Tangential polarization single crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal material

Abstract

The utility model provides a tangential polarization single crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal material, which comprises a hydrophone body, a cable arranged at the upper end of the hydrophone body, a cable end metal structural member arranged at the end part of the cable, the cable end metal structural member arranged in the hydrophone body, the hydrophone body comprises an acoustic transmission watertight layer, a cavity is arranged in the acoustic transmission watertight layer, and the acoustic transmission watertight layer is provided with a cavity. A supporting column is arranged in the cavity and sleeved with an upper inlaid piezoelectric single crystal ring and a lower inlaid piezoelectric single crystal ring, a supporting ring is arranged between the upper inlaid piezoelectric single crystal ring and the lower inlaid piezoelectric single crystal ring, an upper end cover is arranged at the upper end of the upper inlaid piezoelectric single crystal ring in a sealed mode, a lower end cover is arranged at the lower end of the lower inlaid piezoelectric single crystal ring in a sealed mode, and a flexible connecting block is arranged above the upper end cover. And the cable end metal structural member and the spliced piezoelectric single crystal ring are connected through a flexible connecting block. The structure can give full play to the acoustic performance of the PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal material, so that the size of the hydrophone is reduced, the weight is reduced, and the sensitivity is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of underwater acoustic sensor technology, and in particular to a tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal material. Background Technology

[0002] Current hydrophones mostly use PZT piezoelectric ceramic materials, which, while stable, have limited sensitivity and bandwidth. PIN-PMN-PT single-crystal materials, due to their high-voltage electrical properties and excellent broadband characteristics, have become an ideal choice for next-generation high-performance hydrophones. However, how to utilize these properties to design high-sensitivity hydrophones remains a technical challenge. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is: in order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model provides a tangentially polarized single crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal material. By adopting the tangential polarization method, the piezoelectric properties of the single crystal material are fully utilized. Through optimized design, the hydrophone has small size and high sensitivity characteristics, thereby improving the underwater acoustic signal detection capability.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: a tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal material, including a hydrophone body, a cable for outputting signals at the upper end of the hydrophone body, a cable end metal structure at the end of the cable, the cable end metal structure being disposed within the hydrophone body, the hydrophone body including a sound-transparent watertight layer, a cavity inside the cavity, a support column within the cavity, two inlaid piezoelectric single-crystal rings fitted on the support column, and a support ring between the two inlaid piezoelectric single-crystal rings, i.e., inlaid... The piezoelectric single crystal ring, the support ring, and the inlaid piezoelectric single crystal ring are sequentially arranged on the support column. The upper end of the inlaid piezoelectric single crystal ring is sealed with an upper end cap, and the lower end of the inlaid piezoelectric single crystal ring is sealed with a lower end cap. The upper end cap, the lower end cap, the support column, and the support ring together form a support structure to fix and support the two inlaid piezoelectric single crystal rings. A flexible connecting block is provided above the upper end cap. The cable end metal structure and the inlaid piezoelectric single crystal ring are connected through the flexible connecting block. The cable end metal structure has a central hole, and the signal line on the flexible connecting block passes through the central hole to connect to the watertight cable.

[0005] Furthermore, the inlaid piezoelectric single-crystal ring includes PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal modules and electrodes. Multiple PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal modules are arranged circumferentially in a ring. An electrode is positioned between adjacent PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal modules, and the positions of the electrodes alternate sequentially, one electrode on top, the next on the bottom, and so on. The PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal modules have predetermined specifications, and the inlaid piezoelectric single-crystal ring includes multiple PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal modules of the same specifications. The electrodes are metal electrodes, preferably made of copper. The electrodes are connected to a watertight cable via signal lines to achieve signal transmission. The hydrophone uses PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal material as the core sensitive element, which has a low operating frequency, small size and weight, and a volume approximately half that of piezoelectric ceramics with equivalent specifications.

[0006] Furthermore, the cross-section of the PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal module is fan-shaped.

[0007] Furthermore, adjacent PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal modules are bonded together with epoxy resin.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer layer of the PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal module is covered with a stress layer, which is made of metal or glass fiber filaments.

[0009] Furthermore, the support ring can be a single ring or multiple rings stacked together. The support ring is a decoupling support non-metallic structural component, which serves to fix the inlaid piezoelectric single crystal rings on one hand, and at the same time allows for structural design optimization to improve the acoustic performance of the hydrophone. It can be a single ring or multiple rings stacked together.

[0010] Furthermore, the tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone is cylindrical, spherical-headed cylindrical, spindle-shaped, conical, or cuboid in shape.

[0011] Furthermore, the sound-permeable watertight layer is integrally injection molded using polyurethane, epoxy resin, or sound-permeable rubber.

