Multifunctional nano spraying device based on nose and brain rapid drug delivery

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses a multifunctional nano spraying device based on nasal-brain rapid administration, which comprises a nozzle and a spraying bottle, the nozzle is arranged at the upper end of the spraying bottle; the spray bottle comprises a bottle body with an opening in the upper end, a first sealing cover, a second connecting pipe, a third connecting pipe, a spring, a second sealing cover and a nano-micelle compression chamber; a through hole is formed in the middle of the first sealing cover, the third connecting pipe is arranged in the bottle body, the upper end of the third connecting pipe is connected with one end of the second connecting pipe, the other end of the second connecting pipe is connected with one end of the nano-micelle compression chamber, the nano-micelle compression chamber is arranged in the second sealing cover, and the other end of the nano-micelle compression chamber is communicated with the nozzle. The device can assist a patient to inhale the medicine skillfully and deliver the medicine into the brain in a targeted manner. The direct way is that the medicine is inhaled to the brain area through olfactory nerve and trigeminal nerve cells, so that medicine metabolism, medicine side effects and non-specific aggregation caused by peripheral circulation are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal-brain drug delivery. Background Technology

[0002] Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that commonly affects people over 65 years of age. The loss of dopaminergic neurons is its typical pathological change. Early-stage Parkinson's patients often present with minimal motor symptoms, primarily exhibiting non-motor symptoms such as psychological changes, loss of smell, sleep disturbances, depression, and constipation. As the disease progresses, it gradually worsens, with later-stage patients showing prominent motor symptoms such as resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability. Furthermore, approximately half of patients with advanced Parkinson's disease experience hallucinations. Currently, there are few treatments and preventative measures for Parkinson's disease. Many known antipsychotic drugs are ineffective and may even worsen motor symptoms.

[0003] The multiple pathogenic factors of Parkinson's disease (PD) lead to a complex and diverse pathogenesis, with various mechanisms overlapping and mutually reinforcing each other, jointly contributing to the occurrence and development of PD. Currently, the most thoroughly studied and important pathological change is the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and striatum of PD patients. Dopaminergic neurons grow and develop in the substantia nigra, synthesizing the neurotransmitter dopamine, and their axons extend to the striatum. Tetanic discharges pump dopamine from the substantia nigra to the striatum, which is the fundamental mechanism for maintaining the striatal dopaminergic circuit, which is involved in most aspects of body movement. Therefore, the loss of dopaminergic neurons leads to an obstruction of the supply of the neurotransmitter dopamine to the striatum, resulting in uncontrollable behavioral deficits and gait instability. Simultaneously, the loss of dopaminergic neurons can lead to a decrease in dopamine levels, which in turn can induce the death of dopaminergic neurons. Therefore, dopamine replacement therapy is the most effective way to slow down the death of dopaminergic neurons and improve patient symptoms. Notably, Ben-Shachar D et al. found through research that…

[0004] Iron deposition occurs in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease patients. This deposited iron can promote the generation of free radicals through the Fenton reaction, leading to oxidative damage to dopaminergic neurons and ultimately neuronal death. Goedert et al. discovered Lewy bodies in dopaminergic neurons, primarily composed of abnormal α-synuclein proteins, indicating that Lewy body formation is also a significant pathological feature of Parkinson's disease. Decreased solubility of α-synuclein and its escape from degradation by ubiquitinated proteasomes lead to its accumulation, reducing its original functions in maintaining synaptic structure and neuroplasticity, ultimately resulting in the death of dopaminergic neurons. Therefore, clearing accumulated α-synuclein and deposited iron from dopaminergic neurons is a promising approach for treating PD. Currently, the pathological understanding of Parkinson's disease is not yet fully understood. Oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, Lewy bodies, and iron deposition are all factors that can contribute to the disease, and these factors often interact and promote each other. Etiological treatment is a fundamental strategy for treating diseases. Therefore, by blocking the mechanisms of these pathological processes, the development and progression of PD can be slowed down, thereby alleviating the patient's suffering and improving their quality of life.

