application provides a laser selective melting grafting monitoring device.
[0006] The present application achieves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions:
[0007] The laser selective melting grafting monitoring device comprises a narrow-band optical filter, a lens sleeve, a focusing lens, a PIN photodiode probe, a photoelectric control board, a data processing board and a power supply board. The narrow-band optical filter is horizontally coaxially arranged at the front end of the lens sleeve, and the focusing lens is arranged in the lens sleeve. The lens sleeve and the PIN photodiode probe are detachably connected. The PIN photodiode probe and the photoelectric control board are electrically connected. The photoelectric control board and the data processing board are electrically connected. The photoelectric control board and the data processing board are respectively electrically connected with the power supply board.
[0008] In a specific embodiment, the laser emitter emits laser light, which is transmitted in turn through the mirror, the coaxial beam splitter, the galvanometer and the field lens to the forming platform. In the process of melting the metal powder, the laser light is reflected, returns to the field lens, then passes through the galvanometer and the coaxial beam splitter, and finally is reflected into the laser selective melting grafting monitoring device. The reflected light first passes through the narrow-band filter, allowing laser light of a single wavelength to pass through, and then is transmitted to the PIN photodiode probe by the focusing lens. The light of the single wavelength is inducted by the PIN photodiode probe to obtain a photocurrent. The photocurrent is effectively amplified and denoised by the photoelectric processing board and is converted into an analog voltage signal. The analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal by the data processing board, and the digital signal is transmitted to the industrial computer to feed back the molten pool situation. The monitoring device can be connected to the industrial computer by wired or wireless means.
[0009] The laser selective melting grafting monitoring device has a detection positioning module and a monitoring module. In a specific embodiment, before grafting, the monitoring device establishes a mapping relationship between the radiation data points and the actual radiation point XY coordinates through the reflected light path information. If the coordinates are consistent, it is considered that the grafting positioning point is correct, and grafting printing can be started on the current surface. During the grafting printing process, the monitoring device starts to monitor the metal powder melting state and the welding condition, and uploads these information to the industrial computer. The industrial computer adjusts the parameters according to the information to optimize the entire printing process.
[0010] Preferably, the photoelectric control board, the data processing board and the power supply board are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. This design can effectively reduce the overall size of the device, improve the versatility of the device, and enable it to be quickly deployed on existing standard equipment.
[0011] Further preferably, the parallel and spaced structure is supported by a copper column. The copper column has high strength and hardness, can withstand large mechanical stress, ensures that the parallel and spaced structure can remain stable, and has good heat conduction performance, which helps to dissipate heat and ensures that the device can operate stably in a high-temperature environment.
[0012] Preferably, it further comprises an outer shell and an upper cover, the lens sleeve, the PIN photodiode probe, the photoelectric control board, the data processing board and the power supply board are arranged in the outer shell, and the outer shell and the upper cover are detachably connected. The design of detachable connection of the upper cover makes the device easy to overhaul and maintain.
[0013] Further preferably, it further comprises an aluminum heat sink, which is arranged at the bottom of the PIN photodiode probe and can be detachably installed at the bottom inside the outer shell. The aluminum heat sink can effectively conduct the heat generated by the PIN photodiode to the heat sink and dissipate the heat to the air, thereby reducing the temperature of the PIN photodiode and ensuring its stable operation.
[0014] Further preferably, a dust cover is further included, the lens sleeve, the PIN photodiode probe and the aluminum heat sink are arranged in the dust cover, and the dust cover is detachably mounted on the bottom inside the shell.
[0015] In specific embodiments, in order to cope with the situation that the time for the molten pool to form in the 3D printing process is in the us level, a PIN photodiode with high sensitivity, high linearity and fast response speed is used as a sensor, so the PIN photodiode and the focusing lens are sensitive to dust and other impurities. The dust cover not only prevents dust and impurities from entering, but also protects the focusing lens and the PIN photodiode from mechanical damage. In addition, the dust cover is provided with an air outlet to ensure that the heat dissipated by the aluminum heat sink can be diffused outside the dust cover. The dust cover can be detachably mounted on the bottom inside the shell, which is also conducive to the maintenance and repair of the PIN photodiode probe and other components.
