Antenna and communication device

Abstract

The utility model provides an antenna and communication equipment, belongs to the technical field of communication, and can solve the problem that an existing antenna is high in cost. The antenna comprises a bearing substrate, a plurality of first sub-arrays and at least one second sub-array, wherein the first sub-arrays and the at least one second sub-array are arranged on the bearing substrate; each second sub-array is arranged between two adjacent first sub-arrays; the first sub-array comprises a plurality of first oscillators arranged side by side in the first direction, the second sub-array comprises a plurality of second oscillators arranged side by side in the first direction, and the working frequency of the first oscillators is higher than that of the second oscillators; the antenna also comprises a plurality of first isolation assemblies and a plurality of second isolation assemblies. The first isolation assemblies are arranged on the bearing substrate, and one first isolation assembly is located between the first sub-array and the second sub-array which are adjacently arranged; and one second isolation assembly is located between the two adjacent first oscillators in the first sub-array. The antenna disclosed by the utility model has the advantages of low cost and stable structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to an antenna and a communication device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of global mobile communication infrastructure, multi-frequency multi-port antennas have quickly become a core component of base station communication equipment due to their advantages such as high network compatibility, large capacity, and dynamic coverage.

[0003] To ensure the mechanical reliability of base station antennas, the international standard BASTA sets forth clear product requirements for multi-frequency, multi-port base station antennas. For example, they need to meet 1G acceleration (9.8m / s²). 2 Sinusoidal vibration and impact; simply put, this requirement means that the base station antenna must maintain normal structure and function in a laboratory environment simulating real vibration (i.e., an environment with an acceleration of 1G, vibration patterns conforming to sinusoidal fluctuations, and including impact), to prove that the product has high structural strength and meets the requirements of actual application environments. Existing base station antenna products on the market all meet the above requirements.

[0004] However, in recent years, due to special environmental conditions (such as frequent extreme weather events or increased earthquake risk), some countries or regions have required base station antennas to meet 2G acceleration (19.6 m / s²). 2 The higher requirements for sinusoidal vibration and impact are standards that traditional base station antennas cannot meet. To address this, related technologies propose using high-performance titanium alloys or carbon fiber composites to replace traditional alloy materials, thereby improving the structural strength of the antenna. While this method can enable the antenna to meet the requirements of 2G acceleration sinusoidal vibration and impact, the special properties of the materials significantly increase the cost of the antenna, greatly limiting its production and application.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a base station antenna that has strong structural stability, low cost, and good performance. Utility Model Content

[0006] This utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. On one hand, it provides an antenna, characterized in that it includes: a carrier substrate, a plurality of first subarrays and at least one second subarray disposed on the carrier substrate, wherein one second subarray is disposed between two adjacent first subarrays; the first subarray includes a plurality of first elements arranged side by side along a first direction, and the second subarray includes a plurality of second elements arranged side by side along the first direction, wherein the operating frequency of the first elements is higher than the operating frequency of the second elements; the antenna further includes a plurality of first isolation components and a plurality of second isolation components; the first isolation components are disposed on the carrier substrate, and one first isolation component is located between adjacent first subarrays and second subarrays; one second isolation component is located between two adjacent first elements in the first subarray.

[0007] In some alternative embodiments, the carrier substrate includes a first base plate and two first side plates connected to the first base plate. The plurality of first subarrays and at least one second subarray are disposed on the first base plate and located between the two first side plates. For the first subarray closest to the first side plate, the first end of the corresponding second isolation component is connected to the first side plate, and the second end of the second isolation component is connected to the first isolation component corresponding to the first subarray.

[0008] In some alternative embodiments, the first isolation component has a plurality of slit openings extending through its thickness, each slit opening corresponding to a first oscillator in the first subarray.

[0009] In some alternative embodiments, the second isolation component includes a first main body and two first extensions respectively connected to both ends of the first main body; the extension direction of the first extensions is perpendicular to the first base plate; for the first subarray closest to the first side plate, the corresponding second isolation component is connected between the first side plate and the first isolation component corresponding to the first subarray through the two first extensions.

[0010] In some alternative embodiments, the second isolation component further includes a first connecting portion; a first end of the first connecting portion is connected to the first main body portion, and a second end of the first connecting portion is connected to the first base plate.

