Miniature intramedullary nail

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of intramedullary nail fixation, in particular to a miniature intramedullary nail which comprises a lengthened main nail and a near-end head fixedly arranged at one end of the lengthened main nail, and further comprises a first near-end nail, a second near-end nail, a third near-end nail and a fourth near-end nail, the second near-end nail is inserted into an inclined nail hole in a threaded mode, the inclined nail hole is formed in the end, away from the lengthened main nail, of the near-end head, and the first near-end nail and the second near-end nail are used for fixedly connecting the lengthened main nail to the position between a repaired or reconstructed femoral head and a thighbone in the thighbone reconstruction operation. The proximal end of the lengthened main nail is fixed through the first lag screw or the combination of the first lag screw and the second lag screw or the combination of the first proximal end nail and the second proximal end nail, and can be respectively suitable for femoral neck and distal femur fracture conditions or osteoporosis fracture conditions or femoral head repair and reconstruction conditions; and the applicable fracture condition range of the lengthened main nail is expanded.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to intramedullary nail fixing technical field, especially a kind of micro intramedullary nail. BACKGROUND

[0002] Old people will appear with the increase of age different degrees osteoporosis, slight trauma or fall injury in life all have the probability of leading femoral fracture, and due to osteoporosis and the influence of knock part, the probability of femoral neck and distal femur fracture is far greater than the probability of femoral shaft fracture.

[0003] Due to the relatively large shape difference of femoral neck and distal femur, the existing micro intramedullary nail is designed and produced according to the shape and characteristics of different parts of femur, which leads to small adaptation range of micro intramedullary nail and femoral fracture site, and increases the production cost of manufacturers. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] Therefore, the utility model aims at providing a micro intramedullary nail to solve the problem of small adaptation range of micro intramedullary nail and femoral fracture site.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a micro intramedullary nail, which comprises an elongated main nail and a proximal head fixed to one end of the elongated main nail, and further comprises:

[0006] A first proximal nail threaded and inserted into a straight nail hole provided on the elongated main nail close to the proximal head.

[0007] A second proximal nail threaded and inserted into an inclined nail hole provided on the proximal head away from the elongated main nail, the first proximal nail and the second proximal nail are used to fix and connect the elongated main nail between the repaired or reconstructed femoral head and femur during femur reconstruction surgery.

[0008] The micro intramedullary nail further comprises:

[0009] A first tension screw threaded and inserted into a first nail hole provided on the proximal head, the first tension screw is used to fix and connect the elongated main nail between the broken bone and femur when femoral neck or distal femur is fractured.

[0010] The micro intramedullary nail further comprises:

[0011] A second tension screw threaded and inserted into a second nail hole provided on the proximal head, the second tension screw and the first tension screw are both provided with butt threads, the two butt threads are engaged with each other, and the first tension screw and the second tension screw are used to fix and connect the elongated main nail between the broken bone and femur when osteoporosis patient is fractured.

[0012] Preferably, the micro intramedullary nail further comprises two second screw holes arranged side by side on the elongated main nail away from the one end of the proximal head, a straight insertion screw is threadedly installed in the second screw hole, a first screw hole is arranged on the elongated main nail away from the one end of the proximal head, and an oblique insertion screw is threadedly installed in the first screw hole.

[0013] Preferably, one of the straight insertion screws is located between the other straight insertion screw and the oblique insertion screw, and the tip of the straight insertion screw is away from the tip of the oblique insertion screw.

[0014] Preferably, the first screw hole and the second screw hole are communicated, and the first screw hole and the second screw hole are obliquely arranged on the proximal head.

[0015] Preferably, the first screw hole and the second screw hole are obliquely arranged on the proximal head.

[0016] Preferably, the micro intramedullary nail further comprises a clavicle thread arranged on the first tension screw away from the butt joint thread.

