Lithium battery power supply module

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a lithium battery power supply module, which comprises a modularized power supply module or a plurality of modularized power supply modules connected in parallel, each modularized power supply module comprises a plurality of battery cell modules connected in series, a fuse, an output control board, a mainboard, a battery management system BMS, an LED display key board and a hot plug interface, the voltage ends of the battery cell modules connected in series are connected with the battery management system BMS, the current end of the battery management system BMS is connected to the output control board, the output control board is connected with the hot plug interface and the mainboard, and the mainboard is connected with the LED display key board; the modularized lithium battery backup power supply system capable of being connected in parallel is small in size and light in weight, a user can freely combine the modularized power supply system according to the actual capacity requirement due to the modularization advantage, the number of battery cell modules with different capacities and different numbers can be selected to be connected in series, and the reliability is high. And flexible adjustment of voltage, capacity and power output of the parallel modular lithium battery power supply system is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lithium battery technology, and in particular to a lithium battery power module. Background Technology

[0002] In the current backup power supply field, traditional nickel-cadmium and lead-acid battery packs suffer from limitations due to their individual cell voltage being 1 to 2V lower, their specific capacity being 20 to 40Wh / kg lower, and their single cell capacity being limited to 6 to 1000AH. They typically use a single group of 50 to 400 cells of the same capacity and internal resistance in series to meet system voltage and capacity requirements. This fixed configuration lacks sufficient reliability and scalability, making it difficult to meet the needs of diverse application scenarios. Especially in backup power systems that use batteries as energy storage (such as UPS and EPS), 110V and 220V DC power supplies for high-voltage substations, and new energy storage devices, the performance, capacity, reliability, and management efficiency of battery packs become critical factors. In existing technologies, most battery packs use fixed configurations, resulting in large size, heavy weight, low cycle life (generally 500 cycles), and a short float charging life of about 5 years. This makes it difficult to flexibly adjust battery capacity, output voltage, and power output according to actual needs, which not only limits their application range but also increases cost and maintenance difficulty.

[0003] The shortcomings of existing technologies also include:

[0004] Rigid Structure: Traditional battery systems typically use a fixed series connection to achieve system voltage, such as the fixed 22S (series) configuration of Tesla Powerpack. This configuration cannot be dynamically adjusted according to real-time changes in load voltage, which requires additional DC / DC conversion equipment and results in efficiency loss (typically ≥8%).

[0005] Poor fault tolerance: In existing technologies, the failure of a single series cell may trigger a cascading failure of the entire system. For example, the 2019 Arizona energy storage station explosion was caused by thermal runaway propagation due to module-level fuse delay.

[0006] Inefficient operation and maintenance: When a battery fails, traditional systems usually require the entire system to be disassembled to replace the faulty battery, which results in a mean time to repair (MTTR) of more than 2 hours, seriously affecting system availability and operation and maintenance efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This utility model provides a lithium battery power module that realizes a modular, parallel-connectable lithium battery backup power system. It is small in size and light in weight. Due to its modular advantage, users can freely combine modular power systems according to actual capacity requirements. Different capacities and numbers of cell modules can be selected for series connection. It realizes flexible adjustment of voltage, capacity, and power output of the parallel modular lithium battery power system. It can also monitor and store the operating parameters of all battery cells throughout their entire life cycle, and use them to estimate the correct state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), etc.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A lithium battery power module includes one or more modular power modules connected in parallel. Each modular power module includes multiple series-connected cell modules, fuses, an output control board, a main board, a battery management system (BMS), an LED display button board, and a hot-swappable interface. The fuses are connected in series in the circuit of the multiple series-connected cell modules. The positive terminal of the output voltage of each series-connected cell module is connected to the DC voltage terminal of the output control board. The control output terminal of the output control board is connected to the DC bus via the hot-swappable interface. The negative terminal of the output voltage of each series-connected cell module is connected to the voltage terminal of the BMS. The current terminal of the BMS is connected to the charging control terminal and the discharging control terminal of the output control board. A 485 communication port of the BMS is connected to the communication port of the cell module. Another 485 communication port of the BMS is connected to the 485 communication port of the main board. The output control terminal of the main board is connected to the control input terminal of the output control board. The main board is connected to the hot-swappable interface via a CAN bus. The input terminal of the main board is connected to the LED display button board.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a mechanical relay and a diode. The mechanical relay is connected in series between the positive terminal of the DC power supply and the positive terminal of the control output of the output control board. The diode and the mechanical relay are connected in series, and the circuit after series connection is then connected in series between the negative terminal of the control output of the output control board and the negative terminal of the DC power supply, between the negative terminal of the control output of the output control board and the charging control terminal, and between the negative terminal of the control output of the output control board and the discharging control terminal. The polarity of the diode connected in series between the negative terminal of the control output of the output control board and the charging control terminal is set opposite to the polarity of the diode between the negative terminal of the control output of the output control board and the discharging control terminal.