[0011] In some alternative embodiments, the antenna further includes a third isolation component corresponding to the first side plate; the third isolation component is disposed on the side of the first side plate away from the first base plate and has a gap between it and the first side plate.

[0012] In some alternative embodiments, the antenna further includes a plurality of dielectric substrates disposed on the side of the first oscillator away from the carrier substrate.

[0013] In some alternative embodiments, the antenna further includes multiple sets of reinforcing ribs disposed on the carrier substrate, each corresponding to one of the second vibrators; each set of reinforcing ribs includes two reinforcing ribs arranged side by side along the second direction, and the orthographic projections of the set of reinforcing ribs and their corresponding second vibrators on the carrier substrate overlap.

[0014] In some alternative embodiments, the antenna radome and a plurality of fasteners disposed on the bottom wall of the radome are further included; the carrier substrate and a plurality of first subarrays and at least one second subarray disposed on the carrier substrate are placed in the accommodating cavity defined by the radome; the fasteners are used to fix the antenna to an external device.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention provides a communication device, characterized in that it includes the antenna described in any of the embodiments of the first aspect above. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the antenna provided in this disclosure.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna provided in this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The top view of the antenna shown.

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Side view of the antenna shown.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a magnified view of the first isolated component.

[0021] Figure 6 This is an exemplary structural diagram of the second isolation component.

[0022] Figure 7 Is adopted Figure 6 Side view of the antenna of the second isolation component shown.

[0023] Figure 8 This is another exemplary structural diagram of the second isolation component.

[0024] Figure 9 Is adopted Figure 7 Side view of the antenna of the second isolation component shown.

[0025] Figure 10This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of another antenna provided in this disclosure.

[0026] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 The top view of the antenna shown.

[0027] Figure 12 yes Figure 10 Side view of the antenna shown.

[0028] Figure 13 yes Figure 10 A magnified view of the antenna shown.

[0029] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the radome and mounting hardware.

[0030] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the antenna and external devices provided in this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 A magnified view of the area enclosed by the dashed line.

[0032] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna that includes three fixing components.

[0033] Figure 18 yes Figure 17 The diagram shows the connection between the antenna and the external device.

[0034] Figure 19 yes Figure 2 The antenna shown is viewed from below.

[0035] Figure 20 yes Figure 2 The antenna shown is a return loss curve in the high-frequency band.

[0036] Figure 21 yes Figure 2 The antenna shown has an isolation curve in the low-frequency band.

[0037] Figure 22 yes Figure 2 The antenna shown has an isolation curve in the high-frequency band.

[0038] Figure 23 yes Figure 2 The H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna shown.

[0039] Figure 24 yes Figure 2 The antenna shown has an E-plane radiation pattern.

[0040] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0041] 1. Supporting substrate; 10. First subarray; 20. Second subarray; 101. First vibrator; 201. Second vibrator; 100. First isolation assembly; 200. Second isolation assembly; 300. Third isolation assembly; 11. First base plate; 12. First side plate; 110. Slit opening; 210. First main body; 220. First extension; 230. First connecting part; 400. Dielectric substrate; 500. Reinforcing rib; 600. Radome; 700. Fixing member; 801. First phase shifter; 802. Second phase shifter. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an,” “a,” or “the,” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “including,” “comprising,” or “containing,” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms “connected,” “linked,” or similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described objects changes.

[0044] As used herein, “parallel” and “perpendicular” include the described situation and situations that are similar to the described situation, within an acceptable range of deviation, which is determined by those skilled in the art taking into account the measurement under discussion and the error associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, “parallel” includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate parallelism may be, for example, within 5°; “perpendicular” includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate perpendicularity may also be, for example, within 5°.

[0045] It should be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being on another layer or substrate, it can mean that the layer or element is directly on the other layer or substrate, or that there is an intermediate layer between the layer or element and the other layer or substrate.

[0046] In this article, "electrical connection" includes the situation where constituent elements are connected together by a component that has a certain electrical function. There are no particular restrictions on the "component that has a certain electrical function" as long as it enables the transmission and reception of electrical signals between the connected constituent elements. Examples of "components that have a certain electrical function" include not only electrodes and wiring, but also switching elements such as transistors, resistors, inductors, capacitors, and other components with various functions.

