Parallel tunneling equipment for synchronous construction of two or more parallel tunnels

Abstract

The utility model provides parallel tunneling equipment for synchronous construction of two or more parallel tunnels. The parallel tunneling equipment comprises at least two tunneling units which are arranged in parallel. The tunneling unit is constructed to be capable of synchronously tunneling in the stratum under the driving of the driving unit so as to respectively form parallel tunnels which are independent of each other. And the connecting units are rigidly connected with the adjacent tunneling units, and are constructed to be capable of synchronously advancing in the interval stratum between the two adjacent tunnels along with the tunneling units and reserving at least one part of soil mass of the interval stratum after passing so as to form isolation between the two adjacent tunnels. According to the scheme, the influence of extrusion load, grouting pressure and the like generated by tunnel shield construction in a small-clear-distance section on the adjacent tunnels can be minimized, and the degree that the safety and the structural integrity of the adjacent tunnels are not influenced is achieved. Shield construction and synchronous construction are overlapped, so that the construction period is shortened, the cost is reduced, and the influence of underground construction on the surrounding environment is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to underground engineering technical field, more particularly, it relates to a kind of parallel type tunneling equipment for two or more parallel tunnels synchronous construction. BACKGROUND

[0002] Underground engineering construction usually exists the situation that two or more tunnels are adjacent and parallel arrangement, for example, the main tunnel of underground rail transit is composed of at least two main tunnels, and there can be a storage line tunnel independent of the main tunnel in some sections. These tunnels are adjacent and extend roughly parallel to each other.

[0003] In the case of large spacing between adjacent tunnels, when using shield construction, the soil between the two tunnels can reduce the impact of the extrusion load generated by shield tunneling on the soil around the formed tunnel and the pressure brought by back wall grouting, avoiding the impact on the adjacent formed tunnel. But in the case of small spacing between adjacent tunnels, the soil between the two tunnels is not enough to reduce the impact of the aforementioned load and pressure, so that the shield tunneling of the later constructed tunnel is easy to have adverse effects on the adjacent formed tunnel, such as cracking, deformation, water leakage, and even structural damage in severe cases.

[0004] According to GB50446-2017 "Shield Tunnel Construction and Acceptance Specification", the section of tunnel net distance less than 0.7 times the diameter of the shield (usually referred to as small net distance section) belongs to special section, when the shield construction enters such special section, the following provisions shall be met: "(8.2.6) 1, before construction, the influence of construction on existing tunnel or the mutual influence when tunnel is simultaneously excavated shall be analyzed, and appropriate construction measures shall be taken; 2, during construction, the excavation speed, excavation chamber pressure, slag discharge quantity and grouting pressure shall be controlled; 3, the existing tunnel shall be monitored, and the shield excavation parameters shall be adjusted according to the feedback; 4, auxiliary measures such as reinforcing the soil between the tunnels and supporting the steel support in the existing tunnel can be taken to control the deformation of the stratum and the tunnel." In addition, in the "Shield Tunnel Construction and Acceptance Specification Article Explanation" issued at the same time, the following provisions are further made: "(8.2.6) 1, the mutual influence of small net distance tunnel construction is generally considered to have the following four influences: 1) the extrusion and loosening effect of the subsequent shield on the existing tunnel; 2) the loosening effect of the shield tail of the subsequent shield on the existing tunnel; 3) the extrusion effect of the backfill grouting of the subsequent shield on the existing tunnel; 4) the deviation of the subsequent shield caused by the stratum relaxation caused by the preceding shield. With the above effects, phenomena such as segment deformation, joint bolt deformation, fracture, water leakage, ground subsidence, etc. may occur. Therefore, appropriate measures such as strengthening deformation monitoring shall be taken." "(8.2.6) 4, when the shield is constructed close to the existing tunnel, even if measures such as soil reinforcement and in-tunnel steel support are taken, the deformation control requirements of the existing tunnel cannot be met, the second lining of the shield can be cut through the concrete of the cut-and-cover tunnel."

[0005] In summary, for small net distance sections, according to the conventional construction method, at least one tunnel cannot be constructed by conventional shield method, and can only be reinforced by soil reinforcement (such as ground grouting reinforcement, in-tunnel grouting reinforcement, freezing reinforcement, etc.) before the shield method is used for cautious construction. This construction method causes great damage to the environment and ground, and has high cost and long construction period. Therefore, small net distance is avoided as much as possible when the shield is constructed.