[0017] The micro intramedullary nail has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The first tension screw, the oblique insertion screw and the two straight insertion screws are used for fixing the elongated main nail, so that the broken bone can be fixed and connected on the femur when the femoral neck or the distal end of the femur is fractured, the first tension screw and the second tension screw are used for fixing the elongated main nail when the osteoporosis occurs, the thread contact surfaces between the first tension screw, the second tension screw and the broken bone are used for improving the fixed connection effect between the elongated main nail and the broken bone and the femur, the first proximal nail, the second proximal nail, the oblique insertion screw and the two straight insertion screws are used in cooperation, so that the repaired or artificial femoral head can be fixed and connected with the femur in the femoral head reconstruction surgery, and the first proximal nail or the first proximal nail and the second proximal nail are used for fixing the proximal head of the elongated main nail, so that the femoral neck fracture, the distal end of the femur fracture, the osteoporosis fracture, the femoral head repair and the femoral head reconstruction can be applied, and the range of the fracture conditions applicable to the elongated main nail is expanded. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the prior art description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the utility model, and other drawings can be obtained by the drawings for the ordinary skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0020] Figure 1The utility model discloses a top view of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 The utility model discloses a front half cut of the utility model Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 3 The utility model discloses a front half cut of the utility model Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 4 The utility model discloses a front half cut of the utility model Figure 3 ;

[0024] Figure 5 The utility model discloses a front half cut of the utility model Figure 4 .

[0025] Marked as in the drawing:

[0026] 1, lengthens the main nail, 2, the proximal head, 3, straight nail hole, 4, first nail hole, 5, second nail hole, 6, inclined nail hole, 7, first proximal nail, 8, second proximal nail, 9, first tension screw, 10, second tension screw, 11, butt joint screw thread, 12, collarbone screw thread, 13, first screw hole, 14, inclined insertion screw, 15, second screw hole, 16, straight insertion screw. Specific implementation

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the utility model more clearly and clearly, the following is in combination with specific embodiment, and the utility model is further detailed.

[0028] It is to be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the utility model should be the usual meaning understood by the person skilled in the art to which the utility model belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the utility model do not represent any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "contain" and similar words mean that the elements or objects before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Connection" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connection, but can include electrical connection, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to represent the relative positional relationship, when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0029] As shown in Figures 1 to 5 , a micro intramedullary nail, comprising lengthens the main nail 1 and the proximal head 2 fixed in one end of lengthens the main nail 1, the micro intramedullary nail still includes:

[0030] A first proximal end nail 7 is threaded into a straight nail hole 3 provided on the elongated main nail 1 near the end of the proximal end head 2.

[0031] A second proximal end nail 8 is threaded into an oblique nail hole 6 provided on the proximal end head 2 away from the elongated main nail 1, the first proximal end nail 7 and the second proximal end nail 8 are used to fix and connect the elongated main nail 1 between the femoral head and the femur during femoral reconstruction surgery, the specific operation steps are as follows: first, drill a hole from the repaired or reconstructed femoral head and into the femur, then pass the elongated main nail 1 from the femoral head and insert it into the femur, so that the cross section of the femoral head is attached to the cross section of the femur, then the first proximal end nail 7 is inserted into the oblique nail hole 6 from the outside of the femoral head along the radial direction of the proximal end head 2, and then into the femoral head, the installation steps of the second proximal end nail 8 are consistent with those of the first proximal end nail 7, then the cross section of the repaired or reconstructed femoral head is tightly attached to the cross section of the femur, and finally the elongated main nail 1 is inserted into the femur at one end to be fixed, thus completing the repair or reconstruction of the femoral head.

[0032] The micro intramedullary nail further comprises:

[0033] A first tension screw 9 is threaded into the first nail hole 4 provided on the proximal end head 2, the first tension screw 9 is used to fix and connect the elongated main nail 1 between the broken bone and the femur when the femoral neck or distal femur is fractured, the specific operation steps are as follows: during the operation of the femoral neck or distal femur fracture, first drill a hole from the broken bone and into the femur, then pass the elongated main nail 1 from the drill hole in the broken bone and insert it into the femur, then drill a hole on the broken bone along the axial direction of the first nail hole 4, so that the holes on the outside and inside of the broken bone are located at both ends of the first nail hole 4, then thread the first tension screw 9 into the first nail hole 4 along the axial direction, realize the fixed connection between the broken bone and the elongated main nail 1, then tightly attach the end surface of the broken bone to the cross section of the femur, and finally fix the end of the elongated main nail 1 inserted into the femur to complete the fixed connection operation of the broken bone, that is, to complete the position correction and fixation of the broken bone.

