Cell-level point-to-point fire extinguishing system in lithium battery PACK

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric core level point-to-point fire extinguishing system in a lithium battery PACK, and relates to the technical field of lithium battery energy storage equipment. One side of the frame is provided with a PACK cavity, the PACK cavity is provided with a plurality of lithium batteries PACK through partition plates, the other side of the frame is provided with a control cavity, a fire control system is arranged in the control cavity, the lithium batteries PACK are provided with fire pipelines connected with the fire control system, the lithium batteries PACK are provided with a three-way connector, a pressure sensor and a prefabricated fire detection pipe, the three-way connector is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the pressure sensor is connected with the prefabricated fire detection pipe. The pressure sensor is connected with the three-way connector, one end of the three-way connector is connected with the prefabricated fire detection pipe, and the other two ends of the three-way connector are connected with the fire fighting pipeline. By arranging the prefabricated fire detection tube and the pressure sensor above the explosion venting port of the battery core, when thermal runaway occurs, the fire detection tube bursts or fuses, a fire extinguishing agent in the tube is intensively released at the crack, point-to-point fire extinguishing is realized, secondary fire extinguishing can be performed through the fire control system, and the battery is prevented from being burnt again, so that the use safety of the battery is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a cell-level point-to-point fire extinguishing system in a lithium battery PACK, and belongs to the field of lithium battery energy storage equipment technology. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, lithium-ion battery packs used in the electrochemical energy storage field are generally divided into air-cooled and liquid-cooled types. Liquid-cooled packs, with their typical IP67 protection rating, usually employ a fire extinguishing method involving a composite detector installed inside the front panel of the pack. This detector monitors the temperature, combustible gases, and organic matter within the pack, transmitting the collected information to a fire control panel via communication to determine if thermal runaway has occurred. If thermal runaway is detected, a solenoid valve installed on the fire extinguishing agent cylinder is activated, discharging the extinguishing agent through pre-installed piping and nozzles on the front panel of the pack into the pack to extinguish the fire.

[0003] However, firstly, existing composite detectors are primarily passive detection types, typically installed inside the PACK panel. For cells located at the rear of the PACK that experience thermal runaway, the released gases are unlikely to diffuse to the front end within an IP67-protected environment and be detected by the sensor, thus hindering the timely transmission of information about cell failure to the controller. Secondly, composite detectors also suffer from delayed temperature detection within the PACK. The temperature sensor installed within the composite sensor is generally unable to detect the actual temperature of the cell. By the time thermal runaway occurs and the temperature inside the PACK reaches a level that the composite detector's internal temperature sensor can detect, the battery cell is already on fire, making it too late to activate fire suppression measures. Secondly, active detection... Due to space constraints within the battery pack, the air inlet and outlet of a composite detector are often located in the same position, which can easily cause airflow short-circuiting. This can lead to an inability to accurately detect gases released within the pack, or insufficient sensitivity to reflect the actual situation. In IP67-rated packs, the fire extinguishing agent nozzles mounted on the front panel have difficulty effectively spraying the extinguishing agent to the rear battery cells due to internal pressure issues. This is especially true for long 104S packs, where it's even more difficult to spray the agent to the rear for effective fire extinguishing. Furthermore, the gas sensors in composite detectors are typically electrochemical sensors with a lifespan of only 2-3 years and require calibration every six months. Over the 10-year lifespan of energy storage products, the calibration and replacement costs are very high. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the deficiencies or shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a cell-level point-to-point fire suppression system for lithium battery packs. This system involves installing prefabricated fire detection tubes and pressure sensors above the cell's explosion vent. When a cell experiences thermal runaway and its explosion vent ruptures, the fire detection tube at that location ruptures or melts, causing all the extinguishing agents within the tubes to be released at the rupture point. This provides point-to-point fire suppression and cooling. Furthermore, a fire control system is included for secondary fire suppression to prevent battery reignition, thereby effectively improving battery safety.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: It includes a frame 1, one side of which is a PACK cavity, and a plurality of lithium battery PACKs 2 are arranged in the PACK cavity through a partition plate. The other side of the frame 1 is a control cavity, and a fire control system 3 is arranged in the control cavity. A fire pipe 4 is arranged on the lithium battery PACK 2 and connected to the fire control system 3. A three-way connector 5, a pressure sensor 6, and a prefabricated fire detection pipe 7 are arranged on the lithium battery PACK 2. The three-way connector 5 is equipped with a solenoid valve. The pressure sensor 6 is connected to the three-way connector 5. One end of the three-way connector 5 is connected to the prefabricated fire detection pipe 7, and the other two ends are connected to the fire pipe 4.

