Meteorological service early warning device applied to karst landform scenic area

Abstract

A meteorological service early warning device applied to a karst landform scenic spot relates to the technical field of meteorological service early warning and is used for improving the accuracy of a detection result of meteorological disasters caused by rainfall in the karst landform scenic spot. The meteorological service early warning device applied to the karst landform scenic area comprises a monitoring module, a data processing module and an early warning module, the monitoring module comprises a displacement sensor, an inclination sensor, a soil humidity sensor and a pressure type water level sensor, the displacement sensor is arranged on a bedrock or concrete base and used for monitoring displacement changes of the geologic body, and the inclination sensor is attached to the surface of the geologic body and used for monitoring the inclination condition of the geologic body; the soil humidity sensor is buried in soil and used for measuring the water content of the soil, and the pressure type water level sensor is arranged in a karst cave ponding area and used for monitoring the ponding amount of the karst cave ponding area.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of meteorological service early warning, and particularly relates to a meteorological service early warning device applied to a karst landform scenic area. BACKGROUND

[0002] Karst landform, also known as karst landform, is a general term for the surface and underground forms formed by the dissolution of soluble rocks by water with dissolution power. In the karst landform scenic area, due to its unique geological structure, rainfall can cause a series of complex geological changes, causing meteorological disasters; for example, rainfall can cause the rise of underground water level, rainwater seeps into rock crevices, increases the water content of rock-soil body, reduces its shear strength, and further causes landslides, ground subsidence and other geological disasters.

[0003] At present, the existing meteorological service early warning device has many deficiencies in the application of the karst landform scenic area. Most of the early warning devices only monitor meteorological elements such as rainfall, lack of comprehensive monitoring of key links in the process of geological disasters, and cannot detect whether the disaster is formed, so the detection accuracy is low. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0004] The application provides a meteorological service early warning device applied to a karst landform scenic area, which is used for improving the accuracy of the detection result of meteorological disasters caused by rainfall in the karst landform scenic area.

[0005] The application provides a meteorological service early warning device applied to a karst landform scenic area, which comprises a monitoring module, a data processing module and an early warning module. The monitoring module comprises a displacement sensor, an inclination sensor, a soil moisture sensor and a pressure type water level sensor. The displacement sensor is arranged on a bedrock or a concrete base, and is used for monitoring the displacement change of a geological body. The inclination sensor is attached to the surface of the geological body, and is used for monitoring the inclination of the geological body. The soil moisture sensor is embedded in soil, and is used for measuring the water content of the soil. The pressure type water level sensor is arranged in a karst cave water accumulation area, and is used for monitoring the water accumulation amount of the karst cave water accumulation area. The data processing module is electrically connected with the displacement sensor, the inclination sensor, the soil moisture sensor and the pressure type water level sensor in the monitoring module. The data processing module is used for receiving various monitoring data transmitted by the monitoring module, and analyzing and processing the data. The early warning module is electrically connected with the data processing module, and is used for issuing early warning signals of different levels according to the analysis result of the data processing module according to the severity of the disaster.

[0006] The meteorological service early warning device in the application is internally provided with a monitoring module, a data processing module and an early warning module. Through the combination of the displacement sensor, the inclination sensor, the soil moisture sensor and the pressure type water level sensor of the monitoring module, important data such as the mountain displacement, the geological body inclination, the soil water content and the underground water level in the scenic area of the karst landform can be acquired, the comprehensive monitoring of each key link in the disaster chain of "rainfall-seepage-displacement" can be formed, and thus rich and accurate information basis for disaster early warning can be provided, which is helpful for timely and accurate disaster early warning.

[0007] In some embodiments of the application, the data processing module comprises a microprocessor, a data storage unit and a communication interface circuit, the communication interface circuit has a plurality of communication ports, and the plurality of communication ports are respectively in communication connection with the displacement sensor, the inclination sensor, the soil moisture sensor and the pressure type water level sensor.

