Intelligent electric appliance power management device for automobile

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intelligent electric appliance power management device for an automobile, and belongs to the technical field of automobile power management. The system comprises a central control unit and at least one low-voltage insurance module or high-voltage insurance module, the low-voltage safety module and the high-voltage safety module are of module splicing and connecting structures; the central control unit is connected with each low-voltage insurance module; when the electric appliance power management device is provided with the high-voltage insurance module, the electric appliance power management device further comprises a high-voltage chip control unit and an internal communication unit. And the high-voltage chip control unit is connected with the central control unit, the internal communication unit and each high-voltage insurance module. According to the utility model, through real-time current monitoring, fault diagnosis and overcurrent protection of low-voltage and high-voltage loops of the vehicle, current protection and monitoring of the electronic control unit of the whole vehicle are realized, dynamic and accurate management of electric energy of the vehicle is carried out, and the system has important value for improving safety, reliability and energy-saving effect of the whole vehicle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile electronic appliance management, especially relates to a kind of automobile intelligent electric appliance power management device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of automobile electronic appliance system, the number and complexity of electronic control unit (ECU) are increasing. These ECUs control various functions of the vehicle, including power system, body electronics, entertainment system and safety system, involving a large amount of power management and data processing.

[0003] The invention with publication number CN114211963A discloses a relay control device, a battery management system and an electric vehicle, which comprises: a microcontroller, a delay module, a logic circuit and a relay module; the microcontroller is connected with the logic circuit; the microcontroller is connected with the logic circuit through the delay module; the logic circuit is connected with the control end of the relay module; the microcontroller is configured to send a relay control signal to the logic circuit in normal working mode to realize control of the relay module; and in abnormal reset mode, a delay enable signal is sent to the delay module to realize delay control of the relay module. However, the response speed of the fuse is slow and not flexible, and once overcurrent or short circuit occurs, the fuse needs to be fused, and the fused fuse must be replaced manually, which results in long downtime of the vehicle and high maintenance cost. In addition, the multiplicity of traditional fuse box and relay box is poor, and the power consumption demand and architecture difference of different vehicle models are large, so that its adaptability between platform application and different vehicle models is low, and it is difficult to meet the changing market demand.

[0004] Therefore, the utility model provides an automobile intelligent electric appliance power management device, which can meet the protection and monitoring needs of vehicle low-voltage system and new energy vehicle high-voltage system, adapt to the development trend of current and future automobile industry, and provide comprehensive power protection and management service for automobiles. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an automobile intelligent electric appliance power management device to solve the technical problem that the existing vehicle power management system cannot simultaneously meet the protection and monitoring needs of vehicle low-voltage and high-voltage systems, and cannot perform real-time current monitoring, fault diagnosis and overcurrent protection on vehicle low-voltage and high-voltage circuits.

[0006] The utility model provides an automobile intelligent electric appliance power management device, which comprises:

[0007] The central control unit is connected with each low-voltage fuse module, and when the electric appliance power management device has a high-voltage fuse module, the central control unit is further connected with a high-voltage chip control unit and an internal communication unit; the high-voltage chip control unit is connected with the central control unit, the internal communication unit and each high-voltage fuse module.

[0008] Further, the low-voltage fuse module and the high-voltage fuse module each include an enable control circuit, a current acquisition circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit and a switch control circuit connected with the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit; the enable control circuit, the current acquisition circuit and the switch control circuit are each connected with the overcurrent protection circuit, and the enable control circuit is further connected with the switch control circuit.

[0009] Further, the overcurrent protection circuit includes a signal amplification circuit, a reference voltage circuit and a comparison circuit; an input end of the signal amplification circuit is connected with an output end of the current acquisition circuit, output ends of the signal amplification circuit and the reference voltage circuit are connected with input ends of the comparison circuit; an output end of the comparison circuit and an input end of the reference voltage circuit are each connected with the switch control circuit and the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit.

[0010] The signal amplification circuit is used for signal amplification of the current monitoring circuit, and the voltage output is convenient for voltage acquisition of the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit.

[0011] The reference voltage circuit is used for setting a preset current threshold of overcurrent protection according to a control instruction of the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit, and providing a reference voltage for the comparison circuit according to the preset current threshold.