[0047] This document describes exemplary embodiments with reference to sectional views and / or plan views, which are idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and regions is enlarged for clarity. Therefore, variations in shape relative to the drawings are contemplated due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Therefore, exemplary embodiments should not be construed as limited to the shapes of the regions shown herein, but rather include shape deviations due to, for example, manufacturing processes. Thus, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to show the actual shapes of the regions of the device, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

[0048] In related technologies, in order to improve the structural stability of the antenna and enable it to withstand a laboratory acceleration of 2G (19.6m / s²), 2 Sinusoidal vibration and shock testing often employs novel, specialized materials such as high-performance titanium alloys or carbon fiber composites to replace traditional alloy materials. However, antennas made with these new materials are expensive and difficult to widely apply, thus significantly limiting their application scenarios. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an antenna with strong structural stability and low cost to meet the requirements of communication equipment in various environments.

[0049] In order to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, in one respect, this disclosure provides an antenna.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the antenna provided in this disclosure; Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna provided in this disclosure; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Top view of the provided antenna; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Side view of the antenna shown. (Refer to...) Figures 1-4The antenna provided in this disclosure includes: a carrier substrate 1, a plurality of first subarrays 10 disposed on the carrier substrate 1, and at least one second subarray 20, wherein a second subarray 20 is disposed between two adjacent first subarrays 10. Specifically, the first subarray 10 includes a plurality of first elements 101 arranged side by side along a first direction, and the second subarray 20 includes a plurality of second elements 201 arranged side by side along the first direction. The operating frequency of the first oscillator 101 differs from that of the second oscillator 201. For example, the operating frequency of the first oscillator 101 may be higher than that of the second oscillator 201. For instance, the operating frequency of the first oscillator 101 is between 1710MHz and 2690MHz, while the operating frequency of the second oscillator 201 is between 690MHz and 960MHz. Accordingly, the first oscillator 101 can also be referred to as a high-frequency oscillator, and the second oscillator 201 as a low-frequency oscillator. It should be noted in advance that the terms "first oscillator 101" and "high-frequency oscillator" used in this document are different naming conventions for the same component, and similarly, "second oscillator 201" and "low-frequency oscillator" are different naming conventions for the same component. (Continue to refer to...) Figures 1-4 The antenna provided in this disclosure also includes a plurality of first isolation components 100 and a plurality of second isolation components 200. The first isolation components 100 are disposed on the carrier substrate 1, and one first isolation component 100 is located between adjacent first subarrays 10 and second subarrays 20. A second isolation component 200 is located between two adjacent first elements 101 in the first subarray 10.

[0051] The antenna provided in this disclosure, by providing a first isolation component 100 on the carrier substrate 1 located between the first subarray 10 and the second subarray 20, and a second isolation component 200 located between two adjacent first elements 101 in the first subarray 10, can improve the overall structural stability of the antenna without using expensive special materials. Furthermore, the first isolation component 100 located between the first subarray 10 and the second subarray 20 can improve the isolation between elements with different operating frequencies, i.e., improve the isolation between high-frequency and low-frequency elements. Moreover, the second isolation component 200 located between two adjacent first elements 101 in the first subarray 10 can improve the isolation between two adjacent high-frequency elements. Therefore, the antenna provided in this disclosure has the advantages of strong structural stability, low cost, strong anti-interference capability, and good radiation performance.

[0052] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some examples, the carrier substrate 1 of the antenna provided in this disclosure includes a first base plate 11 and two first side plates 12 connected to the first base plate 11, such as... Figure 4As shown, the side view of the supporting substrate 1 is U-shaped; wherein, a plurality of first subarrays 10 and at least one second subarray 20 are disposed on the first base plate 11 and located between two first side plates 12. For the first subarray 10 closest to the first side plate 12, the first end of the corresponding second isolation component 200 is connected to the first side plate 12, and the second end of the second isolation component 200 is connected to the first isolation component 100 corresponding to the first subarray 10.

[0053] In the above example, by bending the two sides of the first base plate 11 of the supporting substrate 1 in a third direction to form two first side plates 12, the stability of the supporting substrate 1 can be enhanced and the rigidity of the antenna can be improved. On the other hand, the front-to-back ratio of the antenna can be increased and sidelobes can be suppressed, thereby improving the directivity of the antenna. Moreover, in the above example, by connecting the multiple second isolation components 200 correspondingly arranged in the first subarray 10 closest to the first side plate 12 with the first side plate 12 and the first isolation components 100, the overall structural stability of the antenna can be further improved, making it adaptable to high-intensity vibration and shock in extreme environments.

