Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module comprises a panel, a back plate, a battery piece layer and a first packaging adhesive film layer, the back plate and the panel are arranged in a stacked mode, the battery piece layer is located between the panel and the back plate, the first packaging adhesive film layer is located between the battery piece layer and the panel, an anti-reflection layer is arranged between the panel and the first packaging adhesive film layer, anti-reflection textures are formed on the surface of the anti-reflection layer, and the anti-reflection textures are arranged on the surface of the anti-reflection layer. A frosted color layer is arranged on the side, away from the first packaging adhesive film layer, of the panel, and the frosted color layer is a light-transmitting layer. Thus, the frosted color layer enables the panel to form a fine concave-convex surface structure, reflection of solar rays on the panel can be reduced, the incidence amount of the solar rays is improved, the generating capacity of solar energy is increased, the light pollution phenomenon of a building is reduced, meanwhile, the color brightness of the panel can be increased, and the attractiveness of the photovoltaic module is improved. In addition, the anti-reflection texture can form a light trapping structure, the transmittance of light on the panel is improved, the reflectivity is reduced, and meanwhile the panel is stably connected with the first packaging adhesive film layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing prominence of severe issues such as energy shortages and climate emissions, countries worldwide are paying more and more attention to clean, pollution-free renewable energy sources. Solar energy is an inexhaustible and green energy source. Currently, photovoltaic (PV) power generation has a wide range of applications, and building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is gradually becoming a trend, with residential rooftops being the main application area for distributed PV. Among related technologies, PV modules have high reflectivity, which can cause significant light pollution, and their aesthetics are also relatively poor. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model provides a photovoltaic module.

[0004] The photovoltaic module of this application includes a panel, a backsheet, a cell layer, and a first encapsulating film layer. The backsheet and the panel are stacked together, the cell layer is located between the panel and the backsheet, the first encapsulating film layer is located between the cell layer and the panel, an anti-reflection layer is provided between the panel and the first encapsulating film layer, the surface of the anti-reflection layer is formed with an anti-reflection texture, and a frosted color layer is provided on the side of the panel away from the first encapsulating film layer. The frosted color layer is a light-transmitting layer.

[0005] Thus, the frosted color layer creates a finely textured surface structure on the panel, reducing sunlight reflection and increasing the amount of sunlight incident, thereby increasing solar power generation and reducing light pollution from buildings. It also increases the panel's color brightness, enhancing the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, the anti-reflective texture creates a light-trapping structure, increasing light transmittance and reducing reflectivity, while simultaneously ensuring a stable bond between the panel and the first encapsulating film layer.

[0006] In some embodiments, the cell layer includes multiple cell strings connected in series, each cell string includes multiple cells, and all cells in each cell string are connected in series via solder strips.

[0007] In some embodiments, the solder strip includes a plurality of first solder segments and at least one second solder segment. The first solder segment is connected to a corresponding solar cell, and the second solder segment connects two adjacent first solder segments along a first direction. The second solder segment is located between two adjacent solar cells and spans the stacked area of ​​the two adjacent solar cells. The second solder segment is flat.

[0008] In some implementations, the light transmittance of the frosted color layer is greater than that of the panel.

[0009] In some implementations, the antireflective texture includes a plurality of protrusions distributed on the surface of the antireflective layer.

[0010] In some implementations, the thickness of the panel is 0.18mm-0.3mm.

[0011] In some implementations, the back panel has less light transmittance than the front panel.

[0012] In some implementations, the thickness of the backplate is 0.18 mm to 0.4 mm.

[0013] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module includes a second encapsulating film layer located between the cell layer and the backsheet.

[0014] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first encapsulating film layer and / or the second encapsulating film layer is 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention when the front side is facing upwards;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic module with the back side facing up according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a side view of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a partial schematic diagram of the welding strip according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, photovoltaic module; 10, panel; 20, backsheet; 30, cell layer; 31, cell string; 32, cell; 33, solder ribbon; 34, first solder section; 35, second solder section; 36, stacked area; 40, first encapsulating film layer; 50, antireflective layer; 60, frosted color layer; 70, second encapsulating film layer. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows for communication; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0028] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of this invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided in this invention, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0029] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The photovoltaic module 100 of this application includes a panel 10, a backsheet 20, a cell layer 30, and a first encapsulating film layer 40. The backsheet 20 and the panel 10 are stacked together. The cell layer 30 is located between the panel 10 and the backsheet 20. The first encapsulating film layer 40 is located between the cell layer 30 and the panel 10. An anti-reflection layer 50 is provided between the panel 10 and the first encapsulating film layer 40. An anti-reflection texture is formed on the surface of the anti-reflection layer 50. A frosted color layer 60 is provided on the side of the panel 10 away from the first encapsulating film layer 40. The frosted color layer 60 is a light-transmitting layer.