[0012] The comparison circuit is used for comparing the reference voltage and the voltage output by the signal amplification circuit, judging whether overcurrent occurs according to a comparison result, outputting a fault signal when overcurrent occurs, and sending a shutdown instruction to the switch control circuit.

[0013] Further, in the low-voltage fuse module, a switching device of the switch control circuit is a MOS tube or a transistor.

[0014] Further, in the high-voltage fuse module, a switching device of the switch control circuit is one of an IGBT, a MOSFET or silicon carbide.

[0015] Further, the low-voltage fuse module and the high-voltage fuse module further include a reset circuit; one end of the reset circuit is connected with the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit, and the other end is connected with the switch control circuit.

[0016] Reset circuit, for automatic or manual reset after overcurrent protection trigger, according to central control unit / high voltage chip control unit sends opening signal to switch control circuit, makes low voltage / high voltage fuse module return to normal working state.

[0017] Further, the control module further comprises an external communication unit with a CAN or LIN interface;

[0018] The external communication unit is configured to report the battery voltage, total current, current consumption of each module and fault information to the vehicle control system via the CAN or LIN bus, so as to facilitate analysis and fault positioning by the vehicle control system or diagnostic equipment.

[0019] Further, the central control unit further comprises a configuration management module;

[0020] The chip control unit further comprises a configuration management module, configured to configure the maximum current limit and action delay of each fuse module according to different vehicle models, different numbers of electrical appliances and electrical priority.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

[0022] (1) The device is based on a modular plug-in design, and the fuse circuit can be flexibly expanded or reduced, and the overcurrent protection threshold can be freely customized according to different vehicle models or numbers of electrical appliances, thereby improving the platformization and reusability. The device can be applied to traditional fuel vehicles and can meet the needs of new energy vehicles for intelligent protection and management of high-voltage and low-voltage circuits.

[0023] (2) By electrifying and modularizing the traditional fuse box and relay box, the basic protection function of the ECU can be replaced, and real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis of vehicle power consumption can be realized.

[0024] (3) Through the combination of the central control unit and the fuse module, dynamic scheduling of electric energy can be realized at the vehicle level, the power demand of different vehicle models and electrical appliances can be flexibly configured, and the safety, stability and energy saving effect of the vehicle can be effectively improved.

[0025] In summary, the device realizes current protection and monitoring of the vehicle electronic control unit, dynamic and accurate management of vehicle electric energy, and has important value for improving the safety, reliability and energy saving effect of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the automobile intelligent electric appliance power management device provided by the utility model is shown in the figure.

[0027] Figure 2 Another structural schematic view of the automobile intelligent electric appliance power management device is provided in the utility model.

[0028] Figure 3 The structural composition schematic view of the low-voltage / high-voltage fuse module is provided in the utility model.

[0029] Figure 4 The structural composition schematic view of the low-voltage fuse module is provided in the utility model.

[0030] Figure 5 The circuit structural schematic view of the low-voltage fuse module is provided in the utility model. Specific implementation

[0031] The preferred embodiments of the utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, wherein the drawings form a part of the present application and are used together with the embodiments of the utility model to explain the principles of the utility model, but are not used to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0032] The utility model discloses an automobile intelligent electric appliance power management device, please see Figure 1 The automobile intelligent electric appliance power management device 100 includes a central control unit 101 and at least one low-voltage fuse module 102 or high-voltage fuse module 103;The low-voltage fuse module 102 and high-voltage fuse module 103 are all module splicing connection structures;The central control unit 101 is connected with each low-voltage fuse module 102;When the electric appliance power management device 100 has high-voltage fuse module 103, it also includes high-voltage chip control unit 104 and internal communication unit 105;The high-voltage chip control unit 104 is connected with the central control unit 101, internal communication unit 105 and each high-voltage fuse module 103.

[0033] In the automobile intelligent electric appliance power management device provided by the embodiment, the low-voltage and high-voltage fuse modules can be combined in a splicing mode, and the low-voltage fuse module and the high-voltage fuse module can be flexibly added, reduced or replaced according to different vehicle models and electric appliance requirements, so as to adapt to different application scenarios of traditional fuel vehicles and new energy vehicles. The high-voltage module and the low-voltage module can be controlled by the unified central control unit, the current of each path can be monitored, the fault state of each ECU can be diagnosed, and the switch of each path can be controlled to achieve the circuit protection function of the fuse.