[0012] Furthermore, for ease of installation and use, the cable end metal structure is provided with external threads, and the inner wall of the sound-permeable watertight layer is provided with internal threads, and the cable end metal structure is threadedly connected to the sound-permeable watertight layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone has stable sensitivity in the 10Hz to 10kHz frequency band.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This utility model provides a tangentially polarized single crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal material. This structure can give full play to the acoustic performance of PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal material, thereby reducing the size and weight of the hydrophone and improving its sensitivity. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a piezoelectric single crystal ring structure.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Hydrophone body, 11. Cable end metal structure, 12. Sound-permeable watertight layer, 13. Flexible connecting block, 14. Top cover, 15. Inlaid piezoelectric single crystal ring, 151. PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal module, 152. Electrode, 16. Support ring, 17. Support column, 18. Bottom cover, 2. Cable. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention. Therefore, they only show the components, orientations, and references (e.g., up, down, left, right, etc.) relevant to the present invention and are intended only to aid in the description of the features in the drawings. Therefore, the following specific embodiments are not intended to be restrictive, and the scope of the claimed subject matter is defined solely by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0022] like Figures 1-3As shown, this utility model discloses a tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal material, which can be cylindrical, spherical-headed cylindrical, spindle-shaped, conical, or cuboid in shape. In this embodiment, a spherical-headed cylindrical shape is preferred. The structure of this tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone includes a hydrophone body 1, with a cable 2 for outputting signals at the upper end of the hydrophone body 1. A cable end metal structure 11 is provided at the end of the cable 2, which is disposed within the hydrophone body 1. The cable end metal structure 11 has external threads, and the inner wall of the sound-permeable watertight layer 12 has internal threads. The cable end metal structure 11 is threadedly connected to the sound-permeable watertight layer 12. The material of the cable end metal structure 11 is aluminum alloy, stainless steel, titanium alloy, or PEEK, preferably stainless steel. The hydrophone body 1 includes a sound-permeable watertight layer 12, which is integrally molded using polyurethane, epoxy resin, or sound-permeable rubber. In this embodiment, polyurethane is preferred. The acoustically permeable and watertight layer 12 has a cavity inside, and a support column 17 is provided inside the cavity. Two inlaid piezoelectric single crystal rings 15 are sleeved on the support column 17. A support ring 16 is provided between the two inlaid piezoelectric single crystal rings 15. The support ring 16 is a single ring or multiple rings stacked together. The piezoelectric single-crystal ring 15, the support ring 16, and the piezoelectric single-crystal ring 15 are sequentially arranged on the support column 17. The upper end of the upper piezoelectric single-crystal ring 15 is sealed with an upper end cap 14, and the lower end of the lower piezoelectric single-crystal ring 15 is sealed with a lower end cap 18. The upper end cap 14, the lower end cap 18, the support column 17, and the support ring 16 together form a support structure to fix and support the two piezoelectric single-crystal rings 15. A flexible connecting block 13 is provided above the upper end cap 14. The cable end metal structure 11 and the piezoelectric single-crystal ring 15 are connected by the flexible connecting block 13. The cable end metal structure 11 has a central hole, and the signal line on the flexible connecting block 13 passes through the central hole to connect to the watertight cable 2. The tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone has stable sensitivity in the 10Hz to 10kHz frequency band.

[0023] like Figure 4As shown, the inlaid piezoelectric single crystal ring 15 includes PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal modules 151 and electrodes 152. Multiple PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal modules 151 are arranged circumferentially in a ring. An electrode 152 is provided between adjacent PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal modules 151, and the positions of the electrodes 152 alternate vertically. That is, one electrode 152 is placed on top, the next electrode 152 is placed below, and the next one is placed on top again, alternating sequentially. The electrodes 152 are metal electrodes, preferably made of copper. The cross-section of the PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal module 151 is fan-shaped. Adjacent PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal modules 151 are bonded together with epoxy resin. The outer layer of the PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal module 151 is covered with a stress layer, which is made of metal or glass fiber.

[0024] This hydrophone uses PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal material as its core sensing element. Its tangentially polarized, ring-shaped arrangement gives it excellent acoustic performance within the 10Hz-10kHz operating frequency band. Specifically, the ring 15 consists of PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal modules 151 and metal electrodes 152 arranged in an array around each other. The PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal modules 151 are bonded together with epoxy resin. An outer stress layer composed of metal or glass fiber filaments is applied and impregnated with epoxy resin under appropriate tension. After the epoxy resin cures at a suitable temperature, the PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal modules 151 are tangentially bonded together in pairs along the circumference under the action of the stress layer.

[0025] Experiments have shown that this hydrophone has stable sensitivity in the 10Hz to 10kHz frequency band, and its applicable frequency is reduced. Its receiving sensitivity is significantly better than that of traditional PZT hydrophones of the same size.

[0026] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of this utility model, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal material, characterized in that: The device includes a hydrophone body, with a cable for outputting signals at the upper end. A cable end metal structure is located at the end of the cable and is housed within the hydrophone body. The hydrophone body includes a sound-permeable watertight layer with an internal cavity. A support column is located within the cavity, and two inlaid piezoelectric single-crystal rings are fitted onto the support column. A support ring is located between the two inlaid piezoelectric single-crystal rings. An upper end cap is sealed at the upper end of the upper inlaid piezoelectric single-crystal ring, and a lower end cap is sealed at the lower end of the lower inlaid piezoelectric single-crystal ring. A flexible connecting block is located above the upper end cap. The cable end metal structure and the inlaid piezoelectric single-crystal rings are connected via the flexible connecting block.

2. The tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal material as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inlaid piezoelectric single crystal ring includes PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal modules and electrodes. There are multiple PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal modules, which are arranged in a circular ring around the periphery. An electrode is provided between adjacent PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal modules, and the positions of the electrodes are alternately arranged vertically.

3. The tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal material as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-section of the PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal module is fan-shaped.

4. The tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal material as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The adjacent PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal modules are bonded together with epoxy resin.

5. The tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal material as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The outer layer of the PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal module is covered with a stress layer, which is made of metal or glass fiber.

6. The tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal material as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The support ring can be a single ring or multiple rings stacked together.

7. The tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal material as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone is cylindrical, spherical-headed cylindrical, spindle-shaped, conical, or cuboid in shape.

8. The tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal material as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sound-permeable watertight layer is integrally injection molded using polyurethane, epoxy resin, or sound-permeable rubber.

9. The tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal material as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cable end metal structure is provided with external threads, and the inner wall of the sound-permeable watertight layer is provided with internal threads. The cable end metal structure is threadedly connected to the sound-permeable watertight layer.

10. The tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone based on PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single-crystal material as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tangentially polarized single-crystal hydrophone has stable sensitivity in the 10Hz to 10kHz frequency band.

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