Protection mechanism and solid-state battery

Abstract

The utility model discloses a protection mechanism and a solid-state battery. The protection mechanism comprises at least one protection unit, the protection unit comprises a first protection structure and a second protection structure, at least one cavity is formed in the first protection structure, the cavity is filled with the second protection structure, and the hardness of the first protection structure is larger than that of the second protection structure. A stress platform area can appear in the process that the protection unit is compressed, and the internal stress in the stress platform area range is basically kept unchanged. The protection mechanism is used in the solid-state battery and abuts against the outside of the battery cell, and the stress platform area enables the protection mechanism to better protect the battery cell, so that a relatively stable stress level is achieved between a solid electrode and a solid electrolyte in the charging and discharging process of the solid-state battery; therefore, the conductivity of the solid-state battery is improved, the interface impedance of the solid-state battery is reduced, and the battery performance is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a battery technical field especially relates to a protection mechanism and solid state battery. BACKGROUND

[0002] Solid state battery is a kind of battery using solid electrode and solid electrolyte, it uses solid electrolyte instead of liquid electrolyte with flammable, explosive, easy to leak, easy to decompose attribute as conduction material, reduces the security risk in the use process of battery, so that solid state battery is higher than traditional liquid battery with higher security.And, solid state battery also has high mechanical strength, high energy density, can realize large capacity preparation and other advantages, therefore, solid state battery is one of the important development directions of future battery.

[0003] Unlike solid-liquid contact of solid electrode and liquid electrolyte in traditional liquid battery, in the battery core structure of solid state battery, solid electrolyte and solid electrode are solid-solid contact, and this contact mode can make the contact tightness decline.And, because solid state battery is continuously expanded and shrunk when charging and discharging, if solid electrolyte and solid electrode are not contacted closely enough, there will be huge interface impedance between solid electrolyte and solid electrode, even crack, greatly affect battery performance.If the contact stress between solid electrolyte and solid electrode is too large, the effective substance (such as positive active material) in solid electrolyte and solid electrode will be broken, which also affects battery performance.

[0004] Therefore, how to make solid electrolyte and solid electrode have relatively stable stress level is a technical problem to be solved at present. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The first purpose of the utility model is to provide a protection mechanism for solving the problem of unstable stress level between solid electrolyte and solid electrode of solid state battery.

[0006] The second purpose of the utility model is to provide a solid state battery, which makes the stress level between solid electrode and solid electrolyte in the battery core more stable by using the protection mechanism to extrude the battery core, and improves the battery performance.

[0007] To achieve this purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A protection mechanism for use in a solid-state battery and abutting against an outer surface of a battery cell, the protection mechanism comprising at least one protection unit, the protection unit comprising: a first protection structure, at least one cavity being formed in the first protection structure; a second protection structure, the second protection structure being filled in the cavity; wherein a hardness of the first protection structure is greater than a hardness of the second protection structure.

[0009] As preferred, a plurality of the protection units can be assembled together to adapt to a space to be filled with the protection mechanism.

[0010] As preferred, one cavity is formed in the first protection structure, and the second protection structure is filled in the cavity.

[0011] As preferred, the first protection structure is a fully enclosed structure, the cavity is formed inside the first protection structure, and the first protection structure fully covers the second protection structure.

[0012] As preferred, at least one opening is formed on the first protection structure and communicates with the cavity, and part of a surface of the second protection structure is exposed through the opening.

[0013] As preferred, the second protection structure has a spherical shape, a multi-ribbed column shape, a cylindrical shape, or a semi-cylindrical shape; and / or the first protection structure has a spherical shape, a multi-ribbed column shape, a cylindrical shape, or a semi-cylindrical shape.

