Alternating current and direct current protector circuit structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a circuit structure of an AC / DC protector. The circuit structure comprises a power supply input end, a load output end, a reference power supply module, a DC voltage detection module, an AC voltage detection module and a relay module. According to the technical scheme, the reference power supply module is used for providing proper power supply voltage for the direct-current voltage detection module, the alternating-current voltage detection module and the relay module, and the direct-current voltage detection module and the alternating-current voltage detection module are used for detecting the abnormal condition of the power supply input end; when the DC voltage is detected to be overvoltage or undervoltage or the AC voltage is detected to be input, the relay module cuts off the power connection between the power supply input end and the load output end, thereby greatly improving the power utilization safety of the electric equipment, and reducing the damage risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic circuit technology, and more specifically to an AC / DC protector circuit structure. Background Technology

[0002] To improve the electrical safety of electrical equipment, relevant technicians will configure AC / DC protectors for the equipment.

[0003] Existing AC / DC protectors are mainly equipped with AC overvoltage and undervoltage protection functions, as well as DC overvoltage and undervoltage protection functions. While these protectors provide a certain level of protection, there are still safety risks when applied to low-voltage DC equipment. This is because existing AC / DC protectors lack AC blocking capabilities. If low-voltage DC equipment is mistakenly connected to AC power, it can be damaged. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an AC / DC protector circuit structure.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the problem is:

[0006] An AC / DC protector circuit structure includes:

[0007] Power input terminal;

[0008] Load output terminal;

[0009] A reference power supply module is connected to the power supply input terminal and is used to provide several power terminals to the outside, and the several power terminals output different DC power supply voltages respectively.

[0010] A DC voltage detection module is connected to the power supply input terminal and the reference power supply module respectively, and is used to output a first signal when an overvoltage or undervoltage condition is detected in the DC voltage input to the power supply input terminal.

[0011] The AC voltage detection module is connected to both the power supply input terminal and the reference power supply module, and is used to output a second signal when an AC voltage is detected at the power supply input terminal.

[0012] The relay module is connected to the power supply input terminal, the load output terminal, the reference power supply module, the DC voltage detection module, and the AC voltage detection module, respectively, and is used to control the power supply input terminal to disconnect from the load output terminal when a first signal transmitted by the DC voltage detection module or a second signal transmitted by the AC voltage detection module is received.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the reference power supply module includes a MOSFET Q1, a diode D1, a diode D2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, and a voltage regulator chip of model TL431. The voltage regulator chip is configured with an anode, a cathode, and a reference terminal. The power supply input terminal includes a first input port and a second input port.

[0014] The first input port is connected to the anode of diode D1. The cathode of diode D1 is connected to the anode of diode D2 through capacitor C1. The cathode of diode D2 is connected to the second input port. The anode of diode D2 is connected to ground. The drain of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the cathode of diode D1. The source of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator chip through resistor R1. The gate of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator chip through resistor R2. The anode of the voltage regulator chip is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D2. The two ends of the capacitor C2 are connected to the anode and cathode of the voltage regulator chip respectively. The cathode of the voltage regulator chip is connected to one end of the resistor R3. The other end of the resistor R3 is connected to one end of the resistor R4. The other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D2. The reference terminal of the voltage regulator chip is connected to the junction of the resistor R3 and the resistor R4. The cathode and reference terminal of the voltage regulator chip serve as the power supply terminals of the reference power module.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the DC voltage detection module includes operational amplifier U1, operational amplifier U2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, capacitor C5, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5, diode D6, diode D7, diode D8, resistor R5, resistor R6, resistor R7, resistor R8, resistor R9, resistor R10, resistor R11, resistor R12, resistor R13, resistor R14, resistor R15, resistor R16, resistor R17, resistor R18, and resistor R19.