[0011] Furthermore, the number of battery cell modules is set to 2 to 40.

[0012] Furthermore, the cell module includes a sampling board and lithium battery cells consisting of individual cylindrical lithium battery cells connected in parallel and then in series. The lithium battery cells are arranged in a rectangular or honeycomb pattern, and the gaps between the lithium battery cells are filled with boron nitride thermally conductive adhesive. A liquid cooling plate is provided between the cell modules and filled with phase change material. The communication port of the sampling board is connected to the 485 communication port of the battery management system (BMS), and the voltage acquisition port of the sampling board is connected to both ends of each parallel lithium battery cell.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature sensor, which is located at 4 to 6 high temperature points on the surface of the cell module and is connected to a sampling board.

[0014] Furthermore, the modular power module is provided with a flame-retardant outer shell, and the inner part of the shell is composited with a 1-2 mm SiO2-based aerogel layer.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a rectifier inverter, the AC input terminal of which is connected to the AC interface of a hot-swappable power supply, the DC output terminal of which is connected to the DC power supply terminal of the series-connected battery cell module and the output control board respectively, and the CAN bus interface of which is connected to the hot-swappable interface and the CAN bus interface of the motherboard respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the rectifier inverter includes a unidirectional rectifier inverter or a bidirectional rectifier inverter.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1) The modular design of the entire system allows users to freely combine the number of parallel modular lithium battery power systems according to actual needs, and to flexibly adjust the capacity and power output;

[0019] 2) It meets the demand for large-capacity power supply through multiple parallel modular power supply systems, while having good system reliability and scalability;

[0020] 2) By monitoring and storing the status of all individual lithium battery cells in real time through the battery management system (BMS), intelligent fault warning, automatic protection, remote monitoring and fault diagnosis can be performed to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system, improve energy utilization efficiency, and estimate the correct state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), etc.

[0021] 3) The mechanical relays, rectifier inverters, main control board and battery management system (BMS) of the output control board are used to control the charging and discharging and whether to output, thus ensuring the stable regulation of the charging and discharging of the system.

[0022] 4) Applicable to industries such as backup power supplies, DC power supplies, energy storage devices, and emergency power supplies, meeting the requirements for high reliability, long battery life, and flexible configuration;

[0023] 5) The modular design allows for timely replacement of the modular lithium battery power system in case of battery failure, resulting in good fault tolerance and high operation and maintenance efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the EB module structure without a rectifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the EB module structure of this utility model, which is equipped with a unidirectional rectifier inverter.

[0026] Figure 3 This utility model includes a schematic diagram of the EB module structure with a bidirectional rectifier inverter.

[0027] Figure 4 This utility model presents a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple EB modules connected in parallel. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0029] The following embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of this utility model, providing detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes. However, the protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the following embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the methods used in the above embodiments are conventional methods.

[0030]

Example 1

[0031] See Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention with a rectifier and inverter. The present invention provides a lithium battery power module, including a modular power module EB module. The modular power module includes multiple series-connected cell modules, fuses, an output control board, a main board, a battery management system (BMS), an LED display button board, a hot-swappable interface, mechanical relays, diodes, and a temperature sensor.