[0005] Currently, the main interventions for Parkinson's disease (PD) are medication and surgery. Compared to surgery, medication shows better patient adherence, primarily involving continuous duodenal injection of levodopa / carbidopa (CDLCI). First-line drugs for PD (such as levodopa) mainly improve symptoms by increasing dopamine levels. Levodopa (L-DOPA) (l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) is a "gold standard" drug for the clinical treatment of PD. It is a prodrug of dopamine, which is converted into dopamine by dopamine decarboxylase to supplement PD treatment. The increase in dopamine levels maintains striatal function, thus improving patient symptoms. Compared to dopamine, L-DOPA crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) ​​more easily; although only 1% crosses the BBB, it can still significantly improve disease symptoms. However, 95% of levodopa is degraded into dopamine by dopa decarboxylase in the peripheral circulation, with only a small amount entering the brain to exert its effects. This necessitates repeated administration of high doses. Furthermore, peripheral dopamine is easily metabolized and decomposed in the peripheral circulation, undergoing self-oxidation to quinone, causing peripheral toxicity. Moreover, studies have shown that frequent high-dose use of L-DOPA can lead to side effects such as motor disorders, stomatitis, sleep disorders, anxiety, and depression, causing its toxic side effects to significantly outweigh its therapeutic effects in the later stages of the disease. Therefore, direct administration of L-DOPA has some drawbacks and loses its therapeutic effect in the later stages of the disease.

[0006] For surgical treatment, deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an innovative surgical method that controls motor symptoms by providing brief stimulation to the brain, achieving immediate symptom relief. However, it cannot stop the progression of the disease and can also cause brain damage.

[0007] It is evident that current treatments for PD not only cause significant trauma to patients, but also impose a severe psychological and economic burden on them due to their high cost.

[0008] In summary, current clinical treatments for Parkinson's disease suffer from numerous drawbacks, including long treatment times, high costs, and inconvenience. Therefore, with the aging population becoming increasingly severe, finding a new strategy for the treatment and management of Parkinson's disease that is economical, convenient, efficient, and has minimal side effects is urgently needed.

[0009] Nanoparticles are a novel drug delivery system (DDS) that delivers drugs via nanoscale carriers made from biodegradable materials. Compared to currently used clinical methods such as continuous duodenal infusion and deep brain stimulation, this approach effectively reduces physical trauma to patients and has great development potential. Furthermore, nanostructures possess unique characteristics in terms of size, shape, physicochemical properties, and surface functionalization, which can assist drugs in penetrating the blood-brain barrier and delivering their encapsulated cargo to the brain in a controlled manner for sustained effect. The controlled-release effect of nanocarriers can reduce drug metabolism, thereby reducing drug side effects and dosage. However, traditional nanocarriers only function as containers, and leakage is a concern. Therefore, using drug-grade materials to self-assemble into a pharmaceutically valuable nanoshell to encapsulate the drug core has greater therapeutic value. Meanwhile, the classic route of nanoparticle drug delivery is intravenous injection, which delivers drugs to brain regions, but its efficiency remains unsatisfactory and suffers from drawbacks such as drug leakage through blood circulation and non-specific binding. Utility Model Content

[0010] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid naso-brain drug delivery, which helps patients to inhale drugs efficiently and deliver them to the brain in a targeted manner. Because its direct route is through the olfactory nerve and trigeminal nerve cells, it avoids drug metabolism, drug side effects, and non-specific aggregation caused by peripheral circulation.