[0054] Figure 5 This is a local magnified view of the first isolated component. (Refer to...) Figure 2 and Figure 5 In some examples, the first isolation component 100 has a plurality of slit openings 110 extending through its thickness direction, each slit opening 110 corresponding one-to-one with a first oscillator 101 in the first subarray 10. For example, the slit opening 110 may be... Figure 5 The rectangular opening shown can also be an elliptical opening or an annular opening, etc. The specific shape of the slit opening 110 can be flexibly set, and this disclosure does not limit it.

[0055] In the above example, by opening a slit opening 110 on the first isolation component 100, the continuous path of the current can be disrupted, thereby further reducing the mutual interference of electromagnetic waves in different frequency bands, improving the isolation between the high-frequency vibrator and the low-frequency vibrator, and enhancing the antenna's anti-interference capability and its radiation performance in each frequency band.

[0056] The following section introduces several exemplary structures of the second isolation component 200.

[0057] Figure 6 This is the first exemplary structure of the second isolation component. For example... Figure 6 As shown, in this example, the second isolation component 200 includes a first main body 210 and two first extensions 220; wherein, the extension direction of the first main body 210 is parallel to the plane where the first bottom plate 11 of the carrier substrate 1 is located, the extension direction of the two first extensions 220 is perpendicular to the plane where the first bottom plate 11 of the carrier substrate 1 is located, and the two first extensions 220 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first main body 210. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second isolation component 200 of this structure installed in the antenna, as shown. Figure 7 As shown, for the first sub-array 10 closest to the first side plate 12, the corresponding second isolation component 200 is connected between the first side plate 12 and the first isolation component 100 corresponding to the first sub-array 10 through two first extensions 220.

[0058] In the above example, by providing first extensions 220 at both ends of the first main body 210 of the second isolation component 200, it is convenient to install the second isolation component 200 on the antenna, and the connection stability between the second isolation component 200, the first isolation component 100 and the carrier substrate 1 can be strengthened, thereby further improving the structural stability of the antenna.

[0059] Figure 8 This is a second exemplary structure for the second isolation component. For example... Figure 8 As shown, in this example, the second isolation component 200 includes a first main body portion 210 and two first extension portions 220. The extension direction of the first main body portion 210 is parallel to the plane containing the first base plate 11 of the supporting substrate 1, and the extension directions of the two first extension portions 220 are perpendicular to the plane containing the first base plate 11 of the supporting substrate 1. The two first extension portions 220 are respectively connected to both ends of the first main body portion 210. In addition, the second isolation component 200 also includes a first connecting portion 230, the first end of which is connected to the first main body portion 210, and the second end of which is connected to the first base plate 11 of the supporting substrate 1. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second isolation component 200 of this structure installed in the antenna, as shown. Figure 9 As shown, for the first sub-array 10 closest to the first side plate 12, the corresponding second isolation component 200 is connected between the first side plate 12 and the first isolation component 100 corresponding to the first sub-array 10 through two first extensions 220. At the same time, the second isolation component 200 is fixed to the first bottom plate 11 of the carrier substrate 1 through the first connecting part 230.

[0060] In the above example, by providing first extensions 220 at both ends of the first main body 210 of the second isolation component 200, and providing a first connecting portion 230 connecting the first base plate 11 of the carrier substrate 1 and the first main body 210, it is convenient for the second isolation component 200 to be installed on the antenna, and the connection stability between the second isolation component 200 and the carrier substrate 1 can be strengthened, thereby further improving the structural stability of the antenna.

[0061] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4In some examples, the antenna provided in this disclosure further includes a third isolation component 300 corresponding one-to-one with the first side plate 12. For the correspondingly configured first side plate 12 and third isolation component 300, the third isolation component 300 is disposed on the side of the first side plate 12 facing away from the first base plate 11, and has a gap between it and the first side plate 12. In a specific implementation, the third isolation component 300 can be installed using a plastic connector (not shown in the figure), which defines the gap between the third isolation component 300 and the correspondingly connected first side plate 12.