[0034] When the system is powered on or the vehicle is woken up, the central control unit will first initialize each fuse module, and periodically collect the current, voltage and fault state data of the low-voltage fuse module and the high-voltage fuse module;If an abnormal condition such as overcurrent or short circuit is detected, the central control unit can send a protection instruction (disconnect or warning) to the corresponding fuse module.

[0035] It should be noted that the central control unit is an internally integrated microchip control unit, which is usually deployed on the low-voltage side. If the device of the present embodiment is applied to a pure fuel vehicle, the high-voltage fuse module can not be connected, and the central control unit can be configured by the diagnostic instrument / upper computer to enable each low-voltage / high-voltage path. If the high-voltage fuse module needs to be connected in the electrical power management device, an MCU is also needed on the high-voltage side, because if there is a high-voltage fuse module, the circuit needs to distinguish between high and low voltage, and also needs to isolate high and low voltage, and needs to be equipped with an isolation power supply and a communication isolation circuit, for realizing safe isolation between the high-voltage system of the whole vehicle and the low-voltage control system.

[0036] In order to better coordinate the whole vehicle power system, the central control unit also needs to receive control instructions from the whole vehicle control system, so as to improve the safety, reliability, intelligence and operation efficiency of the system. As a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 The device also includes an external communication unit with a CAN or LIN interface;

[0037] The external communication unit is connected to the whole vehicle control system, and is used to report the battery voltage, total current, current consumption of each module and fault information to the whole vehicle control system through the CAN or LIN bus, so as to facilitate the analysis and fault positioning of the whole vehicle control system or diagnostic equipment. Through data interaction between the external communication unit and the whole vehicle control system, dynamic scheduling of electric energy is realized at the whole vehicle level.

[0038] Further, the module plug-in connection structure serves as a mother board or backplane, and is physically plugged with the low-voltage fuse module and the high-voltage fuse module, and provides necessary low-voltage power supply and data transmission channels to each fuse module through a common communication bus and a power line.

[0039] For new energy vehicles, a high-voltage fuse module needs to be added on the basis of the low-voltage fuse module, for managing power batteries, high-voltage auxiliary systems or charging circuits, etc. According to the actual needs of different vehicle models, the number of high-voltage modules can be increased or decreased as needed, and flexible assembly is realized through a unified backplane plug-in structure. At the same time, through the energy management strategy of the chip, the high-voltage and low-voltage systems are optimized in coordination, so as to improve the endurance mileage and safety reliability of the whole vehicle.

[0040] In some embodiments, the central control unit also includes a configuration management module;

[0041] The chip control unit also includes a configuration management module, which is used to configure the maximum current limit, action delay and power-off recovery strategy of each fuse module according to different vehicle models, different numbers of electrical appliances and electrical priority.

[0042] In practical applications, the central control unit can manage and monitor the working state of the system through a configuration tool (a configuration mode can be selected by a diagnostic instrument or a cloud background), without the need for manual replacement of physical fuses. The central control unit can also update the firmware program or configuration parameters of the fuse module online, realizing remote maintenance and function expansion.

[0043] By providing a special configuration tool for the host factory customer, the host factory customer can easily customize and transplant according to the vehicle model, realize accurate management of the vehicle under different working conditions, different driving modes and different energy states, select to turn on or turn off a specific loop according to the working state of the vehicle or the driver's instruction, realize energy priority scheduling and energy saving strategy, and improve the flexibility of configuration.

[0044] In some embodiments, the central control unit further comprises an energy management module;

[0045] The energy management module is configured to obtain real-time working states of the vehicle sent by a vehicle control system or a diagnostic device, determine energy saving and power supply strategies according to the real-time working states, and control the low-voltage fuse module and / or the high-voltage fuse module to switch.

[0046] Through centralized management and intelligent decision-making, the vehicle control system can better coordinate monitoring and fault diagnosis, and also monitor the working of the power system, ensuring that the equipment operates stably and with low maintenance cost for a long time.

