Excitation fuse structure

Abstract

An excitation fuse structure comprises a shell, a cavity is arranged between the two ends of the shell, a busbar is arranged in the cavity of the shell in a penetrating mode, and the two ends of the busbar are located outside the shell. An excitation source and a piston structure are arranged in the cavity of the shell, the piston structure is arranged corresponding to the busbar, one end, facing the busbar, of a piston is located at the part, needing to be disconnected, of the busbar in the cavity, and the cavity between one end, away from the busbar, of the piston structure and one end, releasing driving force, of the excitation source is communicated; when the excitation source releases the driving force and drives the piston structure to act, one end of the piston structure facing the busbar rotates or rotates while linearly displacing, so that the to-be-disconnected part of the busbar is disconnected from the busbar body and is driven to rotate together, and the to-be-disconnected part of the busbar is insulated from the busbar body. The busbar is disconnected through the piston structure in a rotating or linear displacement combined rotating mode, the displacement space of the piston structure is reduced, the structure is more compact, and the size is smaller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power control and electric vehicles, and specifically relates to an excitation fuse structure for circuit protection that mechanically disconnects the main circuit. Background Technology

[0002] As a protective device in a circuit system, a fuse mainly consists of an explosive device, a breaking device, a busbar, and an arc-extinguishing fusible element. Typically, the explosive device and the breaking device are located on the same side of the busbar, while the arc-extinguishing device is located on the other side. The high-pressure gas generated by the explosion drives the breaking device to move towards the busbar. The kinetic energy from the linear displacement of the breaking device cuts off the busbar, and the arc is extinguished by the arc-extinguishing fusible element. Because the breaking mechanism uses the kinetic energy from linear displacement to break the busbar, after the busbar is disconnected, sufficient space must be maintained for the breaking device to continue its displacement until it reaches its final position, ensuring sufficient insulation distance between the disconnected portion of the busbar and the main body. Therefore, the current structure of activated fuses on the market results in a relatively large size.

[0003] Chinese Patent 202022974230.1 discloses a fusible element fuse that combines melting and mechanical disconnection, which disconnects the fusible element through a rotating force-applying mechanism. However, the specific structure and implementation of the rotating force-applying mechanism are not disclosed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an excitation fuse structure that drives the piston structure to rotate by changing the direction of the high-pressure gas flow released by the excitation source to break the busbar in a rotational manner, or by combining the linear displacement of the piston structure with the rotational manner to break the busbar, thereby saving the space for the piston structure to move after the busbar is broken.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an excitation fuse structure, including a housing, a cavity between the two ends of the housing, a busbar passing through the cavity of the housing, the two ends of the busbar being located outside the housing; an excitation source and a piston structure are arranged in the cavity of the housing, the piston structure being arranged corresponding to the busbar, one end of the piston facing the busbar being located at the part of the busbar to be disconnected in the cavity, and the cavity between the end of the piston structure away from the busbar and the end of the excitation source that releases driving force; when the excitation source releases driving force, driving the piston structure to move, the end of the piston structure facing the busbar rotates or linearly displaces while rotating, causing the part of the busbar to be disconnected to disconnect from the busbar body, and rotating together with the part of the busbar to be disconnected, so that the part of the busbar to be disconnected is insulated from the busbar body.

[0006] Preferably, a limiting structure is provided between the end of the piston structure facing the busbar and the inner wall of the housing cavity; the limiting structure limits the initial position of the end of the piston structure facing the busbar, or the limiting structure limits the linear displacement distance of the end of the piston structure facing the busbar.

[0007] Preferably, a limiting flange structure is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the piston structure facing the busbar, and a limiting step structure is provided on the inner wall of the cavity of the housing. The limiting flange structure is located on the side of the limiting step structure facing the excitation source. When the piston structure is in its initial position, the limiting flange structure and the limiting step structure contact each other to form the limiting structure. Alternatively, a displacement gap is maintained between the limiting flange structure and the limiting step structure. When the piston structure moves linearly towards the busbar, the limiting flange structure and the limiting step structure contact each other to form the limiting structure.

[0008] Preferably, the piston structure includes a linear displacement piston and a rotary piston. The linear displacement piston is disposed towards the excitation source, and the rotary piston is disposed towards the busbar. One end of the rotary piston facing the busbar is located at the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected. The rotary piston is provided with an inclined surface structure. The limiting structure is provided between the rotary piston and the inner wall of the housing cavity. When the excitation source releases driving force, it drives the linear displacement piston to collide with the inclined surface structure of the rotary piston and move linearly, thereby driving the rotary piston to rotate, or to move linearly and rotate simultaneously.

[0009] Preferably, the end of the linear displacement piston facing the rotary piston is provided with an inclined structure that cooperates with the inclined structure of the rotary piston. In the initial position, a distance is maintained between the inclined structures of the linear displacement piston and the rotary piston to allow for linear displacement of the linear displacement piston. When the linear displacement piston moves linearly, the distance between the inclined structures of the linear displacement piston and the rotary piston gradually decreases, driving the rotary piston to rotate, or rotating while moving linearly.

[0010] Preferably, the outer peripheral surface of the end of the rotary piston facing the linear displacement piston is provided with a driving notch, and the driving notch has the inclined structure; the end of the linear displacement piston facing the rotary piston is provided with a driving structure that is inserted into the driving notch, and the driving structure has the inclined structure. When the linear displacement piston is displaced, the driving structure enters the driving notch, and the driving structure and the inclined structure of the driving notch undergo relative displacement in an abutting manner, causing the rotary piston to rotate, or to rotate simultaneously with the linear displacement.