[0062] In the above example, by installing a third isolation component 300 above the first side plate 12 of the carrier substrate 1, and setting a gap between the third isolation component 300 and the first side plate 12, the structural stability of the antenna can be further enhanced; on the other hand, the radiation performance of the high-frequency vibrator 101 and the low-frequency vibrator 201 can be improved, thereby increasing the front-to-back ratio and directivity of the antenna.

[0063] To further enhance the radiation performance of the high-frequency oscillator 101, in some examples, the antenna provided in this disclosure also includes multiple dielectric substrates. Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an antenna including a dielectric substrate;

[0064] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Top view of the antenna shown; Figure 12 yes Figure 10 Side view of the antenna shown. (Refer to...) Figures 10-12 The antenna provided in this disclosure includes a plurality of dielectric substrates 400, and the dielectric substrates 400 are disposed on the side of the first oscillator 101 opposite to the first base plate 11 of the supporting substrate 1. In specific implementations, the dielectric substrates 400 can be connected to the first oscillator 101 by processes such as bonding (e.g., conductive adhesive), mechanical pressing (e.g., screws or clips), welding, or thin film deposition.

[0065] In the above example, by placing a dielectric substrate 400 above the radiating part of the high-frequency oscillator 101, the electromagnetic field distribution of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the high-frequency oscillator 101 can be optimized, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the high-frequency oscillator.

[0066] Continue to refer to Figures 10-12 In some examples, the antenna provided in this disclosure further includes a plurality of reinforcing ribs 500 disposed on a first base plate 11 of the carrier substrate 1, each corresponding to a second vibrator 201. Figure 13 This is an enlarged view of the reinforcing rib, such as... Figure 13As shown, a set of reinforcing ribs 500 includes two reinforcing ribs 500 arranged side by side along the second direction, and the orthographic projections of the set of reinforcing ribs 500 and their corresponding second oscillator 201 on the first base plate 11 of the supporting substrate 1 overlap (see reference). Figure 11 In practical implementation, the reinforcing rib 500 can be installed on the first base plate 11 of the bearing base plate 1 by bolts or slots.

[0067] In the above example, by setting a set of reinforcing ribs 500 below the radiating part of each second vibrator 201 in the second subarray 20, the stability of the antenna can be further enhanced and the antenna stiffness can be improved. On the other hand, the reinforcing ribs 500 can suppress the back radiation of the low-frequency vibrator 201, improve its forward radiation ratio, and optimize the radiation performance of the low-frequency vibrator 201.

[0068] In some examples, the antenna provided in this disclosure also includes an antenna radome 600. Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the radome; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the antenna and external devices; Figure 16 yes Figure 15 A magnified view of the area enclosed by the dashed line. (Refer to...) Figures 14-16 The antenna provided in this disclosure also includes an radome 100 and a plurality of fasteners 700 disposed on the bottom wall of the radome 100. Those skilled in the art will understand that the aforementioned supporting substrate 1 and the plurality of first subarrays 10 and at least one second subarray 20 disposed on the first base plate 11 of the supporting substrate 1 are placed within the accommodating cavity defined by the radome 600; the fasteners 700 are configured to fix the antenna to an external device T. Here, the external device T refers to a device that carries the antenna, such as a cylindrical pole or a tower (this disclosure uses a cylindrical pole as an example); optionally, the fasteners 700 can be clamps (e.g., U-bolt clamps), elastic or rigid clamps, or mounting brackets, etc., and the appropriate type of fastener 700 can be selected according to the shape and material of the external device T in practical applications.

[0069] exist Figure 15 In the antenna, there are two fasteners 700, which are located at the two ends of the antenna cover 600. In order to ensure a stable connection between the antenna and the external device T, more fasteners 700 can be used. Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the antenna, which includes three fixing components; Figure 18 yes Figure 17 The diagram shows the connection between the antenna and the external device T. Figures 17-18As shown, when three fasteners 700 are used, two of the fasteners 700 can be respectively disposed at the first end and the second end of the radome 600, and the third fastener 700 is disposed between the first end and the second end. Preferably, the ratio between the distance L2 between the fastener 700 located between the first end and the second end and the first end and the length L1 of the radome 600 is within a certain range. This ensures that the antenna is securely mounted on the external device, thereby reducing the risk of the antenna falling off the external device in extreme weather or environments.