[0008] The data processing module receives the monitoring data such as displacement, inclination, soil moisture and underground water level transmitted by the monitoring module, analyzes the data by using a data processing algorithm, generates corresponding early warning information according to the data analysis result, and transmits the early warning information to the early warning module, so that the early warning work is timely and complete.

[0009] In some embodiments of the application, the plurality of communication ports comprise at least three wired interfaces and at least one wireless interface, the displacement sensor, the inclination sensor and the pressure type water level sensor are respectively connected to the three independent wired interfaces through cables, and the soil moisture sensor is in wireless communication connection with the wireless interface.

[0010] The wired interface and the wireless interface are simultaneously used in the communication port, different communication modes can be used for different sensors, the communication of the sensors is facilitated, and the installation and configuration of various sensors are also facilitated.

[0011] In some embodiments of the application, the meteorological service early warning device applied to the karst landform scenic area further comprises a power supply; the data processing module further comprises a power management circuit, the power management circuit is electrically connected with the power supply, and the power management circuit is electrically connected with the microprocessor, the data storage unit and the communication interface circuit, so as to supply power to the microprocessor, the data storage unit and the communication interface circuit through the power supply.

[0012] The power supply can supply power to the microprocessor, the data storage unit and the communication interface circuit, and the power management circuit can make the power supply safe and stable.

[0013] In some embodiments of the application, the early warning module comprises a master control chip, a sound alarm circuit, a light flickering circuit and a wireless communication module, the master control chip, the sound alarm circuit, the light flickering circuit and the wireless communication module are all connected to the power management circuit and are powered by the power supply.

[0014] The early warning module can give a sound alarm and a light alarm according to the processing result of the data processing module, and can send the processing result to a remote end through the wireless communication module, so as to facilitate the staff of the scenic spot to respond in time, guarantee the safety of tourists and reduce the accident rate.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the displacement sensor is a laser displacement sensor or a GPS displacement monitoring device. The laser displacement sensor and the GPS displacement monitoring device have good monitoring effect and can effectively monitor the area where the displacement sensor is installed.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the displacement sensor is provided in multiple numbers, and the multiple displacement sensors are respectively installed on the mountain slope, cliff and ground subsidence hidden danger area and are distributed at intervals.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the tilt sensor is provided in multiple numbers, and the multiple tilt sensors are respectively installed on the buildings, stone tablets and rock walls in the scenic area.

[0018] The tilt sensor is installed on the geological body such as the building, stone tablet and rock wall that may be tilted, so as to comprehensively monitor the tilting condition of the geological body, and can timely alarm when the building is dangerous due to weather or other factors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical scheme of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used together with the embodiments of the present application to explain the technical scheme of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical scheme of the present application.

[0020] Figure 1 The configuration schematic diagram of the monitoring module, the data processing module, the early warning module and the power supply in the meteorological service early warning device applied to the karst landform scenic area provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0021] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical scheme of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used together with the embodiments of the present application to explain the technical scheme of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical scheme of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] It should be noted that all the directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition and the like between components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.

[0024] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", "sixth" and the like in the description of the present application are used only for description, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", "sixth" and the like can include one or more of the features explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrally connected. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, when describing the pipeline, "connected" and "connected" in the present application have the meaning of conducting. The specific meaning should be understood in combination with the context.

[0025] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrally connected. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, when describing the pipeline, "connected" and "connected" in the present application have the meaning of conducting. The specific meaning should be understood in combination with the context.

[0026] In the embodiments of the present application, the words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to represent an example, illustration or description. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Rather, the use of "exemplary" or "for example" and the like is intended to present the relevant concept in a specific manner.

[0027] Karst landform, also known as karst landform, is a general term for the surface and underground forms formed by the dissolution of soluble rocks by water with dissolution. In the karst landform scenic area, due to its unique geological structure, rainfall can cause a series of complex geological changes, causing meteorological disasters; for example, rainfall can cause the rise of underground water level, rainwater seeps into rock crevices, increases the water content of rock-soil body, reduces its shear strength, and then causes landslides, ground subsidence and other geological disasters.

