Portable ice period river measuring radar

Abstract

The utility model discloses a portable ice period river measuring radar which comprises a control box, a U-shaped limiting cross rod is installed on the back face of the control box, a saddle clamp is installed at the center of the U-shaped limiting cross rod through a fixing bolt, an adjustable telescopic rod is installed on the inner side of the saddle clamp, and a foldable tripod is installed at the bottom end of the adjustable telescopic rod. The top end of the adjustable telescopic rod is provided with a rotary connecting disc, the center of the top end of the rotary connecting disc is fixedly provided with a square sleeve, and the top end of the square sleeve is provided with an antenna support. The portable ice period river measuring radar works in a UHF frequency band, adopts an all-digital dual-channel transceiving structure, is equipped with a high-performance signal processing unit, realizes radar signal processing of different receiving channels in the ice period, strictly controls the working time of the dual channels through a high-precision clock module, and is high in reliability. And carrying out total correlation processing on signal processing results obtained by the two channels to realize measurement of ice period river characteristics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field, and in particular to a portable radar for measuring rivers during the Ice Age. Background Technology

[0002] Most rivers north of 30°N latitude in my country experience ice floes and freezing conditions, severely impacting flow measurements at hydrological stations in northern rivers during winter. Currently, the main methods for measuring flow under ice are the current meter method and the acoustic Doppler method. Both methods require drilling holes in the ice and removing ice fragments and ice flowers before flow measurement can be performed, resulting in a large workload, difficult operation, and high time and labor costs. Furthermore, measuring sub-ice flow velocity is affected by various factors, including ice thickness, sub-ice water level, river cross-section, sub-ice flow velocity, sub-ice surface air pressure, and ice type (surface ice, needle ice, anchor ice). Flow rates vary rapidly with different meteorological conditions, necessitating multiple measurements of sub-ice flow velocity under varying weather conditions to accurately grasp relevant information about the sub-ice river, making this a challenging task. The traditional velocity-area method, which monitors flow velocity and water level at points during the ice age through contact, and then calculates a portion of the flow by combining water level and river cross-section conditions, and finally sums them up to obtain the cross-sectional flow, is inefficient. Furthermore, it suffers from problems such as the susceptibility of contact monitoring equipment to damage during the ice-covered period, and the high workload and risk of manual observation during the stable ice-covered period. This method cannot meet the high-quality development requirements of hydrological monitoring, which demand "full coverage, all-weather, full-process, full-range, and fully automated" operation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to research new monitoring technologies and complete sets of equipment to lay the foundation for modern hydrological flow monitoring. To this end, we propose a portable river measurement radar for the ice age. Utility Model Content