[0032] The battery cell module consists of 5 cells, each including a sampling board and a parallel circuit of 12 groups of 3 series-connected lithium battery cells. The lithium battery cells are arranged in a rectangular or honeycomb pattern, and the gaps between the cells are filled with boron nitride thermally conductive adhesive. The communication port of the sampling board is connected to the 485 communication port of the battery management system (BMS), and the voltage acquisition port of the sampling board is connected to both ends of each parallel lithium battery cell. The temperature sensor is a PT1000 patch sensor with an accuracy of ±0.5℃, located at the four highest temperature points on the outer surface of the battery cell module, and connected to the sampling board. The fuse FU1 is connected in series in the multiple series-connected battery cell module circuits to protect the series circuits of the battery cell modules.

[0033] The control output terminals EB output- and EB output+ of the output control board are connected to the output terminals EB output- and EB output+ of the hot-swappable interface. The output terminals EB output- and EB output+ of the hot-swappable interface are connected to the DC bus. The DC voltage terminal B+DC+ of the output control board is connected to the B+ terminal of the series-connected battery cell module. The mechanical relay K4 is connected in series between B+ and EB output+ of the output control board. The diode VD1 and the mechanical relay K1 are connected in series, and the resulting circuit is then connected in series between EB output- and DC- of the output control board. The diode VD2 and the mechanical relay K2 are connected in series, and the resulting circuit is then connected in series between EB output- and the charging control terminal P- of the output control board. The diode VD3 and the mechanical relay K3 are connected in series, and the resulting circuit is then connected in series between EB output- and the discharging control terminal P- of the output control board. The diodes VD2 and VD3 are set with opposite polarities, with VD2 performing discharging control and VD3 performing charging control.

[0034] The output terminal B- of the series-connected battery cell module is connected to the voltage terminal B- of the battery management system (BMS). The current terminal P- of the BMS is connected to the charging control terminal and the discharging control terminal P- of the output control board. The 485 communication port of the BMS is connected to the communication port of the battery cell module. Another 485 communication port of the BMS is connected to the 485 communication port of the motherboard. The output control terminal of the motherboard is connected to the control input terminal of the output control board. The motherboard is connected to the LED display button board via a CAN bus hot-swappable interface.

[0035] The modular power system is equipped with a flame-retardant outer shell made of V0-grade flame-retardant PC / ABS alloy material. The shell is internally composited with a 1-2mm SiO2 aerogel layer with a thermal conductivity of less than 0.02W / m·K, providing excellent thermal insulation performance.

[0036] A liquid cooling plate with an aluminum alloy microchannel structure is installed between the battery cell modules. The flow channel width is 1 mm, the flow rate is 3 L / min, and the pressure drop is less than 10 kPa. RT45HC phase change material is filled between the battery cell modules to improve the thermal management capability of the system.

[0037] Working principle: Users select the number of battery cell modules connected in series within the parallel modular power system according to the system voltage requirements. When the user needs a capacity of 2.33kWh, they select a modular power system without parallel connection and choose 5 battery cell modules. Each battery cell module consists of 3 3.7V 12.95Wh batteries connected in parallel first, and then 12 sets of parallel battery cell segments connected in series to achieve a rated voltage of 44.4V and a rated capacity of 466.2Wh. The 5 battery cell modules connected in series achieve a rated voltage of 222.2V and a rated capacity of 2.33kWh.

[0038] The DC bus provides the output voltage to the control board. The battery management system (BMS) selects whether the output control state is on or off based on the monitoring status transmitted from the acquisition board in the cell module. When the DC voltage at the control output terminal of the output control board is greater than the remaining voltage of the cell module, diode VD3 is turned on, controlling the mechanical relay of the output control board to perform charging control. Conversely, when the DC bus voltage connected to the control output terminal of the output control board is less than the remaining voltage of the cell module, VD2 is turned on to perform discharging control, thereby realizing the energy storage or discharging state of this invention.

[0039] When a single lithium battery cell or a cell module fails, a new modular power supply module with the same output voltage can be replaced in a timely manner.

[0040] When users have different system voltage and storage capacity requirements, the number of battery cell modules connected in series within the modular power module and the number of parallel and series lithium battery cells within each battery cell module can be increased for reasonable configuration.