[0028] At present, the existing meteorological service warning device has many deficiencies in the application of karst landform scenic spots. Most of the warning devices only monitor single meteorological elements such as rainfall, lack of comprehensive monitoring of key links in the process of geological disasters, and cannot detect whether the disaster is formed, with low detection accuracy.

[0029] Therefore, referring to Figure 1 , the meteorological service warning device applied to karst landform scenic spots is provided, which comprises a monitoring module 1, a data processing module 2 and a warning module 3.

[0030] Referring to Figure 1 , the monitoring module 1 comprises a displacement sensor 11, an inclination sensor 12, a soil moisture sensor 13 and a pressure type water level sensor 14.

[0031] Referring to Figure 1 , the displacement sensor 11 is arranged on the bedrock or concrete base, and the displacement sensor 11 is used for monitoring the displacement change of the geological body. In the karst landform scenic spot, the displacement sensor 11 is installed at the key positions such as the mountain slope, the cliff, the ground subsidence hidden danger area and the like. The displacement sensor 11 can adopt a high-precision laser displacement sensor 11 or a GPS displacement monitoring device, which is fixed on the stable bedrock or concrete base, so as to ensure that the displacement change of the geological body can be accurately monitored. For the mountain slope, a displacement sensor 11 is installed every certain distance (such as 1020 meters), forming a displacement monitoring network.

[0032] Referring to Figure 1 , the inclination sensor 12 is attached to the surface of the geological body, and the inclination sensor 12 is used for monitoring the inclination of the geological body. The inclination sensor 12 is installed on the geological body such as building, stone tablet and rock wall which may incline. When the inclination sensor 12 is installed, the horizontal reference surface thereof is attached to the surface of the geological body well, and is fixed by bolts or glue. For the high building or rock wall, a plurality of inclination sensors 12 are installed at different height positions, so as to comprehensively monitor the inclination of the geological body.

[0033] Referring to Figure 1 , the inclination sensor 12 can adopt an electrolyte type inclination sensor 12, which is internally provided with a conductive liquid, usually in a sealed container, and an electrode is arranged in the container. When the sensor inclines, the liquid level of the conductive liquid will incline, causing the resistance or capacitance between the electrodes to change. By measuring the change amount of the resistance or capacitance between the electrodes, the inclination angle of the sensor can be calculated.

[0034] The electrolyte type tilt sensor 12 has high precision and sensitivity, can detect small changes in the tilt angle, and is suitable for monitoring scenes with high precision requirements, such as the tilt monitoring of precious cultural relic buildings and important viewing platforms in scenic spots. However, the electrolyte type tilt sensor 12 has high requirements for the environment, and the conductive liquid is easily affected by temperature, vibration and other factors. In the complex geological environment of karst landform scenic spots, protective measures such as installing temperature compensation devices and shock absorption devices are needed to improve the accuracy of measurement.

[0035] Alternatively, the tilt sensor 12 can also be a capacitive type tilt sensor 12 or a servo type tilt sensor 12.

[0036] The soil moisture sensor 13 is buried in the soil, and is used to measure the soil water content. Different geological regions and soil types are selected in the scenic spot, and the soil moisture sensor 13 is buried in the soil at different depths (such as 10 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm, etc.). When buried, the sensor should be protected from interference from stones, roots, etc., and the sensor should be in full contact with the soil to accurately measure the soil water content.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 The pressure type water level sensor 14 is arranged in the karst cave water accumulation area, and is used to monitor the water accumulation in the karst cave water accumulation area. The pressure type water level sensor 14 is installed in the underground water level monitoring well and the karst cave water accumulation area in the scenic spot. The probe of the pressure type water level sensor 14 is placed in the water, and the sensor is connected to the data acquisition device through a cable to ensure that the change of the underground water level can be monitored in real time.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 The data processing module 2 is electrically connected with the displacement sensor 11, the tilt sensor 12, the soil moisture sensor 13 and the pressure type water level sensor 14 in the monitoring module 1.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1 The hardware elements of the data processing module 2 can include a microprocessor 21, a data storage unit, a communication interface circuit 23 and a power management circuit 24.