[0016] The cathode of diode D1 is connected to ground via resistors R5 and R6. The cathode of the voltage regulator chip is connected to the cathode of diode D3. The anode of diode D3 is connected to the junction of resistors R5 and R6, and then to the inverting input of operational amplifier U1 via resistor R10. The reference terminal of the voltage regulator chip is connected to ground via resistors R7 and R8. The non-inverting input of operational amplifier U1 is connected to the junction of resistors R7 and R8. Capacitor C3 is connected to the... The resistor R8 is connected in parallel. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to ground through the resistor R12 and the capacitor C4. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode D5. The positive terminal of the diode D5 is connected to the connection point of the resistor R12 and the capacitor C4 through the resistor R13. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode D4 through the resistor R11. The positive terminal of the diode D4 is connected to the connection point of the resistor R7 and the resistor R8. The positive terminal of the diode D5 is connected to the relay module.

[0017] The cathode of diode D1 is connected to ground via resistors R14 and R15. Capacitor C5 is connected in parallel with resistor R15. The cathode of the voltage regulator chip is connected to the cathode of diode D6. The anode of diode D6 is connected to the junction of resistors R14 and R15. The anode of diode D6 is connected to the non-inverting input of operational amplifier U2 via resistor R17. The inverting input of operational amplifier U2 is connected to the reference terminal of the voltage regulator chip via resistor R16. The output of operational amplifier U2 is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator chip via resistor R18. The output of operational amplifier U2 is connected to the cathode of diode D7. The anode of diode D7 is connected to the anode of diode D6 via resistor R19. The output of operational amplifier U2 is connected to the cathode of diode D8. The anode of diode D8 is connected to the relay module.

[0018] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the AC voltage detection module includes resistors R20, R21, R22, R23, and R24, capacitors C6, C7, and C8, diode D9, Zener diode D10, and transistor Q2.

[0019] The first input port is connected to the second input port successively through capacitor C6, resistor R20, and capacitor C21. The anode of diode D9 is connected to the junction of resistors R20 and R21. The cathode of diode D9 is connected to the cathode of Zener diode D10. The anode of Zener diode D10 is connected to ground. The two ends of capacitor C7 are connected to the anode and cathode of Zener diode D10 respectively. The cathode of diode D9 is connected to the base of transistor Q2 through resistor R22. The emitter of transistor Q2 is connected to ground. The two ends of resistor R23 are connected to the base and emitter of transistor Q2 respectively. The collector of transistor Q2 is connected to the relay module. The two ends of capacitor C8 are connected to the emitter and collector of transistor Q2 respectively. Resistor R24 ​​is connected in parallel with capacitor C8.

[0020] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the relay module includes a power chip of model JW5121, relays K1 and K2, inductor L1, MOSFET Q3, capacitors C9, C10, and C11, diodes D11, D12, and D13, resistors R25, R26, R27, R28, R29, and R30. The power chip is configured with an input terminal, an enable terminal, a frequency modulation terminal, a feedback terminal, an open-drain terminal, a drive terminal, a ground terminal, and a bootstrap terminal. The load output terminal includes a first output port and a second output port.

[0021] The cathode of diode D1 is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3 through resistor R27. Capacitor C9 is connected in parallel with resistor R27. The cathode of diode D1 is connected to the input terminal of the power chip. The input terminal of the power chip is connected to the enable terminal of the power chip through resistor R25. The frequency modulation terminal of the power chip is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3 through resistor R26. The ground terminal of the power chip is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3. The bootstrap terminal of the power chip is connected to the drive terminal of the power chip through capacitor C11. The drive terminal of the power chip... One end of the capacitor C10 is connected to one end of the inductor L1. The other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the open-drain terminal of the power supply chip through the resistor R28. One end of the resistor R29 is connected to the junction of the inductor L1 and the resistor R28. The other end of the resistor R29 is connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q3 through the resistor R30. The feedback terminal of the power supply chip is connected to the junction of the resistor R29 and the resistor R30. The cathode of the diode D11 is connected to the drive terminal of the power supply chip. The anode of the diode D11 is connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q3. One end of the capacitor C10 is connected to the open-drain terminal of the power supply chip. The connection point of inductor L1 and resistor R28 is connected to the junction of capacitor C10 and resistor R28. The other end of capacitor C10 is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3. One control pin of relay K1 is connected to the connection point of inductor L1 and resistor R28, and the other control pin of relay K1 is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3. One load pin of relay K1 is connected to the first input port, and the other load pin of relay K1 is connected to the first output port. One control pin of relay K2 is connected to the connection point of inductor L1 and resistor R28, and the other control pin of relay K2 is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3. The pins are connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q3. One load pin of the relay K2 is connected to the second input port, and the other load pin of the relay K2 is connected to the second output port. The cathodes of diodes D12 and D13 are both connected to the junction of inductor L1 and resistor R28. The anodes of diodes D12 and D13 are both connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q3. The source of the MOSFET Q3 is connected to ground. The DC voltage detection module and the AC voltage detection module are both connected to the gate of the MOSFET Q3.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This technical solution uses a reference power supply module to provide a suitable power supply voltage to the DC voltage detection module, AC voltage detection module, and relay module. The DC voltage detection module and AC voltage detection module detect abnormal conditions at the power supply input terminal. When an overvoltage or undervoltage is detected in the DC voltage or an AC voltage input is detected, the relay module cuts off the power supply connection between the power supply input terminal and the load output terminal, which greatly improves the electrical safety of the electrical equipment and reduces the risk of damage. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a modular framework diagram of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is the circuit schematic diagram of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0026] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model. The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the description of the textual part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present utility model, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. If "first" or "second" is used in the description, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application discloses an AC / DC protector circuit structure, the first embodiment of which includes:

[0031] Power input terminal;

[0032] Load output terminal;

[0033] A reference power supply module is connected to the power supply input terminal and is used to provide several power terminals to the outside, and the several power terminals output different DC power supply voltages respectively.

[0034] A DC voltage detection module is connected to the power supply input terminal and the reference power supply module respectively, and is used to output a first signal when an overvoltage or undervoltage condition is detected in the DC voltage input to the power supply input terminal.

[0035] The AC voltage detection module is connected to both the power supply input terminal and the reference power supply module, and is used to output a second signal when an AC voltage is detected at the power supply input terminal.

[0036] The relay module is connected to the power supply input terminal, the load output terminal, the reference power supply module, the DC voltage detection module, and the AC voltage detection module, respectively, and is used to control the power supply input terminal to disconnect from the load output terminal when a first signal transmitted by the DC voltage detection module or a second signal transmitted by the AC voltage detection module is received.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment, the reference power supply module provides a suitable power supply voltage to the DC voltage detection module, the AC voltage detection module, and the relay module. The DC voltage detection module and the AC voltage detection module detect abnormal conditions at the power supply input terminal. When an overvoltage or undervoltage is detected in the DC voltage, or when an AC voltage input is detected, the relay module cuts off the power connection between the power supply input terminal and the load output terminal, which greatly improves the electrical safety of the electrical equipment and reduces the risk of damage.

[0038] As a further preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the reference power supply module includes a depletion-type MOSFET Q1, diodes D1 and D2, capacitors C1 and C2, resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4, and a voltage regulator chip of model TL431. The voltage regulator chip is configured with an anode, a cathode, and a reference terminal. The power supply input terminal includes a first input port and a second input port.

[0039] The first input port is connected to the anode of diode D1. The cathode of diode D1 is connected to the anode of diode D2 through capacitor C1. The cathode of diode D2 is connected to the second input port. The anode of diode D2 is connected to ground. The drain of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the cathode of diode D1. The source of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator chip through resistor R1. The gate of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator chip through resistor R2. The anode of the voltage regulator chip is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D2. The two ends of the capacitor C2 are connected to the anode and cathode of the voltage regulator chip respectively. The cathode of the voltage regulator chip is connected to one end of the resistor R3. The other end of the resistor R3 is connected to one end of the resistor R4. The other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D2. The reference terminal of the voltage regulator chip is connected to the junction of the resistor R3 and the resistor R4. The cathode and reference terminal of the voltage regulator chip serve as the power supply terminals of the reference power module.