[0011] Preferably, the inclined surface structure is a spiral inclined surface structure.

[0012] Preferably, a linear guide structure is provided between the linear displacement piston and the inner wall of the housing cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the piston structure has a plurality of spaced rotating blades on the outer peripheral surface of one end facing the excitation source, and a rotating air passage is formed between two adjacent rotating blades. The rotating blades are in contact with the inner wall of the cavity of the housing.

[0014] Preferably, the piston structure is either a separate structure or an integral structure, with the end having the rotating blade and the end located at the disconnection position of the busbar; when it is a separate structure, the end having the rotating blade and the end located at the disconnection position of the busbar are fixedly connected.

[0015] Preferably, the spiral angle of the spiral inclined structure or rotating blade is 30° to 60°, or is a spiral gradual change process of 30° to 60°.

[0016] Preferably, the helix angle is 30° to 45°.

[0017] Preferably, the piston structure located at one end of the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected has a nested structure or a clamping structure with the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected.

[0018] Preferably, the piston structure is configured with a U-shaped groove on both sides of the end of the busbar that needs to be disconnected, and the clamping structure is formed in the U-shaped groove of the busbar that needs to be disconnected.

[0019] Preferably, the pin passes through the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected and is inserted into the bottom of the U-shaped groove structure, thereby fixing the end of the piston structure facing the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected to the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected.

[0020] Preferably, the piston structure has at least two U-shaped groove structures that are spaced apart on both sides of the end of the busbar to be disconnected. The busbar to be disconnected is configured as a fence-like structure. The fences of the fence-like structure correspond one-to-one with the U-shaped groove structures. The fences are nested in the corresponding U-shaped groove structures to form the nested structure.

[0021] Preferably, a protrusion is provided on at least one side of the U-shaped groove structure, the protrusion being located on one side of the fence, and when the piston structure rotates, the protrusion abuts against the side of the fence; there is no fitting gap or a fitting gap is retained between the protrusion and the fence, and when a fitting gap is retained, the fitting gap is the same, or each fence and the corresponding U-shaped groove structure retains different fitting gaps.

[0022] Preferably, the connection between the disconnected portion of the busbar and the busbar body is provided with a fracture-resistant structure to reduce mechanical strength.

[0023] Preferably, the fragile structure is a polygonal hollow structure.

[0024] Preferably, a fuse structure connected in parallel to the busbar is provided in the housing outside the displacement path of the piston structure.

[0025] Preferably, when the piston structure has linear displacement, the fusible link mechanism includes an arc-extinguishing medium, an arc-extinguishing melt, a displacement channel, and a melt cutting assembly; the displacement channel is disposed in the arc-extinguishing medium, the melt passes through the arc-extinguishing medium and the displacement channel and is connected in parallel with the busbar, one end of the melt cutting assembly acts on the melt located in the displacement channel, and the other end away from the melt is connected to the cavity where the excitation source drive release end is located through an air passage. In the initial position, the piston structure closes the air passage. When the piston structure undergoes linear displacement and disconnects the busbar, the air passage is opened, and the melt cutting assembly disconnects the arc-extinguishing melt.

[0026] Preferably, the busbar is located at one end of the housing, and the piston structure, the excitation source, and the fuse structure are located on the same side of the busbar.

[0027] Preferably, the housing is formed by splicing together at least two sub-housing structures, and the busbar is integrally formed with the sub-housing structure to which it is located.

[0028] The excitation fuse structure of the present invention combines a linear displacement piston and a rotary piston, combining the linear displacement of the linear displacement piston with the rotational displacement of the rotary piston. Through the inclined structure of the linear displacement piston and the rotary piston, the linear displacement is converted into rotational displacement, thereby realizing the disconnection of the busbar.

[0029] By using a piston structure to disconnect the busbar in a rotary manner, or by combining linear displacement with a rotary manner to disconnect the busbar, the linear displacement space of the piston structure is saved, or the linear displacement space of the piston structure is reduced, making the product structure more compact and smaller in size.

[0030] By having the excitation source, piston structure, and parallel fuse elements all located on the same side of the busbar, and disconnecting the busbar by rotation, the displacement space for the piston to linearly move to the termination position and the space for the parallel fuse elements are avoided on the other side of the busbar, making the excitation fuse structure more compact and smaller in size.

[0031] By integrating the busbar with part of the housing, the installation space of the busbar and the parts used for fixing the busbar (such as fixing bolts, connecting terminals, etc.) are saved, further reducing the structural volume of the excitation fuse. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the excitation fuse.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an excitation fuse that combines a linear displacement piston and a rotary piston.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a linear displacement piston, a rotary piston, and a busbar. The linear displacement piston and rotary piston structures are schematic diagrams of the structure when the linear displacement piston is moved to the end position and cooperates with the rotary piston.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a linear displacement piston.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of a linear displacement piston.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating piston.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating piston and the part of the motherboard that needs to be disconnected from the engagement.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a structure with no linear displacement gap between the rotating piston and the housing.

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a linear displacement gap is maintained between the rotating piston and the housing.

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating piston and the busbar.

[0042] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction between the rotating piston and the busbar when the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected is a fence-like structure.

[0043] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating piston and the busbar when the part to be disconnected is a fence-like structure.

[0044] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a fence-like structure for the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected.