[0006] Furthermore, the lithium battery PACK2 includes a mounting frame 21, a panel 22, and lithium batteries 23. A plurality of lithium batteries 23 are disposed on the mounting frame 21, and the panel 22 is disposed at the front end of the mounting frame 21. The panel 22 is provided with an electrical connection port for electrical connection with the lithium batteries 23.

[0007] Furthermore, the three-way connector 5 is installed on the panel 22, with its port extending to the back of the panel 22 and connecting to the prefabricated fire detection tube 7.

[0008] Furthermore, the lithium battery 23 is provided with a fixing buckle 8, which is connected to the prefabricated fire detection tube 7.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixing buckle 8 includes a fixing base plate 81 and a fixing ring 82. The fixing base plate 81 is fixed to the lithium battery 23, and the fixing ring 82 is disposed on the top of the fixing base plate 81 and connected to the prefabricated fire detection tube 7.

[0010] Furthermore, one end of the prefabricated fire detection tube 7 is a connecting end 71, and the other end is a sealing end 72. The connecting end 71 is connected to the tee connector 5, and the sealing end 72 is provided with a plug 73.

[0011] Furthermore, the prefabricated fire detection tube 7 is pressurized and filled with fire extinguishing agent.

[0012] Furthermore, the prefabricated fire detection tube 7 is positioned above the cell explosion relief valve port of the lithium battery 23.

[0013] Furthermore, the fire control system 3 is equipped with fire extinguishing gas cylinders, which are connected to the fire pipeline via solenoid valves.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure sensor 6 is equipped with a pressure display gauge and a passive dry contact, which is electrically connected to the fire control system 3.

[0015] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: by setting a prefabricated fire detection tube and pressure sensor above the explosion vent of the battery cell, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway and the explosion vent bursts, the fire detection tube at this location bursts or melts, and all the extinguishing agents in the fire detection tubes will be released in a concentrated manner at this crack, providing point-to-point fire extinguishing and cooling. In addition, a fire control system is also set up, which can perform secondary fire extinguishing to prevent the battery from reigniting, thereby effectively improving the safety of battery use. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lithium battery PACK2 in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The second angle view;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prefabricated fire detection tube 7 in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing buckle 8 in this utility model.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: Frame 1, Lithium battery PACK 2, Fire control system 3, Fire pipeline 4, T-connector 5, Pressure sensor 6, Prefabricated fire detection tube 7, Fixing buckle 8, Mounting bracket 21, Panel 22, Lithium battery 23, Connecting end 71, Sealing end 72, Fixing base plate 81, Fixing ring 8. Detailed Implementation

[0023] See Figures 1-5As shown, the technical solution adopted in this specific embodiment is as follows: It includes a frame 1, one side of which is a PACK cavity, and several lithium battery PACKs 2 are installed in the PACK cavity through a partition plate. The other side of the frame 1 is a control cavity, and a fire control system 3 is installed in the control cavity. Fire pipes 4 are installed on the lithium battery PACKs 2 and connected to the fire control system 3. The lithium battery PACKs 2 are equipped with a T-connector 5, a pressure sensor 6, and a prefabricated fire detection tube 7. The T-connector 5 is equipped with a solenoid valve. The pressure sensor 6 is connected to the T-connector 5. One end of the T-connector 5 is connected to the prefabricated fire detection tube 7, and the other two ends are connected to the fire pipes. In this embodiment, each lithium battery PACK2 is equipped with a three-way connector with a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor 6 is equipped with a pressure display and a passive dry contact. The passive dry contact is electrically connected to the fire control system 3. The pressure display can clearly show the specific pressure in the lithium battery PACK. When thermal runaway occurs, the prefabricated fire detection tube bursts to extinguish the fire, the pressure drops, the passive dry contact is connected, and the pressure sensor feeds the information back to the fire control system. The fire control system then sprays extinguishing gas to the fault location for secondary fire extinguishing, thereby effectively preventing reignition.