[0014] As preferred, a cross-sectional shape of the second protection structure in a direction perpendicular to a first direction is at least one of a circular shape, a polygonal shape, a semi-circular shape, a waist shape, or an elliptical shape; and / or an outer contour shape of a cross-section of the first protection structure in the direction perpendicular to the first direction is at least one of a circular shape, a polygonal shape, a semi-circular shape, a waist shape, or an elliptical shape; and / or an inner contour shape of the cross-section of the first protection structure in the direction perpendicular to the first direction is at least one of a circular shape, a polygonal shape, a semi-circular shape, a waist shape, or an elliptical shape.

[0015] As preferred, the first protection structure is one or more of a metal piece, a plastic piece, a thermoplastic polyurethane piece, a silicone rubber piece, an ethylene-propylene rubber piece, a natural rubber piece, a styrene-butadiene rubber piece, an isoprene rubber piece, a polybutadiene rubber piece, or a butyl rubber piece; and / or the second protection structure is one or more of a metal foamed material piece, a plastic foamed material piece, a thermoplastic polyurethane foamed material piece, a silicone foam piece, a polypropylene foam piece, an ethylene-propylene rubber foam piece, a natural rubber foam piece, a styrene-butadiene rubber foam piece, an isoprene rubber foam piece, a polybutadiene rubber foam piece, or a butyl rubber foam piece.

[0016] As preferred, the protection unit further comprises at least one third protection structure, which is wrapped outside the first protection structure.

[0017] As preferred, a plurality of cavities are formed in the first protection structure, and at least part of the cavities are filled with the second protection structure.

[0018] As preferred, the first protection structure is in a grid shape.

[0019] As preferred, the protection mechanism further comprises a fixing structure for fixing at least one protection unit.

[0020] As preferred, the fixing structure is a wrapping piece wrapped outside a plurality of protection units, or the fixing structure is a glue layer bonded between adjacent protection units, or the fixing structure is a soft material structure capable of filling gaps of the protection units and solidifying when the protection units are in a long strip shape and capable of being bent or rolled.

[0021] A solid-state battery comprises a battery shell, a battery cell and the protection mechanism, the battery cell is arranged in the battery shell, and the protection mechanism is filled between the battery shell and the battery cell.

[0022] As preferred, the battery cell is provided with at least two, and the protection mechanism is arranged between adjacent two battery cells.

[0023] The utility model discloses the beneficial effect:

[0024] The protection unit of the protection mechanism provided by the utility model adopts the first protection structure and the second protection structure with different hardness, and the second protection structure is filled in the cavity of the first protection structure, so that a stress platform area can appear in the compression stress strain curve of the protection unit in the compression process, and the stress basically remains unchanged in the stress platform area range along with the change of strain. The protection mechanism is used in the solid-state battery and abuts against the battery cell, the appearance of the stress platform area makes the protection mechanism better protect the battery cell, so that the solid-state battery reaches the stable stress level between the solid electrode and the solid electrolyte in the charge and discharge process, thereby the conductivity of the solid-state battery is improved, the interface impedance of the solid-state battery is reduced, and the battery performance is improved.

[0025] The solid-state battery provided by the utility model places the protection mechanism between the battery cell and the battery shell and abuts against the battery cell, and in the charge and discharge process of the solid-state battery, the protection unit extrudes the battery cell to make the solid electrode and the solid electrolyte in the battery cell, so that the stress level between the solid electrode and the solid electrolyte is relatively stable, and the battery performance is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the solid-state battery provided by this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of protective unit provided by this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the structure shown;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second type of protective unit provided by this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the protective mechanism provided by this utility model, which is formed by splicing together a first type of protective unit and / or a second type of protective unit;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the third type of protective unit provided by this utility model;

[0032] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the structure shown;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the protective mechanism formed by splicing together a third type of protective unit provided by this utility model;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth type of protective unit provided by this utility model;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth type of protective unit provided by this utility model;

[0036] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of the structure shown;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth type of protective unit provided by this utility model;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the protective mechanism provided by this utility model, which is formed by splicing together a fifth type of protective unit and / or a sixth type of protective unit;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the seventh type of protective unit provided by this utility model;

[0040] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A cross-sectional view of the structure shown;