[0045] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the rotating piston, the housing, and the arc-extinguishing cavity.

[0046] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the busbar and part of the shell are integrally formed.

[0047] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of another type of rotating piston and busbar assembly.

[0048] Figure label:

[0049] 100 housing, 102 guide groove, 106 excitation source, 107 busbar, 107a part of busbar to be disconnected, 108 circular cavity, 109 easily broken structure, 111 fence, 111a pointed structure, 112 long strip through hole, 113 linear displacement piston, 114 rotary piston, 114a U-shaped groove, 115 guide end, 116 guide ridge, 117 drive structure, 118 drive notch, 118a inclined surface structure, 118b straight surface structure, 119 pin, 120 U-shaped limiting protrusion, 121 limiting flange, 122 arc extinguishing cavity, 123 arc extinguishing melt, 124 air passage, 125 air passage opening, 126 rotary piston, 127 spiral air passage piston, 128 limiting step structure. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention discloses an excitation fuse structure, comprising a housing, a cavity between the two ends of the housing, a busbar passing through the cavity of the housing, the two ends of the busbar being located outside the housing; an excitation source and a piston structure are disposed in the cavity of the housing, the piston structure being disposed corresponding to the busbar, one end of the piston facing the busbar being located at the part of the busbar to be disconnected in the cavity, and the cavity between the end of the piston structure away from the busbar and the end of the excitation source that releases driving force; when the excitation source releases driving force and drives the piston structure to move, the end of the piston structure facing the busbar rotates or moves linearly while rotating, causing the part of the busbar to be disconnected to be disconnected from the busbar body, and rotating together with the part of the busbar to be disconnected, so that the part of the busbar to be disconnected is insulated from the busbar body.

[0051] The following describes preferred embodiments in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The directional terms used are for reference only and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of this invention.

[0052] See the structure of the excitation fuse. Figures 1 to 13The system includes a shell, a busbar, a piston structure, and an arc-extinguishing melt. A through cavity is formed between the two ends of the shell 100. Within the cavity of the shell 100, from top to bottom, an excitation source 106, a piston structure, and a busbar 107 are sequentially arranged. The excitation source 106 is located at the top of the cavity of the shell 100 and closes one end of the cavity. The driving force release end of the excitation source 106 is located within the cavity of the shell 100. The busbar 107 is located at the other end of the shell 100, away from the excitation source 106. The arc-extinguishing melt is connected in parallel to the busbar 107. The excitation source 106 and the piston structure (i.e., the arc-extinguishing melt) are all located on the same side of the busbar 107.

[0053] The housing 100 is assembled from parts. The excitation source 106 is a gas generator that can ignite upon receiving a trigger signal (current or voltage signal), releasing high-pressure gas as a driving force to drive the piston structure.

[0054] Busbar 107 is inserted into housing 100 and passes through the cavity of housing 100. Busbar 107 is located at the end of housing 100 away from excitation source 106. The two ends of busbar 107 located outside housing 100 serve as terminals for the excitation fuse structure. The cavity portion of housing 100 through which busbar 107 passes is a circular cavity 108, meaning the cross-section of circular cavity 108 is circular. Busbar 107 includes a busbar body and a disconnectable portion 107a located between the busbar bodies. That is, the portion of busbar 107 located in circular cavity 108 is the disconnectable portion 107a. The two ends of the disconnectable portion 107a are fitted against the inner wall of circular cavity 108 and have an arc-shaped structure to facilitate rotation within circular cavity 108 with the piston structure after disconnection from the busbar body. Busbar 107 can be designed as a flat plate structure or a U-shaped structure.

[0055] The piston structure is located in the cavity of the housing 100 between the motherboard 107 and the excitation source 106. See also Figures 3 to 7 The piston structure includes a linear displacement piston 113 and a rotary piston 114. The linear displacement piston 113 is positioned towards the excitation source 106, and the rotary piston 114 is positioned towards the busbar 107. That is, the linear displacement piston 113 is located between the excitation source 106 and the rotary piston 114, and the rotary piston 114 is located between the linear displacement piston 113 and the busbar 107. The end of the rotary piston 114 away from the linear displacement piston 113 is located at the part of the busbar to be disconnected 107a. The linear displacement piston 113 and the rotary piston 114 are joined by an inclined surface structure to form the piston structure. Through the engagement of the inclined surface structure, the linear displacement piston 113 drives the rotary piston 114 to rotate while moving linearly.

[0056] Linear displacement piston 113, see Figure 4 and Figure 5The material is engineering plastic (PA66 or other) or metal. The linear displacement piston 113 includes an integrally connected guide end 115 and a drive end. The guide end 115 is positioned towards the excitation source 106, and the drive end 116 is positioned towards the rotary piston 114. The guide end 115 matches the shape of the cavity portion of the housing 100 in which it is located, and the guide end 115 of the linear displacement piston 113 is in close and sealed contact with the inner wall of the cavity of the housing 100.

[0057] When the cross-section of the linear displacement piston 113 is circular, see [reference needed]. Figure 4 and Figure 14 Guide ridges 116 are provided on opposite sides of the guide end 115 of the linear displacement piston 113. Straight guide grooves 102 are provided on opposite sides of the guide ridges 116 on the inner wall of the cavity of the housing 100 along the displacement direction of the linear displacement piston. The guide ridges 116 are provided in the guide grooves to form a straight guide structure for the linear displacement piston 113, ensuring that the linear displacement piston 113 moves linearly along the guide grooves 102.