[0011] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0012] A multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid naso-brain drug delivery includes a nozzle and a spray bottle;

[0013] The nozzle is disposed at the upper end of the spray bottle;

[0014] The spray bottle includes a bottle body with an open top, a first sealing cap, a second connecting tube, a third connecting tube, a spring, and a nano-micelle compression chamber. The first sealing cap is located at the top of the bottle body to close the upper opening. A through hole is provided in the center of the first sealing cap. The third connecting tube is located inside the bottle body. One end of the second connecting tube is located at the upper end of the third connecting tube, and the other end of the second connecting tube communicates with the nozzle. The nano-micelle compression chamber is located inside the second connecting tube. A portion of the spring is located within the through hole. The spring is located outside the second connecting tube, with one end of the spring located at the upper end of the third connecting tube, and the other end of the spring connected to the second sealing cap.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-mentioned multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal and brain drug delivery, the nozzle includes a first connecting tube and a press-type atomizer. The press-type atomizer is vertically movable relative to the upper end of the bottle body. The first sealing cap and the second sealing cap are disposed inside the press-type atomizer. The first connecting tube is connected to the nano-micelle compression chamber.

[0016] Preferably, in the above-mentioned multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal and brain drug delivery, the end of the first connecting tube that is not connected to the nano-micelle compression chamber is a liquid outlet, and a fixing head is provided on the outside of the first connecting tube corresponding to the position of the liquid outlet.

[0017] Preferably, the above-mentioned multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal-brain drug delivery also includes a dust cover, which is used to seal the liquid outlet.

[0018] Preferably, in the above-mentioned multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal-brain drug delivery, the nano-micelle compression chamber includes a compression chamber body and at least one sieve atomizing plate disposed inside the compression chamber body, wherein the sieve atomizing plate is provided with a plurality of hollow holes.

[0019] Preferably, in the above-mentioned multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal and brain drug delivery, multiple sieve atomizing plates are provided, and the diameter of the hollow holes of the multiple sieve atomizing plates gradually decreases along the direction in which the gas or liquid is sprayed out of the bottle.

[0020] Preferably, in the above-mentioned multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal-brain drug delivery, the capacity of the bottle is 20-50 ml.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0022] According to the multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal-brain drug delivery proposed in this utility model, the bottle contains nano-drugs. The nano-drugs are squeezed through the third connecting tube and the second connecting tube and then enter the nano-micelle compression chamber. The nano-sprays are formed in the nano-micelle compression chamber and finally sprayed out through the nozzle, thus achieving drug delivery simply and efficiently. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal-brain drug delivery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spray bottle for a multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal-brain drug delivery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle structure of a multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal-brain drug delivery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a nanomicelle compression chamber of a multifunctional nanospray device for rapid nasal-brain drug delivery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 SEM image of nanoparticles compressed in a nanomicelle compression chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a Tyndall effect diagram of nanoparticles compressed in a nanomicelle compression chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] 100. Nozzle; 101. First connecting pipe; 102. Press atomizer; 1021. Press assembly; 1022. Elastic assembly; 103. Liquid outlet;

[0032] 200. Spray bottle; 201. Bottle body; 202. First sealing cap; 203. Second connecting pipe; 204. Third connecting pipe; 205. Spring; 206. Second sealing cap; 207. Nano micelle compression chamber; 2071. Compression chamber body; 2072. Sieve-hole atomizing plate; 2073. Hole; 208. Through hole;

[0033] 300. Dust cover. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. This utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features described therein can be combined with each other.

[0035] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] This utility model embodiment provides a multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal-brain drug delivery, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the multifunctional nano-spray device based on rapid naso-brain drug delivery includes a nozzle 100 and a spray bottle 200; the nozzle 100 is disposed at the upper end of the spray bottle 200.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the spray bottle 200 includes a bottle body 201 with an opening at the top, a first sealing cap 202, a second connecting tube 203, a third connecting tube 204, a spring 205, a second sealing cap 206, and a nanomicelle compression chamber 207. The first sealing cap 202 is disposed at the top of the bottle body 201 to close the opening at the top of the bottle body 201. A through hole 208 is provided in the middle of the first sealing cap 202. The third connecting tube 204 is disposed inside the bottle body 201. One end of the second connecting tube 203 is disposed at the third connecting tube 205. At the upper end of 04, the other end of the second connecting tube 203 passes through the second sealing cover 206 and communicates with the nozzle 100. When under pressure, the second connecting tube 203 can extend into the third connecting tube 204. The nano micelle compression chamber 207 is disposed in the second connecting tube 203. A portion of the spring 205 is disposed in the through hole 208. The spring 205 is disposed on the outside of the second connecting tube 203. One end of the spring 205 is disposed at the upper end of the third connecting tube 204, and the other end of the spring 205 is connected to the second sealing cover 206.