[0016] Further preferably, a butt flange is further included, the butt flange is detachably connected with the shell, and the narrow-band optical filter is arranged in the butt flange. The butt flange can make the reflected laser light accurately and stably pass through the narrow-band optical filter and then enter the laser selective melting grafting monitoring device.
[0017] Further preferably, a fixing plate is further included, the fixing plate is detachably mounted below the bottom of the shell, and the fixing plate is detachably connected with the printing equipment. Through the fixing plate, the laser selective melting grafting monitoring device can be quickly loaded on the printing equipment, and the installation and disassembly are both convenient.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
[0019] (1) The laser selective melting grafting monitoring device of the application is small and regular in size, and can be connected with an industrial computer through wired or wireless communication. It can be conveniently and quickly loaded on the laser light path of the printing equipment to build a molten pool monitoring system, and has strong universality.
[0020] (2) The laser selective melting grafting monitoring device of the application combines the detection positioning module and the monitoring module. Before grafting printing, the radiation point can be accurately positioned, and during grafting printing, the metal powder melting state can be monitored to judge the melting and welding conditions, and timely feedback can be given to the printing equipment for parameter setting. The precision and efficiency are improved from the aspects of monitoring and feedback, the welding quality is effectively improved, the manual intervention is reduced, and the automation degree is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0021] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments and serve the purpose of
[0022] Figure 1 Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a laser selective melting grafting monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0023] Figure 2 Figure 2 shows an exploded view of a grafting printing device according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0024] Figure 3 Figure 3 shows a laser light path diagram of a grafting printing device according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0025] Figure 4 Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of a laser selective melting grafting monitoring device according to a specific embodiment of the present application;
[0026] Figure 5 Figure 5 shows an exploded view of a laser selective melting grafting monitoring device according to a specific embodiment of the present application;
[0027] Wherein, 1-laser selective melting grafting monitoring device, 2-laser emitter, 3-laser forming bin, 4-mirror, 5-isolation cover, 6-coaxial beam splitter, 7-field lens, 8-vibrating mirror, 9-forming environment bin, 10-forming platform, 11-equipment fixing plate, 101-narrowband filter, 102-docking flange, 103-lens sleeve, 104-focusing lens, 105-PIN photodiode probe, 106-aluminum radiator, 107-dust cover, 108-optoelectronic control board, 109-data processing board, 110-power supply board, 111-copper column, 112-housing, 113-upper cover, 114-fixing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
[0029] Figure 1 Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a laser selective melting grafting monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 As shown in Figure 1, the laser selective melting grafting monitoring device 1 is directly installed on the laser light path of the printing device, so as to construct a molten pool monitoring system.
[0030] Figure 2 For grafting printing device explosion effect diagram, Figure 3 For grafting printing device laser light path diagram, as Figure 2 And Figure 3 As shown, the laser emitter 2 emits laser, which is emitted to the forming platform 10 through the mirror 4, the coaxial beam splitter 6, the galvanometer 8 and the field lens 7 in turn. In the process of melting metal powder, the laser produces reflection, returns to the field lens 7, and then passes through the galvanometer 8, the coaxial beam splitter 6 and finally reflects to the laser selective melting grafting monitoring device 1.
[0031] In a specific embodiment, a laser selective melting grafting monitoring device includes a narrow-band filter 101, a lens sleeve 103, a focusing lens 104, a PIN photodiode probe 105, a photoelectric control board 108, a data processing board 109 and a power supply board 110, as shown in Figure 4 And Figure 5 The narrow-band filter 101 is horizontally coaxially arranged at the front end of the lens sleeve 103, and the focusing lens 104 is arranged inside the lens sleeve 103; the lens sleeve 103 is detachably connected with the PIN photodiode probe 105; the PIN photodiode probe 105 is electrically connected with the photoelectric control board 108; the photoelectric control board 108 is electrically connected with the data processing board 109; and the photoelectric control board 108 and the data processing board 109 are respectively electrically connected with the power supply board 110.