[0040] As a further preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the DC voltage detection module includes operational amplifier U1, operational amplifier U2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, capacitor C5, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5, diode D6, diode D7, diode D8, resistor R5, resistor R6, resistor R7, resistor R8, resistor R9, resistor R10, resistor R11, resistor R12, resistor R13, resistor R14, resistor R15, resistor R16, resistor R17, resistor R18, and resistor R19;

[0041] The cathode of diode D1 is connected to ground via resistors R5 and R6. The cathode of the voltage regulator chip is connected to the cathode of diode D3. The anode of diode D3 is connected to the junction of resistors R5 and R6, and then to the inverting input of operational amplifier U1 via resistor R10. The reference terminal of the voltage regulator chip is connected to ground via resistors R7 and R8. The non-inverting input of operational amplifier U1 is connected to the junction of resistors R7 and R8. Capacitor C3 is connected to the... The resistor R8 is connected in parallel. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to ground through the resistor R12 and the capacitor C4. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode D5. The positive terminal of the diode D5 is connected to the connection point of the resistor R12 and the capacitor C4 through the resistor R13. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode D4 through the resistor R11. The positive terminal of the diode D4 is connected to the connection point of the resistor R7 and the resistor R8. The positive terminal of the diode D5 is connected to the relay module.

[0042] The cathode of diode D1 is connected to ground via resistors R14 and R15. Capacitor C5 is connected in parallel with resistor R15. The cathode of the voltage regulator chip is connected to the cathode of diode D6. The anode of diode D6 is connected to the junction of resistors R14 and R15. The anode of diode D6 is connected to the non-inverting input of operational amplifier U2 via resistor R17. The inverting input of operational amplifier U2 is connected to the reference terminal of the voltage regulator chip via resistor R16. The output of operational amplifier U2 is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator chip via resistor R18. The output of operational amplifier U2 is connected to the cathode of diode D7. The anode of diode D7 is connected to the anode of diode D6 via resistor R19. The output of operational amplifier U2 is connected to the cathode of diode D8. The anode of diode D8 is connected to the relay module.

[0043] As a further preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the AC voltage detection module includes resistors R20, R21, R22, R23, and R24, capacitors C6, C7, and C8, diode D9, Zener diode D10, and NPN transistor Q2.

[0044] The first input port is connected to the second input port successively through capacitor C6, resistor R20, and capacitor C21. The anode of diode D9 is connected to the junction of resistors R20 and R21. The cathode of diode D9 is connected to the cathode of Zener diode D10. The anode of Zener diode D10 is connected to ground. The two ends of capacitor C7 are connected to the anode and cathode of Zener diode D10 respectively. The cathode of diode D9 is connected to the base of transistor Q2 through resistor R22. The emitter of transistor Q2 is connected to ground. The two ends of resistor R23 are connected to the base and emitter of transistor Q2 respectively. The collector of transistor Q2 is connected to the relay module. The two ends of capacitor C8 are connected to the emitter and collector of transistor Q2 respectively. Resistor R24 ​​is connected in parallel with capacitor C8.

[0045] As a further preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the relay module includes a power chip of model JW5121, relays K1 and K2, inductor L1, MOSFET Q3, capacitors C9, C10, and C11, diodes D11, D12, and D13, resistors R25, R26, R27, R28, R29, and R30. The power chip is configured with an input terminal, an enable terminal, a frequency modulation terminal, a feedback terminal, an open-drain terminal, a drive terminal, a ground terminal, and a bootstrap terminal. The load output terminal includes a first output port and a second output port.

[0046] The cathode of diode D1 is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3 through resistor R27. Capacitor C9 is connected in parallel with resistor R27. The cathode of diode D1 is connected to the input terminal of the power chip. The input terminal of the power chip is connected to the enable terminal of the power chip through resistor R25. The frequency modulation terminal of the power chip is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3 through resistor R26. The ground terminal of the power chip is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3. The bootstrap terminal of the power chip is connected to the drive terminal of the power chip through capacitor C11. The drive terminal of the power chip is connected to one end of inductor L1. The other end of inductor L1... One end of the capacitor C10 is connected to the open-drain terminal of the power supply chip via resistor R28. One end of resistor R29 is connected to the junction of inductor L1 and resistor R28. The other end of resistor R29 is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3 via resistor R30. The feedback terminal of the power supply chip is connected to the junction of resistor R29 and resistor R30. The cathode of diode D11 is connected to the drive terminal of the power supply chip, and the anode of diode D11 is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3. One end of capacitor C10 is connected to the junction of inductor L1 and resistor R28, and the other end of capacitor C10 is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3. One control pin of relay K1 is connected to the junction of inductor L1 and resistor R28; the other control pin of relay K1 is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3; one load pin of relay K1 is connected to the first input port; and the other load pin of relay K1 is connected to the first output port. Similarly, one control pin of relay K2 is connected to the junction of inductor L1 and resistor R28; the other control pin of relay K2 is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3; one load pin of relay K2 is connected to the second input port; and the other load pin of relay K2 is connected to the second output port. The ports are connected, with the cathodes of diodes D12 and D13 connected to the junction of inductor L1 and resistor R28. The anodes of diodes D12 and D13 are connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3. The source of MOSFET Q3 is connected to ground. The DC voltage detection module and the AC voltage detection module are both connected to the gate of MOSFET Q3. In the DC voltage detection module, the anodes of diodes D5 and D8 are connected to the gate of MOSFET Q3. In the AC voltage detection module, the collector of transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q3.