[0040] In this embodiment, the multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid naso-brain drug delivery is mainly used for rapid nano-drug delivery to the nose and brain. The bottle 201 contains the nano-drug. In actual operation, simply pressing the nozzle 100 quickly generates a nano-spray. Aligning the nozzle 100 with the desired delivery location, such as the nose, allows for rapid drug delivery. The operation is simple and convenient. Specifically, the second sealing cap 206 is movably mounted above the first sealing cap 202. Figure 1 The state shown is when the spring 205 is compressed. If the bottle 201 contains nanomedicine, the nanomedicine will be subjected to a certain pressure. As the nozzle 100 is released, the nanomedicine in the bottle 201 will be drawn into the third connecting tube 204 and further enter the second connecting tube 203 and be compressed in the nanomicelle compression chamber 207 to form a nano spray. The nano spray is finally sprayed out by the nozzle 100 to the corresponding drug delivery site.

[0041] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the nozzle 100 includes a first connecting tube 101 and a press-type atomizer 102. The press-type atomizer 102 is vertically movable relative to the upper end of the bottle body 201. A first sealing cap 202 and a second sealing cap 206 are disposed inside the press-type atomizer 102. The first connecting tube 101 is connected to the nano-micelle compression chamber 207. One end of the first connecting tube 101 is the drug outlet port. The nano-spray formed through the nano-micelle compression chamber 207 will be sprayed out from the first connecting tube 101.

[0042] In this embodiment, the press-type atomizer 102 is a structure that can be pressed and automatically reset, for example... Figure 1The press-type nebulizer shown includes a press component 1021 and an elastic component 1022. The elastic component 1022 is disposed at the upper end of the bottle body 201. The press component 1021 is connected to the elastic component 1022 and contacts the second sealing cap 206. When the press component 1021 is manually pressed, the elastic component 1022 is compressed, and the press component 1021 contacts the second sealing cap 206, causing the second sealing cap 206 to press down and compress the spring 205, thereby providing a certain air pressure inside the bottle body 201. When the press component 1021 is released, the press component 1021 can be reset by the return capability of the elastic component 1022, and the second sealing cap 206 is reset by the elastic force of the spring 205, thus completing one compression drug delivery process.

[0043] In some embodiments, the end of the first connecting tube 101 that is not connected to the nanomicelle compression chamber 207 is a liquid outlet 103, and a fixing head 104 is provided on the outside of the first connecting tube corresponding to the position of the liquid outlet 103.

[0044] In some embodiments, the multifunctional nano-spray device based on rapid nasal and brain drug delivery further includes a dust cover 300, which is used to seal the liquid outlet 103. The dust cover 300 can be disposed on the upper end of the press-type nebulizer 102, and its function is to protect the drug inside the bottle 201.

[0045] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the nanomicelle compression chamber 207 includes a compression chamber body 2071 and at least one sieve atomizing plate 2072 disposed inside the compression chamber body 2071, and the sieve atomizing plate 2072 is provided with a plurality of hollow holes 2073.

[0046] The nanomicelle compression chamber 207 utilizes the volatility and pressure of the liquid to transform it into an aerosol. When the sprayer button is pressed, the liquid is pushed into the nanomicelle compression chamber and then sprayed out through the nozzle. At the moment of spraying, the liquid rapidly evaporates, forming tiny water droplets, thus creating a spray containing nanomicelles.

[0047] For example, the nanomicelle compression chamber 207 is a fine-pore tube equipped with a sieve-hole atomizing plate 2072. When the user presses the nebulizer, the air inside the compression chamber 2071 is compressed, and the high-pressure air passes through the fine-pore tube opening at high speed. According to the Venturi effect, a negative pressure is generated near the opening, causing the liquid medicine in the bottle 201 to impact the sieve-hole atomizing plate 2072 with the high-speed airflow, breaking it into particles of different sizes. Most of the larger diameter particles fall back into the storage bottle to wait for re-atomization, while the smaller diameter particles are sprayed upwards at a moderate speed.

