Novel septic tank combined with constructed wetland

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel septic tank combined with an artificial wetland, which comprises a first-stage tank, a second-stage tank and an artificial wetland tank which are arranged in sequence, a partition plate is arranged between every two adjacent tank bodies, each partition plate is provided with a water passing pipe, the first-stage tank is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the artificial wetland tank is connected with a water outlet pipe; and the constructed wetland pool is filled with a matrix filler to form a matrix layer. According to the utility model, multi-stage collaborative purification and efficient space utilization are realized, a two-stage series precipitation fermentation structure of the first-stage tank and the second-stage tank is combined with a matrix-plant composite purification system of the constructed wetland tank, a collaborative treatment mechanism of physical precipitation, anaerobic biodegradation and plant adsorption is formed, and compared with a traditional single-stage septic tank, the sewage treatment efficiency is greatly improved. And advanced sewage treatment is realized in a limited space.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of domestic sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a novel septic tank combined with an artificial wetland. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing septic tank generally utilizes the principle of sedimentation and ozone fermentation to remove suspended organic matter in domestic sewage and belongs to a primary filtration domestic treatment structure. In rural areas, further sewage treatment facilities are lacking, and domestic sewage is directly discharged into rivers or farmland after passing through the septic tank, causing pollution. The artificial wetland is a ground similar to a marsh that is artificially constructed and controlled, and sewage and sludge are controlled to be distributed on the artificially constructed wetland. In the process of flowing in a certain direction, the sewage and sludge are mainly treated by the triple action of soil, artificial medium, plants, and microorganisms. The traditional artificial wetland technology occupies a large area and is complex to construct, and is not suitable for use in small sewage treatment projects. In addition, in some remote areas, the pipeline construction cost is high, and it is difficult to lay pipes, so it is difficult to collect sewage. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model discloses a novel septic tank combined with an artificial wetland, which comprises a bottom-closed first-stage pool, a second-stage pool, and an artificial wetland pool arranged in sequence, a partition plate is arranged between two adjacent pool bodies, the first-stage pool is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the upper portion of the artificial wetland pool is connected with a water outlet pipe.

[0004] The first water pipe has a first water inlet end located in the middle portion of the first-stage pool and a first water outlet end located in the middle and lower portion of the second-stage pool, and the second water pipe has a second water inlet end located in the middle portion of the second-stage pool and a second water outlet end located in the bottom portion of the artificial wetland pool. The artificial wetland pool is filled with substrate fillers to form a substrate layer.

[0005] The hydraulic retention time of the first-stage pool and the second-stage pool is 12h-24h.

[0006] Further, the second water outlet end of the second water pipe is connected with a water distribution pipe, the top portion of the water distribution pipe is provided with a water outlet hole, the water inlet end of the water outlet pipe is connected with a water collecting pipe, and the bottom portion of the water collecting pipe is provided with a water collecting hole.

[0007] Preferably, the substrate layer is sequentially arranged into a water distribution layer, a main body layer, a transition layer, and a drainage layer from bottom to top, and the particle size, thickness, and porosity of the substrate fillers in each layer are as follows:

[0008] The water distribution layer has a particle size of 10-30mm, a thickness of 0.2-0.3m, and a porosity of 45-50%;

[0009] Main body layer: particle size 2~6mm, thickness 0.4~1.4m, porosity 30~35%;

[0010] Transition layer: particle size 5~10mm, thickness 0.2~0.3m, porosity 35~45%;

[0011] Drainage layer: particle size 10~30mm, thickness 0.2~0.3m, porosity 45~50%.

[0012] Further, the water inlet pipe, the first water passing pipe, the second water passing pipe and the water outlet pipe are arranged in a staggered manner in a plane space.

[0013] Further, wetland plants are planted on the surface of the substrate layer.

[0014] Further, the top of the first pool and the second pool is provided with a cover, and the cover is provided with a dredging hole.

[0015] Further, the first pool, the second pool and the artificial wetland pool are all made of glass steel.