[0047] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the concept of this utility model and the contents of the specification and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A circuit structure for an AC / DC protector, characterized in that, include: Power input terminal; Load output terminal; A reference power supply module is connected to the power supply input terminal and is used to provide several power terminals to the outside, and the several power terminals output different DC power supply voltages respectively. A DC voltage detection module is connected to the power supply input terminal and the reference power supply module respectively, and is used to output a first signal when an overvoltage or undervoltage condition is detected in the DC voltage input to the power supply input terminal. The AC voltage detection module is connected to both the power supply input terminal and the reference power supply module, and is used to output a second signal when an AC voltage is detected at the power supply input terminal. The relay module is connected to the power supply input terminal, the load output terminal, the reference power supply module, the DC voltage detection module, and the AC voltage detection module, respectively, and is used to control the power supply input terminal to disconnect from the load output terminal when a first signal transmitted by the DC voltage detection module or a second signal transmitted by the AC voltage detection module is received.

2. The AC / DC protector circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference power supply module includes a MOSFET Q1, diodes D1 and D2, capacitors C1 and C2, resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4, and a voltage regulator chip of model TL431. The voltage regulator chip is configured with an anode, a cathode, and a reference terminal. The power supply input terminal includes a first input port and a second input port. The first input port is connected to the anode of diode D1. The cathode of diode D1 is connected to the anode of diode D2 through capacitor C1. The cathode of diode D2 is connected to the second input port. The anode of diode D2 is connected to ground. The drain of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the cathode of diode D1. The source of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator chip through resistor R1. The gate of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator chip through resistor R2. The anode of the voltage regulator chip is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D2. The two ends of the capacitor C2 are connected to the anode and cathode of the voltage regulator chip respectively. The cathode of the voltage regulator chip is connected to one end of the resistor R3. The other end of the resistor R3 is connected to one end of the resistor R4. The other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D2. The reference terminal of the voltage regulator chip is connected to the junction of the resistor R3 and the resistor R4. The cathode and reference terminal of the voltage regulator chip serve as the power supply terminals of the reference power module.

3. The AC / DC protector circuit structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The DC voltage detection module includes operational amplifier U1, operational amplifier U2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, capacitor C5, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5, diode D6, diode D7, diode D8, resistor R5, resistor R6, resistor R7, resistor R8, resistor R9, resistor R10, resistor R11, resistor R12, resistor R13, resistor R14, resistor R15, resistor R16, resistor R17, resistor R18, and resistor R19; The cathode of diode D1 is connected to ground via resistors R5 and R6. The cathode of the voltage regulator chip is connected to the cathode of diode D3. The anode of diode D3 is connected to the junction of resistors R5 and R6, and then to the inverting input of operational amplifier U1 via resistor R10. The reference terminal of the voltage regulator chip is connected to ground via resistors R7 and R8. The non-inverting input of operational amplifier U1 is connected to the junction of resistors R7 and R8. Capacitor C3 is connected to the... The resistor R8 is connected in parallel. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to ground through the resistor R12 and the capacitor C4. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode D5. The positive terminal of the diode D5 is connected to the connection point of the resistor R12 and the capacitor C4 through the resistor R13. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode D4 through the resistor R11. The positive terminal of the diode D4 is connected to the connection point of the resistor R7 and the resistor R8. The positive terminal of the diode D5 is connected to the relay module. The cathode of diode D1 is connected to ground via resistors R14 and R15. Capacitor C5 is connected in parallel with resistor R15. The cathode of the voltage regulator chip is connected to the cathode of diode D6. The anode of diode D6 is connected to the junction of resistors R14 and R15. The anode of diode D6 is connected to the non-inverting input of operational amplifier U2 via resistor R17. The inverting input of operational amplifier U2 is connected to the reference terminal of the voltage regulator chip via resistor R16. The output of operational amplifier U2 is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator chip via resistor R18. The output of operational amplifier U2 is connected to the cathode of diode D7. The anode of diode D7 is connected to the anode of diode D6 via resistor R19. The output of operational amplifier U2 is connected to the cathode of diode D8. The anode of diode D8 is connected to the relay module.