[0058] In other embodiments, a linear guide structure may not be provided, and the guide end 115 of the linear displacement piston 113 may also have an elliptical structure, see [reference]. Figure 5 Accordingly, the cavity portion of the housing 100 that accommodates and linearly displaces the linear displacement piston 113 is configured as an elliptical structure that matches the guide end 115 of the linear displacement piston 113. This elliptical structure effectively limits the guide end of the linear displacement piston 113, preventing rotation. The shape of the linear displacement piston 113 is not limited to the above. Figure 4 and Figure 5 Both structural forms are acceptable, as long as they can guarantee linear displacement and drive the rotary piston 114 to rotate.

[0059] Two spaced-apart drive structures 117 are integrally formed on the end face of the guide end 115 facing the rotating piston to form the drive end of the linear displacement piston 113. The two drive structures 117 are located on opposite sides of the linear displacement piston 113 and have the same structure. For the compactness of the piston structure, the two drive structures 117 are located in the same annular structure, that is, the inner and outer surfaces of the two drive structures 117 are located in the same annulus. The ends of the drive structures 117 facing the rotating piston converge to form a pointed structure, and one side of the drive structure 117 is set as a slope structure 118. Preferably, the slope of the slope structure 118 located on the inner side of the inner surface of the drive structure 117 and the slope located on the outer side of the outer surface are different, so that the slope structure 118 forms a spiral slope structure. The helix angle of the spiral slope structure determines the rotational speed of the linear displacement piston and the break-off time of the busbar. Therefore, the helix angle is 30° to 60°, preferably 30° to 45°, or it can be set as a gradual process of 30° to 60°. The other side of the drive structure 117 is a straight surface structure, parallel to the linear displacement piston displacement direction.

[0060] Rotary piston 114, see Figure 3 and Figure 7 The material is insulating. On opposite sides of the outer circumferential surface of the linear displacement piston 113 at one end, there are matching drive notches 118 corresponding to the two drive structures 117 of the linear displacement piston 113. That is, the drive notches 118 also have inclined surface structures 118a and straight surface structures 118b, with one end of the inclined surface structure 118a and the straight surface structure 118b connected and the other end spaced apart. In order to make the piston structure more compact, the drive notches 118 and the matching drive structures 117 have the same shape. When the linear displacement piston 113 moves to the end position, the two drive structures 117 are inserted into the drive notches 118 and fit against them.

[0061] In the initial position, the drive structure 117 of the linear displacement piston 113 is inserted into the drive notch 118 of the rotary piston to a certain depth, so that the end of the inclined structure of the drive structure 117 abuts against the end of the inclined structure of the drive notch 118, ensuring that the linear displacement piston 113 can make linear displacement as soon as it starts to move linearly, and can drive the rotary piston to rotate or rotate while making linear displacement.

[0062] Figure 3 The linear displacement piston 113 and the rotary piston 114 are coupled through an inclined plane structure, which makes the piston structure run more smoothly.

[0063] In the above embodiments, linear displacement is converted into rotational motion by the cooperation of the driving structure and the inclined structure of the driving notch. In some embodiments, the driving structure of the driving end of the linear displacement piston 113 can be a driving rod structure, and the rotating piston 114 is provided with an inclined structure. The inclined structure can be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating piston or on the end face facing the linear piston 113. The end of the rotating piston 114 facing the linear displacement piston 113 can be provided with a hollow structure, and the inclined structure is provided on the inner surface of the hollow structure. By the driving rod abutting against the inclined structure, the rotating piston 114 is driven to rotate or rotate simultaneously with the linear displacement during the linear displacement of the linear displacement piston 113.

[0064] Therefore, as long as the inclined structure is provided on the rotary piston 114, the driving end of the linear displacement piston 113 abuts against the inclined structure of the rotary piston 114, and the linear displacement of the linear displacement piston 113 drives the rotary piston 114 to rotate or rotate while performing linear displacement.

[0065] The end of the rotating piston 114 facing the busbar 107 is the end that mates with the disconnected portion 107a of the busbar, located in the circular cavity 108 within the housing 100. The cross-section of the end of the rotating piston 114 mates with the disconnected portion 107a of the busbar is also circular, matching the shape of the circular cavity 108. That is, the end of the rotating piston 114 mates with the disconnected portion 107a of the busbar is fitted against or has a small clearance fit with the inner wall of the circular cavity 108, thus limiting the rotation space of the rotating piston and preventing the end of the rotating piston 114 mates with the disconnected portion 107a of the busbar from shaking during rotation.

[0066] A ring-shaped limiting flange 121 is provided along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating piston 114 between the drive notch 118 of the rotating piston 114 and the end facing the busbar 107. Correspondingly, a ring-shaped limiting step structure 128 is provided on the inner wall of the cavity of the housing 100. The initial positional relationship between the limiting flange 121 and the limiting step structure 128 determines whether the rotating piston 114 can only perform rotational action or perform a composite action of linear displacement and rotation.

[0067] Rotary piston 114 can only perform rotational movements, see Figure 8 In the initial position, the limiting flange 121 of the rotating piston 114 directly contacts the limiting step structure 128, which limits the position of the rotating piston 114, so that the rotating piston 114 can only perform rotational motion.