[0016] Further, the first pool, the second pool and the artificial wetland pool are all buried underground, and the top of the artificial wetland pool is slightly higher than the ground surface.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model are: multi-stage synergistic purification and space efficient utilization, the two-stage series connection sedimentation and fermentation structure of the first pool and the second pool is combined with the substrate-plant composite purification system of the artificial wetland pool, a synergistic treatment mechanism of physical sedimentation, anaerobic biological degradation and plant adsorption and absorption is formed, compared with the traditional single-stage septic tank, the sewage is treated in depth in the limited space. On the basis of realizing efficient treatment of domestic sewage, the environment is beautified to the maximum extent, the land area is reduced, the infrastructure investment is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, the sewage is treated harmlessly, and the treatment capacity of the wetland is rapidly recovered. The artificial wetland is combined with the septic tank, and is more miniaturized, modularized and stereoscopic, becomes small sewage treatment equipment which is easy to popularize and easy to construct. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a plane structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of the water distribution pipe of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of the water collecting pipe of the utility model.

[0022] The diagram shows: 1. Primary pool; 2. Secondary pool; 3. Constructed wetland pool; 4. Inlet pipe; 5. Baffle; 6. First water pipe; 7. Second water pipe; 8. Distribution pipe; 9. Collection pipe; 10. Outlet pipe; 11. Water distribution layer; 12. Main layer; 13. Transition layer; 14. Drainage layer; 15. Wetland plants; 16. Cleaning hole. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Figures 1 to 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model. The proportions, dimensions, and spatial layout of the components in the drawing are only schematic representations and should not be construed as the sole limitation of the actual technical features. For the purpose of clearly showing the connection relationships and positional features of the components, some structures in the drawing may be drawn enlarged or reduced.

[0025] This invention provides a novel septic tank integrated with an artificial wetland, which has the capability for deep sewage treatment. It features efficient space utilization, high practicality, and simple structure, and is more miniaturized, modular, and three-dimensional, making it an easily promoted and constructed small-scale sewage treatment device.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a novel septic tank combining an artificial wetland includes a primary tank 1, a secondary tank 2, and an artificial wetland tank 3 arranged sequentially. The primary tank 1 is connected to an inlet pipe 4, which is located at the top of the primary tank 1, allowing sewage and domestic wastewater to enter the primary tank 1. Partitions 5 are installed between the primary tank 1 and the secondary tank 2, and between the secondary tank 2 and the artificial wetland tank 3 (i.e., between adjacent tanks). A first water pipe 6 connects the primary tank 1 and the secondary tank 2 to the partition 5 between the secondary tank 1 and the artificial wetland tank 3, and a second water pipe 7 connects the secondary tank 2 and the artificial wetland tank 3 to the partition 5 between the secondary tank 2 and the artificial wetland tank 3, thus achieving interconnection between the three tanks. An outlet pipe 10 is connected to the artificial wetland tank 3, located at the top of the artificial wetland tank 3, for discharging treated wastewater.

[0027] The inlet of the first water pipe 6 is located in the middle of the primary tank 1, and its outlet is located in the lower middle part of the secondary tank 2, a certain distance from the bottom. This design prevents it from being blocked by fecal sludge at the bottom of the secondary tank 2. The inlet of the second water pipe 7 is located in the middle of the secondary tank 2, and its outlet is located at the bottom of the constructed wetland tank 3. Furthermore, to ensure more even drainage to the constructed wetland tank 3, the second water pipe 7 is connected to a distribution pipe 8 located at the bottom of the constructed wetland tank 3. Figure 3As shown, the top of the water distribution pipe 8 is provided with water outlet holes. In one embodiment, water outlet holes can be provided on both sides of the sloping top of the water distribution pipe 8. Similarly, for more efficient drainage, the upper part of the artificial wetland pool 3 is also provided with a water collection pipe 9 connected to the water outlet pipe 10, such as... Figure 4 As shown, a water collection hole is provided at the bottom of the water collection pipe 9. In one embodiment, water collection holes can be provided on both sides of the sloping bottom of the water collection pipe 9.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, in order to more effectively purify and treat sewage, the inlet pipe 4, the first through pipe 6, the second through pipe 7, and the outlet pipe 10 are arranged in a staggered manner. For example, on the plane, the inlet pipe 4 is arranged on the left side of the primary tank 1, the first through pipe 6 is arranged on the right side of the partition 5 between the primary tank 1 and the secondary tank 2, the second through pipe 7 is arranged on the left side of the partition 5 between the secondary tank 2 and the constructed wetland tank 3, and the outlet pipe 10 is arranged on the right side of the constructed wetland tank 3. The left and right sides should be understood as follows: when a person skilled in the art faces one end of the inlet pipe 4 of the primary tank 1, and the primary tank 1, the secondary tank 2, and the constructed wetland tank 3 are arranged sequentially from the near end to the far end, the left end of the person skilled in the art is the left side, and the right end is the right side.