[0034] The micro intramedullary nail further comprises:

[0035] A second tension screw 10 is screwed into the second screw hole 5 on the proximal head 2, the second tension screw 10 and the first tension screw 9 are both provided with an external butt thread 11, the two butt threads 11 are engaged with each other, the first tension screw 9 and the second tension screw 10 are used to fix and connect the lengthened main nail 1 between the fractured bone and the femur when the osteoporosis patient is fractured, the specific operation steps are as follows: first, drill a hole on the fractured bone and drill into the femur to a certain depth, then insert the lengthened main nail 1 into the hole on the fractured bone and into the femur, then drill two corresponding deep holes on the fractured bone along the axial direction of the first screw hole 4 and the second screw hole 5, then screw the first tension screw 9 into the corresponding deep hole and the first screw hole 4, and make the butt thread 11 on the first tension screw 9 face the axis of the second screw hole 5, then screw the second tension screw 10 into the corresponding deep hole and the second screw hole 5, and make the butt thread 11 on the second tension screw 10 engage with the butt thread 11 on the first tension screw 9, thus the fixing operation between the lengthened main nail 1 and the fractured bone is completed, then tightly attach the fractured surface of the fractured bone to the fractured surface of the femur, and finally fix the end of the lengthened main nail 1 inserted into the femur, thus the fractured bone correction and fixing operation is completed, because the osteoporosis femur is relatively fragile, the design of the parallel and close arrangement of the first tension screw 9 and the second tension screw 10 can reduce the influence of drilling on the structural strength of the fractured bone and the femur, increase the threaded connection surface between the first tension screw 9, the second tension screw 10 and the fractured bone, and improve the installation firmness of the two.

[0036] As shown in Figures 1 to 5 , the micro intramedullary nail further comprises two second screw holes 15 arranged in parallel on the end of the lengthened main nail 1 away from the proximal head 2, a straight insertion screw 16 is screwed into each second screw hole 15, and a first screw hole 13 is arranged on the end of the lengthened main nail 1 away from the proximal head 2, and an oblique insertion screw 14 is screwed into the first screw hole 13, thus in the later stage of the fixing operation of the lengthened main nail 1, holes are drilled on the femur and the drilled holes correspond to the first screw hole 13 and the two second screw holes 15 respectively, then the oblique insertion screw 14 is screwed into the corresponding drilled hole on the femur and the first screw hole 13, and the two straight insertion screws 16 are screwed into the corresponding drilled holes on the femur and the second screw holes 15 respectively, thus the complete fixing operation of the lengthened main nail 1 is completed.

[0037] As shown in Figures 3 to 5 , one of the straight insertion screws 16 is located between the other straight insertion screw 16 and the oblique insertion screw 14, and the tip of the straight insertion screw 16 is away from the tip of the oblique insertion screw 14, thus the design can form a triangle between the oblique insertion screw 14, the straight insertion screw 16 close to the oblique insertion screw 14 and the femur, because the triangle has stability, the connection stability and firmness between the lengthened main nail 1 and the femur are improved.

[0038] As shown in Figures 1 to 5The first nail hole 4 and the second nail hole 5 are communicated and are obliquely arranged on the proximal head 2.

[0039] The first nail hole 4 is oppositely and obliquely arranged on the proximal head 2 relative to the oblique nail hole 6, and is located between the oblique nail hole 6 and the second nail hole 5.

[0040] The first tension screw 9 can be used alone or in combination with the second tension screw 10, and is respectively used for femoral neck fracture, distal femoral fracture or osteoporosis femoral fracture. The first tension screw 9 can be used alone to reduce the steps of fixing operation between the broken bone and the lengthened main nail 1. When the first tension screw 9 and the second tension screw 10 are used together, the first tension screw 9 is installed first, then the second tension screw 10 is installed, and the butt threads 11 on the two are engaged with each other, which can improve the connection tightness between the two, increase the thread connection surface between the two and the broken bone, and reduce the influence of drilling on the strength of the broken bone structure, thereby avoiding the drilling of the osteoporosis broken bone.

[0041] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 The micro intramedullary nail further comprises a locking thread 12 arranged on the first tension screw 9 and away from the butt thread 11. In this way, the thread engagement surface between the first tension screw 9 and the broken bone is increased, thereby improving the installation firmness of the first tension screw 9.