[0030] Thus, the frosted color layer 60 creates a finely textured surface structure on the panel 10, reducing the reflection of sunlight on the panel 10, thereby increasing the amount of sunlight incident, increasing solar power generation, and reducing light pollution from buildings. It also increases the color brightness of the panel 10, thus improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module 100. Furthermore, the anti-reflective texture forms a light-trapping structure to increase the transmittance of light on the panel 10, reduce reflectivity, and simultaneously ensure a stable connection between the panel 10 and the first encapsulating film layer 40.

[0031] Specifically, a photovoltaic module 100 refers to a smallest indivisible photovoltaic cell assembly that is encapsulated and internally connected, capable of providing DC power output independently. It is a device that converts light energy into electrical energy. Many materials can produce the photovoltaic effect, such as monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, gallium arsenide, and copper indium selenide. When light shines on the surface of the photovoltaic module 100, some photons are absorbed by the silicon material. The energy of the photons is transferred to silicon atoms, causing electrons to transition and become free electrons that accumulate on both sides of the PN junction, thus forming a potential difference. When an external circuit is connected, under the influence of this voltage, current will flow through the external circuit, generating a certain output power.

[0032] The solar cell layer 30 can receive light and convert solar energy into electrical energy. The front panel 10 is located on the front of the solar cell layer 30, and the back panel 20 is located on the back of the solar cell layer 30. The front of the solar cell layer 30 refers to the main light-receiving surface of the solar cell layer 30, and the back is the surface opposite to the front of the solar cell layer 30.

[0033] The panel 10 and backsheet 20 constitute the outermost layer of the photovoltaic module 100, serving to seal, insulate, and protect the cell layer 30, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the photovoltaic module 100. The panel 10 and backsheet 20 protect the cell layer 30 from damage caused by climate changes, such as high temperatures, low temperatures, rain, or hail. They also protect the cell layer 30 from damage during transportation due to collisions, effectively improving the photovoltaic module 100's ability to withstand harsh environments.

[0034] Anti-reflective textures can be formed through roughening treatments such as chemical etching and physical abrasion. These textures can be formed on the surface of panel 10 facing the first encapsulating film layer 40, or on the surface of anti-reflective layer 50 facing panel 10. Matte or frosted enamels can be selected, and various processes such as coating, screen printing, and digital printing can be used to form a frosted colored layer 60 on the surface of panel 10 away from the first encapsulating film layer 40.

[0035] The battery cell layer 30 and the panel 10 can be connected and fixed by the first encapsulating film layer 40, realizing the lamination and encapsulation of the battery cell layer 30 and the panel 10 to form a stable and reliable structure. In addition, the first encapsulating film layer 40 can act as a buffer between the panel 10 and the battery cell layer 30 to prevent breakage due to lamination. The first encapsulating film layer 40 can be made of one of EVA, POE, or EPE materials.

[0036] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the battery cell layer 30 includes a plurality of battery strings 31 connected in series, each battery string 31 includes a plurality of battery cells 32, and all the battery cells 32 in each battery string 31 are connected in series by solder ribbons 33.

[0037] In this way, connecting multiple solar cells 32 in series can improve the efficiency of the solar cell layer 30, thereby increasing the utilization rate of solar energy.

[0038] Specifically, the solar cell 32 is preferably one of the following: XBC, MWT, or shingled solar cells without metal grid lines, where both positive and negative metal electrodes are led out from the back side. A secondary preference is a solar cell 32 with grid lines on both the front and back sides, such as PERC, TOPCON, or HJT. This maintains the consistency of the appearance of the solar cell layer 30, preventing metal grid lines and metal electrodes from affecting the front appearance of the solar cell layer 30, thereby improving aesthetics.

[0039] Multiple solar cells 32 connected in series can be multiple complete solar cells 32 connected in series, multiple 1 / 2 solar cells 32 connected in series, multiple 1 / 3 solar cells 32 connected in series, or multiple 1 / 4 solar cells 32 connected in series.

[0040] In one embodiment, the cell layer 30 includes three cell strings 31 connected in series, each cell string 31 consisting of 12 half-cell cells 32 connected in series, and the power range of the cell layer 30 is between 100W and 110W.