[0068] The rotary piston 114 performs a combined action of linear displacement and rotation, see [link / reference] Figure 9Initially, the limiting flange 121 of the rotating piston 114 and the limiting step structure 128 maintain a certain displacement distance, and the position is not yet limited. When the linear displacement piston 113 drives the rotating piston 114, the rotating piston 114 rotates while performing linear displacement until the limiting flange 121 of the rotating piston 114 moves to the limiting step structure 128 and contacts the limiting step structure 128, thus limiting the linear displacement of the rotating piston 114. Then, the rotating piston 114 only performs rotational motion. The limiting flange and the limiting step structure work together to limit the rotation, preventing the rotating piston from causing impact damage to the housing. At the same time, the combined action of linear displacement and rotation of the rotating piston 114 makes it easier to disconnect the part 107a of the busbar.

[0069] The displacement distances of the linear displacement piston and the rotary piston described above are sufficient to drive the rotary piston to rotate by 90 degrees.

[0070] See Figures 7 to 10 A U-shaped groove 114a is provided on the end face of the rotating piston 114 facing the busbar 107, which extends through the opposite sides of the end face. The busbar 107 forms notches on the opposite sides of the width direction at the part of the busbar to be disconnected 107a. When the rotating piston 114 is inserted into the circular cavity 108, the part of the busbar to be disconnected 107a located in the circular cavity 108 forms a clamping fit structure in the U-shaped groove 114a of the rotating piston 114, so as to ensure that when the rotating piston 114 rotates, it can better rotate the part of the busbar to be disconnected 107a together, and prevent relative displacement between the rotating piston and the part of the busbar to be disconnected.

[0071] To further prevent misalignment and relative displacement between the busbar disconnection portion 107a and the rotating piston 114, a pin hole 114b for fixing connection is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped groove 114a at the end of the rotating piston 114 facing the busbar. A through hole for the pin 119 to pass through is provided on the corresponding busbar disconnection portion 107a. The pin 119 passes through the through hole on the busbar disconnection portion 107a in a tight contact manner and is then inserted into the pin hole of the rotating piston 114. The busbar disconnection portion 107a and the rotating piston 114 are fixedly connected by the pin 119 to avoid relative misalignment and sliding.

[0072] See Figures 11 to 13 ,exist Figure 10Based on this, the end face of the rotating piston 114 at the part of the busbar to be disconnected 107a is provided with several U-shaped grooves 114a that pass through the opposite sides of the end. The part of the busbar to be disconnected 107a is configured as a fence-like structure that can be nested into the several U-shaped grooves 114a of the rotating piston 114. The fence-like structure is provided with several fences 111, and elongated through holes 112 are formed between adjacent fences 111. The fences 111 of the part of the busbar to be disconnected 107a are nested in the corresponding U-shaped grooves 114a to form a nested structure. When the rotating piston 114 rotates, the fences 111 of the part of the busbar to be disconnected 107a break off one by one, so that the part of the busbar to be disconnected 107a is disconnected from the body of the busbar 107.

[0073] To facilitate easier disconnection of the busbar portion 107a from the busbar body, an easy-break structure 109 is provided at the busbar portion 107a. When the rotating piston rotates, it drives the busbar portion 107a to disconnect from the easy-break structure 109, forming a fracture on the busbar. The piston then rotates 90 degrees, positioning the busbar portion 107a at the center of the fracture. After the 90-degree rotation, the rotating piston portions on both sides of the U-shaped groove are positioned between the busbar portion 107a and the busbar body, creating an insulated connection between the two parts and completely disconnecting the busbar.

[0074] Figure 10 This is just one type of easily broken structure; there are many other types of easily broken structures.

[0075] See Figure 10 The easily breakable structure 109 is a hollow structure at both ends of the busbar section 107a that needs to be broken, preferably a multi-sided hollow structure. The hollow structure reduces the mechanical strength between the busbar section 107a that needs to be broken and the busbar body. Figure 10 In the middle, the pointed structure formed between two adjacent hollowed-out triangular structures can reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the fragile structure and form stress concentration at the pointed structure, which can satisfy the current carrying capacity and effectively ensure the rotational separation function of the fragile structure.

[0076] Figure 13 In this process, the section of the busbar that needs to be disconnected is fitted with a perforated, fence-like structure to create a fragile structure, making it relatively easy to break. Figure 10 The parts of the busbar that need to be disconnected are easier to disconnect from the main body of the busbar.

[0077] Further, see Figure 13Each fence 111 has its two ends set as a pointed structure 111a to form a breakable structure. That is, the two ends of the fence 111 have a cross-sectional contraction structure and form an acute angle pointed structure with the main body. The pointed structures at both ends of the fence 111 are stress concentration points, and only a small torque is needed to break the two ends of the fence from the main body.

[0078] By reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the connection through a hollow structure and setting sharp corners at the connection, a high stress concentration factor is effectively ensured, making it easier to disconnect the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected.

[0079] Further, see Figures 11 to 13 A protrusion 120 is provided on the side of the U-shaped groove 114a of the rotating piston 114. In this embodiment, the protrusion 120 is U-shaped. When the fence 111 is located in the U-shaped groove 114a, the U-shaped protrusion 120 contacts the side of the fence or maintains a certain gap. When the rotating piston 114 rotates, the contact point between the U-shaped protrusion 120 and the fence becomes a stress concentration point, making the fence 111 easier to break. By concentrating stress through the U-shaped protrusion 120, when the rotating piston rotates, the torque is concentrated at the contact point through the U-shaped protrusion 120, making the part of the busbar that needs to be broken easier to break.