[0040] The microprocessor 21, as the core element of the data processing module 2, can be a high-performance ARM architecture microprocessor 21, such as the STM32H7 series. This series of microprocessors 21 has a high main frequency (up to 480 MHz) and a rich peripheral interface, which can quickly process a large amount of monitoring data. The multiple timers and ADC (analog-to-digital converter) modules built-in can accurately control the data acquisition frequency and convert the analog signals output by the sensor into digital signals, ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of data processing.

[0041] The data storage unit 22 can adopt a large-capacity flash memory (Flash) and a random access memory (RAM). The flash memory is used to store important data such as system programs, data processing algorithms, and preset threshold values, and is commonly an SPI Flash with a capacity of 16 MB. The RAM is used to temporarily store real-time data collected by the sensors and intermediate results during data processing, and is generally configured as an 8 MB SRAM to ensure that data can be quickly read and written during processing.

[0042] The communication interface circuit 23 can include various communication interfaces such as RS485, CAN bus interface, Ethernet interface, and wireless communication module 34 interface. The RS485 and CAN bus interfaces are used to realize stable communication with various sensors in the monitoring module 1, support long-distance, multi-node data transmission, and ensure reliable data collection. The Ethernet interface can be used to upload processed data to the monitoring center server of the scenic spot, facilitating remote monitoring and management by management personnel. The wireless communication module 34 interface adapts 4G, 5G, or NBIoT wireless communication modules 34 to realize wireless connection of the device with external networks, meeting the needs of remote data transmission and remote control.

[0043] The power management circuit 24 can provide stable power supply for each element of the data processing module 2. A DCDC power supply 4 conversion chip is used to convert the power supply 4 provided by the power supply 4 into different voltage levels (such as 3.3V, 1.8V, etc.), meeting the power supply needs of microprocessors 21, memories, and other elements. At the same time, it has functions such as overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, and power supply 4 filtering, ensuring stable operation of the circuit in a complex electromagnetic environment.

[0044] The data processing module 2 needs to be configured with software, including but not limited to loading an operating system, writing a data processing algorithm program, and configuring a communication protocol program.

[0045] The operating system can load an embedded real-time operating system (RTOS) such as FreeRTOS or uC / OSIII. These operating systems have strong real-time performance and flexible task scheduling, and can effectively manage multiple tasks of the data processing module 2 such as data collection, data processing, and communication, ensuring efficient execution of each task according to priority order.

[0046] The data processing algorithm program can be written in C / C++ language, including data filtering algorithms (such as Kalman filtering, median filtering, etc.) for removing noise and outliers in sensor data, trend analysis algorithms for predicting data trends through analysis of historical and real-time data, and threshold judgment algorithms for judging the possibility and severity of disasters according to preset thresholds and data changes. These algorithm programs are stored in flash memory and executed by the microprocessor 21.

[0047] The communication protocol program can configure the corresponding communication protocol program to realize communication with the monitoring module 1, the early warning module 3 and the external device. For example, for RS485 and CAN bus communication, write a communication program that conforms to the Modbus RTU or CANopen protocol to ensure accurate data interaction with the sensor; for Ethernet and wireless communication, use the TCP / IP protocol stack to realize network transmission of data.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 The data processing module 2 is used to receive various monitoring data transmitted by the monitoring module 1 and analyze and process the data, mainly including data reception, data preprocessing, data analysis and judgment, and early warning information generation.

[0049] The data processing module 2 receives displacement, inclination, soil moisture and underground water level monitoring data transmitted by the monitoring module 1 through wired or wireless communication. The data processing module 2 has multiple communication protocols built-in and can be compatible with different types of sensor data transmission formats.

[0050] Data preprocessing performs filtering, denoising and other preprocessing operations on the received data to remove outliers and interference signals in the data, improving the accuracy and reliability of the data.

