Protective device for tunnel blasting

Abstract

The utility model discloses a protection device for tunnel blasting, which comprises a door frame, a first door body and a second door body are respectively and movably connected with two ends inside the door frame, and an explosion-proof outer layer, a buffer energy absorption layer, a reinforced support layer and a fireproof heat insulation inner layer are sequentially arranged inside the side wall of each of the first door body and the second door body. When the anti-explosion door is used, the anti-explosion glass observation window with the reinforced outer frame arranged on the periphery is embedded in the first door body, and the intelligent camera matched with the anti-explosion glass observation window is installed at the top of one side of the reinforced outer frame; the blasting condition in the tunnel can be intelligently shot in real time, the blasting process of the tunnel can be automatically judged in cooperation with analysis and calculation of the PLC on the image, when it is judged that the blasting activity is finished and is in a safe period, the PLC can control the loudspeaker to send out a finishing prompt, and at the moment, a user can open the explosion door to enter the tunnel; therefore, a user is prevented from being injured by mistakenly entering a tunnel in which blasting is not completely finished.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a tunnel blasting technical field, concretely is a kind of protective device for tunnel blasting. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tunnel blasting is a kind of technology widely used in tunnel engineering construction, it is used to break rock to form the tunnel section of design requirement, utilize the high temperature, high pressure gas produced by explosive in explosive moment, can produce strong impact and compression to surrounding rock medium, make rock break, disintegrate, considering that flying stone will be produced when tunnel blasting, therefore need to install protective door at tunnel portal, it can be used as a solid barrier, effectively block flying stone and fly out of portal, avoid to cause injury and damage to personnel, equipment and building etc outside portal, but, there are still some drawbacks when this kind of protective door for tunnel blasting is used specifically.

[0003] Protective door for tunnel blasting can only bear impact force through door body and door frame itself to carry out explosion protection, and its energy dissipation effect is poor, which affects its service life, in addition, it does not have safety warning mechanism, and users are easy to open door body before explosion is completely finished, which causes injury, so that the functionality of the device is poor, based on this, we propose a new protective device for tunnel blasting, which realizes efficient energy dissipation protection and explosion process automatic judgment and warning functions. CONTENT OF UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The utility model is aimed at providing a protective device for tunnel blasting to solve the problems proposed in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: A protection device for tunnel blasting, including door frame, both ends of the door frame inside are swing joint respectively first door body and second door body, the inside of first door body and second door body side wall all is sequentially provided with explosion -proof outer layer, buffer energy -absorbing layer, reinforcing support layer and fire -resistant heat -insulation inner layer, both ends of the door frame all are installed with horizontal buffer mechanism, the top of door frame is installed with vertical buffer mechanism, one side of the door frame is installed with the casing that vertical buffer mechanism, horizontal buffer mechanism are matched, the inside of casing is sequentially installed with linear voltage stabilizing power module and battery, vertical buffer mechanism and horizontal buffer mechanism all include piston output rod and magneto rheological liquid buffer cylinder body, the piston output rod sets up in the output end of magneto rheological liquid buffer cylinder body, the magneto rheological liquid buffer cylinder body is electrically connected on linear voltage stabilizing power module through wire, the outer wall of first door body is installed with PLC controller and speaker, the first door body of PLC controller one end is inlaid with explosion -proof glass observation window, set up reinforcing outer frame between the outer periphery of explosion -proof glass observation window and first door body, the top of one side of reinforcing outer frame is installed with the intelligent camera that explosion -proof glass observation window is matched.

[0006] Preferably, the first door body and the second door body are uniformly provided with door locks.

[0007] Preferably, the material of the explosion -proof outer layer is manganese steel, and the material of the buffer energy -absorbing layer is foamed aluminum.

[0008] Preferably, the material of the reinforcing support layer is high-strength concrete, and the reinforcing support layer is uniformly embedded with I-beams.

[0009] Preferably, the outer wall of the fire -resistant heat -insulation inner layer is a fireproof board, and the fire -resistant heat -insulation inner layer is filled with heat -insulating cotton.