[0047] Embodiment 2

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, the low-voltage fuse module and the high-voltage fuse module each comprise an enable control circuit, a current acquisition circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit and a switch control circuit connected with the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit; the enable control circuit, the current acquisition circuit and the switch control circuit are connected with the overcurrent protection circuit, and the enable control circuit is also connected with the switch control circuit;

[0049] The enable control circuit is configured to switch the enable state of the current module, and enable or disable the current module according to a control instruction;

[0050] The current acquisition circuit is configured to monitor the real-time current of the low-voltage / high-voltage electrical appliance or the high-voltage system, and transmit the current to the overcurrent protection circuit and the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit;

[0051] The overcurrent protection circuit is configured to judge whether the monitored current exceeds a preset current threshold, and when the monitored current exceeds the preset current threshold, send a turn-off signal to the switch control circuit and a fault signal to the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit;

[0052] The switch control circuit is configured to control the output current, and realize a current turn-off mechanism of hardware and software based on the turn-off signal and the circuit structure.

[0053] The following takes the low-voltage fuse module as an example to describe the specific structure of the fuse module.

[0054] As shown in the figure, Figure 3 The low-voltage fuse module includes an enable control circuit 201, a current collection circuit 202, an overcurrent protection circuit 203, and a switch control circuit 204; the enable control circuit 201, the current collection circuit 202, and the switch control circuit 204 are all connected with the overcurrent protection circuit 203, and the enable control circuit 201 is also connected with the switch control circuit 204.

[0055] In order to enable the system to quickly recover after overcurrent protection, as a preferred embodiment, the low-voltage fuse module and the high-voltage fuse module further include a reset circuit; one end of the reset circuit is connected with the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit, and the other end is connected with the switch control circuit;

[0056] The reset circuit is used to send an opening signal from the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit to the switch control circuit after overcurrent protection is triggered, so as to enable the low-voltage / high-voltage fuse module to return to a normal working state. When a fuse blowing risk occurs in a certain channel, it is not necessary to disassemble the physical fuse, but only to reset the relevant fuse module, thereby reducing the maintenance cost. At the same time, through bus communication, the current information of each loop can be uploaded to the vehicle control system in real time, thereby facilitating vehicle energy management and fault analysis.

[0057] As shown in the figure, Figure 4 As shown in the figure, Figure 4 The structure diagram of the low-voltage fuse module including the reset circuit is shown. It mainly includes input (IN), output (OUT), enable switch (ON / OFF, enable / disable), current collection (CURRENT), reset switch (RESET), fault state feedback (FAULT), and GND. The enable switch is responsible for whether the module is enabled, and is usually configured at the front end of the load and controlled according to the vehicle configuration or the configuration of the upper computer; the current collection is used to collect the current and is managed and distributed by other nodes of the vehicle; the reset switch is used for manual or remote reset when a fault occurs, thereby facilitating maintenance and repair; the fault state feedback can provide fault information for the diagnostic instrument or the vehicle machine, thereby being used for warning or troubleshooting.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, the overcurrent protection circuit includes a signal amplification circuit, a reference voltage circuit, and a comparison circuit; the input end of the signal amplification circuit is connected with the output end of the current collection circuit, the output end of the signal amplification circuit and the output end of the reference voltage circuit are connected with the input end of the comparison circuit; the output end of the comparison circuit and the input end of the reference voltage circuit are both connected with the switch control circuit and the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit.

[0059] As a specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The detailed structure diagram of the low-voltage fuse module is shown. As shown in Figure 5 , the current signal of the output end (OUT) is collected, the corresponding voltage signal is output by the signal amplifier U1, and the voltage signal is amplified, so as to facilitate the signal collection of the central control unit. The output signal of the signal amplifier U1 is input to the input end of the comparator U2, and the other end of the comparator U2 is the reference voltage output by the reference voltage chip U3. The reference voltage is determined according to the current threshold value of the input end (IN), and different reference voltages can provide different overcurrent protection thresholds. The switch control circuit realizes the switch control of the loop through the MOS tube Y1 or other transistors. The comparator U2 compares and calculates according to the reference voltage and the actual voltage, judges whether the current is over-standard, and realizes the rapid shutdown from the hardware when the current is over-standard, and the time is in the order of microseconds. Through the op-amp circuit mode, the current is collected, and at the same time, the hardware is shut down after the over-standard current is compared by the op-amp comparator. Real-time monitoring and fault management are realized, and accurate monitoring and rapid disconnection of each loop are realized.