[0070] The structure of the antenna provided in this disclosure has been described above. In order to further clarify the technical details of the antenna provided in this disclosure, the material, size parameters, and positional relationship between each component and other components are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0071] Reference Figures 2-5 as well as Figures 10-13 The antenna provided in this disclosure may include two first subarrays 10 and a second subarray 20 disposed between the two first subarrays 10. Each first subarray 10 includes 24 first elements 101 arranged side-by-side along a first direction, and each second subarray 20 includes 10 second elements 201 arranged side-by-side along the first direction. The operating frequencies of the first elements 101 are between 1710MHz and 2690MHz, and the operating frequencies of the second elements 201 are between 690MHz and 960MHz. Correspondingly, there are two first isolation components 100, one disposed between one first subarray 10 and the second subarray 20, and the other disposed between the other first subarray 10 and the second subarray 20; each first isolation component 100 has 24 slot openings 101. For each first subarray 10, there are 23 corresponding second isolation components 200, disposed between each pair of adjacent first elements 101.

[0072] Specifically, for the first subarray 10, the side length w3 of the radiating part of the first oscillator 101 is between 0.37λ1 and 0.45λ1, where λ1 refers to the wavelength in free space corresponding to the operating frequency of the first oscillator 101; the distance h3 between the first oscillator 101 and the first base plate 11 of the supporting substrate 1 is between 0.15λ1 and 0.3λ1; the distance d2 between two adjacent first oscillators 101 is between 0.7λ1 and 0.85λ1; and the distance d3 between two adjacent first subarrays 10 is between 1.2λ1 and 1.8λ1.

[0073] For the second subarray 20, the side length W2 of the radiating part of the second oscillator 201 is between 0.4λ2 and 0.5λ2, where λ1 refers to the wavelength of free space corresponding to the operating frequency of the second oscillator 201; the distance h2 between the second oscillator 201 and the first base plate 11 of the supporting substrate 1 is 0.15λ2 to 0.25λ2; and the distance d4 between two adjacent second oscillators 201 is 0.65λ2 to 0.8λ2.

[0074] The supporting substrate 1, the first isolation component 100, the second isolation component 200, and the third isolation component 300 can all be made of metal. The maximum distance h1 between the first side plate 12 and the first base plate 11 of the supporting substrate 1 is 0.15λ1-0.3λ1. The maximum distance h4 between the first isolation component 100 and the first base plate 11 is also 0.15λ1-0.3λ1, meaning the height of the first isolation component 100 is approximately the same as the height of the first oscillator 101. Since the second isolation component 200 overlaps between the first isolation component 100 and the first side plate 12, the maximum distance between the second isolation component 200 and the first base plate 11 is also 0.15λ1-0.3λ1. The gap d1 between the third isolation component 300 and the correspondingly connected first side plate 12 is between 5mm and 15mm.

[0075] Reference Figures 10-12 The antenna provided in this disclosure includes four dielectric substrates 400. The dielectric substrates 400 are disposed on the side of the first vibrator 101 facing away from the first base plate 11, and the orthographic projections of the dielectric substrates 400 and the corresponding first vibrator 101 on the first base plate 11 overlap. The dielectric substrates 400 can be made of low-loss and stable dielectric constant (dielectric constant can be 2-4), such as Rogers, polytetrafluoroethylene, ceramic materials, or silicon-based materials. The spacing between the dielectric substrates 400 and the radiating portions of the corresponding first vibrator 101 is 0-5 mm; the side length of the dielectric substrate 400 is 0.5λ1-λ1.

[0076] Reference Figures 10-13 The antenna provided in this disclosure includes 10 sets of reinforcing ribs 500, with each set of reinforcing ribs 500 disposed between a second vibrator 201 and a first base plate 11. The maximum distance h5 between the reinforcing rib 500 and the first base plate 11 is between 0.05λ2 and 0.15λ2; for a set of reinforcing ribs 500, the distance d5 between two parallel reinforcing ribs 500 is between 0.05λ2 and 0.15λ2.