[0006] On the other hand, a large part of the current urban rail transit construction is carried out in old urban areas. In old urban areas, there are generally narrow roads, too close buildings, and crowded underground space structures. Compared with newly built urban areas, old urban areas often have buildings that must be bypassed or need special protection (such as ancient buildings, celebrities' former residences, etc.). The space limitation makes the rail transit construction in old urban areas have more small net distance design requirements. If the conventional construction method is used, the construction period and cost will inevitably increase, causing a great burden on the engineering construction. In addition, there may be situations such as long-term closure of road traffic to facilitate underground construction, or ground subsidence and even collapse caused by careless construction, which brings inconvenience to local residents and causes potential safety hazards.

[0007] Therefore, there is a need to provide a new construction equipment to at least partially solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0008] The utility model discloses a parallel tunneling equipment for two or more parallel tunnels synchronous construction, the parallel tunneling equipment includes:

[0009] At least two tunneling units arranged side by side, the at least two tunneling units are formed into N rows, M column arrangement combination in the section perpendicular to the tunneling direction, wherein, N and M are all positive integers, when N is equal to 1, M is greater than or equal to 2, and when N is greater than 1, M is greater than or equal to 1, the tunneling unit is configured to be able to tunnel in stratum synchronously and each tunneling unit forms independent parallel tunnels;

[0010] Driving unit, the driving unit is configured to provide driving force for the tunneling unit in stratum;

[0011] Connecting unit, the connecting unit forms rigid connection between the adjacent two tunneling units, the connecting unit is configured to be able to travel in the interval stratum between the adjacent two tunnels synchronously with the tunneling unit and keep at least a part of soil body of the interval stratum after passing to form isolation between the adjacent two tunnels.

[0012] In some embodiments, the minimum spacing between at least two adjacent tunneling units is greater than zero and not greater than the diameter of any of the tunnels formed by each tunneling unit.

[0013] In some embodiments, the front side of the connecting unit has a soil cutting device.

[0014] In some embodiments, the connecting unit further includes a conveying device, which is arranged behind the soil cutting device along the tunneling direction and is configured for conveying the soil cut by the soil cutting device.

[0015] In some embodiments, the soil cutting device is configured as a cutter head or a drum-type cutting head, and the conveying device is configured as a screw conveyor or a caterpillar conveyor.

[0016] In some embodiments, the cut soil is stored behind the connecting unit along the tunneling direction and constitutes part of the interval stratum.

[0017] In some embodiments, the connecting unit is configured as a rigid rod, and the front side of the rod is provided with a cutting edge.

[0018] In some embodiments, the rod is telescopically arranged on one of the tunneling units and is detachably connected to an adjacent tunneling unit in an extended state.

[0019] In some embodiments, the connecting unit is configured as a pipe jacking machine or a shield machine, which forms a small tunnel after passing through the interval stratum, the diameter of the small tunnel being smaller than the diameter of any tunnel adjacent to the small tunnel.

[0020] In some embodiments, the connecting unit detachably connects two adjacent tunneling units arranged side by side.

[0021] In some embodiments, the connecting unit further comprises a grouting device and is provided with a grout output structure at least at the top.

[0022] In some embodiments, at least one of the tunneling units is independently driven relative to the other tunneling units.

[0023] In some embodiments, the at least two tunneling units are arranged in a single row in a horizontal direction, or the at least two tunneling units are arranged in a single column in a vertical direction.