[0010] Preferably, the piston output rod and the magneto rheological liquid buffer cylinder body are provided with mounting feet at one end, and the mounting feet are provided with flexible rubber layers and fixing screw holes.

[0011] Preferably, the both ends and the top of the door frame are provided with limiting telescopic rods, and the limiting telescopic rods are sleeved with rubber composite springs.

[0012] Preferably, the smart camera and the reinforcing outer frame are provided with an assembly arm mounted through screws, so that the smart camera can be conveniently disassembled, maintained and reassembled.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

[0014] (1), the protection device for tunnel blasting is provided with a transverse buffering mechanism, so that the device optimizes its performance, tunnel blasting activities can cause the door frame and the inner wall of the tunnel opening to be impacted or vibrated, at this time, the piston output rod on the vertical buffering mechanism and the transverse buffering mechanism drives the piston at the tail to move in the magneto-rheological fluid buffer cylinder, so that the magneto-rheological fluid flows between the chambers on both sides of the piston, if it is necessary to increase the damping force to enhance the buffering effect, the electromagnetic coil on the magneto-rheological fluid buffer cylinder is energized to generate a magnetic field, the magnetic field acts on the magneto-rheological fluid, so that the viscosity increases and the flow resistance increases, thereby generating a larger damping force when the piston moves, realizing effective absorption and dissipation of impact energy, achieving the purpose of buffering, and the storage battery can independently power each magneto-rheological fluid buffering structure, and the linear voltage stabilizing power module can provide stable DC voltage output, which adjusts the output voltage to change the voltage across the electromagnetic coil, thereby controlling the current size to accurately control the magnetic field strength, adjust the viscosity of the magneto-rheological fluid and the damping force of the buffer, and further make the device not only realize good energy absorption and buffering protection, reduce the damage caused by blasting impact, but also adjust the buffering and energy consumption effect to adapt to different impact working conditions and buffering requirements;

[0015] (2), the protection device for tunnel blasting is provided with an explosion-proof glass observation window, so that when the device is operated, the explosion-proof glass observation window with a reinforced outer frame is inlaid on the first door body, and an intelligent camera matched with the explosion-proof glass observation window is installed on the top of one side of the reinforced outer frame, which can intelligently capture the blasting situation in the tunnel in real time, and cooperate with the analysis and calculation of the PLC controller on the image, automatically judge the progress of the tunnel blasting, when it is judged that the blasting activity is over and in the safety period, the PLC controller will control the loudspeaker to issue an end reminder, at this time, the user can open the explosion-proof door to enter the tunnel, which avoids the user from entering the tunnel where the blasting is not completely finished, and improves the safety performance;

[0016] (3) The protective device for tunnel blasting optimizes its structure by setting up a buffer energy-absorbing layer, etc. The explosion-proof door, which is the main body of the tunnel exit explosion protection, is set as a four-layer composite structure consisting of an explosion-proof outer layer, a buffer energy-absorbing layer, a reinforcing support layer and a fireproof and heat-insulating inner layer. The explosion-proof outer layer is made of manganese steel, which has high hardness and good impact resistance, and can directly withstand the impact of the shock wave and flying rocks generated by the blast, and prevent deformation. The buffer energy-absorbing layer is made of foamed aluminum, which can absorb the energy of the shock wave through its own deformation and internal friction when it receives the transmitted shock wave. The reinforcing support layer is high-strength concrete with built-in I-beams, which can withstand greater stress and improve the overall structural strength. The fireproof and heat-insulating inner layer is a fireproof board filled with heat insulation cotton, which can prevent the heat generated by the blast from being transferred to the area behind the door, and prevent fire and heat radiation from causing injury to personnel and equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first door body of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the transverse buffer mechanism of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the side wall of the second door of this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Door frame; 2. Rubber composite spring; 3. Vertical buffer mechanism; 4. Limiting telescopic rod; 5. PLC controller; 6. Horizontal buffer mechanism; 7. First door body; 8. Door lock; 9. Second door body; 10. Speaker; 11. Reinforced outer frame; 12. Explosion-proof glass observation window; 13. Smart camera; 14. Assembly arm; 15. Piston output rod; 16. Mounting support; 17. Magnetorheological fluid buffer cylinder; 18. Housing; 19. Linear regulated power supply module; 20. Battery; 21. Explosion-proof outer layer; 22. Buffer energy absorption layer; 23. Reinforced support layer; 24. Fireproof and heat-insulating inner layer. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-4An embodiment of this utility model is provided: a protective device for tunnel blasting, including a door frame 1, with a first door body 7 and a second door body 9 movably connected to the two ends inside the door frame 1 respectively, and the interior of the side walls of the first door body 7 and the second door body 9 are sequentially provided with an explosion-proof outer layer 21, a buffer energy-absorbing layer 22, a reinforcing support layer 23 and a fireproof and heat-insulating inner layer 24.