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a portable glacial river measurement radar. It adopts the radar approach to conduct in-depth research on the relevant theories of electromagnetic wave propagation in the ice medium. The portable glacial river measurement radar operates in the UHF band, adopts a fully digital dual-channel transceiver structure, and is equipped with a high-performance signal processing unit to realize radar signal processing of different receiving channels during the glacial period. The working time of the dual channels is strictly controlled by a high-precision clock module, and the signal processing results obtained from the dual channels are subjected to full correlation processing to realize the measurement of the characteristics of the glacial river.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a portable glacial river measurement radar, including a control box, a U-shaped limiting crossbar installed on the back of the control box, a saddle clamp installed at the center of the U-shaped limiting crossbar by a fixing bolt, an adjustable telescopic rod installed inside the saddle clamp, a foldable tripod installed at the bottom end of the adjustable telescopic rod, a rotating connecting plate installed at the top end of the adjustable telescopic rod, a square sleeve fixed at the center of the top end of the rotating connecting plate, an antenna bracket installed at the top end of the square sleeve, and the antenna bracket consisting of a quadrangular prism, a long supporting crossbar, and a short support. The system consists of crossbars. The long and short crossbars are mounted on one side of a quadrangular prism by corner brackets. The other ends of the long and short crossbars are fixed with U-shaped connectors. Antenna bodies are mounted on one side of the top of each of the two U-shaped connectors. The control box contains an ice age river radar display and control unit, a clock synchronization unit, a frequency control unit, a DDS unit, a DUC unit, a DA unit, a power amplifier, a low-noise amplifier, a bandpass filter, an AD unit, a DDC unit, an FIR unit, a high-performance signal processing platform, and a high-performance data processing platform.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the glacial river radar display and control unit is constructed by installing the glacial river measurement radar display and control software on the control computer, configuring the corresponding network information according to the parameter requirements, and then connecting it to the device via a network cable. The antenna body is a transceiver antenna, which is a planar microstrip antenna.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the clock synchronization unit adopts a GPS-BeiDou synchronized clock, and the clock synchronization unit provides a precise clock synchronization signal for the microsystem through a high-precision time-synchronization GPS, BeiDou module and precision time synchronization technology.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the frequency control unit generates corresponding phase control words and frequency control words according to the waveform design of the glacial river measurement radar to control the DDS unit to generate corresponding radar transmission signal waveform data. The DDS unit satisfies the radar waveform design of the glacial river measurement radar and provides a general architecture for the subsequent expansion of the radar system.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the DUC unit enables the center frequency of the digital upconverter that transmits baseband signals of the ice-period river measurement radar to be consistent with the center frequency of the digital downconverter, and the digital upconverter outputs a real number signal sequence.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the DA unit converts the digital intermediate frequency transmission signal generated according to the corresponding frequency encoding into an analog signal. The DA unit is a single-channel module with a sampling accuracy of 16 bits and a maximum adaptable operating signal bandwidth of 120MHz. The low-noise amplifier is located at the receiving end and uses a cascaded three-stage HGC367 amplifier to amplify the signal to meet the input requirements of the AD module. The bandpass filter uses a TLLF-DC-300M-L RF filter to filter out interference and noise signal components outside the receiver band. The AD unit samples and transforms the amplified analog echo signal received by the receiving channel into a digital signal. The AD unit uses a 300MHz AD component and has a digital quantization bit depth of 16 bits.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the power amplifier amplifies the output Glacier Radar simulated transmission signal, and the power amplifier adopts an HGC367 amplifier.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the DDC unit down-converts the received digital echo signal from the simulated echo signal of the glacial river measurement to zero intermediate frequency to generate a zero intermediate frequency baseband complex signal for use by the back-end signal processing unit. The FIR unit filters out the harmonic components of the echo signal after DDC processing to obtain the zero intermediate frequency echo signal.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the high-performance signal processing platform adopts an Intel second-generation I7 processor, the high-performance data processing platform adopts an EPC-S202 embedded industrial control computer, and the high-performance data processing platform has corresponding data processing software.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that this utility model can achieve are:

[0014] 1. Using radar principles, we conduct in-depth research on the relevant theories of electromagnetic wave propagation in ice media. The portable ice age river measurement radar operates in the UHF band, adopts a fully digital dual-channel transceiver structure, and is equipped with a high-performance signal processing unit to realize radar signal processing of different receiving channels during the ice age. The working time of the dual channels is strictly controlled by a high-precision clock module, and the signal processing results obtained from the dual channels are subjected to full correlation processing to realize the measurement of ice age river characteristics.

[0015] 2. The clock synchronization unit is used to provide clock reference signals for different channels of the ice-period river measurement radar, to control the transmission time of the two channels, to realize the alternating operation of the two channels, and to provide timestamp information to the data processing unit for subsequent flow velocity characteristic analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the structure of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a side view comparison structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the composition and signal flow of the radar system of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a functional composition diagram of the DDS unit of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a functional composition diagram of the DUC unit of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a functional composition diagram of the DA unit of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a graph showing the gain and noise of the power amplifier of this invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a gain diagram of the transceiver antenna of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a functional composition diagram of the AD unit of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating the functional implementation of the DDC module of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the functional implementation of the FIR module of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 14 This is a functional composition diagram of the high-performance signal processing platform of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 15 This is a diagram illustrating the frequency encoding of different channels in this invention.

[0031] Figure 16 The diagram shows the zero-IF time-domain and frequency-domain results of the transmitted and received signals from different channels of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 17 These are range Doppler feature maps obtained from observations of different channels in this invention.

[0033] The components include: 1. Control box; 2. Antenna bracket; 3. Antenna body; 4. Foldable tripod; 5. U-shaped limit bar; 6. Saddle clamp; 7. Adjustable telescopic rod; 8. Rotating connecting plate; 9. Square sleeve; 10. Quadrilateral prism; 11. Long support bar; 12. Short support bar; 13. U-shaped connector. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the technical means, creative features, and achieved objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model is further described below with reference to specific embodiments. However, the following embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described in the implementation are all within the protection scope of this utility model without creative effort.