[0024] According to the scheme of the present application, the influence of the extrusion load and grouting pressure generated by the tunnel shield construction of the small-pitch section on the adjacent tunnel is minimized, and the safety and structural integrity of the adjacent tunnel are not affected. The shield construction is superimposed with synchronous construction, which can greatly shorten the construction period of parallel tunnels, reduce construction costs, and also minimize the impact of underground construction on the surrounding environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] For a better understanding of the above and other objects, features, advantages and functions of the present application, reference should be made to the preferred embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings refer to the same components. Those skilled in the art should understand that the drawings are intended to illustrate the preferred embodiments of the present application schematically, and have no limiting effect on the scope of the present application, and the components in the drawings are not drawn to scale. Among them,

[0026] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a parallel tunneling equipment according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a front view of the parallel tunneling equipment shown;

[0028] Figure 3 is a front view of a parallel tunneling equipment according to another preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in Figure 3 ;

[0030] Figure 5 is a front schematic view of a parallel tunneling rig according to yet another preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in Figure 5 ;

[0032] Figure 7 is a front schematic view of a parallel tunneling rig according to yet another preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 8 is a schematic view of a construction using the parallel tunneling rig shown in Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 9 is a schematic view of a construction using the parallel tunneling rig shown in Figure 7 ;

[0035] Figure 10 is a perspective schematic view of a parallel tunneling rig according to an alternative embodiment of the present utility model; and

[0036] Figure 11 is a front schematic view of a parallel tunneling rig shown in Figure 10 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Reference will now be made in detail to the present utility model, one or more embodiments of which are illustrated in the drawings. The present utility model described herein is merely exemplary implementations and it is contemplated that where certain aspects of the present utility model can be amended or improved upon, such amendments and improvements will fall within the scope of the present utility model.

[0038] The utility model provides a kind of parallel type tunneling equipment and corresponding construction method, for two or more parallel tunnels, especially the parallel tunnel of small distance section, synchronous shield construction. Wherein, small distance section refers to the minimum spacing between any two adjacent tunnels in parallel tunnel is greater than zero and does not exceed the diameter of any of the two adjacent tunnels. According to the scheme of the utility model, the influence of extrusion load, grouting pressure and the like generated by tunnel shield construction of small distance section on adjacent tunnel is minimized, to the degree that does not affect the safety and structural integrity of adjacent tunnel. Two or more small distance shield construction are carried out synchronously, can greatly shorten the construction period of parallel tunnel, reduce construction cost, while also can reduce the influence of underground construction on surrounding environment to the minimum degree. The scheme according to the utility model is introduced below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0039] According to the scheme of the utility model, parallel type tunneling equipment includes a group of parallel arranged tunneling units. In Figure 1 and Figure 2 The preferred embodiment shown, parallel type tunneling equipment 1 includes at least two tunneling units 110 arranged side by side in a substantially horizontal direction. Shield construction is carried out using the parallel type tunneling equipment 1, two parallel tunnels adjacent in a substantially horizontal direction can be formed synchronously. For example, in Figure 10 and Figure 11 Another embodiment shown, parallel type tunneling equipment 1' includes two tunneling units 110' arranged side by side in a substantially vertical direction. Shield construction is carried out using the parallel type tunneling equipment 1', two parallel tunnels adjacent in a substantially vertical direction can be formed synchronously.

[0040] It should be noted that the number and / or arrangement of tunneling units constituting parallel type tunneling equipment can be adapted to the number and / or arrangement of parallel tunnels to be constructed in the same section, especially small distance section. For different construction projects, depending on different design schemes, the number and / or arrangement of tunneling units in parallel type tunneling equipment is not unique. Therefore, the tunneling units in parallel type tunneling equipment according to the utility model can have any feasible side-by-side arrangement in the cross section perpendicular to the tunneling direction. In summary, a row direction and a column direction perpendicular to each other can be defined in the cross section perpendicular to the tunneling direction, and the parallel type tunneling equipment can include N rows of tunneling units arranged along the column direction, and each row can include M tunneling units. Wherein, N and M are positive integers, and when N is equal to 1, M is greater than or equal to 2, and when N is greater than 1, M is greater than or equal to 1. It can be understood that the tunneling units with their centers aligned along the row direction can be regarded as being in the same row, and the tunneling units with their centers staggered along the row direction can be regarded as being in different rows. Moreover, the tunneling units in different rows can be aligned or staggered in the column direction.

[0041] To adapt to shield construction, the tunneling unit 110 can be a shield machine or a pipe jacking machine. The categories of the tunneling units 110 in the same parallel tunneling equipment 1 can be the same or different. For example, all the tunneling units 110 can be simultaneously configured as shield machines or simultaneously configured as pipe jacking machines. Alternatively, according to the requirements of the actual construction scheme, a shield machine can be used for the A tunnel in the parallel tunnels, and a pipe jacking machine can be used for the other B tunnel in the parallel tunnels.