[0041] In another embodiment, the battery cell layer 30 includes 6 battery strings 31, 3 battery strings 31 are connected in series to form a battery string 31 group, each battery string 31 consists of 12 half battery cells 32 connected in series, and 2 battery string 31 groups are connected in parallel. The power range of the battery cell layer 30 is between 200W and 210W.

[0042] The solder ribbon 33 is used to electrically connect multiple solar cells 32. The solder ribbon 33 can be made of conductive materials such as silver, tin, or alloys to improve its conductivity. The multiple solar cells 32 can be arranged in a flat or stacked manner.

[0043] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the welding strip 33 includes a plurality of first welding segments 34 and at least one second welding segment 35. The first welding segment 34 is connected to a corresponding battery cell 32. The second welding segment 35 connects two adjacent first welding segments 34 along a first direction D1. The second welding segment 35 is located between two adjacent battery cells 32 and spans the stacked area 36 of the two adjacent battery cells 32. The second welding segment 35 is flat.

[0044] Thus, the second welding segment 35 is located between two adjacent battery cells 32 and spans the stacked area 36 of the two adjacent battery cells 32. The second welding segment 35 is flat, which increases the contact area between the second welding segment 35 and the battery cell 32, reduces the pressure on the battery cell 32, and thus reduces defects such as cracks in the battery cell 32.

[0045] Specifically, the first welding segment 34 of the welding strip 33 can be welded to the battery cell 32, and the number of the second welding segments 35 is one less than the number of the first welding segments 34. For example, when there are two first welding segments 34, there is one second welding segment 35. The first welding segment 34 and the second welding segment 35 can be an integral structure.

[0046] The stacked region 36 of two adjacent battery cells 32 refers to the region where two adjacent battery cells 32 have overlapping areas. The second welding segment 35 spans the stacked region 36, meaning that the ends of the second welding segment 35 along the first direction D1 extend beyond the stacked region 36. The second welding segment 35 is flat, meaning that the width of the second welding segment 35 is greater than the height of the second welding segment 35.

[0047] It should be noted that the surface with the largest area of ​​the second welding section 35 faces or contacts the battery cell 32. The first direction D1 can be the direction in which all the battery cells 32 in each battery string 31 are arranged in series.

[0048] In some embodiments, the light transmittance of the frosted color layer 60 is greater than that of the panel 10.

[0049] In this way, sunlight can pass through the frosted color layer 60 and reach the panel 10, and the panel 10 can receive the light from the frosted color layer 60 normally, reducing the impact on the power generation effect of the battery cell layer 30.

[0050] Specifically, panel 10 can be made of a light-transmitting material, such as glass or polycarbonate. When the light transmittance of panel 10 is 80%, the light transmittance of frosted color layer 60 can be 85%, 90%, 95%, etc.

[0051] In some embodiments, the antireflective texture includes a plurality of protrusions distributed on the surface of the antireflective layer 50.

[0052] In this way, multiple protrusions can form a light-trapping structure to increase the transmittance of light on the panel 10, reduce the reflectivity, and at the same time make the panel 10 firmly connected to the first encapsulating film layer 40.

[0053] Specifically, the protrusions can be regular or irregular in shape. Multiple protrusions can form a regular or irregular uneven structure. The shape, size, number, and arrangement of the protrusions can be designed according to actual needs.

[0054] In some embodiments, the thickness of panel 10 is 0.18mm-0.3mm.

[0055] Thus, by limiting the thickness of panel 10 within the aforementioned range, the strength of panel 10 can meet the requirements, and the strength of panel 10 can meet the protection requirements for battery cell layer 30.

[0056] Specifically, the thickness of panel 10 can be any point value between 0.18mm and 0.3mm, or a range between any two. For example, the thickness of panel 10 is 0.18mm, 0.2mm, 0.22mm, 0.24mm, 0.26mm, 0.28mm, or 0.3mm.

[0057] In some embodiments, the light transmittance of the back panel 20 is less than that of the panel 10.

[0058] In this way, the transmittance of sunlight from the back panel 20 to the panel 10 can be reduced, thereby improving the utilization rate of sunlight.

[0059] Specifically, the back panel 20 can be a dark-colored back panel 20, such as a black back panel 20. The back panel 20 can be entirely black, or only the side of the back panel 20 facing the battery cell layer 30 can be black. When the light transmittance of the panel 10 is 80%, the light transmittance of the back panel 20 can be 65%, 70%, 75%, etc.