[0051] The data processing module 2 uses data processing algorithms to analyze the preprocessed data according to the preset threshold and data trend. For example, when the displacement sensor 11 monitors the displacement to exceed the preset warning threshold in a short period of time, or the soil moisture sensor 13 monitors the soil moisture content to continuously rise and approach saturation, and the pressure water level sensor 14 monitors the underground water level to rapidly rise, the data processing module 2 determines that there is a possibility of geological disaster occurrence, and determines the disaster level according to the severity of the data.

[0052] According to the data analysis result, the data processing module 2 generates corresponding early warning information and transmits the early warning information to the early warning module 3.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 1 The early warning module 3 is electrically connected with the data processing module 2, and is used to issue different levels of early warning signals according to the severity of the disaster according to the analysis result of the data processing module 2.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 1 The hardware components of the early warning module 3 can include a main control chip 31, a sound alarm circuit 32, a light flashing circuit 33, a wireless communication module 34 and a power supply 4 interface circuit.

[0055] The main control chip 31 can be a low-power and high-performance single-chip microcomputer, such as an STC8H series single-chip microcomputer. This chip has abundant I / O port resources and timer modules, enabling flexible control of the output of the early warning signal, and has low power consumption, making it suitable for long-term operation.

[0056] The sound alarm circuit 32 can be composed of a high-loudness loudspeaker, an audio power amplifier, and a driving circuit. The loudspeaker is a high-decibel horn with a rated power of 5 W and an impedance of 8 Ω, capable of emitting clear alarm sounds in a large area of the scenic spot. The audio power amplifier uses a TDA2030A chip to amplify the audio signal output by the main control chip 31 and drive the loudspeaker to emit sound alarms of different frequencies and intensities.

[0057] The light flickering circuit 33 can use LED warning lights of different colors (such as yellow, orange, and red) in combination with LED driving chips and control circuits to achieve the light flickering effect. The LED driving chip, such as PT4115, can accurately control the current of the LED to ensure stable light brightness. The main control chip 31 controls the on-off and flickering frequency of the LED to achieve the light display effect under different early warning levels.

[0058] The wireless communication module 34 can be selected according to actual needs, such as 4G, 5G, or NBIoT wireless communication modules 34, such as BC95NB1 (NBIoT module) and EC20 (4G module) of Yiduokong. These modules are connected to the main control chip 31 through a serial port to send early warning information to the mobile terminals of the scenic spot managers and tourists in the form of SMS, APP push, etc.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 1 The power supply 4 interface circuit can be connected to the power supply 4 to provide power for each element of the early warning module 3. A power management circuit 24 similar to the data processing module 2 is used to stabilize and filter the input power supply 4 to ensure stable operation of each element.

[0060] The early warning module 3 also needs software configuration to achieve the expected function, such as the writing of early warning logic programs and the configuration of communication protocol programs.

[0061] Based on the main control chip 31, the early warning logic program is written to determine the disaster level according to the early warning information transmitted by the data processing module 2 and control the sound alarm circuit 32, the light flickering circuit 33, and the wireless communication module 34 to perform the corresponding early warning operation. For example, when receiving a level one early warning information, the program controls the loudspeaker to emit a slow and deep alarm sound, the yellow LED warning light flickers slowly, and sends a low-risk early warning SMS to the relevant personnel through the wireless communication module 34.

[0062] The protocol program for communicating with the data processing module 2 and the external device is written to ensure that the early warning information sent by the data processing module 2 is accurately received and sent to the mobile terminal according to the specified format and protocol. For the wireless communication module 34, the corresponding AT instruction set is adapted to realize the functions of short message sending, data connection, etc.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 1 The meteorological service early warning device in the application is internally provided with a monitoring module 1, a data processing module 2 and an early warning module 3. Through the combination of the displacement sensor 11, the tilt sensor 12, the soil moisture sensor 13 and the pressure water level sensor 14 of the monitoring module 1, important data such as mountain displacement, geological body tilt, soil water content and underground water level in the karst landform scenic area can be obtained, comprehensive monitoring of each key link in the "rainfall seepage displacement" disaster chain is formed, thereby providing rich and accurate information basis for disaster early warning, which is helpful for timely and accurate disaster early warning.