[0042] In the parallel tunneling equipment, one tunneling unit can be connected with at least one other tunneling unit adjacent thereto through a connecting unit. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the adjacent tunneling units 110 are connected through the connecting units 120, so that these parallelly arranged tunneling units 110 form a rigid whole. In this way, the tunneling units 110 can simultaneously perform tunneling construction to form a tunnel in the parallel tunnels respectively. Among them, the minimum spacing between at least two adjacent tunneling units 110 in the arrangement direction is greater than zero and not greater than the diameter of any one of the tunnels formed by the two (or several) tunneling units 110 respectively. Therefore, the tunneling units meeting this spacing condition are particularly suitable for the construction of parallel tunnels in small-clearance sections.

[0043] It can be understood that in the parallel tunneling equipment according to the present application, all the tunneling units can be used for the construction of parallel tunnels in small-clearance sections, or part of the tunneling units can be used for the construction of parallel tunnels, and other tunneling units with larger spacing can be used for the construction of large-spacing parallel tunnels. Here, the large-spacing parallel tunnel refers to the spacing between it and other surrounding tunnels being greater than the maximum tunnel diameter. For large-spacing tunnels, even if they are constructed in a conventional manner (i.e., there is a significant time difference between the formation time of different tunnels in the same section located at the same site), the formed tunnel can not be affected by the subsequent tunneling construction of other adjacent tunnels. However, it is obvious that synchronous construction can greatly shorten the construction period of tunneling. Therefore, the parallel tunneling equipment according to the present application is also applicable to independent tunnels that are relatively close but do not fall within the small-clearance range. Preferably, at least two tunneling units 110 of the same category can be selected to form the parallel tunneling equipment according to the present application. Tunneling units of the same category have substantially the same construction steps, which is beneficial to ensure the synchronization of different tunnel construction.

[0044] According to the scheme of the utility model, the tunneling units corresponding to each tunnel basically reach the predetermined position synchronously. That is, the synchronous tunneling construction of the parallel tunnels makes the advancing points of all the tunnels in the parallel tunnels basically locate in the same stratum section perpendicular to the tunneling direction at the same time. Therefore, for the formed tunnel section, there is no new adjacent shield construction advancing point in the corresponding stratum section, so it will not bear the extrusion load on the soil around the formed tunnel section and the grouting pressure behind the wall caused by the shield construction tunneling of the adjacent tunnel. In other words, by using the scheme of the utility model, for the formed tunnel section, there is no situation that new extrusion load or grouting pressure is generated after the construction is completed, and the earth pressure it bears is basically the same as the conventional pressure bearing mode of a single tunnel. Therefore, the loosening effect of the shield tail of the subsequent shield on the existing tunnel, the extrusion effect of the grouting behind the wall of the subsequent shield on the existing tunnel, the deviation of the subsequent shield caused by the stratum relaxation caused by the preceding shield, and other situations can be weakened or even eliminated, so that phenomena such as segment deformation, joint bolt deformation, fracture, water leakage, ground subsidence and the like in the formed tunnel section are avoided.

[0045] The "synchronous construction" referred to in the utility model is a concept opposite to the conventional construction of adjacent tunnels in sequence. In the conventional construction of adjacent tunnels in sequence, for the tunnel constructed later, there is a formed adjacent tunnel in the stratum section perpendicular to the tunneling direction where the excavation point (advancing point) of the tunneling equipment is located. In the synchronous construction scenario of the utility model, for any tunnel, there is no formed adjacent tunnel in the stratum section perpendicular to the tunneling direction where the excavation point (advancing point) of the tunneling unit is located. It can be understood that due to the influence of actual working conditions and other factors (such as changes in stratum composition, tunneling unit control errors, etc.), the advancing speeds of different tunneling units and their current positions are slightly different in the synchronous construction scenario, but not strictly consistent. However, this slight difference still falls within the scope of the "synchronous construction" referred to in the utility model, as long as it meets the condition that "there is no formed adjacent tunnel in the stratum section perpendicular to the tunneling direction where the excavation point (advancing point) of the tunneling unit is located". The "synchronous arrival" referred to in the utility model is the result of the "synchronous construction". The "formed" state of the tunnel can be understood as the state after the segment assembly of the tunnel is completed or the tunnel segment is installed in place.

