Tablet unlocking device

Abstract

The utility model provides a flat unlocking device, a main body of the flat unlocking device is connected to a fixing structure, a separation block is connected with a separation structure, the separation block is inserted into a base and limited by a limiting sliding block, the other end of the limiting sliding block is provided with an SMA wire-spring driver, and the SMA wire-spring driver is composed of an SMA wire and a bias spring. In the locking state, the bias spring presses the limiting sliding block to clamp the separation block, and reliable connection is ensured. When unlocking is needed, the SMA wire is electrified and heated, the limiting sliding block is pulled to be separated from the separation block, so that constraint on the separation block is relieved, the separation block is separated from the base under the action of an external load of the separation structure, and the separation structure is separated from the fixing structure. The locking device is simple in structure, locking is achieved in a mechanical clamping mode, unlocking is triggered through the SMA wire-spring driver, and the locking reliability and the unlocking reliability are high; in the unlocking process, the impact force is small, the driving force is large, the connecting adaptability of the locking device and the fixing structure is high, and the application range is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical connection and unlocking technology, and in particular to a smart unlocking device driven by memory metal. Background Technology

[0002] During the operation of an aircraft, it is necessary to constrain a certain state or some components. Once a specified working condition is reached, the constraint is released according to the command. For example, the spacecraft's space deployment mechanism, the aircraft bomb safety device, and the flight parameter recorder release device require two operations: reliable locking of the structural connection state and timely unlocking when separation is required. This function is realized by the unlocking device.

[0003] Traditional unlocking devices mostly rely on explosive bolts (also known as pyrotechnic bolts) and paraffin actuators to achieve locking and unlocking functions. Explosive bolts generate significant impact and cause pollution during unlocking, which can severely affect aircraft attitude control and precision equipment. Furthermore, as disposable unlocking devices, explosive bolts cannot be directly tested and verified, and there is a possibility of accidental ignition, thus limiting their reliability. Paraffin actuators have low impact force and are reusable, but their output force is low, and they are complex in structure, slow in operation, and have low output efficiency.

[0004] In recent years, intelligent unlocking devices such as shape memory metal unlockers have seen rapid development and are increasingly used due to their advantages such as low impact force, no pollution, and reusability. However, existing shape memory metal unlockers generally suffer from problems such as complex structure, low power-to-weight ratio, high processing and assembly requirements, and low interface compatibility, resulting in insufficient security and high cost. Their application is particularly limited in fields with high requirements for safety and cost, such as aircraft bomb insurance and flight parameter recorder disposal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an unlocking device with a simple and compact structure, low unlocking impact, and high reliability. It achieves locking through mechanical locking and triggers unlocking and separation using an SMA wire-spring structure.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a flat plate unlocking device, which mainly includes a base, a separating block, a limiting slider, and an SMA wire-spring actuator. The main body of the unlocking device is connected to the fixed structure, and the separating block is connected to the separating structure. The separating block is inserted into the cylindrical groove of the base and is limited by the limiting slider. The other end of the limiting slider is connected to the SMA wire-spring actuator. In the locked state, the spring presses the limiting slider to lock the separating block, ensuring a reliable connection between the separating structure and the fixed structure. When unlocking is required, the SMA wire is energized and heated, pulling the limiting slider away from the separating block, thereby releasing the constraint on the separating block. Under the action of the external load of the separating structure, the separating block detaches from the base, and the separating structure is separated from the fixed structure.

[0007] Further, the limiting slide block limits the separation block by mechanical clamping, a lock tongue is arranged on the limiting slide block, and a limiting table is arranged on the separation block, and in the locked state, the lock tongue is clamped on the limiting table, so that the reliable connection of the separation structure and the fixed structure is ensured.

[0008] Further, the base is provided with a separation block mounting groove and an SMA wire end head fixing groove, which are used for accommodating the separation block and fixing the SMA wire respectively.

[0009] Further, the base is provided with a biasing spring mounting groove, and the limiting slide block is provided with a spring mounting groove, both of which are U-shaped grooves and are oppositely arranged and used for supporting the biasing spring.