[0064] In some examples, the meteorological service early warning device applied to the karst landform scenic area provided by the application can also include temperature, humidity, air pressure, rainfall, wind direction and wind speed detection functions to realize the acquisition of basic meteorological elements and more accurate meteorological information judgment.

[0065] In some examples, the data processing module 2 includes a microprocessor 21, a data storage unit 22 and a communication interface circuit 23. The communication interface circuit 23 has a plurality of communication ports, and the plurality of communication ports are respectively in communication connection with the displacement sensor 11, the tilt sensor 12, the soil moisture sensor 13 and the pressure water level sensor 14.

[0066] The data processing module 2 receives the monitoring data such as displacement, tilt, soil moisture and underground water level transmitted by the monitoring module 1, and analyzes the data by using a data processing algorithm. According to the data analysis result, the data processing module 2 generates corresponding early warning information and transmits the early warning information to the early warning module 3, so that the early warning work is timely and complete.

[0067] In some examples, the plurality of communication ports include at least three wired interfaces and at least one wireless interface. The displacement sensor 11, the tilt sensor 12 and the pressure water level sensor 14 are respectively connected to the three independent wired interfaces through cables, and the soil moisture sensor 13 is wirelessly connected to the wireless interface.

[0068] The communication port simultaneously uses the wired interface and the wireless interface, which can adopt different communication modes for different sensors, facilitating the communication of the sensors and the installation and configuration of various sensors.

[0069] In some examples, the wired interface can be provided with six, and the wireless interface can be provided with two or four.

[0070] Specifically, for high-precision laser displacement sensor 11 or GPS displacement monitoring equipment, considering the stability and accuracy of data transmission, and environmental factors such as electromagnetic interference that may exist in the scenic spot, a cable connection method is generally used. Specifically, RS485 communication cable can be used. RS485 bus has the advantages of long distance transmission (up to 1200 meters), strong anti-interference ability, and support for multi-node connection, which can meet the layout requirements of displacement sensor 11 at different monitoring points in the scenic spot. The RS485 communication interface of the displacement sensor 11 and the RS485 communication interface of the data processing module 2 are connected by cable, and data transmission is carried out according to the ModbusRTU communication protocol, ensuring reliable collection and transmission of displacement data.

[0071] Generally, the tilt sensor 12 is installed on relatively fixed geological bodies such as buildings, stone tablets, and rock walls, and the installation position is relatively concentrated. In order to ensure the stability and real-time performance of data transmission, cable connection is usually used. RS485 communication cable can also be used for connection. The RS485 interface of the tilt sensor 12 is connected to the RS485 interface of the data processing module 2, and the tilt angle data is transmitted according to the ModbusRTU protocol.

[0072] Since the soil moisture sensor 13 usually needs to be buried in different geological regions and soil types in the scenic spot at multiple different depths, the number of sensors is large and the distribution is relatively dispersed. In order to reduce the wiring cost and construction difficulty, and considering that the real-time requirement of data transmission is not very high, a wireless communication method can be used.

[0073] The soil moisture sensor 13 supporting ZigBee wireless communication technology is selected. ZigBee has the characteristics of strong self-organizing network capability, low power consumption, and multi-node communication, which can easily realize the networking communication of multiple soil moisture sensors 13. Each soil moisture sensor 13 forms a wireless sensor network through a ZigBee module, and transmits the collected soil moisture data to the ZigBee coordinator of the data processing module 2, and then the coordinator forwards the data to the data processing module 2 for processing.

[0074] The pressure type water level sensor 14 is usually installed in relatively fixed positions such as underground water level monitoring wells and cave water accumulation areas. In order to ensure the real-time and accurate transmission of water level data, cable connection is generally used. Shielded cable can be used as transmission cable to connect the signal output end of the pressure type water level sensor 14 to the analog signal input interface of the data processing module 2, and the analog signal output by the sensor is converted to digital signal for processing through the ADC module. For some monitoring points with long distance, RS485 communication cable can be used for connection, and data transmission is carried out according to the ModbusRTU protocol, to improve the stability and reliability of data transmission.