[0046] In order to accurately control the synchronicity of the parallel tunneling units, preferably, each tunneling unit can be independently driven forward by a corresponding driving unit, or at least two tunneling units among them can be driven forward by the same driving unit.

[0047] According to the scheme of the utility model, each tunneling unit simultaneously tunnels in the stratum to form a tunnel in the parallel tunnels. It can be understood that each tunnel in the parallel tunnels is independent of each other. In this article, the meaning of each tunnel being independent of each other means that at the position of the non-connection channel, the tube segment of the tunnel encloses a closed space in the cross section perpendicular to the tunnel extension direction, i.e. the tunnel does not directly communicate with the adjacent tunnel. Two adjacent tunnels are separated by the interval stratum. In the construction process, the connecting unit simultaneously travels in the interval stratum with the tunneling unit, but does not significantly damage the structure of the interval stratum. That is, the connecting unit still retains at least part of the soil in the interval stratum after passing through the interval stratum, so that the interval stratum can substantially isolate the adjacent tunnels into independent tunnels. Preferably, the front side of the connecting unit is provided with a soil cutting device, which can cut the soil in the interval stratum to enable the connecting unit to travel smoothly and avoid soil compaction.

[0048] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 , the connecting unit 120 can be configured as a shield tunneling machine or a pipe jacking machine, and the soil cutting device can be a cutter head on the front side of the shield tunneling machine or the pipe jacking machine. After passing through the interval stratum, the rear side of the connecting unit 120 can form a small tunnel by assembling tube segments. The connecting unit 120 is rigidly connected to the tunneling unit 110 on both sides by connecting pieces 121. The connecting piece 121 can be a rigid rod, and the connection method can be welding, bolt connection, riveting, etc. which can provide sufficient connection strength. Similarly, Figure 10 and Figure 11 show that the connecting unit 120' between the adjacent tunneling units 110' can also have the same or similar configuration as the connecting unit 120 in Figure 1 . For the sake of brevity, the connecting pieces between the connecting unit and the tunneling unit are omitted.

[0049] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the construction using the parallel tunneling equipment 1 shown in Figure 1 . It can be seen that the tunneling unit 110 on the left side of the figure forms a tunnel T1, and the tunneling unit 110 on the right side forms a tunnel T2. The tunnel T1 has a diameter D1, and the tunnel T2 has a diameter D2, which constitutes at least part of the parallel tunnels constructed by the parallel tunneling equipment 1. According to the requirements of the actual construction scheme, the diameter D1 of the tunnel T1 and the diameter D2 of the tunnel T2 can be the same or different. In addition, the shield tunneling machine or pipe jacking machine of the connecting unit 120 also forms a small tunnel T3 with a diameter D3. Limited by the size of the interval stratum, the diameter of the small tunnel is smaller than the diameter of any tunnel adjacent to it in the parallel tunnels. For example in Figure 8The diameter D3 of the small tunnel T3 is smaller than either of the diameter D1 of the tunnel T1 and the diameter D2 of the tunnel T2. Correspondingly, the shield machine or pipe jacking machine of the connecting unit 120 has a smaller diameter relative to the tunneling unit 110. The small tunnel T3 can be used as a pipeline or a tunnel for maintenance. It can be understood that although the connecting unit 120 removes a small amount of soil after passing through the interval stratum to form the small tunnel T3, the diameter D3 of the small tunnel T3 is set to substantially not have a significant adverse effect on the mechanical properties of the interval stratum, so that the remaining soil portion of the interval stratum other than the small tunnel T3 can still form substantial isolation and support between the adjacent tunnels T1 and T2.