[0077] Figure 19 A bottom view of the antenna provided in this disclosure. Figure 19As shown, the antenna provided in this disclosure also includes a plurality of first phase shifters 801 and at least one second phase shifter 802 disposed on the side of the first base plate 11 of the carrier substrate 1 facing away from the first subarray 10, wherein the first phase shifters 801 are configured to control the beamforming and phase control of the first vibrator 101 in the first subarray 10; and the second phase shifter 802 is configured to control the beamforming and phase control of the second vibrator 201 of the second subarray 20.

[0078] To reduce circuit complexity and cable count, the 24 first elements 101 in a first subarray 10 can be divided into two groups, each group consisting of 12 first elements. Each group of 12 first elements 101 shares a single first phase shifter 801; that is, one first subarray 10 corresponds to two first phase shifters 801. Preferably, the first phase shifter 801 for each group is positioned near the center of the group's first elements (it can be offset from the center by ±0.2λ1). This facilitates cable routing, reduces cable length, and thus reduces cable losses. (Continue referring to...) Figure 19 For the second subarray 20, the 10 second oscillators 201 share a second phase shifter 802, and preferably, the second phase shifter 802 is located near the center of the second subarray 20 (it can be offset from the center by ±0.2λ2).

[0079] To demonstrate the feasibility of the antenna provided in this disclosure, the following describes the application of... Figure 2 Simulation results of various performance parameters of the antenna shown. Figure 20 This is the return loss curve of the antenna provided in this disclosure at high frequencies; Figure 21 This is the isolation curve of the antenna provided in this disclosure in the low-frequency band; Figure 22 This is the isolation curve of the antenna provided in this disclosure at high frequencies; Figure 23 This is the H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna provided in this disclosure; Figure 24 This is the E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna provided in this disclosure.

[0080] from Figure 20 As can be seen, the antenna provided in this disclosure has a return loss of almost all less than -22dB in the high-frequency (1.69GHz-2.69GHz) operating band, and can reach less than -35dB near 2GHz. Therefore, if the reflected power is less than 10% as the standard, the effective bandwidth of the antenna provided in this disclosure in the 1.69GHz-2.69GHz range can reach 800MHz, which meets the bandwidth requirements of base station antennas.

[0081] from Figure 21As can be seen, the antenna provided in this disclosure has an isolation of almost all less than -20dB in the low-frequency (690MHz-960MHz) operating band, which meets the industry requirement that the isolation between adjacent ports of a multi-port antenna is less than or equal to -20dB. Furthermore, it reaches -35dB at 840MHz, which means that there is very little signal leakage and excellent isolation effect at this frequency.

[0082] from Figure 22 As can be seen, the antenna provided in this disclosure has an isolation of most high-frequency elements between -20dB and -35dB in the high-frequency operating band (1.69GHz-2.69GHz), which meets the industry's basic requirement that the isolation between adjacent ports in multi-port antennas is less than or equal to -20dB. Furthermore, in the 2.2GHz-2.6GHz band, the isolation of most elements is better than -25dB, which means that the electromagnetic coupling between adjacent elements is relatively weak in this band.

[0083] from Figure 23 As can be seen, the antenna provided in this disclosure has a narrow main lobe (HPBW approximately ±30°) and a gain of approximately 14 dBi, making it suitable for long-distance directional communication. Simultaneously, the antenna provided in this disclosure has low backscattering, with a front-to-back ratio of approximately 35.1 dB, meeting the requirement of most directional antennas to have a gain of ≥30 dB. Figure 24 As can be seen, the antenna provided in this disclosure has high directivity (20dB gain) and narrow beam (±5°) characteristics, which meets the requirements of communication systems for high gain and wide bandwidth antennas.

[0084] Based on the same inventive concept, in a second aspect, this disclosure provides a communication device that includes the antenna provided in the first aspect.

[0085] In addition to the above, the communication equipment provided in this disclosure also includes: a transceiver unit, a radio frequency transceiver, a signal amplifier, a power amplifier, and a filtering unit. The antenna in the communication equipment can serve as either a transmitting antenna or a receiving antenna. The transceiver unit may include a baseband and a receiving end. The baseband provides signals in at least one frequency band, such as 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G signals, and transmits the signals in at least one frequency band to the radio frequency transceiver. After receiving the signal, the antenna in the communication equipment can process it through the filtering unit, power amplifier, signal amplifier, and radio frequency transceiver before transmitting it to the receiving end in the transceiver unit. The receiving end may be, for example, a smart gateway.