[0010] Further, the biasing spring is a pre-compressed spring, which can provide sufficient spring force to push the limiting slide block to clamp the separation block in the locked state, so that the reliable locking is ensured.

[0011] Further, the SMA wire has two arrangement modes: one is parallel arrangement of two wires, one end of each wire is fixed on the limiting slide block, and the other end is fixed on the base, and the two wires are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the biasing spring, so that a large and symmetrical pulling force can be provided when unlocking to overcome the spring force of the biasing spring; the other is V-shaped arrangement, and only one end of the SMA wire is fixed on the base, and the other end is folded back on the limiting slide block, so that the stress of the biasing spring and the limiting slide block always remains axial, and as long as one SMA wire normally works, reliable driving and unlocking can be ensured. The arrangement path of the SMA wire is insulated between the base and the limiting slide block.

[0012] Further, the SMA wire is arranged in two layers, so that the non-axial force in the driving process of the SMA wire can be completely eliminated.

[0013] In addition, the flat plate unlocking device further comprises a cover, and an installation edge connected with the fixed structure is arranged on the outer edge of the cover; the cover is made of high-strength aluminum alloy or stainless steel, and can withstand a large impact and vibration load, so that the locking device can be reliably connected with the fixed structure under complex working conditions. The base and the cover are assembled together by screws.

[0014] Compared with the locking device of the prior art, the flat plate unlocking device has the advantages that the structure is simple, the parts are few, the locking is realized by a simple mechanical clamping mode, the unlocking is triggered by a mature SMA wire-spring driver, the reliability of locking and unlocking is high, the directions of the forces of the SMA wire and the biasing spring are completely perpendicular to the separation direction of the separation structure, so that the impact force in the unlocking process is small, the SMA wire arranged in a V shape can further improve the driving force and the unlocking reliability, and the connection of the locking device and the fixed structure has high adaptability, so that the locking device can be applied to various locking and separation scenes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Figure 3 is a sectional view of the locking state of the unlocking device of the present application;

[0016] Figure 2 Figure 4 is a sectional view of the unlocking state of the unlocking device of the present application;

[0017] Figure 3 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the external shape of the unlocking device of the present application;

[0018] Figure 4 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base of the present application;

[0019] Figure 5 Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper cover of the present application;

[0020] Figure 6 Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separation block of the present application;

[0021] Figure 7 Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting sliding block of the present application;

[0022] Figure 8 Figure 10 is a plan view of the unlocking device of the present application in the locked state.

[0023] Meaning of the reference signs in the drawings:

[0024] 1. base; 2. separation block; 3. limiting sliding block; 4. biasing spring; 5. SMA wire; 6. insulating piece; 7. upper cover; 8. connecting screw; 9. wire; 10. separation structure; 101. separation block mounting groove; 102. sliding block movement track; 103. biasing spring mounting groove; 104. SMA wire end fixing groove; 105. threaded hole; 201. connecting thread; 202. limiting platform; 203. circular arc chamfer; 301. locking tongue; 302. insulating mounting groove; 303. spring mounting groove; 304. SMA wire mounting hole; 701. separation block mounting hole; 702. counterbore; 703. flange mounting edge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0026] The present application provides a flat panel unlocking device, the overall structure of which is shown in Figures 1-3 The unlocking device main body is connected to a fixed structure, the separation structure 10 is connected to the separation block 2 through the connecting screw 8, the separation block 2 is a cylindrical structure with a limiting step, is inserted into a cylindrical groove on the base 1, and is limited by the limiting sliding block 3, the other end of the limiting sliding block 3 is connected to the SMA wire-spring driver composed of the biasing spring 4 and the SMA wire 5. In the locked state Figure 1), the pre-compressed bias spring 4 presses the limit slide block 3 to clamp the separation block 2, so that the separation structure 10 and the fixed structure are reliably connected; when unlocking is needed, the SMA wire 5 is powered through the wire 9, the SMA wire 5 shrinks under heat, the limit slide block 3 is pulled to be separated from the separation block 2, so that the constraint on the separation block 2 is released, under the action of the external load of the separation structure 10, the separation block 2 is separated from the base 1, and the unlocking is completed Figure 2 ).