[0048] Explanation of the Venturi effect: This effect manifests as an increase in fluid velocity when confined flow passes through a narrowed cross-section; the velocity is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area. According to Bernoulli's law, the increase in velocity is accompanied by a decrease in fluid pressure, a phenomenon commonly known as the Venturi effect. In simpler terms, this effect refers to the creation of low pressure near a high-speed flowing fluid, resulting in adsorption.

[0049] like Figure 5 The image shown is a SEM image of the nanoparticles after compression in a nanomicelle compression chamber. Figure 6 The figure shown is a Tyndall effect diagram of nanoparticles after compression in a nanomicelle compression chamber, combined with... Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can be observed that the nanospray formed through the nanomicelle compression chamber 207 consists of multiple nanoparticles, which can be well applied to the treatment of Parkinson's disease. In particular, this device can provide emergency treatment in the event of an acute Parkinson's disease attack, with continuous drug release without damaging the nasal cavity, ensuring sufficient drug delivery. Furthermore, it has good biocompatibility and few side effects.

[0050] In some embodiments, multiple perforated atomizing plates 2072 are provided, and the diameter of the hollow holes 2073 of the multiple perforated atomizing plates 2072 gradually decreases along the direction in which gas or liquid is ejected from the bottle body 201.

[0051] In some embodiments, the bottle 201 has a capacity of 20-50 ml. This device has a small capacity and is easy to carry. It can provide rapid treatment during Parkinson's disease emergencies and can last for an extended period.

[0052] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid administration to the brain through the nose, characterized in that, The nozzle and the spray bottle are included. The nozzle is arranged at the upper end of the spray bottle. The spray bottle includes a bottle body with an open upper end, a first sealing cover, a second connecting pipe, a third connecting pipe, a spring, a second sealing cover and a nanomicelle compression chamber. The first sealing cover is arranged at the upper end of the bottle body to close the open upper end of the bottle body. A through hole is arranged in the middle of the first sealing cover. The third connecting pipe is arranged inside the bottle body. One end of the second connecting pipe is arranged at the upper end of the third connecting pipe. The other end of the second connecting pipe is in communication with the nozzle. The nanomicelle compression chamber is arranged in the second connecting pipe. Part of the spring is arranged in the through hole. The spring is arranged outside the second connecting pipe. One end of the spring is arranged at the upper end of the third connecting pipe. The other end of the spring is connected to the second sealing cover.

2. The multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal-brain drug delivery according to claim 1, wherein, The nozzle includes a first connecting pipe and a press atomizer. The press atomizer is movably arranged at the upper end of the bottle body in the vertical direction. The first sealing cover and the second sealing cover are arranged inside the press atomizer. The first connecting pipe is connected to the nanomicelle compression chamber.

3. The multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal-brain drug delivery according to claim 2, wherein, One end of the first connecting pipe, which is not connected to the nanomicelle compression chamber, is a liquid outlet hole. A fixed head is arranged outside the first connecting pipe corresponding to the position of the liquid outlet hole.

4. The multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal-brain drug delivery according to claim 3, wherein, A dustproof cover is further included. The dustproof cover is used to close the liquid outlet hole.

5. The multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal-brain drug delivery according to claim 1, wherein, The nanomicelle compression chamber includes a compression chamber body and at least one sieve atomizing plate arranged inside the compression chamber body. A plurality of hollow holes are arranged on the sieve atomizing plate.

6. The multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal-brain drug delivery according to claim 5, wherein, A plurality of sieve atomizing plates are arranged. The diameters of the hollow holes of the plurality of sieve atomizing plates gradually decrease along the direction of gas or liquid ejection in the bottle body.

7. The multifunctional nano-spray device for rapid nasal-brain drug delivery according to claim 1, wherein, The capacity of the bottle body is 20-50 ml.

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