[0041] Figure 16is the schematic view of the protection mechanism formed by the seventh protection unit according to the utility model;

[0042] Figure 17 is the schematic view of the eighth protection unit according to the utility model;

[0043] Figure 18 is the schematic view of the ninth protection unit according to the utility model;

[0044] Figure 19 is Figure 18 is the sectional view of the structure shown in the figure;

[0045] Figure 20 is the schematic view of the tenth protection unit according to the utility model;

[0046] Figure 21 is the schematic view of the eleventh protection unit according to the utility model;

[0047] Figure 22 is the sectional view of the twelfth protection unit according to the utility model;

[0048] Figure 23 is the sectional view of the thirteenth protection unit according to the utility model;

[0049] Figure 24 is the compression stress strain curve diagram of the protection piece in the prior art;

[0050] Figure 25 is the compression stress strain curve diagram of the protection unit according to the utility model;

[0051] Figure 26 is the schematic view of the first protection unit fixed by liquid silica gel according to the utility model;

[0052] Figure 27 is the schematic view of the second protection unit fixed by liquid silica gel according to the utility model;

[0053] Figure 28 is the schematic view of the third protection unit fixed by liquid silica gel according to the utility model.

[0054] In the figure:

[0055] 10, protection mechanism; 20, battery shell; 30, battery cell;

[0056] 100, protection unit; 110, first protection structure; 120, second protection structure; 130, third protection structure;

[0057] 200, fixed structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The utility model will be described in further detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the utility model and not to limit the utility model. In addition, it should be noted that only the parts related to the utility model are shown in the drawings for ease of description, not all the structures.

[0059] In the description of the utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", "fixed" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship of two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0060] In the utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the "upper" or "lower" of the first feature to the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the "upper", "upper" and "upper" of the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The "below", "below" and "below" of the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0061] In the description of the embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. orientation or position relationship is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0062] As Figure 1 As shown in the utility model discloses a kind of protection mechanism 10, the protection mechanism 10 is used in solid-state battery, to protect battery cell 30, and solve the problem of poor battery performance caused by bad contact between solid electrode and solid electrolyte and excessive stress between solid electrode and solid electrolyte during charging and discharging process of solid-state battery. Of course, in addition to being used in solid-state battery, the protection mechanism 10 can also be used in other devices, as long as it has protection needs, which will not be listed one by one here.

[0063] As Figures 2 to 23As shown, the protection mechanism 10 includes a protection unit 100, which can be one or multiple. Each protection unit 100 includes a first protection structure 110 and a second protection structure 120, at least one cavity is formed in the first protection structure 110, the second protection structure 120 is filled in the cavity, and the hardness of the first protection structure 110 is greater than that of the second protection structure 120. That is, the first protection structure 110 is a hollow structure. When the solid-state battery uses the protection mechanism 10, the protection mechanism 10 abuts against the battery cell 30 to achieve the purpose of protecting the battery cell 30.

[0064] As shown in Figure 24 , the compression stress-strain curve of the solid protection piece in the prior art is generally a smooth rising curve. The protection unit 100 provided by the utility model adopts the first protection structure 110 and the second protection structure 120 with different hardnesses, and the second protection structure 120 is filled in the cavity of the first protection structure 110, so that the protection unit 100 made of composite material can have a stress plateau region in the compression process. Although the strain increases in the stress plateau region, the stress basically remains unchanged, as shown in Figure 25 . That is, the compression stress of the protection unit 100 made of composite material changes normally with the strain before yielding, and hardly changes with the strain after yielding, so that the compression stress-strain curve presents a plateau shape, which can refer to the relatively smooth region of the curve in Figure 25 .