[0032] In a specific embodiment, the reflected laser light first passes through the narrow-band filter 101, allowing laser of a single wavelength to pass, and then is transmitted to the PIN photodiode probe 105 by the focusing lens 104; the light of the single wavelength is inducted by the PIN photodiode probe 105 to obtain a photoelectric current; the photoelectric current is effectively amplified and denoised by the photoelectric processing board 108 and is converted into an analog voltage signal; the analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal by the data processing board 109, and the digital signal is transmitted to an industrial computer to feedback the molten pool situation. The laser selective melting grafting monitoring device 1 can be connected with the industrial computer in a wired or wireless manner.
[0033] In a specific embodiment, the photoelectric control board 108, the data processing board 109 and the power supply board 110 are arranged in parallel and are spaced apart, and 12 copper columns 111 are used as support members.
[0034] In a specific embodiment, it further includes a shell 112 and an upper cover 113, and the lens sleeve 103, the PIN photodiode probe 105, the photoelectric control board 108, the data processing board 109 and the power supply board 110 are arranged in the shell 112, and the shell 112 and the upper cover 113 are detachably connected through threaded connection.
[0035] In a specific embodiment, an aluminum heat sink 106 is further included, which is arranged at the bottom of the PIN photodiode probe 105 and is detachably installed at the bottom inside the shell 112 through screw connection.
[0036] In a specific embodiment, a dustproof cover 107 is further included, the lens sleeve 103, the PIN photodiode probe 105 and the aluminum heat sink 106 are arranged in the dustproof cover 107, and the dustproof cover 107 is detachably installed at the bottom inside the shell 112 through screw connection.
[0037] In a specific embodiment, a butt flange 102 is further included, which is detachably connected with the shell 112 through screw connection, and the narrowband filter 101 is arranged in the butt flange 102 and can directly receive reflected laser from the coaxial spectroscope 6.
[0038] In a specific embodiment, a fixing plate 114 is further included, which is detachably installed outside the bottom of the shell 112 through screw connection, and is detachably connected with the printing device through screw connection with the device fixing plate 11.
[0039] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed in the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
[0040] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms “upper”, “lower”, “inner”, “outer” and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. The word ‘includes’ does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word ‘a’ or ‘one’ before an element does not exclude the presence of multiple such elements. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that the combination of these measures cannot be used to improve. Any reference signs in the claims should not be interpreted as limiting the scope.
Claims
1. A device for monitoring a selective laser melting grafting, characterized in that, The application relates to a narrow-band filter, a lens sleeve, a focusing lens, a PIN photodiode probe, a photoelectric control board, a data processing board and a power supply board. The narrow-band filter is horizontally coaxially arranged at the front end of the lens sleeve, and the focusing lens is arranged in the lens sleeve. The lens sleeve and the PIN photodiode probe are detachably connected; the PIN photodiode probe and the photoelectric control board are electrically connected; the photoelectric control board and the data processing board are electrically connected; and the photoelectric control board and the data processing board are respectively electrically connected with the power supply board.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a laser power monitor configured to monitor a laser power of the laser beam. The photoelectric control board, the data processing board and the power supply board are arranged in parallel and at intervals.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the apparatus further comprises a laser power monitor configured to monitor the laser power of the laser beam. The parallel and interval structure takes a copper column as a support.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a laser power monitor. The application further comprises a shell and an upper cover, the lens sleeve, the PIN photodiode probe, the photoelectric control board, the data processing board and the power supply board are arranged in the shell, and the shell and the upper cover are detachably connected.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the laser selective melting grafting monitoring device is characterized by, The application further comprises an aluminum heat sink, the aluminum heat sink is arranged at the bottom of the PIN photodiode probe, and the aluminum heat sink is detachably arranged at the bottom of the shell.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the laser selective melting grafting monitoring device is characterized by, The application further comprises a dustproof cover, the lens sleeve, the PIN photodiode probe and the aluminum heat sink are arranged in the dustproof cover, and the dustproof cover is detachably arranged at the bottom of the shell.
7. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the apparatus further comprises a laser power monitor. The application further comprises a butt flange, the butt flange is detachably connected with the shell, and the narrow-band filter is arranged in the butt flange.
8. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the apparatus further comprises a laser power monitor. The application further comprises a fixing plate, the fixing plate is detachably arranged outside the bottom of the shell, and the fixing plate is detachably connected with a printing device.