[0080] In some embodiments, the fence can be broken sequentially by different fitting gaps between the U-shaped protrusion 120 in the U-shaped groove 114a of the rotating piston and the fence of the part of the busbar to be broken. That is, when there is no fitting gap, the fence is broken directly. When there is a fitting gap, the U-shaped protrusion contacts the fence after the rotating piston rotates a certain angle, thus breaking the fence.

[0081] In some embodiments, the width of the fence 111 from both sides to the center of the fence-like structure can gradually increase. When the rotating piston breaks the fence, the fence-like structure breaks sequentially from both sides to the center, reducing the torque required to break the part of the busbar that needs to be broken. Through the gap between the U-shaped groove 114a and the fence, for example, through the gap between the fence 111 from both sides to the center of the fence-like structure and the mating U-shaped groove 114a, the gap increases sequentially from the smallest gap. When the rotating piston rotates, the fence from the side with the smallest mating gap to the center breaks sequentially, reducing the torque required to break the part of the busbar that needs to be broken.

[0082] By setting protrusions on the rotating piston or setting notches on the fence of the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected, the local fracture stress value is reduced, making it easier to disconnect the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected.

[0083] When the rotating piston rotates 90°, the distance the busbar is disconnected is half the difference between the diameter of the rotating piston and the width of the long strip-shaped through hole between the fence of the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected. Therefore, the width of the long strip-shaped through hole between the fences is determined according to the electrical clearance and creepage distance design, and the width of the long strip-shaped through hole between the fences should be minimized while meeting the current carrying capacity.

[0084] An arc-extinguishing cavity 122 is provided in the outer periphery of the housing 100 along the displacement path of the piston structure, and a fuse structure is provided in the arc-extinguishing cavity 122. The fuse structure includes an arc-extinguishing medium, an arc-extinguishing melt 123, and a fuse housing. The arc-extinguishing medium fills the fuse housing, and the arc-extinguishing melt 123 passes through the arc-extinguishing medium. Both ends of the arc-extinguishing melt 123 pass through the fuse housing and are connected in parallel with the busbar 107. The two ends of the arc-extinguishing melt 123 are located on the busbar body outside the two ends of the busbar to be disconnected. The resistance of the arc-extinguishing melt 123 is much higher than the resistance of the busbar, and the current flowing through the arc-extinguishing melt 123 is negligible during normal current flow. A narrow neck is provided on the arc-extinguishing melt 123, and the narrow neck is located in the arc-extinguishing medium.

[0085] The fuse housing may be partially or entirely replaced by the excitation fuse housing 100, or the fuse housing may be a separate housing. A displacement channel (not shown) is provided in the fuse structure, through which the arc-extinguishing fusible element 123 passes. A fuse disconnecting assembly (not shown) is provided in the displacement channel, and the arc-extinguishing fusible element 123 in the displacement channel is located on the displacement path of the fuse disconnecting assembly. See also... Figure 12 The end of the melt disconnecting assembly furthest from the arc-extinguishing melt is connected via a gas passage 124 to the cavity containing the end of the excitation source 106 where the high-pressure gas is released. The gas passage 124 has an opening 125 within the cavity containing the end of the excitation source 106 where the high-pressure gas is released. In the initial position, the linear displacement piston 113 closes the gas passage opening 125.

[0086] When the linear displacement piston 113 moves, driving the rotary piston 114 to rotate and disconnect the busbar, the gas passage opening 125 is exposed, and the gas passage 124 opens. The high-pressure gas released by the excitation source enters the gas passage 124 through the gas passage opening 125, driving the melt disconnecting assembly to move along the displacement channel and disconnect the arc-extinguishing melt 123. The broken surface of the arc-extinguishing melt 123 is located in the arc-extinguishing medium, and the arc is extinguished by the arc-extinguishing medium. Because the high-pressure gas drives the linear displacement piston to move and disconnect the conductor busbar through the rotary piston, the high-pressure gas enters the gas passage 124, reducing the pressure of the high-pressure gas to a level sufficient to push the melt disconnecting assembly to move and break the arc-extinguishing melt. Due to the pressure reduction, the continuous impact of the high-pressure gas on the shell is greatly reduced.

[0087] Working principle:

[0088] The excitation source acts according to the received trigger signal, releasing high-pressure gas as driving force to drive the linear displacement piston to make linear displacement along the guide groove. The inclined surface of the driving structure 117 of the linear displacement piston abuts against the inclined surface of the driving notch 118 of the rotary piston and gradually inserts into the driving notch 118. If the limiting flange of the rotary piston abuts against the limiting step structure in the initial position, the rotary piston rotates 90 degrees, taking the part of the busbar to be disconnected with it and rotating together, so that the part of the busbar to be disconnected is disconnected from the busbar body. After rotating 90 degrees, one end of the insulated rotary piston is located between the part of the busbar to be disconnected and the busbar body, so that the part of the busbar to be disconnected is insulated from the busbar body.

[0089] If, in the initial position, the limiting flange of the rotating piston maintains a certain displacement distance from the limiting step structure, the linear displacement piston drives the rotating piston to rotate while performing linear displacement. The rotating piston applies the impact force and torque of linear displacement to the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected. When the limiting flange of the rotating piston contacts the limiting step structure, the linear displacement movement of the rotating piston ends. The rotating piston only performs rotational movement to apply torque to the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected. The rotating piston rotates 90 degrees, taking the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected with it, so that the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected is disconnected from the busbar body. After rotating 90 degrees, one end of the insulated rotating piston is located between the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected and the busbar body, so that the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected is set in an insulated state from the busbar body.