[0041]

Example 2

[0042] This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that a unidirectional rectifier inverter or a bidirectional rectifier inverter is used. See [link to embodiment]. Figure 2-3 The AC interfaces AC-ground, AC-L (220V), and AC-N (220V) of the hot-swappable power supply are connected to the AC input terminals AC-ground, AC-L, and AC-N of the rectifier-inverter, respectively. The DC output terminals DC+ and DC- of the rectifier-inverter are connected to the DC voltage terminals B+DC+ and DC- of the output control board, respectively, and DC+ is connected to the B+ port of the series-connected battery cell module. The CAN bus interface of the rectifier-inverter is connected to the hot-swappable interface and the CAN bus interface of the motherboard, respectively. The external power supply of this modular power supply module is connected to the AC-ground, AC-L (220V), and AC-N (220V) of the hot-swappable interface. The AC power is rectified by the rectifier-inverter to output DC power, and the DC power is input to the output control board and the series-connected battery cell module.

[0043]

Example 3

[0044] This embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1 or 2, except that multiple modular power modules (EB modules) are connected in parallel. See [link / details]. Figure 4 When users require greater capacity and voltage, the number of modular power supply modules with the same output voltage can be increased as needed to facilitate and quickly adjust the system capacity.

Claims

1. A lithium battery power module characterized by, The application relates to a modular power module or a plurality of parallel modular power modules, which comprises a plurality of series-connected battery cell modules, a fuse, an output control board, a main board, a battery management system (BMS), an LED display key board and a hot plug interface, the fuse is connected in series in a plurality of series-connected battery cell module lines, a positive output voltage of the series-connected battery cell module is connected to a direct current voltage end of the output control board, a control output end of the output control board is connected to a direct current (DC) bus through the hot plug interface, a negative output voltage of the series-connected battery cell module is connected to a voltage end of the battery management system (BMS), a current end of the battery management system (BMS) is connected to a charging control end and a discharging control end of the output control board, a 485 communication port of the battery management system (BMS) is connected to a communication port of the battery cell module, another 485 communication port of the battery management system (BMS) is connected to a 485 communication port of the main board, an output control end of the main board is connected to a control input end of the output control board, the main board is connected to the hot plug interface through a CAN bus, and an input end of the main board is connected to the LED display key board.

2. A lithium battery power module according to claim 1, wherein, The application further comprises a mechanical relay and a diode, the mechanical relay is connected in series between a direct current power positive pole and a control output end positive pole of the output control board, and the diode and the mechanical relay are connected in series, and the series-connected circuit is further connected in series between a control output end negative pole and a direct current power negative pole of the output control board, between the control output end negative pole and the charging control end of the output control board, and between the control output end negative pole and the discharging control end of the output control board, and the diode between the control output end negative pole and the charging control end of the output control board is arranged in opposite polarity to the diode between the control output end negative pole and the discharging control end of the output control board.

3. A lithium battery power module according to claim 1, wherein, The battery cell module is arranged as 2-40.

4. A lithium battery power module according to claim 1, wherein, The battery cell module comprises a sampling board and lithium battery cells which are connected in series after being connected in parallel, the lithium battery cells are arranged in a rectangular or honeycomb shape, and the gaps between the lithium battery cells are filled with boron nitride heat-conducting glue, liquid cooling plates are arranged between the battery cell modules and filled with phase change materials, a communication port of the sampling board is connected to a 485 communication port of the battery management system (BMS), and voltage collection ports of the sampling board are connected to both ends of each parallel lithium battery cell.

5. A lithium battery power module according to claim 4, wherein, The application further comprises a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is arranged at 4-6 high temperature points on the outer surface of the battery cell module, and the temperature sensor is connected to the sampling board.

6. A lithium battery power module according to claim 1, wherein, The modular power module is externally provided with a fire-retardant shell, and the shell is internally provided with a 1-2mm SiO2-based aerogel layer.

7. A lithium battery power module according to claim 1, wherein, The application further comprises a rectifier inverter, an alternating current input end of the rectifier inverter is connected to an alternating current interface of a hot plug power supply, direct current output ends of the rectifier inverter are respectively connected to the series-connected battery cell module and a direct current power end of the output control board, and CAN bus interfaces of the rectifier inverter are respectively connected to the hot plug interface and a CAN bus interface of the main board.

8. A lithium battery power module according to claim 7, wherein, The rectifier inverter comprises a one-way rectifier inverter or a two-way rectifier inverter.

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