Oral implant

Abstract

The utility model discloses an oral implant which comprises a bone surface supporting structure, the appearance of the bone surface supporting structure is attached to an upper jaw alveolar bone surface or a lower jaw alveolar bone surface, and a net-shaped through hole is formed in the bone surface supporting structure and corresponds to the alveolar bone surface; a plurality of base tables protruding out of the surface are arranged on the surface of one side of the bone surface supporting structure, and the base tables are used for fixedly connecting the oral implant with a prosthesis; one end, connected to the bone surface supporting structure, of the abutment is provided with an intraosseous implant implanted into the jaw bone. According to the utility model, the traditional subperiosteal implant is improved, the subperiosteal implant is designed in the area with insufficient bone mass of the jaw bone, and the novel stent-shaped implant is formed by combining the subperiosteal implant with the intraosseous implant in the area with sufficient bone mass of the jaw bone, so that independent bone increment operation is not needed, and the implant can be implanted only by one operation; and the clinical problem that a patient with serious atrophy of the alveolar ridge is difficult to implant and repair is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of dental implants and relates to a dental implant, specifically an intraosseous-subperiosteal combined implant for severely atrophied jawbone. Background Technology

[0002] Clinically, insufficient alveolar ridge bone volume due to congenital tooth loss or long-term tooth loss necessitates increasing bone volume before implant restoration. However, increasing bone volume using current techniques is time-consuming, has low osteogenic efficiency, and is affected by the degree of alveolar ridge bone loss, making it difficult to perform in patients with severe alveolar ridge atrophy. Furthermore, the use of short implants remains controversial in clinical practice.

[0003] Subperiosteal implants require surgical exposure of the bone surface and impression taking during fabrication. A casting process is then used to create a scaffold that closely adheres to the bone surface, followed by a second surgery for implantation. Due to the complexity of the surgery, the lengthy manufacturing process, and the significant surgical trauma, subperiosteal implants were gradually phased out after the advent of intraosseous implants. However, their direct fixation to the bone surface offers a solution for addressing the problem of insufficient bone volume when using root-shaped implants.

[0004] In recent years, in particular, with the development and application of digital technologies such as medical image acquisition, three-dimensional reconstruction of maxillofacial tissues, digital precision design of surgical plans, titanium 3D printing and optimization design, and biomechanical finite element analysis, 3D-printed personalized subperiosteal dental implants can be precisely designed and manufactured before surgery and implanted in a single surgery, which is highly feasible. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a dental implant system that combines subperiosteal and intraosseous implants in a scaffold-supported implantation system. It is suitable for patients with severe bone deficiency who cannot undergo conventional implant restorations and are unwilling to undergo surgical bone augmentation. Unlike subperiosteal and intraosseous implants, it eliminates the need for separate bone augmentation procedures. This invention improves upon traditional subperiosteal implants by designing subperiosteal implants in areas of insufficient jawbone and combining them with intraosseous implants in areas of sufficient jawbone to form a scaffold-like novel implant system. This allows for implant restoration in patients with severe alveolar ridge atrophy, requiring only a single surgical procedure for implant placement.

[0006] The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0007] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an oral implant, which includes a bone surface support structure. The shape of the bone surface support structure is fitted to the alveolar bone surface of the maxilla or mandible. The bone surface support structure is provided with mesh-like through holes corresponding to the alveolar bone surface.

[0008] The bone support structure has several abutments protruding from one side surface, which are used to fix the dental implant and the prosthesis in place.

[0009] The abutment is connected to one end of the bone surface support structure and is equipped with an intraosseous implant that is inserted into the jawbone.

[0010] The phrase "fitting with the alveolar bone surface of the maxilla or mandible" refers to fitting with all or part of the alveolar bone surface of the maxilla or mandible.

[0011] When using the aforementioned dental implants, a flap is created in the patient's maxilla or mandible to expose the maxillary or mandibular body. An implantation guide is then placed in the patient's mouth and positioned according to the bone contour. Retention screws are then driven into the jawbone. Under the guidance of the implantation guide, a cavity for the intraosseous implant is prepared. After preparation, the retention screws are removed, and the dental implant is inserted, embedded into the cavity, and fixed. The procedure is then completed by suturing. The subsequent prosthesis can be connected and fixed to the maxilla or mandible via an externally protruding abutment. Specifically, intraosseous implants are preferably placed in areas of sufficient jawbone volume, while subperiosteal implants are used in areas of insufficient jawbone volume. This allows for implant restoration in patients with severe alveolar ridge atrophy, requiring only a single surgery for implant placement.

[0012] Furthermore, the bone surface support structure is also provided with several fixation holes for fixing it to the jawbone by a fixation device.

[0013] The fixing device is preferably a titanium nail.

[0014] Furthermore, the base has a threaded hole, and the repair body is connected to the threaded hole via a threaded fastener. The threaded fastener can be a screw or threaded rod with external threads.

[0015] Furthermore, the abutment includes a cone protruding from the bone surface support structure, more specifically a frustum, preferably a truncated cone, with its bottom end connected to the bone surface support structure. Specifically, the abutment also includes a transgingival portion located at the bottom of the cone, the transgingival portion preferably being cylindrical. After surgery, the transgingival portion is located inside the gingiva, while the cone portion protrudes outside the gingiva through the gingiva.