[0035] For an example, please refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, this utility model provides a portable river measurement radar for the glacial period, including a control box 1. A U-shaped limiting crossbar 5 is installed on the back of the control box 1. A saddle clamp 6 is installed at the center of the U-shaped limiting crossbar 5 by a fixing bolt. An adjustable telescopic rod 7 is installed inside the saddle clamp 6. A foldable tripod 4 is installed at the bottom of the adjustable telescopic rod 7. A rotating connecting plate 8 is installed at the top of the adjustable telescopic rod 7. A square sleeve 9 is fixed at the center of the top of the rotating connecting plate 8. An antenna bracket 2 is installed at the top of the square sleeve 9. The antenna bracket 2 consists of a quadrangular prism 10, a long supporting crossbar 11, and a short supporting crossbar 12. The two sides of one end of the long supporting crossbar 11 and the short supporting crossbar 12 are fixed to one side of the quadrangular prism 10 by corner brackets. U-shaped connectors 13 are fixedly installed at the other ends of the long supporting crossbar 11 and the short supporting crossbar 12. The top of component 13 is equipped with an antenna body 3 on one side. The control box 1 contains a radar display and control unit for glacial rivers, a clock synchronization unit, a frequency control unit, a DDS unit, a DUC unit, a DA unit, a power amplifier, a low-noise amplifier, a bandpass filter, an AD unit, a DDC unit, an FIR unit, a high-performance signal processing platform, and a high-performance data processing platform. The portable glacial river measurement radar operates in the UHF band, adopts a fully digital dual-channel transceiver structure, and is equipped with a high-performance signal processing unit to process radar signals from different receiving channels during the glacial period. The working time of the dual channels is strictly controlled by a high-precision clock module, and the signal processing results obtained from the dual channels are subjected to full correlation processing to measure the characteristics of glacial rivers.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, the glacial river radar display and control unit is constructed by installing the glacial river measurement radar display and control software on the control computer, configuring the corresponding network information according to the parameter requirements, and then connecting it to the equipment via a network cable. The antenna body 3 is a transceiver antenna, which adopts a planar microstrip antenna. The glacial river radar display and control unit is used to transmit the working parameters of the measurement radar, control the radar workflow and monitor the working status, and display the data obtained from the measurement and analysis of the glacial river measurement radar. The hardware of the display and control unit can be any type of computing device.

[0037] like Figure 3 , Figure 10 As shown, the clock synchronization unit adopts a GPS-BeiDou synchronized clock. The clock synchronization unit provides a precise clock synchronization signal for the microsystem through a high-precision time-synchronization GPS and BeiDou module and precise time synchronization technology. The clock synchronization unit is used to provide clock reference signals for different channels of the ice-period river measurement radar, to control the transmission time of the two channels, to realize the alternating operation of the two channels, and to provide timestamp information for the data processing unit for subsequent flow velocity characteristic analysis.

[0038] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the frequency control unit generates corresponding phase control words and frequency control words according to the waveform design of the glacial river measurement radar to control the DDS unit to generate corresponding radar transmission signal waveform data. The DDS unit satisfies the radar waveform design of the glacial river measurement radar and provides a general architecture for the subsequent expansion of the radar system. The DDS can generate arbitrary waveforms and has the advantages of low cost, low power consumption, high resolution and fast conversion time, and can adapt to the complex transmission waveforms of the glacial period.

[0039] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the DUC unit implements a digital upconverter that transmits baseband signals from a river measurement radar during the glacial period with a fixed center frequency. The center frequency used by the digital upconverter is the same as that of the digital downconverter, and the output of the digital upconverter is a real number signal sequence.

[0040] like Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 11 , Figure 12As shown, the DA unit converts the digital intermediate frequency (IF) transmit signal generated according to the corresponding frequency encoding into an analog signal. The DA unit is a single-channel module with a 16-bit sampling accuracy and a maximum operating signal bandwidth of 120MHz. The low-noise amplifier is located at the receiving end and uses a cascaded three-stage HGC367 amplifier to amplify the signal to meet the input requirements of the AD module. The bandpass filter uses a TLLF-DC-300M-L RF filter to remove interference and noise signal components outside the receiver's band. The AD unit samples and converts the amplified analog echo signal received by the receiving channel into a digital signal. The AD unit uses a 300MHz AD component with a 16-bit digital quantization bit. The use of a high-performance DA conversion unit can adapt to various signal bandwidth requirements, meet the narrowband performance requirements of the existing system, and also meet the expansion requirements of subsequent broadband radar systems. The bandpass filter is used to filter out interference and noise signal components outside the receiver's band, improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal.