[0024] Specifically, each lithium battery pack is equipped with prefabricated fire detection tubes arranged in a ring. When the prefabricated fire detection tubes are exposed to fire, they will burst. At the same time, the prefabricated fire detection tubes are pressurized and filled with fire extinguishing agent. When the prefabricated fire detection tube bursts, the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed out from the tube under pressure to cover the fire and extinguish it simultaneously with the bursting of the prefabricated fire detection tube. The response is sensitive and the fire extinguishing is rapid. Combined with the secondary fire extinguishing of the fire control system, it can prevent the occurrence of reignition, thereby effectively improving safety. Since pressure sensors are installed on each lithium battery pack, faulty equipment can be detected in time after a failure and effectively dealt with, which improves the maintenance convenience for operators.

[0025] The fire control system 3 is equipped with fire extinguishing gas cylinders. The fire extinguishing gas cylinders are connected to the fire pipelines via solenoid valves. The top tee connector is connected to only one section of the fire pipeline, while the other tee connectors are connected to the fire pipelines at both ends. The fire pipelines at the ends are connected to the fire extinguishing gas cylinders in the fire control system via solenoid valves. Since the lithium battery pack has a built-in battery BMS temperature detection device, combined with the passive dry contact signal feedback on the pressure sensor, the fire control system can determine its specific location and thus simultaneously open the pressure sensor and the solenoid valve on the fire extinguishing gas cylinder for secondary fire extinguishing.

[0026] More specifically, the lithium battery PACK2 includes a mounting bracket 21, a panel 22, and lithium batteries 23. Several lithium batteries 23 are mounted on the mounting bracket 21, and the panel 22 is located at the front end of the mounting bracket 21. The panel 22 is provided with an electrical connection port that is electrically connected to the lithium batteries 23. The tee connector 5 is mounted on the panel 22, and the port extends to the back of the panel 22 to connect with the prefabricated fire detection tube 7. The main body of the tee connector is fixed to the front end of the panel, so that the display on the pressure sensor can clearly display the pressure value. One end of the tee connector extends to the back of the panel and then connects to the prefabricated fire detection tube.

[0027] More specifically, the lithium battery 23 is provided with a fixing buckle 8, which is connected to the prefabricated fire detection tube 7. The fixing buckle 8 includes a fixing base plate 81 and a fixing ring 82. The fixing base plate 81 is fixed to the lithium battery 23, and the fixing ring 82 is located on the top of the fixing base plate 81 and connected to the prefabricated fire detection tube 7. In this embodiment, one method of fixing the prefabricated fire detection tube is shown. The prefabricated fire detection tube can be fixed together with the CCS wiring harness of the lithium battery on the fixing ring. In another embodiment, a strap can be used for fixing.

[0028] More specifically, the prefabricated fire detection tube 7 has a connecting end 71 at one end and a sealing end 72 at the other end. The connecting end 71 is connected to the tee connector 5, and the sealing end 72 is provided with a plug 73. When the prefabricated fire detection tube is not installed and used, both ends can be used as connecting ends or sealing ends. When one end is connected to the tee connector, the other end is sealed with a plug. The plug must be firmly connected and cannot fall off under pressure. It can only be removed with tools.

[0029] More specifically, the prefabricated fire detection tube 7 is installed above the cell explosion relief valve port of the lithium battery 23. Under normal circumstances, cell-level fires usually occur through the explosion relief valve port to relieve internal pressure. Therefore, placing the prefabricated fire detection tube above the explosion relief valve port can ignite and explode immediately, thereby extinguishing the fire in a timely manner and improving safety.

[0030] More specifically, the pressure sensor 6 is equipped with a pressure display and a passive dry contact. The passive dry contact is electrically connected to the fire control system 3. The pressure display inside the pressure sensor allows for convenient monitoring of the extinguishing agent pressure value of each lithium battery pack during maintenance, ensuring that the extinguishing agent pressure value is normal. At the same time, the passive dry contact serves as a triggering mechanism for the fire extinguishing signal, which not only ensures high safety but also provides accurate and rapid signal triggering.