[0024] The explosion-proof outer layer 21 is made of manganese steel, and the buffer energy-absorbing layer 22 is made of aluminum foam.

[0025] The reinforcing support layer 23 is made of high-strength concrete, and I-beams are uniformly embedded inside the reinforcing support layer 23.

[0026] The outer wall of the fireproof and heat-insulating inner layer 24 is a fireproof board, and the interior of the fireproof and heat-insulating inner layer 24 is filled with heat-insulating cotton.

[0027] In use, the explosion-proof door structure, which serves as the main body of the tunnel exit explosion-proof system, is a four-layer composite structure consisting of an explosion-proof outer layer 21, a buffer energy-absorbing layer 22, a reinforcing support layer 23, and a fireproof and heat-insulating inner layer 24. The explosion-proof outer layer 21 is made of manganese steel, which gives it high hardness and good impact resistance, enabling it to directly withstand the shock waves and flying rocks generated by the blast and prevent deformation. The buffer energy-absorbing layer 22 is made of aluminum foam, which allows it to absorb the energy of the transmitted shock waves through its own deformation and internal friction. The reinforcing support layer 23 is made of high-strength concrete with built-in I-beams, which enables it to withstand greater stress and improve the overall structural strength. The fireproof and heat-insulating inner layer 24 is a fireproof board filled with heat-insulating cotton, which can prevent the heat generated by the blast from being transferred to the area behind the door, preventing fire and heat radiation from causing injury to personnel and equipment.

[0028] Both ends of the door frame 1 are equipped with a horizontal buffer mechanism 6, the top of the door frame 1 is equipped with a vertical buffer mechanism 3, and one side of the door frame 1 is equipped with a housing 18 that matches the vertical buffer mechanism 3 and the horizontal buffer mechanism 6.

[0029] The inside of the housing 18 is sequentially equipped with a linear regulated power supply module 19 and a storage battery 20. Both the vertical buffer mechanism 3 and the horizontal buffer mechanism 6 include a piston output rod 15 and a magnetorheological fluid buffer cylinder 17. The piston output rod 15 is located at the output end of the magnetorheological fluid buffer cylinder 17. The magnetorheological fluid buffer cylinder 17 is electrically connected to the linear regulated power supply module 19 through wires.

[0030] During use, tunnel blasting activities cause impacts or vibrations between the portal frame 1 and the inner wall of the tunnel opening. At this time, the piston output rod 15 on the vertical buffer mechanism 3 and the horizontal buffer mechanism 6 drives the piston at the tail end to move within the magnetorheological fluid buffer cylinder 17, causing the magnetorheological fluid to flow between the chambers on both sides of the piston. If it is necessary to increase the damping force to enhance the buffering effect, an electromagnetic coil on the magnetorheological fluid buffer cylinder 17 is energized to generate a magnetic field. The magnetic field acts on the magnetorheological fluid, increasing its viscosity and flow resistance, thereby generating a larger damping force when the piston moves, thus effectively mitigating the impact energy. The effective absorption and dissipation of energy achieve the purpose of buffering. Furthermore, the battery 20 can provide independent power to each magnetorheological fluid buffer structure, while the linear regulated power supply module 19 can provide a stable DC voltage output. It changes the voltage across the electromagnetic coil by adjusting the output voltage, thereby controlling the current to precisely control the magnetic field strength, adjust the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid and the damping force of the buffer. Thus, the device can achieve good energy absorption and buffering protection, reduce the loss caused by explosive impact, and adjust the buffering energy dissipation effect to adapt to different impact conditions and buffering requirements.