[0065] If the protection mechanism 10 provided by the utility model is used in a solid-state battery, that is, the protection mechanism 10 is placed between the battery cell 30 and the battery shell 20, and the outer wall surface of the protection unit 100 abuts against the outer wall surface of the battery cell 30, then in the charging and discharging process of the solid-state battery, if the battery cell 30 extrudes the protection unit 100, the protection unit 100 will reversely extrude the battery cell 30 to make the solid electrode and the solid electrolyte in the battery cell 30 tightly contact, without generating a gap, thereby improving the battery performance and solving the problem of poor performance caused by poor contact between the solid electrode and the solid electrolyte in the charging and discharging process of the solid-state battery. And due to the existence of the stress plateau region, when the solid electrode (positive electrode and negative electrode) expands and shrinks in the charging and discharging process of the solid-state battery, the stress applied to the battery cell 30 basically remains unchanged (i.e. appropriate stress plateau region) with the change of the strain size. If the stress of the protection mechanism continuously increases with the strain, the stress between the solid electrolyte and the solid electrode will be too large, which will cause the effective substance (for example: positive active material) of the solid-state battery to be broken.

[0066] Due to the various shapes and specifications of the solid-state battery, the shapes and sizes of the space to be filled between the outer wall surface of the battery cell 30 and the outer wall surface of the battery case 20 are also various. In order to make the protection mechanism 10 applicable to spaces to be filled of different shapes and different sizes, in some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2 to 20 the protection mechanism 10 includes a plurality of protection units 100, and each protection unit 100 is made into a small structure. The appropriate number of protection units 100 is selected according to the needs, and the plurality of protection units 100 are spliced together to adapt to the space to be filled between the battery cell 30 and the battery case 20. It should be noted that the sizes of the plurality of protection units 100 can be different, and the shapes can also be different.

[0067] Further, in order to improve the stability of the plurality of protection units 100 spliced together, so that it is not easy to loosen, or in order to maintain the shape of the protection unit 100 unchanged, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 13 the protection mechanism 10 also includes a fixing structure 200 for fixing at least one protection unit 100.

[0068] In some embodiments, the fixing structure 200 is a wrapping member wrapped outside the plurality of protection units 100, such as a film, a binding tape, etc.

[0069] In some parallel embodiments, the fixing structure 200 is a glue layer coated between two adjacent protection units 100.

[0070] In some parallel embodiments, the fixing structure 200 is a soft material structure capable of filling the gaps of the protection units 100 and solidifying. Here, the gap can be the gap between adjacent protection units 100 in the plurality of protection units 100, or the gap between adjacent parts of the protection unit 100 formed by bending and curling the long strip-shaped protection unit 100 into a curved structure. That is, the soft material structure after solidification is used as the fixing structure 200 to fix the plurality of protection units 100 together, or to fix the relative positions of the parts of the protection unit 100 unchanged, maintaining the fixed shape. Alternatively, the soft material structure can be liquid silicone or resin.

[0071] In a specific embodiment, as shown in Figure 26 the long strip-shaped protection unit 100 or the plurality of spliced long strip-shaped protection units 100 is coiled into a disc structure similar to a mosquito-repellent incense, and the liquid silicone is filled in the gap of the disc structure to form the fixing structure 200, and finally a sheet-shaped protection mechanism 10 is formed.

[0072] In another specific embodiment, as shown in Figure 27As shown, the long strip-shaped protection unit 100 or multiple long strip-shaped protection units 100 are coiled into a "serpentine" structure, and the liquid silicone is filled in the gaps of the serpentine structure to form the fixing structure 200, and finally the sheet-shaped protection mechanism 10 is formed.

[0073] In yet another specific embodiment, as shown, the long strip-shaped protection unit 100 or multiple long strip-shaped protection units 100 are coiled into a "labyrinth" structure, and the liquid silicone is filled in the gaps of the labyrinth structure to form the fixing structure 200, and finally the sheet-shaped protection mechanism 10 is formed. Figure 28

[0074] Of course, in some parallel embodiments, the protection mechanism 10 can also include only one protection unit 100, which is made into a larger structure, and the protection unit 100 is bent to be directly filled in the space to be filled between the battery cell 30 and the battery shell 20. Figure 21 The protection unit 100 shown can be used alone or multiple together.