[0086] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to the transceiver unit and is used to modulate the signals transmitted by the transceiver unit, or to demodulate the signals received by the antenna before transmitting them to the transceiver unit. Specifically, the RF transceiver may include a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a modulation circuit, and a demodulation circuit. After the transmitting circuit receives various types of signals provided by the baseband, the modulation circuit can modulate these signals before sending them to the antenna. The antenna receives the signals and transmits them to the receiving circuit of the RF transceiver. The receiving circuit then transmits the signals to the demodulation circuit, which demodulates the signals before transmitting them to the receiving end.

[0087] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to a signal amplifier and a power amplifier, which are then connected to a filtering unit. The filtering unit is connected to at least one antenna. During signal transmission, the signal amplifier improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the RF transceiver's output signal before transmitting it to the filtering unit; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the RF transceiver's output signal before transmitting it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit may include a duplexer and a filtering circuit. The filtering unit combines the signals output from the signal amplifier and power amplifier, filters out noise, and transmits them to the antenna, which then radiates the signal. During signal reception, the antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit filters out noise from the received signal before transmitting it to the signal amplifier and power amplifier. The signal amplifier increases the gain of the received signal, improving the SNR; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the received signal. The signal received by the antenna, after processing by the power amplifier and signal amplifier, is transmitted to the RF transceiver, which then transmits it to the transceiver unit.

[0088] In some examples, the signal amplifier may include various types of signal amplifiers, such as low-noise amplifiers, without limitation.

[0089] In some examples, the communication device provided in this disclosure also includes a power management unit connected to a power amplifier and providing the power amplifier with a voltage for amplifying signals.

[0090] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of this utility model, and the utility model is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, include: The carrier substrate, a plurality of first subarrays and at least one second subarray disposed on the carrier substrate, wherein a second subarray is disposed between two adjacent first subarrays; the first subarray includes a plurality of first oscillators arranged side by side along a first direction, and the second subarray includes a plurality of second oscillators arranged side by side along the first direction, wherein the operating frequency of the first oscillators is higher than the operating frequency of the second oscillators; The antenna also includes multiple first isolation components and multiple second isolation components; The first isolation component is disposed on the carrier substrate, and one of the first isolation components is located between the adjacent first subarray and the second subarray; A second isolation component is located between two adjacent first oscillators in the first subarray.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting substrate includes a first base plate and two first side plates connected to the first base plate. The plurality of first subarrays and at least one second subarray are disposed on the first base plate and located between the two first side plates. For the first subarray closest to the first side plate, the first end of the corresponding second isolation component is connected to the first side plate, and the second end of the second isolation component is connected to the corresponding first isolation component of the first subarray.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first isolation component has a plurality of slit openings extending through its thickness, each slit opening corresponding to a first oscillator in the first subarray.

4. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second isolation component includes a first main body and two first extensions respectively connected to both ends of the first main body; the extension direction of the first extensions is perpendicular to the first base plate; For the first sub-array closest to the first side plate, the corresponding second isolation component is connected between the first side plate and the first isolation component corresponding to the first sub-array through the two first extensions.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second isolation component also includes a first connecting portion; The first end of the first connecting part is connected to the first main body part, and the second end of the first connecting part is connected to the first base plate.

6. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a third isolation component that corresponds one-to-one with the first side panel; The third isolation component is disposed on the side of the first side plate away from the first bottom plate and has a gap between it and the first side plate.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It also includes multiple dielectric substrates; The dielectric substrate is disposed on the side of the first oscillator away from the carrier substrate.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It also includes multiple sets of reinforcing ribs that correspond one-to-one with the second oscillator, disposed on the supporting substrate; A set of the reinforcing ribs includes two reinforcing ribs arranged side by side along the second direction, and the orthographic projection of the set of the reinforcing ribs and the corresponding second oscillator on the supporting substrate overlaps.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It also includes an antenna radome and multiple fasteners disposed on the bottom wall of the antenna radome; The carrier substrate and a plurality of first subarrays and at least one second subarray disposed on the carrier substrate are placed in the accommodating cavity defined by the radome. The fastener is used to securely connect the antenna to an external device.

10. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes the antenna as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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