[0031] A PLC controller 5 and a speaker 10 are installed on the outer wall of the first door body 7. An explosion-proof glass observation window 12 is embedded on the first door body 7 at one end of the PLC controller 5. A reinforced outer frame 11 is provided between the outer periphery of the explosion-proof glass observation window 12 and the first door body 7. A smart camera 13 matching the explosion-proof glass observation window 12 is installed on the top of one side of the reinforced outer frame 11.

[0032] In use, an explosion-proof glass observation window 12 with a reinforced outer frame 11 is embedded in the first door body 7, and an intelligent camera 13 matching the explosion-proof glass observation window 12 is installed on the top of one side of the reinforced outer frame 11. The camera can intelligently capture the blasting situation in the tunnel in real time, and automatically judge the progress of the tunnel blasting by analyzing and calculating the images with the help of the PLC controller 5. When it is determined that the blasting activity has ended and is in a safe period, the PLC controller 5 will control the speaker 10 to issue an end reminder. Only then can the user open the explosion-proof door to enter the tunnel. This avoids the user from accidentally entering the tunnel where the blasting has not been completely completed and causing injury, thus improving the safety performance.

[0033] Door locks 8 are evenly installed between the first door body 7 and the second door body 9;

[0034] Both the piston output rod 15 and the magnetorheological fluid buffer cylinder 17 are provided with mounting feet 16 at one end, and the mounting feet 16 are provided with a flexible rubber layer and fixing screw holes.

[0035] Limiting telescopic rods 4 are installed at both ends and the top of the door frame 1, and rubber composite springs 2 are fitted on the limiting telescopic rods 4;

[0036] An assembly arm 14 is installed between the smart camera 13 and the reinforced outer frame 11 by screws, which facilitates the independent disassembly and maintenance of the smart camera 13.

[0037] In this embodiment, the device is first installed at the tunnel opening. During actual use, tunnel blasting activities cause impact or vibration between the door frame 1 and the inner wall of the tunnel opening. At this time, the piston output rod 15 on the vertical buffer mechanism 3 and the horizontal buffer mechanism 6 will drive the piston at the tail to move within the magnetorheological fluid buffer cylinder 17, causing the magnetorheological fluid to flow between the chambers on both sides of the piston. If it is necessary to increase the damping force to enhance the buffering effect, an electromagnetic coil on the magnetorheological fluid buffer cylinder 17 is energized to generate a magnetic field. The magnetic field acts on the magnetorheological fluid, increasing its viscosity and flow resistance, thereby generating a larger damping force when the piston moves, achieving effective absorption and dissipation of impact energy. To achieve the purpose of buffering, the battery 20 can independently power each magnetorheological fluid buffer structure, while the linear regulated power supply module 19 can provide a stable DC voltage output. It changes the voltage across the electromagnetic coil by adjusting the output voltage, thereby controlling the current to precisely control the magnetic field strength, adjust the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid, and the damping force of the buffer. This allows the device to achieve good energy absorption and buffering protection, reduce the loss caused by blasting impact, and adjust the buffering energy dissipation effect to adapt to different impact conditions and buffering requirements. At the same time, by setting the explosion-proof door structure, which is the main body of the tunnel exit explosion-proof structure, as an explosion-proof outer layer 21, a buffer energy absorption layer 22, and a reinforcing support, The structure comprises a four-layer composite layer 23 and a fireproof and heat-insulating inner layer 24. The explosion-proof outer layer 21 is made of manganese steel, giving it high hardness and good impact resistance, enabling it to directly withstand the shock waves and impacts from flying debris generated by the explosion and prevent deformation. The buffer and energy-absorbing layer 22 is made of aluminum foam, allowing it to absorb the energy of the transmitted shock waves through its own deformation and internal friction. The reinforcing support layer 23 is high-strength concrete with embedded I-beams, enabling it to withstand significant stress and improving the overall structural strength. The fireproof and heat-insulating inner layer 24 is a fireproof board filled with heat-insulating cotton, preventing the heat generated by the explosion from being transferred to the area behind the door, thus preventing fire. In addition to preventing injuries to personnel and equipment from heat radiation, the explosion-proof glass observation window 12 with a reinforced outer frame 11 is embedded in the first door body 7. A smart camera 13 matching the explosion-proof glass observation window 12 is installed on the top of one side of the reinforced outer frame 11. The explosion-proof glass observation window 12 can be intelligently photographed in real time. With the help of the PLC controller 5, the images are analyzed and calculated to automatically judge the progress of the tunnel explosion. When it is determined that the explosion activity has ended and the safe period has arrived, the PLC controller 5 will control the speaker 10 to issue an end reminder. Only then can the user open the explosion-proof door to enter the tunnel. This avoids the user from accidentally entering the tunnel where the explosion has not been completely completed and causing injury, thus improving the safety performance.