[0075] Continuing to refer to Figures 2 to 20 As shown, in some embodiments, a cavity is formed in the first protection structure 110, and the second protection structure 120 is filled in the cavity. As shown Figure 21 As shown, in some parallel embodiments, multiple cavities are formed in the first protection structure 110, and at least part of the cavities are filled with the second protection structure 120. Optionally, the first protection structure 110 is in a grid shape.

[0076] When there is only one cavity in the first protection structure 110, in some embodiments, as shown Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 , Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown, the first protection structure 110 is a fully enclosed structure, and the cavity is formed inside the first protection structure 110, and the first protection structure 110 fully covers the second protection structure 120. As shown Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 If the second protection structure 120 is in a cubic shape, then the first protection structure 110 covers the six outer wall surfaces of the second protection structure 120; as shown Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 ​As shown in FIG. 1, if the second protective structure 120 is in the shape of a cylinder, the first protective structure 110 covers the side wall surface and the two end surfaces of the second protective structure 120.

[0077] In some parallel embodiments, the first protective structure 110 is a semi-closed structure, and at least one opening is formed on the first protective structure 110 to communicate with the cavity, and part of the surface of the second protective structure 120 is exposed through the opening. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the first protective structure 110 is a semi-closed structure, and an opening is formed on the first protective structure 110 to communicate with the cavity, and part of the surface of the second protective structure 120 is exposed through the opening. Figure 4 and Figure 9 As shown in FIG. 3, if the second protective structure 120 is in the shape of a cube, the first protective structure 110 covers part of the outer wall surface of the second protective structure 120, for example, covers four side wall surfaces of the second protective structure 120, or covers four side wall surfaces and the top surface of the second protective structure 120, or covers four side wall surfaces and the bottom surface of the second protective structure 120. Figure 12 and Figure 17 As shown in FIG. 4, if the second protective structure 120 is in the shape of a cylinder, the first protective structure 110 covers the side wall surface of the second protective structure 120, or covers the side wall surface and one of the end surfaces of the second protective structure 120.

[0078] Optionally, the second protective structure 120 is in one of the shapes of a spherical ball, a multi-ribbed column, a cylinder, and a semi-cylinder. The multi-ribbed column includes a triangular column, a quadrangular column, and a column with more ribs. The first protective structure 110 is a hollow structure, and optionally, the first protective structure 110 is in one of the shapes of a spherical ball, a multi-ribbed column, a cylinder, and a semi-cylinder. The shape of the cavity of the first protective structure 110 is the same as the shape of the second protective structure 120 located in the cavity. Of course, in addition to the above-mentioned shapes, the first protective structure 110 and the second protective structure 120 can also be provided in other shapes according to requirements.

[0079] The shape of the first protective structure 110 and the shape of the second protective structure 120 can be the same or different, and preferably the same. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the shape of the first protective structure 110 and the shape of the second protective structure 120 are the same, both of which are in the shape of a cuboid. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 2, the shape of the first protective structure 110 and the shape of the second protective structure 120 are both in the shape of a cuboid. Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown in FIG. 4, the shape of the first protective structure 110 and the shape of the second protective structure 120 are both in the shape of a cylinder. If the shape of the first protective structure 110 and the shape of the second protective structure 120 are different, the shape of the first protective structure 110 can be in the shape of a cuboid, and the shape of the second protective structure 120 can be in the shape of a spherical ball.