[0027] The base 1 and the upper cover 7 provide overall support and positioning, the structure of the base 1 is shown in Figure 4 , which is a flat plate, the left end of the base 1 is provided with a longitudinal cylindrical separation block mounting groove 101, the middle part of the rectangular groove region is provided with a U-shaped bias spring mounting groove 103, the left side region of the bias spring mounting groove 103 is a slide block movement track 102, and the right end of the base 1 is provided with an SMA wire end fixing groove 104. The structure of the upper cover 7 is shown in Figure 5 , which is a rectangular shell structure, the left end of the upper cover 7 is provided with a separation block mounting hole 701 corresponding to the separation block mounting groove 101; the outer part is provided with a flange mounting edge 703 for fixing the unlocking device. In addition, the base 1 and the upper cover 7 are also respectively provided with a threaded hole 105 and a countersunk hole 702 for connecting the base 1 and the upper cover 7 through screws.

[0028] The separation block 2 is in a whole cylindrical shape, the structure of the separation block 2 is shown in Figure 6 , the upper and lower edges of the separation block 2 are provided with circular arc chamfers 203, so that the separation block 2 can smoothly slide in and out of the separation block mounting groove 101; the center hole of the separation block 2 is provided with a connecting thread 201 matched with the connecting bolt 8 for connecting the separation structure 10; one side of the upper end of the separation block 2 is provided with a notch, i.e. a limit table 202, which is used for cooperating with the limit structure of the limit slide block 3, so that the limit slide block 3 limits the separation block 2.

[0029] The structure of the limit slide block 3 is shown in Figure 7 , the left end of the limit slide block 3 is a thin limit structure, i.e. a lock tongue 301, the right end of the limit slide block 3 is provided with a spring mounting groove 303 for supporting the bias spring 4, the limit slide block 3 is internally provided with an SMA wire mounting hole 304, the SMA wire mounting hole 304 is a through hole, which extends horizontally from the right end surface of the limit slide block 3 to the insulating mounting groove 302 in the middle part of the limit slide block 3.

[0030] The left end of the bias spring 4 is supported on the spring mounting groove 303 of the limit slide block 3, and the right end of the bias spring 4 is supported in the bias spring mounting groove 103 of the base 1, in the locked state, the bias spring 4 is in a compressed state, so as to press the limit slide block 3, thereby ensuring that the separation block 2 is reliably constrained.

[0031] The two SMA wires 5 are arranged in parallel, and the left ends of the SMA wires 5 are fixed in the insulating installation groove 302 through the SMA wire installation holes 304 of the limiting sliding block 3, and the right ends are fixed in the SMA wire end fixing groove 104 of the base 1, so that a large and symmetrical pulling force can be provided when unlocking, the spring force of the biasing spring 4 can be overcome, the locking tongue 301 of the limiting sliding block 3 is pulled away from the limiting table 202 of the separation block 2, and thus the constraint on the separation block 2 is released.

[0032] Further, the four SMA wires 5 are arranged in parallel, including two layers, and the two layers are arranged in parallel and symmetrically relative to the biasing spring 4 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, so that the non-axial driving force can be completely eliminated, and the two layers are backup for each other, and the reliability of the unlocking driving is improved.

[0033] Preferably, the SMA wires 5 can also be arranged in a V-shaped manner, as shown in the figure. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the SMA wire 5 penetrates from the through hole in the SMA wire end fixing groove 104 of the base 1, penetrates through the SMA wire installation hole 304 on the limiting sliding block 3, penetrates out of the insulating installation groove 302 and is folded back, penetrates out of another SMA wire end fixing groove 104 after passing through another SMA wire installation hole 304, and is fixed, the SMA wire 5 is arranged with an insulating arc 6 at the folded-back position, the insulating arc 6 is an arc-shaped insulating piece arranged in the insulating installation groove, and is used for guiding the folded-back position of the SMA wire 5 to smoothly transition along the arc, so as to ensure that the SMA wire 5 drives smoothly and supplies power safely. The V-shaped SMA wire 5 can ensure that the driving force is always in the axial direction of the biasing spring 4, and prevents the spring and the limiting sliding block from being tilted and stuck due to the lateral force, thereby causing unlocking failure.