[0060] In some embodiments, the thickness of the back plate 20 is 0.18 mm to 0.4 mm.

[0061] Thus, by limiting the thickness of the backplate 20 within the aforementioned range, the strength of the backplate 20 can meet the requirements, and the strength of the backplate 20 can meet the protection requirements for the battery cell layer 30.

[0062] Specifically, the thickness of the back panel 20 can be any value between 0.18mm and 0.4mm, or a range between any two. For example, the thickness of the back panel 20 is 0.18mm, 0.2mm, 0.22mm, 0.24mm, 0.26mm, 0.28mm, 0.3mm, 0.32mm, 0.34mm, 0.36mm, 0.38mm, or 0.4mm.

[0063] The thickness of the front panel 10 and the back panel 20 can be the same or different. For example, the thickness of both the front panel 10 and the back panel 20 can be 0.24 mm, or the thickness of the front panel 10 can be 0.27 mm and the thickness of the back panel 20 can be 0.32 mm.

[0064] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module 100 includes a second encapsulating film layer 70, which is located between the cell layer 30 and the backsheet 20.

[0065] Thus, the backsheet 20 and the cell layer 30 can be connected and fixed together by the second encapsulating film layer 70, achieving lamination encapsulation of the backsheet 20 and the cell layer 30 to form a stable and reliable structure. In addition, the second encapsulating film layer 70 can act as a buffer between the backsheet 20 and the cell layer 30, preventing cell breakage during lamination. The second encapsulating film layer 70 is made of one of EVA, POE, or EPE materials. The materials of the first encapsulating film layer 40 and the second encapsulating film layer 70 can be the same or different.

[0066] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first encapsulating film layer 40 and / or the second encapsulating film layer 70 is 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm.

[0067] When the thickness of the first encapsulating film layer 40 and / or the second encapsulating film layer 70 is too thin, reliable bonding between the panel 10 and the cell layer 30, and between the backsheet 20 and the cell layer 30, cannot be achieved. When the thickness of the first encapsulating film layer 40 and / or the second encapsulating film layer 70 is too thick, it will affect the performance of the photovoltaic module 100. By limiting the thickness of the first encapsulating film layer 40 and / or the second encapsulating film layer 70 within the aforementioned range, reliable bonding between the panel 10 and the cell layer 30, and between the backsheet 20 and the cell layer 30, is achieved while ensuring the performance of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0068] Specifically, the thickness of the first encapsulating film layer 40 and / or the second encapsulating film layer 70 can be any value between 0.3mm and 0.7mm, or a range between the two. For example, the thickness of the first encapsulating film layer 40 can be 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, etc., and the thickness of the second encapsulating film layer 70 can be 0.35mm, 0.45mm, 0.55mm, 0.65mm, etc. The thickness of the first encapsulating film layer 40 and the thickness of the second encapsulating film layer 70 can be the same or different.

[0069] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0070] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized by, The photovoltaic module comprises: a panel; a back plate which is laminated with the panel; a cell sheet layer which is between the panel and the back plate; and a first encapsulation film layer which is between the cell sheet layer and the panel. A surface of the first encapsulation film layer is provided with an anti-reflection layer which is provided with an anti-reflection texture. A side of the panel which is away from the first encapsulation film layer is provided with a frosted color layer which is a light-transmitting layer. The surface of the panel which is towards the first encapsulation film layer is provided with an anti-reflection texture.

2. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The back plate has a light transmittance which is less than that of the panel.

3. The photovoltaic module of claim 2, wherein, The anti-reflection texture comprises a plurality of protrusions which are distributed on the surface of the anti-reflection layer.

4. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The cell sheet layer comprises a plurality of cell strings which are connected in series.

5. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, Each cell string comprises a plurality of cells.

6. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, All the cells in each cell string are connected in series by a welding strip.

7. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The welding strip comprises a plurality of first welding sections and at least one second welding section.

8. The photovoltaic module of claim 7, wherein, Each first welding section is connected with a corresponding cell. The second welding section connects two adjacent first welding sections in a first direction. The second welding section is between and across the laminated areas of two adjacent cells. The second welding section is in a flat shape. The light transmittance of the frosted color layer is greater than that of the panel. The thickness of the panel is 0.18-0.3 mm. The thickness of the back plate is 0.18-0.4 mm. The photovoltaic module comprises a second encapsulation film layer which is between the cell sheet layer and the back plate. The thickness of the first encapsulation film layer and / or the second encapsulation film layer is 0.3-0.7 mm.

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