[0080] The first protection structure 110 and the second protection structure 120 are arranged to extend along the first direction. The second protection structure 120 has a plurality of different cross sections perpendicular to the first direction, and the shapes of the plurality of cross sections can be the same or different. Optionally, the cross section shape of the second protection structure 120 perpendicular to the first direction is at least one of a circle, a polygon, a semicircle, a waist shape, and an ellipse. Of course, in addition to the aforementioned shapes, the cross section shape of the second protection structure 120 perpendicular to the first direction can also be designed as other shapes according to requirements. It should be noted that the cross section shape of the second protection structure 120 perpendicular to the first direction can also be a quadrilateral with rounded corners as shown in FIG. 6, or other polygons with rounded corners, that is, the outer side of the second protection structure 120 is rounded, and the inner side of the hollow first protection structure 110 is rounded. Figure 3 The first protection structure 110 and the second protection structure 120 are arranged to extend along the first direction. The second protection structure 120 has a plurality of different cross sections perpendicular to the first direction, and the shapes of the plurality of cross sections can be the same or different. Optionally, the cross section shape of the second protection structure 120 perpendicular to the first direction is at least one of a circle, a polygon, a semicircle, a waist shape, and an ellipse. Of course, in addition to the aforementioned shapes, the cross section shape of the second protection structure 120 perpendicular to the first direction can also be designed as other shapes according to requirements. It should be noted that the cross section shape of the second protection structure 120 perpendicular to the first direction can also be a quadrilateral with rounded corners as shown in FIG. 6, or other polygons with rounded corners, that is, the outer side of the second protection structure 120 is rounded, and the inner side of the hollow first protection structure 110 is rounded.

[0081] For example, if the second protection structure 120 is a structure with a constant cross section shape in the first direction, the cross section shape can be any one of a circle, a polygon, a semicircle, a waist shape, and an ellipse; if the second protection structure 120 is a structure with a variable cross section shape in the first direction, the cross section shape can be a plurality of shapes such as a circle, a polygon, a semicircle, a waist shape, and an ellipse, for example, one cross section is a circle and another cross section is a waist shape.

[0082] Since the first protection structure 110 is a hollow structure, the cross section of the first protection structure 110 perpendicular to the first direction includes an outer contour shape and an inner contour shape. The first protection structure 110 has a plurality of different cross sections perpendicular to the first direction, and the outer contour shapes of the plurality of cross sections can be the same or different, and the inner contour shapes of the plurality of cross sections can be the same or different. Optionally, the outer contour shape of the cross section of the first protection structure 110 perpendicular to the first direction is at least one of a circle, a polygon, a semicircle, a waist shape, and an ellipse. The polygon includes a triangle, a quadrilateral, a pentagon, and a polygon with more sides. The inner contour shape of the cross section of the first protection structure 110 perpendicular to the first direction is at least one of a circle, a polygon, a semicircle, a waist shape, and an ellipse. Of course, in addition to the aforementioned shapes, the outer contour shape and the inner contour shape of the cross section of the first protection structure 110 perpendicular to the first direction can also be designed as other shapes according to requirements.

[0083] Exemplarily, if the outer contour shape of the first protection structure 110 in multiple sections perpendicular to the first direction is the same, the outer contour shape can be one of a circle, a polygon, a semicircle, a waist shape, and an ellipse; if the outer contour shape of the first protection structure 110 in multiple sections perpendicular to the first direction is different, the outer contour shape can be multiple of a circle, a polygon, a semicircle, a waist shape, and an ellipse, for example, the outer contour shape of one section is a circle and the outer contour shape of another section is a polygon.

[0084] If the inner contour shape of the first protection structure 110 in multiple sections perpendicular to the first direction is the same, the inner contour shape can be one of a circle, a polygon, a semicircle, a waist shape, and an ellipse; if the inner contour shape of the first protection structure 110 in multiple sections perpendicular to the first direction is different, the inner contour shape can be multiple of a circle, a polygon, a semicircle, a waist shape, and an ellipse, for example, the inner contour shape of one section is a circle and the inner contour shape of another section is a polygon.

[0085] The first protection structure 110 is a hollow structure made of a material with high hardness. Optionally, the first protection structure 110 is one or more of a silicone rubber piece, an ethylene-propylene rubber piece, a natural rubber piece, a styrene-butadiene rubber piece, an isoprene rubber piece, a polybutadiene rubber piece, and a butyl rubber piece. Optionally, the material hardness of the first protection structure 110 is Shore A: 70-100. Of course, the first protection structure 110 can also be made of other rubber materials as long as the hardness requirement is met.