4. The AC / DC protector circuit structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The AC voltage detection module includes resistors R20, R21, R22, R23, and R24, capacitors C6, C7, and C8, diode D9, Zener diode D10, and transistor Q2. The first input port is connected to the second input port successively through capacitor C6, resistor R20, and capacitor C21. The anode of diode D9 is connected to the junction of resistors R20 and R21. The cathode of diode D9 is connected to the cathode of Zener diode D10. The anode of Zener diode D10 is connected to ground. The two ends of capacitor C7 are connected to the anode and cathode of Zener diode D10 respectively. The cathode of diode D9 is connected to the base of transistor Q2 through resistor R22. The emitter of transistor Q2 is connected to ground. The two ends of resistor R23 are connected to the base and emitter of transistor Q2 respectively. The collector of transistor Q2 is connected to the relay module. The two ends of capacitor C8 are connected to the emitter and collector of transistor Q2 respectively. Resistor R24 ​​is connected in parallel with capacitor C8.

5. The AC / DC protector circuit structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The relay module includes a power chip of model JW5121, relays K1 and K2, inductor L1, MOSFET Q3, capacitors C9, C10, and C11, diodes D11, D12, and D13, resistors R25, R26, R27, R28, R29, and R30. The power chip is configured with an input terminal, an enable terminal, a frequency modulation terminal, a feedback terminal, an open-drain terminal, a drive terminal, a ground terminal, and a bootstrap terminal. The load output terminal includes a first output port and a second output port. The cathode of diode D1 is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3 through resistor R27. Capacitor C9 is connected in parallel with resistor R27. The cathode of diode D1 is connected to the input terminal of the power chip. The input terminal of the power chip is connected to the enable terminal of the power chip through resistor R25. The frequency modulation terminal of the power chip is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3 through resistor R26. The ground terminal of the power chip is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3. The bootstrap terminal of the power chip is connected to the drive terminal of the power chip through capacitor C11. The drive terminal of the power chip... One end of the capacitor C10 is connected to one end of the inductor L1. The other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the open-drain terminal of the power supply chip through the resistor R28. One end of the resistor R29 is connected to the junction of the inductor L1 and the resistor R28. The other end of the resistor R29 is connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q3 through the resistor R30. The feedback terminal of the power supply chip is connected to the junction of the resistor R29 and the resistor R30. The cathode of the diode D11 is connected to the drive terminal of the power supply chip. The anode of the diode D11 is connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q3. One end of the capacitor C10 is connected to the open-drain terminal of the power supply chip. The connection point of inductor L1 and resistor R28 is connected to the junction of capacitor C10 and resistor Q3. The other end of capacitor C10 is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3. One control pin of relay K1 is connected to the connection point of inductor L1 and resistor R28, and the other control pin of relay K1 is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3. One load pin of relay K1 is connected to the first input port, and the other load pin of relay K1 is connected to the first output port. One control pin of relay K2 is connected to the connection point of inductor L1 and resistor R28, and the other control pin of relay K2... One of the load pins of the relay K2 is connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q3. One load pin of the relay K2 is connected to the second input port, and the other load pin of the relay K2 is connected to the second output port. The cathodes of diodes D12 and D13 are both connected to the junction of inductor L1 and resistor R28. The anodes of diodes D12 and D13 are both connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q3. The source of the MOSFET Q3 is connected to ground. The DC voltage detection module and the AC voltage detection module are both connected to the gate of the MOSFET Q3.

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