[0075] In other examples, in some remote monitoring points where it is difficult to lay cables, or in scenarios where flexible arrangement of sensors is required, wireless communication mode can also be adopted. The displacement sensor 11 supporting LoRa wireless communication technology is selected. LoRa has the characteristics of long-distance transmission (up to several kilometers), low power consumption, strong penetration, etc., and is suitable for use in complex terrain environments in scenic spots. The displacement sensor 11 performs wireless communication with the LoRa receiving module of the data processing module 2 through the LoRa wireless module, realizing remote transmission of displacement data.

[0076] In other examples, if the inclination sensor 12 is installed in some high places or dangerous areas where personnel are difficult to reach or cable laying is not conducive, wireless communication mode can be adopted. For example, the inclination sensor 12 based on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology is used. BLE has the characteristics of low power consumption, stable short-distance communication, etc., and is suitable for near-distance data transmission scenarios. The inclination sensor 12 performs wireless communication with the BLE receiving module of the data processing module 2 through the BLE module, and transmits inclination data to the data processing module 2.

[0077] In other examples, in some areas where the stability of data transmission is extremely high and the laying of cables is relatively easy, cable connection mode can also be adopted, such as using shielded twisted pair as transmission cable, and transmitting soil moisture sensor 13 data to data processing module 2 through 420mA current loop communication mode. 420mA current loop has the advantages of strong anti-interference ability and long transmission distance.

[0078] In other examples, in some special areas where it is difficult to lay cables, such as water level monitoring points located in remote cave depths, wireless communication mode can be adopted. The pressure type water level sensor 14 supporting 4G communication technology is selected. 4G has the advantages of fast transmission speed and wide coverage, and can transmit water level data to the data processing module 2 in real time. The sensor sends data to the cloud server through the built-in 4G communication module, and the data processing module 2 obtains the water level data from the cloud server for analysis and processing.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 1 In some examples, the meteorological service early warning device applied to karst landform scenic spots further includes a power supply 4; the data processing module 2 further includes a power management circuit 24, the power management circuit 24 is electrically connected with the power supply 4, and the power management circuit 24 is electrically connected with the microprocessor 21, the data storage unit 22 and the communication interface circuit 23, so as to supply power to the microprocessor 21, the data storage unit 22 and the communication interface circuit 23 through the power supply 4.

[0080] The power supply 4 can supply power to the microprocessor 21, the data storage unit 22 and the communication interface circuit 23, and the power management circuit 24 can make the power supply safe and stable.

[0081] In some examples, the power supply 4 mainly consists of a solar panel and a storage battery. The solar panel serves as an energy collection element, usually made of monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon material, which converts solar radiation energy into electrical energy directly through the principle of photoelectric effect. When sunlight shines on the surface of the solar panel, the electrons in the semiconductor material absorb photon energy to generate electron-hole pairs, which move to the two poles of the battery under the action of the internal electric field, thereby forming an electric current output.

[0082] The storage battery serves as an energy storage element, and a lithium battery with large capacity and high stability, such as a lithium iron phosphate battery, is selected. The lithium battery has the advantages of high energy density, low self-discharge rate, and long cycle life, which can meet the continuous power supply needs of the device in the absence of light (such as at night or during continuous rainy weather).

[0083] The electrical energy generated by the solar panel is transmitted to the storage battery through the charge controller, which can monitor the voltage, current and other parameters of the storage battery in real time, automatically adjust the charging current and voltage, and use a constant current and constant voltage charging mode. When the battery power is low, it charges quickly with a constant current, and when the power is close to full, it switches to constant voltage charging to avoid overcharging and protect the performance and service life of the battery.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 1 In some examples, the warning module 3 includes a main control chip 31, a sound alarm circuit 32, a light flashing circuit 33, and a wireless communication module 34, all of which are connected to the power management circuit 24 and powered by the power supply 4.