[0086] In addition, the first protection structure 110 can also be a metal piece, for example, the first protection structure 110 can be a structure made of aluminum, steel, or iron. Alternatively, the first protection structure 110 can also be a plastic piece, for example, the first protection structure 110 can be a structure made of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), or polyurethane (PU). Alternatively, the first protection structure 110 can also be a structure made of thermoplastic polyurethane.

[0087] It should be noted that when multiple protection units 100 are needed, the first protection structure 110 of different protection units 100 can be the same structure made of the same material or different structures made of different materials; the shape of the first protection structure 110 can be the same or different.

[0088] The second protection structure 120 is a hollow structure made of a material with small hardness. Optionally, the second protection structure 120 is one or more of a silicon foam piece, a polypropylene foam piece, an ethylene-propylene rubber foam piece, a natural rubber foam piece, a styrene-butadiene rubber foam piece, an isoprene rubber foam piece, a polybutadiene rubber foam piece, and a butyl rubber foam piece. Optionally, the material hardness of the second protection structure 120 is Shore A: 0-70. Of course, the second protection structure 120 can also be made of other rubber materials or foam materials as long as the hardness requirement is met.

[0089] In addition, the second protection structure 120 can also be a metal foaming material piece. For example, the second protection structure 120 can be a foaming structure made of aluminum, steel, or iron. Alternatively, the second protection structure 120 can also be a plastic foaming material piece. For example, the second protection structure 120 can be a foaming structure made of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), or polyurethane (PU). Alternatively, the second protection structure 120 can also be a thermoplastic polyurethane foaming material piece made of thermoplastic polyurethane foaming material.

[0090] It should be noted that when multiple protection units 100 are needed, the second protection structures 120 of different protection units 100 can be the same structure piece made of the same material or different structure pieces made of different materials. The shapes of the second protection structures 120 can be the same or different. In addition, multiple or multiple types of second protection structures 120 can be filled in the same first protection structure 110.

[0091] Continuing to refer to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, Figure 22 and Figure 23 In some embodiments, the protection unit 100 further includes at least one third protection structure 130, which is wrapped outside the first protection structure 110. The third protection structure 130 can be made of a hard material like the first protection structure 110 or a soft material like the second protection structure 120. The manufacturing materials of the third protection structure 130 can be the same or different. The third protection structure 130 can be one layer or multiple layers. If it is multiple layers, as shown in FIG. 3, multiple third protection structures 130 are wrapped outside the first protection structure 110 in sequence, and the materials of adjacent two third protection structures 130 can be the same or different. Figure 23

[0092] The utility model discloses still disclose a kind of solid-state battery, as shown in Figure 1 ​As shown, the solid-state battery comprises a battery shell 20, a battery cell 30 and the above-mentioned protection mechanism 10, the battery cell 30 is arranged in the battery shell 20, the battery cell 30 is provided with a solid electrode and a solid electrolyte, and the protection mechanism 10 is filled between the battery shell 20 and the battery cell 30. Figures 2 to 20 The protection units 100 shown in the above embodiment are arranged and filled between the battery shell 20 and the battery cell 30, and can also be arranged and filled between the battery shell 20 and the battery cell 30 by one or more protection units 100 shown in the above embodiment. Figure 21 The protection units 100 shown in the above embodiment are arranged and filled between the battery shell 20 and the battery cell 30, and can also be arranged and filled between the battery shell 20 and the battery cell 30 by one or more protection units 100 shown in the above embodiment.

[0093] Optionally, the battery shell 20 is in a cubic shape, and the battery cell 30 is a square cell.

[0094] Optionally, the battery cell 30 is provided with at least two, and the protection mechanism 10 is arranged between the adjacent two battery cells 30. In this way, the battery cell 30 can be protected in all directions.