[0050] In addition, the connecting unit can also be configured to only pass through the interval stratum without removing any soil therefrom. For example Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 3, in another embodiment, the front end of the connecting unit 220 of the parallel tunneling equipment 2 is provided with a soil cutting device 222 configured as a cutter head for cutting soil. A conveying device 223 is also provided at the rear side of the soil cutting device 222 for conveying the soil cut by the soil cutting device 222 to the rear side of the connecting unit 220. The soil cutting device 222 can be a screw conveyor in particular. More preferably, the soil cutting device 222 can also be an axis-free screw conveyor (axis-free screw conveyor is disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN222203795U, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety). Since the soil does not need to be transported out, the soil cutting device 222 can be arranged parallel to the tunneling direction, and only the cut soil needs to be conveyed from the front side of the connecting unit 220 to the rear side thereof to facilitate the smooth travel of the connecting unit 220. Among them, the connecting unit 220 can be connected to the tunneling unit 210 through a connecting piece similar to the connecting piece 121 shown in FIG. 1 and a similar connecting manner, or can be directly connected to the tunneling unit 210 without a connecting piece, and the connecting manner can be welding, bolting, riveting, etc. manner capable of providing sufficient connecting strength. Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1, the connecting unit 120 can be connected to the tunneling unit 110 through a connecting piece 121. The connecting piece 121 can be a welding connecting piece, a bolting connecting piece, a riveting connecting piece, etc. capable of providing sufficient connecting strength. In addition, the connecting unit 120 can also be directly connected to the tunneling unit 110 without a connecting piece.

[0051] Figure 5 and Figure 6 FIG. 3 shows another preferred embodiment according to the scheme of the present application. The soil cutting device (not shown) at the front end of the connecting unit 320 of the parallel tunneling equipment 3 can be a drum-type cutting head, and the conveying device 323 can be a track-type conveyor. Among them, the track-type conveyor can be connected to the tunneling unit 210 through a connecting piece similar to the connecting piece 121 shown in FIG. 1 and a similar connecting manner, or can be directly connected to the tunneling unit 210 without a connecting piece, and the connecting manner can be welding, bolting, riveting, etc. manner capable of providing sufficient connecting strength. Figure 4The screw conveyors are arranged in parallel to the tunneling direction. In addition, the functions of the units of the parallel tunneling equipment 3 and the connection between the units can be the same as or similar to those of the parallel tunneling equipment 2. It can be understood that in other alternative embodiments, the connection unit can also include a combination of a cutter head and a caterpillar conveyor, or a combination of a drum-type cutting head and a screw conveyor.

[0052] In Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the connection unit 120 forms a small tunnel T3 by assembling pipe segments after tunneling. Therefore, the small shield or jacking machine of the connection unit 120 is provided with a grouting device and grouting holes or grouting belts for grouting operation of the small tunnel T3. For Figure 3 and Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, although the connection units 220 and 320 only cut soil and convey the front soil to the rear while advancing, and do not assemble pipe segments to form a small tunnel, the connection units 220 and 320 are preferably also provided with a grouting device and grouting holes or grouting belts, and perform grouting operation during advancing. The grouting holes or grouting belts are preferably provided on the top, and the grouting operation on the soil above the top can prevent the connection unit from backfilling, thereby reducing the possibility of ground settlement above the intervening stratum. Preferably, the grouting holes or grouting belts are densely arranged on the top of the rigid connection device. The grouting holes and grouting belts can be collectively referred to as a grout output structure.

[0053] Figure 7 Another preferred embodiment according to the scheme of the present application is illustrated. In this embodiment, the tunneling units 410 of the parallel tunneling equipment 4 are directly connected by rigid rods 421. That is, the rod 421 can be regarded as a connection unit in this embodiment. Preferably, the front side of the rod 421 is provided with a cutting edge for cutting soil to facilitate the advancement of the rod 421 in synchronization with the tunneling unit 410. The rod 421 can be rigidly connected to the tunneling units 410 on both sides thereof by welding, bolting, riveting or other methods that can provide sufficient connection strength.

[0054] Preferably, the rod 421 is detachably connected to at least one tunneling unit 410. In this way, after the parallel synchronous tunneling construction is completed, the rod 421 can be removed, and the tunneling units 410 can be restored to their independent shield tunneling machines or pipe jacking machines to perform other independent tunneling tasks, which helps improve the utilization efficiency of mechanical equipment and further shortens the construction period. For example, in some embodiments, the rod 421 can be telescopically mounted on a tunneling unit 410. When the tunneling unit 410 is used as an independent shield tunneling machine or pipe jacking machine, the rod 421 is in a retracted state, located inside the main body of the shield tunneling machine or pipe jacking machine, and does not affect the construction of the independent tunnel. When the tunneling unit 410 is connected in parallel with other tunneling units 410 as parallel tunneling equipment, the rod 421 extends to an unfolded state, and its extended end is detachably connected to the adjacent tunneling unit 410. In another embodiment, the rod 421 can be configured to be detachably connected to both sides of the tunneling unit 410.