[0029] The tops of the primary pool 1 and the secondary pool 2 are covered with cleaning holes 16. The bottoms of all three pools are sealed to store feces and prevent sewage from seeping into and polluting groundwater. The artificial wetland pool 3 is a subsurface flow type wetland pool. The artificial wetland pool 3 has a substrate layer filled with substrate filler, including but not limited to gravel, zeolite, limestone, shale, ceramsite, and volcanic rock. Wetland plants 15 are planted on the surface of the substrate layer. The wetland plants 15 can be emergent plants such as cattail, reed, water celery, windmill grass, canna, calla lily, arrowhead, water chestnut, lotus, etc.

[0030] In a specific embodiment, the matrix layer can be arranged from bottom to top as follows, based on the different particle size, thickness, and porosity of the matrix filler: water distribution layer 11, main layer 12, transition layer 13, and drainage layer 14. The particle size, thickness, and porosity requirements of the matrix filler for each layer of the water distribution layer 11, main layer 12, transition layer 13, and drainage layer 14 are shown in the table below:

[0031] Parameter requirements Water distribution layer 11 Host layer 12 Transition layer 13 Drainage layer 14 Substrate filler particle size (mm) 10~30 2~6 5~10 10~30 Substrate filler thickness (m) 0.2~0.3 0.4~1.4 0.2~0.3 0.2~0.3 Substrate filler porosity after packing (%) 45~50 30~35 35~45 45~50

[0032] In one embodiment, the primary pool 1, the secondary pool 2, and the constructed wetland pool 3 are all made of fiberglass, but are not limited to fiberglass; they can also be made of other lightweight, hard, non-conductive, stable, high-mechanical-strength, and corrosion-resistant materials.

[0033] Further, in order to achieve visual effect and obstacle removal effect, the first tank 1, the second tank 2 and the constructed wetland tank 3 can be buried underground, and the top of the constructed wetland tank 3 can be slightly higher than the ground surface.

[0034] Working principle: domestic sewage and fecal liquid (including toilet sewage, shower, kitchen drainage) enter the first tank 1 through the water inlet pipe 4, and anaerobic fermentation mainly in the form of hydrolysis and acidification occurs in the feces in the first tank 1. During the fermentation and sedimentation process, the paste-like fecal skin, grease and other substances adsorbed with air bubbles in the feces will gradually float to the surface to form scum, while the blocky or granular waste with a larger specific gravity such as paper scraps, fecal lumps and parasite eggs will gradually sink to the bottom to form sludge, and the relatively clear supernatant after removing the scum and sludge is in the middle. According to the provisions of the “Standard for Design of Building Water Supply and Drainage” GB50015-2019 on septic tanks, the hydraulic retention time of sewage in the tank is 12h~24h; the hydraulic retention time of the first tank 1 and the second tank 2 is 12h~24h. At this time, the flow speed of domestic sewage and fecal liquid entering the first tank 1 from the water inlet pipe 4, and the flow speed of domestic sewage and fecal liquid flowing between the three tank bodies through the first water pipe 6 and the second water pipe 7 are relatively slow, and there is enough hydraulic retention time to effectively intercept the scum and sludge in domestic sewage and fecal liquid.

[0035] The supernatant after the first fermentation and sedimentation in the first tank 1 to remove the scum and sludge enters the second tank 2 through the first water pipe 6, and again performs sedimentation and anaerobic fermentation. The supernatant that has not been completely removed in the second tank 2 is intercepted again to obtain the more clear supernatant after the second sedimentation and fermentation in the middle of the second tank 2.