[0042] Working principle: during operation, first drill the first reserved hole for installing the lengthened main nail 1 on the broken bone and the femur, then select different fixed nails according to the different fracture conditions, if the femoral neck or distal femur fracture condition, select the first tension screw 9, make the lengthened main nail 1 pass through the broken bone and insert the end far from the proximal head 2 into the femur, then drill the second reserved hole on the broken bone corresponding to the position of the first nail hole 4, then threadedly insert the first tension screw 9 between the second reserved hole and the first nail hole 4, so as to complete the fixed connection between the broken bone and the proximal head 2, if the femoral neck or distal femur fracture condition of osteoporosis, drill the third reserved hole on the above broken bone, so that the third reserved hole corresponds to the second nail hole 5, so as to additionally install the second tension screw 10, and make the butt joint thread 11 on the first tension screw 9 engage with the butt joint thread 11 on the second tension screw 10, so as to improve the connection firmness and stability between the two, and increase the threaded connection surface between the first tension screw 9 and the broken bone through the locking thread 12 on the first tension screw 9, so as to further improve the installation firmness of the first tension screw 9, if the femur condition is femoral head repair or reconstruction condition, the first proximal nail 7 and the second proximal nail 8 need to be selected, before installation, two reserved installation holes corresponding to the straight nail hole 3 and the inclined nail hole 6 need to be drilled on the broken bone, then the first proximal nail 7 and the second proximal nail 8 are respectively installed between the corresponding reserved installation hole and the straight nail hole 3 or the inclined nail hole 6, after the proximal head 2 fixing operation is completed, the broken surface of the broken bone is tightly attached to the broken surface of the femur, then three reserved drill holes corresponding to the first screw hole 13 and the two second screw holes 15 are drilled on the femur, then the inclined insertion screw 14 and the two straight insertion screws 16 are respectively inserted into the corresponding reserved drill hole and the first screw hole 13 or the second screw hole 15, so as to complete the correction and fixed connection operation between the broken bone and the femur, and the lengthened main nail 1 can be applied to a wider range of fracture conditions.

[0043] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above discussion of any embodiment is only exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present application (including the claims) is limited to these examples; under the idea of the present application, the above embodiments or technical features in different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes of different aspects of the present application as described above, which are not provided in details for the sake of brevity.

[0044] The present application is intended to cover all such alternatives, modifications, and variations as fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, any and all such alternatives, modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like are intended to be encompassed by the present application.

Claims

1. A miniature intramedullary nail comprising an elongated main nail (1) and a proximal head (2) fixed to one end of the elongated main nail (1), characterized in that, The micro intramedullary nail further comprises: a first proximal nail (7) threaded into a straight nail hole (3) provided on the elongated main nail (1) near one end of the proximal head (2); a second proximal nail (8) threaded into an oblique nail hole (6) provided on the proximal head (2) away from one end of the elongated main nail (1), the first proximal nail (7) and the second proximal nail (8) being used to fix and connect the elongated main nail (1) between the repaired or reconstructed femoral head and the femur during femoral reconstruction surgery; The micro intramedullary nail further comprises: a first tension screw (9) threaded into a first nail hole (4) provided on the proximal head (2), the first tension screw (9) being used to fix and connect the elongated main nail (1) between the broken bone and the femur when the femoral neck or distal femur is fractured; The micro intramedullary nail further comprises: a second tension screw (10) threaded into a second nail hole (5) provided on the proximal head (2), the second tension screw (10) and the first tension screw (9) both being provided with a docking thread (11), the two docking threads (11) being engaged with each other, the first tension screw (9) and the second tension screw (10) being used to fix and connect the elongated main nail (1) between the broken bone and the femur when the osteoporotic patient is fractured.

2. The miniature intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that The micro intramedullary nail further comprises two second nail holes (15) provided side by side on the elongated main nail (1) away from one end of the proximal head (2), a straight insertion screw (16) being threadedly installed in the second nail hole (15), a first nail hole (13) being provided on the elongated main nail (1) away from one end of the proximal head (2), and an oblique insertion screw (14) being threadedly installed in the first nail hole (13).

3. The intramedullary naii as in claim 2, wherein, One of the straight insertion screws (16) is located between the other straight insertion screw (16) and the oblique insertion screw (14), and the tip of the straight insertion screw (16) is away from the tip of the oblique insertion screw (14).

4. The miniature intramedullary nail of claim 3, wherein, The first nail hole (4) and the second nail hole (5) are communicated, and the first nail hole (4) and the second nail hole (5) are inclinedly provided on the proximal head (2).

5. The miniature intramedullary nail of claim 4, wherein, The first nail hole (4) and the oblique nail hole (6) are oppositely and obliquely distributed on the proximal head (2), and the first nail hole (4) is located between the oblique nail hole (6) and the second nail hole (5).

6. The miniature intramedullary nail of claim 5, wherein, The micro intramedullary nail further comprises a clavicle thread (12) provided on the first tension screw (9) away from the docking thread (11).

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