[0055] Figure 9 It shows the use of Figure 7 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the parallel tunneling equipment 4 during construction. It can be seen that the connecting member 421, along with the tunneling unit 410, cuts through the strata between adjacent tunnels T1 and T2, but does not significantly remove the cut soil from the strata. Therefore, a complete stratum gap is maintained between adjacent tunnels T1 and T2, without any small tunnels existing. Furthermore, the dimensional relationship and other characteristics of adjacent tunnels T1 and T2 are similar to... Figure 8 The embodiments shown are the same or similar. Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, the rod 421 does not have the ability to actively cut soil, unlike a cutter head or a roller-type cutting head, and is therefore suitable for homogeneous soil strata, such as soft soil layers with a porosity greater than 30%.

[0056] The above description of various embodiments of this utility model is provided for the purpose of description to a person of ordinary skill in the art. It is not intended to exclude or limit the utility model to a single disclosed embodiment. As stated above, a person of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various alternatives and variations of this utility model exist. Therefore, although some alternative embodiments have been specifically described, a person of ordinary skill in the art will understand or relatively easily develop other embodiments. This utility model is intended to include all alternatives, modifications, and variations of the utility model described herein, as well as other embodiments falling within the spirit and scope of the utility model described above.

Claims

1. A parallel tunneling machine for simultaneous construction of two or more parallel tunnels, characterized in that, The parallel tunneling equipment includes: At least two tunneling units are arranged side by side, and the at least two tunneling units are arranged in an N-row, M-column configuration in a cross section perpendicular to the tunneling direction, wherein N and M are both positive integers, when N equals 1, M is greater than or equal to 2, and when N is greater than 1, M is greater than or equal to 1. The tunneling units are constructed to be able to tunnel synchronously in the strata and each tunneling unit forms an independent parallel tunnel. A drive unit, configured to provide driving force for the tunneling unit to tunnel through the formation; and A connecting unit that forms a rigid connection between adjacent tunneling units is configured to travel synchronously with the tunneling units in the interstitial strata between two adjacent tunnels and retain at least a portion of the soil in the interstitial strata after passing through, thereby forming an isolation between the two adjacent tunnels.

2. The parallel tunneling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, There exists at least two adjacent tunneling units with a minimum spacing greater than zero and not greater than the diameter of any of the tunnels formed by the tunneling units.

3. The parallel tunneling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front side of the connecting unit has a soil cutting device.

4. The parallel tunneling equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting unit also includes a conveying device, which is located behind the cutting device along the tunneling direction and is configured to convey the soil cut by the cutting device.

5. The parallel tunneling equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cutting device is configured as a cutterhead or a roller-type cutting head, and the conveying device is configured as a screw conveyor or a tracked conveyor.

6. The parallel tunneling equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cut soil remains behind the connecting unit along the excavation direction and forms part of the spacer stratum.

7. The parallel tunneling equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting unit is constructed as a rigid rod, and a cutting edge is provided on the front side of the rod.

8. The parallel tunneling equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rod is telescopically mounted on one of the tunneling units, and when extended, the rod can be detachably connected to an adjacent tunneling unit.

9. The parallel tunneling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting unit is constructed as a pipe jacking machine or a tunnel boring machine. After passing through the interstitial strata, the connecting unit forms a small tunnel, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of any tunnel adjacent to the small tunnel.

10. The parallel tunneling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting unit detachably connects two adjacent tunneling units arranged side by side.

11. The parallel tunneling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting unit also includes a grouting device and a grout output structure at least at the top.

12. The parallel tunneling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the tunneling units is driven independently of the other tunneling units.

13. The parallel tunneling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least two of the tunneling units are arranged in a single row along the horizontal direction, or at least two of the tunneling units are arranged in a single column along the vertical direction.

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