[0016] Furthermore, the intraosseous implant is preferably cylindrical or porous.

[0017] Furthermore, the number of abutments is preferably at least four. The number and location of the abutments correspond to the number of intraosseous implants. The number and location of the intraosseous implants are determined based on the patient's jawbone condition, and are usually placed in areas with sufficient jawbone volume, while also considering stability.

[0018] Furthermore, the surface of the base is smooth.

[0019] Furthermore, the bone surface support structure, abutment, and intraosseous implant are preferably made of pure titanium, titanium alloy, tantalum metal, magnesium, or PEKK polymer material.

[0020] Furthermore, the thickness of the bone surface support structure is preferably 1~1.5mm, and its mesh-like through holes are porous and conducive to bone ingrowth. The edge distance between each hole is preferably not less than 1mm to ensure the strength of the structure.

[0021] Furthermore, the bone surface support structure and the intraosseous implant have a surface coating or have undergone surface treatment to facilitate bone integration.

[0022] The above-mentioned method for designing dental implants includes the following steps:

[0023] S1. Based on the patient's jawbone images, design and reconstruct the maxilla or mandible to obtain a three-dimensional model of the jawbone; specifically, acquire the patient's CBCT images, import them into the medical imaging software Mimics to reconstruct the patient's jawbone and important anatomical landmarks, and export the reconstructed three-dimensional model.

[0024] S2. Based on the patient's intraoral vertical height and dental arch condition, tooth arrangement is performed, and restorations are designed and generated; specifically, virtual tooth arrangement can be performed in the restorative CAD software EXOcad;

[0025] S3. Based on the reconstructed 3D model of the jawbone designed in step S1 and the prosthesis designed and generated in step S2, determine the position of the dental implant and the position of the abutment; specifically, the 3D model of the jawbone designed and reconstructed in step S1 and the prosthesis designed and generated in step S2 can be imported back into the Mimics software in the same coordinate system, and the implant can be virtually placed according to the image data and the position of the prosthesis presented in the software to determine the position of the implant and the position of the abutment.

[0026] S4. Determine the shape, structure, and size of the abutment and intraosseous implant; specifically, refer to standard structures and design a three-dimensional model of the abutment, a three-dimensional model of the fixation titanium screw, and a three-dimensional model of the intraosseous implant in the CAD software SolidWorks.

[0027] S5. Design of the bone surface support structure: Determine the scope of the bone surface support structure and design the excavation within the determined scope; the scope of the bone surface support structure includes the functional area and fixation area of ​​the entire bone surface support structure. The bone surface support structure is generally fixed in the midline symphysis of the maxilla and mandible, the external oblique region, and the lateral region of the adjacent inferior ramus; the excavation design also includes excavating holes according to the size and position of the titanium screws;

[0028] S6. Integrate the bone surface support structure, abutment and intraosseous implant into a whole and export it to obtain a three-dimensional model of the oral implant;

[0029] S7. Design of implantation guide: Design an implantation guide based on the patient's three-dimensional jawbone model, the three-dimensional model of the oral implant, and the patient's jawbone image; specifically, import the patient's three-dimensional jawbone model, the three-dimensional model of the oral implant, and the patient's CBCT data into the guide design software, design the position and axis of the virtual implant according to the three-dimensional model of the oral implant, select the corresponding guide ring, and ensure that the position of the fixation screw coincides with the position of the titanium screw to generate a bone support guide;

[0030] S8. Manufacture the dental implant based on the three-dimensional model of the dental implant obtained in step S6; specifically, the designed dental implant can be manufactured using 3D printing technology; after printing, perform surface treatments such as polishing and acid etching, and note that the junction between the abutment neck and soft tissue needs to be highly polished.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0032] This invention improves upon traditional subperiosteal implants by designing subperiosteal implants in areas of insufficient jawbone volume and combining them with intraosseous implants in areas of sufficient jawbone volume to form a novel scaffold-like implant, enabling implant restoration for patients with severe alveolar ridge atrophy. This invention eliminates the need for separate bone augmentation procedures and requires only a single surgery for implant placement, effectively solving the clinical problem of difficulty in implant restoration for patients with severe alveolar ridge atrophy. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an oral implant in a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the assembly of the oral implant, mandible, and prosthesis in a specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Bone surface support structure; 2. Abutment; 3. Intraosseous implant; 4. Fixation hole; 5. Titanium screw; 6. Prosthesis; 7. Threaded fastener; 8. Recess. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The principles and features of this utility model are described below with reference to examples. The examples are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0037] An oral implant, taking a mandibular oral implant as an example, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, it includes a bone surface support structure 1, the shape of which fits the alveolar bone surface of the mandible, and the bone surface support structure 1 is provided with mesh-like through holes corresponding to the alveolar bone surface.