[0085] The warning module 3 can sound an alarm and flash a light based on the processing results of the data processing module 2, and can also send the processing results to a remote end through the wireless communication module 34, so that the staff of the scenic spot can respond in a timely manner to ensure the safety of tourists and reduce the accident rate.

[0086] In some examples, the displacement sensor 11 is a laser displacement sensor 11 or a GPS displacement monitoring device. The laser displacement sensor 11 and the GPS displacement monitoring device have good monitoring effect and can effectively monitor the area where the displacement sensor 11 is installed.

[0087] In some examples, multiple displacement sensors 11 are provided, and the multiple displacement sensors 11 are installed on the mountain slope, cliff, and ground subsidence hazard area, respectively, and are distributed at intervals. The multiple displacement sensors 11 are installed at different positions and can monitor multiple dangerous areas in the karst landform scenic area, thereby issuing accurate alarms in a timely manner.

[0088] In some examples, the number of displacement sensors 11 should be configured according to specific conditions, such as can be laid on each mountain slope, cliff, land subsidence hidden area at equal intervals to form a large model, accurately monitor various risks in the scenic area.

[0089] In some examples, the tilt sensor 12 is provided in multiple, and the multiple tilt sensors 12 are respectively installed on buildings, stone monuments, rock walls in the scenic area.

[0090] The tilt sensor 12 is installed on the geological body such as building, stone monument, rock wall which may occur tilt, thereby comprehensively monitoring the tilt condition of the geological body, when the building is dangerous due to weather or other factors, timely alarm can be given.

[0091] In some examples, the number of tilt sensors 12 can also be configured according to specific conditions, such as can be laid on the geological body such as building, stone monument, rock wall which may occur tilt at equal intervals.

[0092] In the description of the present specification, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0093] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any change or replacement within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A meteorological service early warning device applied to a karst landform scenic spot, characterized in that, The monitoring module, the data processing module, and the early warning module are included. The monitoring module includes a displacement sensor, an inclination sensor, a soil moisture sensor, and a pressure type water level sensor. The displacement sensor is arranged on a bedrock or a concrete base and is used to monitor displacement changes of a geological body. The inclination sensor is attached to the surface of the geological body and is used to monitor the inclination of the geological body. The soil moisture sensor is buried in the soil and is used to measure the water content of the soil. The pressure type water level sensor is arranged in a karst cave water accumulation area and is used to monitor the water accumulation in the karst cave water accumulation area. The data processing module is electrically connected to the displacement sensor, the inclination sensor, the soil moisture sensor, and the pressure type water level sensor in the monitoring module. The data processing module is used to receive monitoring data transmitted by the monitoring module and analyze and process the data. The early warning module is electrically connected to the data processing module and is used to issue an early warning signal based on the analysis results of the data processing module.

2. The meteorological service early warning device for karst landform scenic spots according to claim 1, wherein the data processing module includes a microprocessor, a data storage unit, and a communication interface circuit.

3. The meteorological service early warning device for karst landform scenic spots according to claim 2, wherein the communication interface circuit has multiple communication ports.

4. The meteorological service early warning device for karst landform scenic spots according to claim 2, wherein the multiple communication ports include at least three wired interfaces and at least one wireless interface.

5. The meteorological service early warning device for karst landform scenic spots according to claim 4, wherein the device further includes a power supply.

6. The meteorological service early warning device for karst landform scenic spots according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the displacement sensor is a laser displacement sensor or a GPS displacement monitoring device. ​ 7. The meteorological service early warning device for karst landform scenic spots according to claim 6, characterized in that, the displacement sensors are arranged in multiple, and the multiple displacement sensors are respectively installed on mountain slopes, cliffs, and ground subsidence hidden danger areas, and are distributed at intervals.

8. The meteorological service early warning device for karst landform scenic spots according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, the tilt sensors are arranged in multiple, and the multiple tilt sensors are respectively installed on buildings, stone monuments, and rock walls in the scenic area.

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