[0041] like Figure 5 , Figure 9 As shown, the power amplifier amplifies the output Glacier radar simulated transmission signal. The power amplifier uses an HGC367 amplifier; the HGC367 amplifier has stable system gain over a wide frequency range.

[0042] like Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, the DDC unit down-converts the received digital echo signal from the simulated river measurement during the glacial period to zero intermediate frequency (IF), generating a zero IF baseband complex signal for use by the back-end signal processing unit. The FIR unit filters out the harmonic components of the echo signal after DDC processing to obtain the zero IF echo signal.

[0043] like Figure 14 As shown, the high-performance signal processing platform uses a second-generation Intel i7 processor, and the high-performance data processing platform uses an EPC-S202 embedded industrial control computer. The high-performance data processing platform has corresponding data processing software. The second-generation Intel i7 processor includes a 256-bit AVX (Advanced Vector Extensions) vector floating-point instruction set. The AVX vector operation unit significantly improves the floating-point operation capabilities of traditional x86 instructions. At a clock speed of 2.1GHz, the i7-2715QE processor achieves a peak computing power of 135 GFLOPS.

[0044] Specific working principle:

[0045] The portable glacial river measurement radar, according to measurement requirements, performs network configuration through the glacial river radar display and control unit, establishes a network connection with the system hardware, and sends dual-channel transmission signal control parameters and operating timing. The clock synchronization unit sends a synchronization clock to the dual transceiver channels. The frequency control units of each transceiver channel generate the corresponding frequency control word and phase control word based on the sent synchronization clock, radar transmission signal waveform parameters, and the corresponding operating timing. The DDS unit of each transceiver channel generates the corresponding radar transmission digital intermediate frequency (IF) signal based on the corresponding frequency control word and phase control word. The DUC unit performs digital up-conversion on the radar transmission IF signal generated by the DDS to obtain the corresponding UHF band glacial river radar digital transmission signal. The DA module performs digital-to-analog conversion on the radar digital transmission signal to obtain the UHF band radar analog transmission signal. The power amplifier amplifies the analog radar transmission signal to the specified power level before transmitting it through the radar transmitting antenna. The receiving antenna receives the glacial river echo signal from the glacial river radar and sends it to the low-noise amplification unit to amplify the weak echo signal. The corresponding power level is sent to the bandpass filter unit. The bandpass filter filters the amplified radar echo signal from the glacial period river, removing out-of-band noise and interference signals to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the echo signal. The downpass filtered echo signal is processed by the AD conversion unit to obtain a digital echo signal. This digital signal is then downconverted to zero intermediate frequency (IF) by the DDC unit, and the harmonic components are filtered out by the FIR digital filter unit to obtain the zero IF digital echo signal, which is then sent to the radar signal processing unit. The radar signal processing unit performs matched filtering, spectrum analysis, and coherent / non-coherent signal processing of the digital echo. The system performs signal processing steps such as accumulation and constant false alarm rate (CFAR) processing to acquire echo range Doppler characteristic information from different measurement channels, which is then sent to the radar data processing unit. The radar data processing unit performs full correlation analysis on the range Doppler characteristic results obtained from different receiving channels, and uses the radar operating time sequence of the two channels as a reference benchmark. It then employs an intelligent estimation algorithm to extract the amplitude, spectral width, and Doppler characteristics for the corresponding distances. Based on the radar operating parameters, it calculates the characteristic parameters of the glacial river at different distances. Finally, the data processing results are sent to the glacial river radar display and control unit for real-time display of the measurement results.

[0046] During the measurement process, frequency-coded signals were used to measure the river surface during the glacial period. The frequency codes for the two transceiver channels were identical, and the transmission and reception times were staggered by one complete signal cycle. Specifically, by using a synchronization clock and control parameters, the frequency descriptors of channel 1 and channel 2 were time-staggered, allowing channel 1 and channel 2 to operate alternately to avoid signal interference. Furthermore, characteristic information such as velocity was calculated using the relevant time parameters. The frequency-coded descriptor is as follows: Figure 15 As shown, transmitting and receiving zero-IF signals is as follows: Figure 16As shown, through dual-channel radar signal processing, the range Doppler characteristics of different channels are obtained as follows: Figure 17 As shown, by performing full correlation data analysis and fusion on the processing results of dual-channel radar signals, and extracting the corresponding features through estimation algorithms, the relevant flow velocity characteristics of rivers during the glacial period are obtained.