[0038] The bone surface support structure 1 has four abutments 2 protruding from one side surface. The abutments 2 are used to fix the dental implant and the prosthesis 6. The abutment 2 includes a frustum protruding from the bone surface support structure 1 and a cylindrical transgingival portion connected to the bottom of the frustum. The abutment 2 has a threaded hole, and the prosthesis 6 is connected to the threaded hole by a threaded fastener 7.

[0039] The abutment 2 is connected to one end of the bone surface support structure 1 and is provided with an intraosseous implant 3 that is implanted into the jawbone; the intraosseous implant 3 is a cylinder and is concentrically arranged with the abutment 2.

[0040] The bone surface support structure 1 is also provided with several fixation holes 4 for fixing it to the jawbone by means of titanium screws 5;

[0041] The thickness of the bone surface support structure 1 is 1~1.5mm; the edge distance between each hole of the bone surface support structure 1 is not less than 1mm;

[0042] The bone surface support structure 1, abutment 2 and intraosseous implant 3 are made of pure titanium, titanium alloy, tantalum metal, magnesium or PEKK polymer material.

[0043] The above-mentioned method for designing dental implants includes the following steps:

[0044] S1. Obtain the patient's CBCT images, import them into the medical imaging software Mimics to reconstruct the patient's jawbone and important anatomical landmarks such as the mandibular nerve canal, and export the reconstructed three-dimensional model to obtain the patient's three-dimensional mandibular model.

[0045] S2. Based on the patient's intraoral vertical height and dental arch condition, virtual tooth arrangement is performed in the restorative CAD software EXOcad to design and generate the restoration;

[0046] S3. Import the reconstructed 3D model of the jawbone designed in step S1 and the prosthesis designed in step S2 into the same coordinate system into the Mimics software. Based on the image data and prosthesis position presented in the software, virtually place the implant and determine the implant position and abutment position.

[0047] S4. Referring to the standard structure, design the three-dimensional model of the abutment, the three-dimensional model of the fixed titanium nail, and the three-dimensional model of the cylindrical implant in the CAD software SolidWorks.

[0048] S5. Design of bone surface support structure: Determine the range of the bone surface support structure and design the drilling within the determined range; the range of the bone surface support structure includes the functional area and fixation area of ​​the entire bone surface support structure; the drilling design also includes drilling according to the size and position of the titanium screws; thicken the determined range of the bone surface support structure to 1~1.5mm to obtain a mesh bone surface support structure. The mesh structure is porous and conducive to bone ingrowth. Its edge is within the bone surface support structure, and to ensure strength, the closest distance between the mesh structure and the edge is greater than 1mm.

[0049] S6. Integrate the bone surface support structure, intraosseous implant, and abutment into a whole and export the three-dimensional model of the new implant.

[0050] S7. Design the implantation guide: Import the patient's 3D jawbone model, the 3D model of the oral implant, and the patient's CBCT data into the guide design software. Based on the 3D model of the oral implant, design the position and axis of the virtual implant, select the universal guide ring, and ensure that the position of the fixation screw coincides with the position of the titanium screw to generate the bone support guide.

[0051] S8. Use 3D printing technology to print the designed dental implant; after printing, perform surface treatments such as polishing and acid etching, paying attention to the need for high polishing at the junction of the abutment neck and soft tissue.

[0052] The steps for implanting the above-mentioned dental implants are as follows:

[0053] Reference Figure 2 The procedure involves flapping the patient's maxilla or mandible to expose the mandibular body. An implantation guide is then placed inside the patient's mouth and positioned according to the bone contour. Retention screws are driven into the jawbone. Under the guidance of the implantation guide, a cavity 8 for the intraosseous implant is prepared. After preparation, the retention screws are removed, and the oral implant is inserted. The intraosseous implant 3 is embedded into the cavity 8 and fixed with titanium screws 5. Bone augmentation is then performed, and the procedure is completed by suturing. The subsequent prosthesis 6 is fixed to the mandible via a threaded connection to the protruding abutment 2.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A dental implant, characterized in that, It includes a bone surface support structure (1), the shape of which fits the alveolar bone surface of the maxilla or mandible, and the bone surface support structure (1) is provided with mesh through holes corresponding to the alveolar bone surface. The bone surface support structure (1) has several abutments (2) protruding from one side surface, and the abutments (2) are used to fix the oral implant and the prosthesis (6) in place. The abutment (2) is connected to one end of the bone surface support structure (1) and is provided with an intraosseous implant (3) implanted in the jawbone.

2. The dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bone surface support structure (1) is also provided with several fixation holes (4) for fixing it to the jawbone by means of a fixation device.

3. The dental implant according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing device is a titanium nail (5).

4. The dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The base (2) has a threaded hole, and the repair body (6) is connected to the threaded hole by a threaded fastener (7).

5. The dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The abutment (2) includes a cone protruding from the bone surface support structure (1).

6. The dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The bone implant (3) is a cylindrical or porous structure.

7. The dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The number of bases (2) is at least 4.

8. The dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The surface of the base (2) is smooth.

9. The dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The bone surface support structure (1), abutment (2) and intraosseous implant (3) are made of pure titanium, titanium alloy, tantalum metal, magnesium or PEKK polymer material.

10. The dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the bone surface support structure (1) is 1 to 1.5 mm.

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