[0034] Further, the two layers of V-shaped SMA wires 5 are arranged in parallel, so that the non-axial driving force can be completely eliminated, and the two layers are backup for each other, and the reliability of the unlocking driving is improved.

[0035] The base 1, the separation block 2, the limiting sliding block 3 and the upper cover 7 are made of high-strength aluminum alloy or stainless steel material; the SMA wire 5 is made of an alloy material with excellent shape memory performance and mechanical properties, such as nickel-titanium alloy. The spring force of the biasing spring 4 is accurately calculated and adjusted, so that sufficient pre-tightening force can be provided in the locked state, and the smooth sliding of the limiting sliding block 3 is not hindered in the unlocking process; the insulating arc 6 is made of a material with good insulating performance.

[0036] It should be noted that the above expressions related to the orientation, such as "left", "right", "up", "down", etc., are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship when the utility model product is usually placed, and are only for the convenience of description, not indicating or implying that the parts involved must have a specific orientation, structure or operation.

[0037] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not used to limit the utility model, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A tablet unlocking device, characterized in that, The unlocking device comprises a base (1), a separation block (2), a limiting sliding block (3) and an SMA wire-spring driver, the unlocking device body is connected to a fixed structure, the separation block (2) is connected to a separation structure, the separation block (2) is inserted into a separation block mounting groove (101) of the base (1) and is limited by the limiting sliding block (3), the other end of the limiting sliding block (3) is provided with the SMA wire-spring driver, the SMA wire-spring driver is composed of an SMA wire (5) and a bias spring (4), the bias spring (4) is supported between the base (1) and the limiting sliding block (3), and the SMA wire is fixed between the base (1) and the limiting sliding block (3); In the locked state, the pre-compressed bias spring (4) presses the limiting sliding block (3) to block the separation block (2), so that the separation structure and the fixed structure are reliably connected; when unlocking is needed, the SMA wire (5) is powered and heated to pull the limiting sliding block (3) away from the separation block (2), so that the separation block (2) is released, and under the action of an external load of the separation structure, the separation block (2) is separated from the base (1), and the separation structure and the fixed structure are separated.

2. The tablet unlocking apparatus of claim 1, wherein: One end of the SMA wire (5) is connected to the limiting sliding block (3), and the other end is fixed in an SMA wire end fixing groove (104) on the base (1); the SMA wire (5) is arranged in parallel in two roots and is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bias spring (4), so that the force of the bias spring (4) and the limiting sliding block (3) remains axial.

3. The tablet unlocking apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The SMA wire (5) is arranged in a V shape, both ends are fixed in the SMA wire end fixing groove (104), and the middle is folded back at the insulating mounting groove (302) of the limiting sliding block (3), so that the force of the bias spring (4) and the limiting sliding block (3) always remains axial.

4. The tablet unlocking apparatus of claim 3, wherein: An insulating arc (6) is mounted in the insulating mounting groove (302), the insulating arc (6) is an arc-shaped insulating part, the SMA wire (5) is folded back from the insulating arc (6), and the SMA wire (5) is ensured to drive smoothly and safely.

5. The flat-panel unlocking apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized by: The SMA wire (5) is arranged in two layers.

6. The tablet unlocking apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The base (1) is provided with a bias spring mounting groove (103), and the limiting sliding block (3) is provided with a spring mounting groove (303), both of which are U-shaped grooves and are oppositely arranged to support the bias spring (4).

7. The tablet unlocking apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The limiting sliding block (3) limits the separation block (2) in a mechanical clamping manner, the limiting sliding block (3) is provided with a lock tongue (301), the separation block (2) is provided with a limiting table (202), and in the locked state, the lock tongue (301) is clamped on the limiting table (202), so that the separation structure and the fixed structure are reliably connected.

8. The tablet unlocking apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The flat plate unlocking device further comprises an upper cover (7), and the outer edge of the upper cover (7) is provided with a mounting edge connected to the fixed structure.

9. The tablet unlocking apparatus of claim 8, wherein: The base (1) is provided with a threaded hole (105), the upper cover (7) is provided with a countersunk hole (702), and the base (1) and the upper cover (7) are assembled together by screws.

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