[0060] It should be noted that, in the low-voltage fuse module, the switching device of the switch control circuit is a MOS tube or a transistor. In the high-voltage fuse module, the switching device of the switch control circuit is one of IGBT, MOSFET or silicon carbide. Through the current sensor and the high side or MOS, IGBT, silicon carbide or other types of transistor switch. That is, in the high-voltage fuse module, Figure 5 , the MOS tube Y1 is one of IGBT, MOSFET or silicon carbide, and the other structures remain unchanged.

[0061] As can be seen from the above description of each embodiment, the automobile electrical power management module provided by the utility model not only maintains the function of the traditional fuse box, but also introduces the MCU and the modular design idea, greatly improves the fault diagnosis, energy distribution management and remote maintenance capability, and is not only suitable for traditional fuel vehicles, but also can be applied to the current rapidly developing new energy vehicle field, so as to realize more efficient energy utilization and more convenient fault processing while ensuring the safety and reliability of the vehicle.

[0062] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to this. Any skilled person in the technical field can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the utility model, which should be covered in the utility model.

Claims

1. An automotive intelligent electric appliance power management device, characterized by, The device comprises a central control unit and at least one low-voltage fuse module or high-voltage fuse module. The low-voltage fuse module and the high-voltage fuse module are both in a module splicing connection structure; the central control unit is connected with each low-voltage fuse module; when the electrical appliance power management device has a high-voltage fuse module, it further comprises a high-voltage chip control unit and an internal communication unit; the high-voltage chip control unit is connected with the central control unit, the internal communication unit and each high-voltage fuse module. The low-voltage fuse module and the high-voltage fuse module both comprise an enable control circuit, a current collection circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit and a switch control circuit connected with the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit; the enable control circuit, the current collection circuit and the switch control circuit are all connected with the overcurrent protection circuit, and the enable control circuit is further connected with the switch control circuit.

2. The power management device for intelligent electric appliances of an automobile according to claim 1, characterized by, The overcurrent protection circuit comprises a signal amplification circuit, a reference voltage circuit and a comparison circuit; the input end of the signal amplification circuit is connected with the output end of the current collection circuit, the output end of the signal amplification circuit and the output end of the reference voltage circuit are connected with the input end of the comparison circuit; the output end of the comparison circuit and the input end of the reference voltage circuit are both connected with the switch control circuit and the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit.

3. The power management device for intelligent electric appliances of an automobile according to claim 2, characterized in that, The signal amplification circuit is used for signal amplification of the current collected at present, and the voltage output is convenient for voltage collection of the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit. The reference voltage circuit is used for setting a preset current threshold of overcurrent protection according to a control instruction of the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit, and providing a reference voltage for the comparison circuit according to the preset current threshold. The comparison circuit is used for comparing the reference voltage and the voltage output by the signal amplification circuit, judging whether overcurrent occurs according to the comparison result, outputting a fault signal when overcurrent occurs, and sending a shutdown instruction to the switch control circuit. In the low-voltage fuse module, the switching device of the switch control circuit is a MOS tube or a transistor.

4. The power management device for intelligent electric appliances of an automobile according to claim 3, characterized by, In the high-voltage fuse module, the switching device of the switch control circuit is one of an IGBT, a MOSFET or silicon carbide.

5. The power management device for intelligent electric appliances of an automobile according to claim 3, characterized in that, The low-voltage fuse module and the high-voltage fuse module further comprise a reset circuit; one end of the reset circuit is connected with the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit, and the other end is connected with the switch control circuit.

6. The intelligent power management device for automotive electrical appliances according to claim 1, wherein, The reset circuit is used for automatic or manual reset after overcurrent protection is triggered, and sends an opening signal to the switch control circuit according to the central control unit / high-voltage chip control unit, so that the low-voltage / high-voltage fuse module returns to a normal working state. The device further comprises an external communication unit with a CAN or LIN interface.

7. The power management device for intelligent electric appliances of an automobile according to claim 1, characterized by, The external communication unit is used for reporting battery voltage, total current and current consumption and fault information of each module to a vehicle control system through a CAN or LIN bus, so as to facilitate analysis and fault positioning of the vehicle control system or a diagnostic device. The central control unit further comprises a configuration management module.

8. The automotive intelligent electric appliance power management device of claim 7, wherein, The chip control unit further comprises a configuration management module, which is used for configuring a maximum current limit and an action delay of each fuse module according to different vehicle models, different numbers of electrical appliances and electrical appliance priorities. ​

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