[0090] After the busbar is disconnected, the gas passage opening 125 is exposed due to the displacement of the linear displacement piston. High-pressure gas enters the gas passage 124, driving the melt disconnection assembly to move along the displacement channel, disconnecting the arc-extinguishing melt, and achieving a complete disconnection of the main circuit.

[0091] Arc extinguishing principle when arc-extinguishing melts are connected in parallel:

[0092] During normal operation, the current mainly flows through the busbar; when the busbar is disconnected, the current flows through the arc-extinguishing melt. Due to the high resistance of the arc-extinguishing melt, it forms a current-limiting effect, which reduces the current flowing through the arc-extinguishing melt. The arc-extinguishing melt then disconnects, and since the break is in the arc-extinguishing medium, the arc is extinguished through the arc-extinguishing medium.

[0093] The arc-extinguishing fuse can be disconnected mechanically or by a combination of mechanical and melting methods. When there is an overload current in the main circuit and the overload current is small, the arc-extinguishing fuse accumulates heat energy for a longer time, and the arc-extinguishing fuse is disconnected mechanically. When the overload current is large, the arc-extinguishing fuse accumulates heat energy for a shorter time, and the arc-extinguishing fuse melts first and then disconnects mechanically.

[0094] The conditions for the excitation source to receive the trigger signal are: overload current, short-circuit current, or other situations requiring active disconnection of the main circuit. The trigger signal can be sent by the user-end control system or by an internal trigger circuit. The internal trigger circuit collects current / current signals from the busbar; when the collected signal exceeds a set threshold, the internal trigger circuit sends the trigger signal. Whether to design an internal trigger circuit depends on the design requirements of the excitation fuse.

[0095] In this invention, since the excitation source, piston structure, fuse structure, etc. are all located in the housing on the same side of the busbar, the space inside the housing is fully utilized, the space utilization rate of the housing is improved, and at the same time, structural support components are saved, making the structure simpler, more compact, and smaller in size.

[0096] The housing 100 is formed by splicing together at least two sub-housing structures. In some embodiments, the busbar 107 and the sub-housing structure at the end of the housing 100 away from the excitation source are integrally injection molded. See [reference needed] Figure 15 The busbar is embedded in the sub-shell structure, forming a circular cavity in the sub-shell structure. The busbar 107 disconnected part 107a is located in the circular cavity.

[0097] In the above embodiments, the function of the piston structure is achieved through a combination of a linear displacement piston and a rotary piston; in some embodiments, the piston structure may only require a rotary piston to achieve rotation. See also... Figure 16 The piston structure includes a helical air passage piston 127 and a rotary piston 126. The helical air passage piston 127 and the rotary piston 126 can be independent parts connected together, or they can be integrally connected. The helical air passage piston 127 is positioned towards the excitation source. The rotary piston 126 has a structure similar to... Figures 1 to 13 Compared to the structure of the rotary piston 114, since there is no linear displacement piston, it is not necessary to open a drive notch 118 on the outer circumferential surface of the rotary piston 126. The outer circumference of the helical rotary piston 127 has several helical blades evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, forming a helical air passage between adjacent helical blades. The helical air passage piston 127 is disposed in the cavity of the housing 100 and contacts the inner wall of the cavity of the housing 100, ensuring that the high-pressure gas released by the excitation source flows through the helical air passage. When the high-pressure gas released by the excitation source passes through the helical air passage, the airflow acts on the helical blades on the rotary piston, which is equivalent to acting on the inclined structure, driving the rotary piston 126 to rotate, causing the rotary piston to rotate and cut off the busbar. The number of helical blades is preferably 4-10, and the helix angle is preferably 30° to 60°, or it can be set as a gradual process of 30° to 60°.

[0098] In the aforementioned piston structure, a limiting structure is provided between the piston structure and the inner wall of the housing cavity to define the initial position of the piston structure. The limiting structure can be achieved by creating a notch in the inner wall of the housing cavity and a protrusion on the outer periphery of the piston structure, with the protrusion and notch nesting together to achieve limiting; alternatively, the initial position can be defined by close contact between the piston structure and the inner wall of the housing cavity, or by an interference fit. When the limiting flange abuts against the limiting step structure, the rotating piston is limited by the limiting step structure.

Claims

1. An excitation fuse structure, characterized in that, The device includes a housing with a cavity between its two ends. A busbar passes through the cavity, with both ends of the busbar located outside the housing. An excitation source and a piston structure are disposed within the cavity, with the piston structure corresponding to the busbar. One end of the piston facing the busbar is located at the portion of the busbar to be disconnected within the cavity. The cavity between the end of the piston structure away from the busbar and the end of the excitation source that releases driving force is connected. When the excitation source releases driving force, driving the piston structure to move, the end of the piston structure facing the busbar rotates or undergoes linear displacement while simultaneously rotating, causing the portion of the busbar to be disconnected to detach from the busbar body. The piston rotates along with the portion of the busbar to be disconnected, thus insulating the portion of the busbar to be disconnected from the busbar body.

2. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limiting structure is provided between the end of the piston structure facing the busbar and the inner wall of the housing cavity; the limiting structure limits the initial position of the end of the piston structure facing the busbar, or the limiting structure limits the linear displacement distance of the end of the piston structure facing the busbar.

3. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, A limiting flange structure is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the piston structure facing the busbar, and a limiting step structure is provided on the inner wall of the cavity of the housing. The limiting flange structure is located on the side of the limiting step structure facing the excitation source. When the piston structure is in its initial position, the limiting flange structure and the limiting step structure are in contact to form the limiting structure, or a displacement gap is maintained between the limiting flange structure and the limiting step structure. When the piston structure moves linearly towards the busbar, the limiting flange structure and the limiting step structure are in contact to form the limiting structure.

4. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The piston structure includes a linear displacement piston and a rotary piston. The linear displacement piston is positioned towards the excitation source, and the rotary piston is positioned towards the busbar. One end of the rotary piston facing the busbar is located at the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected. The rotary piston has an inclined surface structure. A limiting structure is provided between the rotary piston and the inner wall of the housing cavity. When the excitation source releases driving force, it drives the linear displacement piston to collide with the inclined surface structure of the rotary piston and move linearly, thereby driving the rotary piston to rotate, or to move linearly and rotate simultaneously.

5. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The linear displacement piston has an inclined surface structure at one end facing the rotary piston that mates with the inclined surface structure of the rotary piston. In the initial position, there is a distance between the inclined surface structures of the linear displacement piston and the rotary piston that allows for linear displacement of the linear displacement piston. When the linear displacement piston moves linearly, the distance between the inclined surface structures of the linear displacement piston and the rotary piston gradually decreases, driving the rotary piston to rotate, or rotating while moving linearly.

6. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer peripheral surface of the rotating piston facing the linear displacement piston has a driving notch, and the driving notch has the inclined structure; the linear displacement piston has a driving structure inserted into the driving notch at the end facing the rotating piston, and the driving structure has the inclined structure. When the linear displacement piston moves, the driving structure enters the driving notch, and the driving structure and the inclined structure of the driving notch move relative to each other in an abutting manner, causing the rotating piston to rotate, or to rotate while performing linear displacement.

7. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inclined plane structure is a spiral inclined plane structure.

8. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, A linear guide structure is provided between the linear displacement piston and the inner wall of the housing cavity.

9. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The piston structure has several spaced rotating blades on its outer peripheral surface facing the excitation source. A rotating air passage is formed between two adjacent rotating blades, and the rotating blades are in contact with the inner wall of the cavity of the housing.

10. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The piston structure is either a separate structure or an integral structure, with one end having the rotating blade and the other end located at the disconnection position of the busbar. When it is a separate structure, the end having the rotating blade and the other end located at the disconnection position of the busbar are fixedly connected.

11. The excitation fuse structure according to any one of claims 7 or 9, characterized in that, The spiral inclined plane structure or rotating blade has a helix angle of 30° to 60°, or a spiral gradual change process of 30° to 60°.

12. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 11, characterized in that, The preferred helix angle is 30° to 45°.

13. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston structure located at one end of the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected has a nested or clamping structure with the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected.

14. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 13, characterized in that, The piston structure is configured with a U-shaped groove on both sides of the end of the busbar that needs to be disconnected, and the clamping structure is formed in the U-shaped groove of the busbar that needs to be disconnected.

15. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 14, characterized in that, The pin passes through the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected and is inserted into the bottom of the U-shaped groove structure, thus fixing the end of the piston structure facing the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected to the part of the busbar that needs to be disconnected.

16. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 13, characterized in that, The piston structure has at least two U-shaped groove structures that are spaced apart on both sides of the end of the busbar to be disconnected. The busbar to be disconnected is configured as a fence-like structure. The fences of the fence-like structure correspond one-to-one with the U-shaped groove structures. The fences are nested in the corresponding U-shaped groove structures to form the nested structure.

17. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 16, characterized in that, A protrusion is provided on at least one side of the U-shaped groove structure. The protrusion is located on one side of the fence. When the piston structure rotates, the protrusion abuts against the side of the fence. There is no fitting gap between the protrusion and the fence or a fitting gap is retained. When a fitting gap is retained, the fitting gap is the same, or each fence and the corresponding U-shaped groove structure retain different fitting gaps.

18. The excitation fuse structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, 12 to 17, characterized in that, The connection between the disconnected portion of the busbar and the main body is provided with a fracture-resistant structure to reduce mechanical strength.

19. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 18, characterized in that, The fragile structure is a polygonal hollow structure.

20. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fuse structure connected in parallel to the busbar is provided in the housing outside the displacement path of the piston structure.

21. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 20, characterized in that, When the piston structure has a linear displacement, the fuse mechanism includes an arc-extinguishing medium, an arc-extinguishing melt, a displacement channel, and a melt cutting assembly. The displacement channel is disposed in the arc-extinguishing medium, and the melt passes through the arc-extinguishing medium and the displacement channel and is connected in parallel with the busbar. One end of the melt cutting assembly acts on the melt located in the displacement channel, and the other end away from the melt is connected to the cavity where the excitation source drive release end is located through an air passage. In the initial position, the piston structure closes the air passage. When the piston structure undergoes a linear displacement and disconnects the busbar, the air passage is opened, and the melt cutting assembly disconnects the arc-extinguishing melt.

22. The excitation fuse structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, 12 to 17, and 19 to 21, characterized in that, The busbar is located at one end of the housing, and the piston structure, the excitation source, and the fuse structure are located on the same side of the busbar.

23. The excitation fuse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shell is formed by splicing together at least two sub-shell structures, and the busbar is integrally formed with the sub-shell structure in which it is located.

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