[0036] The scum and sludge intercepted in the first tank 1 and the second tank 2 will undergo hydrolysis by anaerobic or facultative anaerobic bacteria due to the anaerobic environment of the septic tank. The organic solid waste and difficult biodegradable macromolecular substances (including carbohydrates, fats, proteins, etc.) in the scum and sludge are hydrolyzed into soluble organic matter and easily biodegradable small molecular substances. The small molecular organic matter can be converted into volatile fatty acids under the action of acidifying bacteria, and then the products of acidification reaction are converted into acetic acid, hydrogen, carbon dioxide or cell material under the action of hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria. Finally, the products of acetic acid reaction are converted into methane, carbon dioxide and other gases and cell material of methanogenic bacteria under the action of methanogenic bacteria, so as to realize the purification treatment of domestic sewage and fecal liquid.

[0037] The relatively clear clarified liquid of the domestic sewage and the manure after the sedimentation and fermentation treatment of the first tank 1 and the second tank 2 enters the artificial wetland tank 3 through the second water pipe 7 and the water distribution pipe 8. The substrate of the substrate layer in the artificial wetland tank 3 is loose and porous, has a large specific surface area, and can adsorb the suspended solids in the clarified liquid. The wetland plants 15 planted on the surface of the substrate layer can directly absorb the nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants (such as ammonium salt, nitrate and phosphate) from the clarified liquid through the absorption and assimilation, the plant roots can also adsorb and enrich the heavy metals and the toxic and harmful substances, and the roots of the emergent plants with developed root system can also effectively intercept the solid particles.

[0038] The water purified and cleaned in the artificial wetland tank 3 finally is discharged through the water collecting pipe 9 and the water outlet pipe 10.

[0039] The utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, any person under the enlightenment of the utility model obtains other any product same or similar with the utility model as the utility model, all fall in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A novel septic tank incorporating a constructed wetland, characterised in that: The device comprises a bottom-closed first-stage pool, a second-stage pool and an artificial wetland pool arranged in sequence, a partition is arranged between two adjacent pool bodies, the first-stage pool is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the upper part of the artificial wetland pool is connected with a water outlet pipe; the partition between the first-stage pool and the second-stage pool is provided with a first water passing pipe, and the partition between the second-stage pool and the artificial wetland pool is provided with a second water passing pipe; the water inlet end of the first water passing pipe is located in the middle part of the first-stage pool, and the water outlet end is located in the middle and lower part of the second-stage pool; the water inlet end of the second water passing pipe is located in the middle part of the second-stage pool, and the water outlet end is located in the bottom of the artificial wetland pool, and the artificial wetland pool is filled with substrate fillers to form a substrate layer.

2. A new type of septic tank combined with constructed wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic retention time of the first-stage pool and the second-stage pool is 12h-24h.

3. A novel septic tank in combination with constructed wetland as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The water outlet end of the second water passing pipe is connected with a water distribution pipe, the top of the water distribution pipe is provided with a water outlet hole, the water inlet end of the water outlet pipe is connected with a water collecting pipe, and the bottom of the water collecting pipe is provided with a water collecting hole.

4. A novel septic tank in combination with constructed wetland as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The substrate layer is sequentially arranged as a water distribution layer, a main body layer, a transition layer and a drainage layer from bottom to top, and the particle size, thickness and porosity of the substrate fillers of each layer are as follows: The water distribution layer: particle size 10-30mm, thickness 0.2-0.3m, porosity 45-50%; The main body layer: particle size 2-6mm, thickness 0.4-1.4m, porosity 30-35%; The transition layer: particle size 5-10mm, thickness 0.2-0.3m, porosity 35-45%; The drainage layer: particle size 10-30mm, thickness 0.2-0.3m, porosity 45-50%.

5. A novel septic tank in combination with constructed wetland as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The water inlet pipe, the first water passing pipe, the second water passing pipe and the water outlet pipe are arranged in a staggered manner in the plane space.

6. A new type of septic tank combined with constructed wetland as claimed in claim 1, wherein: Wetland plants are planted on the surface of the substrate layer.

7. A novel septic tank in combination with constructed wetland as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The top of the first-stage pool and the second-stage pool is provided with a cover, and the cover is provided with a dredging hole.

8. A new type of septic tank combined with constructed wetland as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The first-stage pool, the second-stage pool and the artificial wetland pool are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic.

9. A novel septic tank in combination with constructed wetland as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The first-stage pool, the second-stage pool and the artificial wetland pool are deeply buried underground, and the top of the artificial wetland pool is higher than the ground surface.

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