[0047] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A portable glacial river measurement radar, comprising a control box (1), characterized in that: A U-shaped limiting crossbar (5) is installed on the back of the control box (1). A saddle clamp (6) is installed at the center of the U-shaped limiting crossbar (5) by a fixing bolt. An adjustable telescopic rod (7) is installed inside the saddle clamp (6). A foldable tripod (4) is installed at the bottom of the adjustable telescopic rod (7). A rotating connecting plate (8) is installed at the top of the adjustable telescopic rod (7). A square sleeve (9) is fixed at the center of the top of the rotating connecting plate (8). An antenna bracket (2) is installed at the top of the square sleeve (9). The antenna bracket (2) is composed of a quadrangular prism (10), a long support crossbar (11), and a short support crossbar (12). The two sides of one end of the crossbar (11) and the short crossbar (12) are fixed to one side of the quadrangular prism (10) by corner codes. The other end of the long crossbar (11) and the short crossbar (12) are fixedly provided with U-shaped connectors (13). The antenna body (3) is installed on one side of the top of the two U-shaped connectors (13). The control box (1) is equipped with an ice age river radar display and control unit, a clock synchronization unit, a frequency control unit, a DDS unit, a DUC unit, a DA unit, a power amplifier, a low noise amplifier, a bandpass filter, an AD unit, a DDC unit, an FIR unit, a high-performance signal processing platform, and a high-performance data processing platform.

2. The portable glacial river measurement radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glacial river radar display and control unit is formed by installing the glacial river measurement radar display and control software on the control computer, configuring the corresponding network information according to the parameter requirements, and then connecting it to the equipment via a network cable. The antenna body (3) is a transceiver antenna, which is a planar microstrip antenna.

3. The portable glacial river measurement radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clock synchronization unit adopts a GPS-BeiDou synchronized clock, which provides a precise clock synchronization signal to the microsystem through a high-precision time-synchronization GPS, BeiDou module and precision time synchronization technology.

4. A portable glacial river measurement radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency control unit generates corresponding phase control words and frequency control words according to the waveform design of the glacial river measurement radar to control the DDS unit to generate corresponding radar transmission signal waveform data. The DDS unit satisfies the radar waveform design of the glacial river measurement radar and provides a general architecture for the subsequent expansion of the radar system.

5. A portable glacial river measurement radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DUC unit enables the digital upconverter to transmit baseband signals from the ice-period river measurement radar at a fixed center frequency to use the same center frequency as the digital downconverter. The digital upconverter outputs a real number signal sequence.

6. A portable glacial river measurement radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DA unit converts the digital intermediate frequency (IF) transmit signal generated according to the corresponding frequency encoding into an analog signal. The DA unit is a single-channel module with a 16-bit sampling accuracy and a maximum operating signal bandwidth of 120MHz. The low-noise amplifier is located at the receiving end and uses a cascaded 3-stage HGC367 amplifier to amplify the signal to meet the input requirements of the AD module. The bandpass filter uses a TLLF-DC-300M-L RF filter to remove interference and noise signal components outside the receiver band. The AD unit samples and transforms the amplified analog echo signal received by the receiving channel into a digital signal. The AD unit uses a 300MHz AD component with a 16-bit digital quantization bit.

7. A portable glacial river measurement radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power amplifier amplifies the output Glacier Radar simulated transmission signal, and the power amplifier uses an HGC367 amplifier.

8. A portable glacial river measurement radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DDC unit down-converts the received digital echo signal from the simulated river measurement during the glacial period to zero intermediate frequency (IF), generating a zero IF baseband complex signal for use by the back-end signal processing unit. The FIR unit filters out the harmonic components of the echo signal after DDC processing to obtain the zero IF echo signal.

9. A portable glacial river measurement radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-performance signal processing platform uses an Intel second-generation i7 processor, the high-performance data processing platform uses an EPC-S202 embedded industrial control computer, and the high-performance data processing platform has corresponding data processing software.

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