Claims

1. A protective device for tunnel blasting, characterized in that, The system includes a door frame (1), with a first door body (7) and a second door body (9) movably connected to both ends of the door frame (1). The inner walls of the first door body (7) and the second door body (9) are sequentially provided with an explosion-proof outer layer (21), a buffer energy-absorbing layer (22), a reinforcing support layer (23), and a fireproof and heat-insulating inner layer (24). Both ends of the door frame (1) are equipped with a horizontal buffer mechanism (6), and the top of the door frame (1) is equipped with a vertical buffer mechanism (3). One side of the door frame (1) is equipped with a housing (18) matching the vertical buffer mechanism (3) and the horizontal buffer mechanism (6). The housing (18) contains a linear voltage regulator module (19) and a battery (20) sequentially installed inside. The vertical buffer mechanism (3) and the horizontal buffer mechanism (6)... The mechanism (6) includes a piston output rod (15) and a magnetorheological fluid buffer cylinder (17). The piston output rod (15) is located at the output end of the magnetorheological fluid buffer cylinder (17). The magnetorheological fluid buffer cylinder (17) is electrically connected to the linear regulated power supply module (19) via wires. A PLC controller (5) and a speaker (10) are installed on the outer wall of the first door (7). An explosion-proof glass observation window (12) is embedded on the first door (7) at one end of the PLC controller (5). A reinforced outer frame (11) is provided between the outer periphery of the explosion-proof glass observation window (12) and the first door (7). A smart camera (13) matching the explosion-proof glass observation window (12) is installed on the top of one side of the reinforced outer frame (11).

2. The protective device for tunnel blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Door locks (8) are evenly installed between the first door body (7) and the second door body (9).

3. A protective device for tunnel blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof outer layer (21) is made of manganese steel, and the buffer energy-absorbing layer (22) is made of aluminum foam.

4. A protective device for tunnel blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing support layer (23) is made of high-strength concrete, and I-beams are uniformly embedded inside the reinforcing support layer (23).

5. A protective device for tunnel blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the fireproof and heat-insulating inner layer (24) is a fireproof board, and the interior of the fireproof and heat-insulating inner layer (24) is filled with heat-insulating cotton.

6. A protective device for tunnel blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston output rod (15) and the magnetorheological fluid buffer cylinder (17) are both provided with mounting feet (16) at one end, and the mounting feet (16) are provided with a flexible rubber layer and fixing screw holes.

7. A protective device for tunnel blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Limiting telescopic rods (4) are provided at both ends and the top of the door frame (1), and rubber composite springs (2) are fitted on the limiting telescopic rods (4).

8. A protective device for tunnel blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: An assembly arm (14) is installed between the smart camera (13) and the reinforced outer frame (11) by screws.

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