[0031] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: When the equipment is running normally, the passive dry contact in the pressure sensor 6 is in an unconnected state, and the air pressure in the prefabricated fire detection tube 7 is detected and displayed through the three-way connector 5. When thermal runaway occurs in the lithium battery PACK2, specifically in one of the lithium batteries 23, the prefabricated fire detection tube 7 above that lithium battery 23 bursts. Since the prefabricated fire detection tube 7 is pressurized and filled with fire extinguishing agent, when one section of the prefabricated fire detection tube 7 bursts, the fire extinguishing agent in the same prefabricated fire detection tube 7 is sprayed out onto the lithium battery 23 at the burst location. 3. Fire extinguishing begins; this is the first stage of fire extinguishing. Simultaneously, the pressure sensor 6 at the lithium battery PACK2 detects a pressure drop, the passive dry contact is activated, and the information is fed back to the fire control system 3. The fire control system 3 controls the solenoid valve on the fire extinguishing gas cylinder and the solenoid valve on the three-way connector 5 on the faulty lithium battery PACK2 to open. The fire extinguishing gas enters the prefabricated fire detection tube 7 of the lithium battery PACK2 through the three-way connector 5 to extinguish the rupture point in the second stage. This secondary fire extinguishing effectively prevents reignition and improves the safety of equipment operation.

[0032] The above description is only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and is not intended to limit it. Any other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of this utility model, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A cell-level point-to-point fire suppression system for a lithium battery pack, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: One side of the frame (1) is a PACK cavity, which is equipped with several lithium battery PACKs (2) through a partition plate. The other side of the frame (1) is a control cavity, which is equipped with a fire control system (3). The lithium battery PACK (2) is equipped with a fire pipeline (4) connected to the fire control system (3). The lithium battery PACK (2) is equipped with a three-way connector (5), a pressure sensor (6), and a prefabricated fire detection pipe (7). The three-way connector (5) is equipped with a solenoid valve. The pressure sensor (6) is connected to the three-way connector (5). One end of the three-way connector (5) is connected to the prefabricated fire detection pipe (7), and the other two ends are connected to the fire pipeline (4).

2. The cell-level point-to-point fire suppression system in a lithium battery PACK according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium battery PACK (2) includes a mounting frame (21), a panel (22), and lithium batteries (23). Several lithium batteries (23) are mounted on the mounting frame (21), and the panel (22) is located at the front end of the mounting frame (21). The panel (22) is provided with an electrical connection port that is electrically connected to the lithium batteries (23).

3. The cell-level point-to-point fire suppression system in a lithium battery PACK according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-way connector (5) is installed on the panel (22), and the port extends to the back of the panel (22) to connect with the prefabricated fire detection tube (7).

4. A cell-level point-to-point fire suppression system in a lithium battery PACK according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lithium battery (23) is provided with a fixing buckle (8), which is connected to the prefabricated fire detection tube (7).

5. A cell-level point-to-point fire suppression system in a lithium battery PACK according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing buckle (8) includes a fixing base plate (81) and a fixing ring (82). The fixing base plate (81) is fixed on the lithium battery (23), and the fixing ring (82) is set on the top of the fixing base plate (81) and connected to the prefabricated fire detection tube (7).

6. A cell-level point-to-point fire suppression system in a lithium battery PACK according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated fire detection tube (7) has a connecting end (71) at one end and a sealing end (72) at the other end. The connecting end (71) is connected to the tee connector (5), and the sealing end (72) is provided with a plug (73).

7. A cell-level point-to-point fire suppression system in a lithium battery PACK according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated fire detection tube (7) is pressurized and filled with fire extinguishing agent.

8. A cell-level point-to-point fire suppression system in a lithium battery PACK according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated fire detection tube (7) is positioned above the cell explosion relief valve of the lithium battery (23).

9. A cell-level point-to-point fire suppression system in a lithium battery PACK according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire control system (3) is equipped with fire extinguishing gas cylinders, which are connected to the fire pipeline via solenoid valves.

10. A cell-level point-to-point fire suppression system in a lithium battery PACK according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensor (6) is equipped with a pressure display and a passive dry contact, which is electrically connected to the fire control system (3).

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