[0095] Optionally, the protection mechanism 10 is in a sheet structure, so as to facilitate the arrangement of the protection mechanism 10 between the battery shell 20 and the battery cell 30, and between the adjacent two battery cells 30.

[0096] Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application are only examples for clearly illustrating the present application, and are not intended to limit the implementation modes of the present application. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, re-adjustments and replacements can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present application. Here, it is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation modes. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A protective mechanism, characterized in that, Used in solid-state batteries and abutting against the outside of battery cells (30), the protective mechanism includes at least one protective unit (100), the protective unit (100) comprising: A first protective structure (110) having at least one cavity formed therein; The second protective structure (120) is filled in the cavity; The hardness of the first protective structure (110) is greater than that of the second protective structure (120).

2. The protective mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple protective units (100) can be assembled together to fit the space to be filled in the protective mechanism.

3. The protective mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first protective structure (110) has a cavity formed therein, and the second protective structure (120) fills the cavity.

4. The protective mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first protective structure (110) is a fully enclosed structure, the cavity is formed inside the first protective structure (110), and the first protective structure (110) is completely covered by the second protective structure (120).

5. The protective mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first protective structure (110) has at least one opening communicating with the cavity, and a portion of the surface of the second protective structure (120) is exposed through the opening.

6. The protective mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second protective structure (120) has one of the following shapes: spherical, polygonal prism, cylindrical, or semi-cylindrical; And / or, the shape of the first protective structure (110) is one of a sphere, a polygonal prism, a cylinder, or a semi-cylindrical shape.

7. The protective mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second protective structure (120) has a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the first direction that is at least one of a circle, a polygon, a semicircle, an oblong shape, or an ellipse; And / or, the outer contour shape of the first protective structure (110) in the cross section perpendicular to the first direction is at least one of a circle, a polygon, a semicircle, an oblong shape, and an ellipse; And / or, the inner contour shape of the first protective structure (110) in the cross section perpendicular to the first direction is at least one of a circle, a polygon, a semicircle, an oblong shape, and an ellipse.

8. The protective mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first protective structure (110) is one or more of the following: metal parts, plastic parts, thermoplastic polyurethane parts, silicone rubber parts, ethylene propylene rubber parts, natural rubber parts, styrene-butadiene rubber parts, isoprene rubber parts, polybutadiene rubber parts, and butyl rubber parts; And / or, the second protective structure (120) is one or more of the following: metal foam material, plastic foam material, thermoplastic polyurethane foam material, silicone foam material, polypropylene foam material, ethylene propylene rubber foam material, natural rubber foam material, styrene-butadiene rubber foam material, isoprene rubber foam material, polybutadiene rubber foam material, and butyl rubber foam material.

9. The protective mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective unit (100) further includes at least one third protective structure (130), which covers the first protective structure (110).

10. The protective mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first protective structure (110) forms a plurality of cavities, and at least a portion of the cavities are filled with the second protective structure (120).

11. The protective mechanism according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first protective structure (110) is in the form of a mesh.

12. The protective mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective mechanism further includes a fixing structure (200) for fixing at least one of the protective units (100).

13. The protective mechanism according to claim 12, characterized in that, The fixing structure (200) is a package that wraps around the plurality of protective units (100); Alternatively, the fixing structure (200) may be an adhesive layer bonded between adjacent protective units (100); Alternatively, the elongated protective unit (100) can be bent or rolled up, and the fixing structure (200) is a soft material structure capable of sealing and curing the gaps of the protective unit (100).

14. A solid-state battery, characterized in that, The device includes a battery housing (20), a battery cell (30), and a protective mechanism according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein the battery cell (30) is disposed within the battery housing (20), and the protective mechanism is filled between the battery housing (20) and the battery cell (30) and abuts against the battery cell (30).

15. The solid-state battery according to claim 14, characterized in that, The battery cell (30) is provided in at least two, and the protective mechanism is provided between two adjacent battery cells (30).

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