Energy storage system for pumping water by using compressed air

Abstract

The energy storage system comprises an upper reservoir, a lower reservoir, a water storage reservoir, a water-air co-containing tank, an air storage tank and a first water pressing tank, the water-air co-containing tank is arranged below the water surface of the lower reservoir, the upper reservoir is communicated with the water-air co-containing tank, a water diversion pipeline is provided with a first valve, the water-air co-containing tank is communicated with the air storage tank, an air storage pipeline is provided with a second valve, and the first water pressing tank is communicated with the water storage reservoir. The water inlet pipeline is provided with a third valve, the air storage tank is communicated with the first water pressing tank, the first air supply pipeline is provided with a fourth valve, the first water pressing tank is communicated with the water storage reservoir, the first lifting pipeline is provided with a fifth valve, the water-air co-containing tank and / or the water diversion pipeline are / is communicated with the lower reservoir, and the water inlet and outlet pipeline is provided with a sixth valve. And the water-gas co-containing tank is communicated with a gas supplementing pipeline, and the gas supplementing pipeline is provided with a seventh valve. By means of the simple and ingenious structure, compressed air is generated through water energy of the upper reservoir, the generated compressed air is used for water lifting and energy storage, the energy utilization rate is effectively increased, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of energy reserve, specifically relates to a kind of energy storage system for pumping water using compressed air. BACKGROUND

[0002] Energy is the driving force of social development, with the increasingly prominent energy environment problem, wind energy, solar energy and other renewable energy is paid more and more attention, but due to the volatility of renewable energy, randomness and the existing power grid peak shaving capacity insufficient problems bring great challenge to the development of renewable energy. Energy storage system as the transition system between power plant and power grid, can effectively solve the renewable energy grid-connected problem, in the existing energy storage system, pumped storage has been large-scale application, traditional pumped storage uses the electric energy generated during the low valley of electric load to convert into mechanical energy to pump water to high reservoir, in the high peak of electric load, water is discharged to lower reservoir to generate electricity, water energy is used to generate electricity first, converted into electric energy, then electric energy is converted into the mechanical energy of water pump to pump water, energy conversion rate is low, and cost is high. SUMMARY

[0003] The main purpose of the utility model is to overcome the defects in the above background art, provide a kind of energy storage system for pumping water using compressed air.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides an energy storage system of compressed air pumping water, including upper reservoir, lower reservoir, reservoir, water gas co container, air tank and first water pressurizing jar, the water gas co container is located lower reservoir water surface, the upper reservoir is connected with water gas co container through water pipeline, be equipped with first valve on the water pipeline, the water gas co container's gas outlet is connected with the air inlet of air tank through air storage pipeline, be equipped with second valve on the air storage pipeline, the water inlet of first water pressurizing jar is connected with the upper reservoir through water inlet pipeline, be equipped with third valve on the water inlet pipeline, the air outlet of air tank is connected with the air inlet of first water pressurizing jar through first gas supply pipeline, be equipped with fourth valve on the first gas supply pipeline, the water outlet of first water pressurizing jar is connected with the reservoir through first lifting pipeline, be equipped with fifth valve on the first lifting pipeline, be equipped with inlet and outlet water pipeline that the water gas co container and / or the water pipeline is connected with lower reservoir, be equipped with sixth valve on the inlet and outlet water pipeline, be connected with the air supplement pipeline of water gas co container, be equipped with seventh valve on the air supplement pipeline. When generating compressed air, by opening first valve 701 on water pipeline, the water flow of upper reservoir is in the gas of water gas co container compression jar located lower reservoir and generates high pressure gas, after opening second valve, the high pressure gas generated enters the air tank and is stored; when pumping water, open third valve on water inlet pipeline, after the water of upper reservoir flows into first water pressurizing jar and fills up, close third valve, open fourth valve on first gas supply pipeline and fifth valve on first lifting pipeline, the compressed air in air tank enters first water pressurizing jar and pressurizes the water in first water pressurizing jar to reservoir and carries out pumping water work, converts water energy into compressed air and then uses compressed air to carry out pumping water energy storage, can effectively reduce energy loss.

[0005] Further optimize technical scheme, be equipped with air valve on the water pipeline. Prevent water hammer in the water pipeline through air valve.

[0006] Further optimize technical scheme, the reservoir is connected with water pipeline or water gas co container through water release pipeline, be equipped with eighth valve on the water release pipeline. By opening eighth valve, can use the water on reservoir to generate compressed air, and the compressed air is used to pump the water of lower reservoir to upper reservoir for use.

[0007] Further optimize technical scheme, be equipped with pressure detection device on the water gas co container, be connected with second gas supply pipeline on the first gas supply pipeline, the second gas supply pipeline is connected with pressure detection device, be equipped with ninth valve on the second gas supply pipeline. Through pressure detection device, the pressure in water gas co container is conveniently detected, when water gas co container is filled with water, the compressed air in air tank is counter pressure through second gas supply pipeline, ninth valve and the water in water gas co container is pressed out to lower reservoir.

[0008] Further optimize technical scheme, first water tank is equipped with first pressure relief pipeline, first pressure relief pipeline is equipped with tenth valve. Through first pressure relief pipeline and tenth valve, after first water tank is filled with water, pressure relief is carried out, and when water is filled into upper reservoir, it is avoided that it is not smooth.

[0009] Further optimize technical scheme, the energy storage system using compressed air to pump water further includes a second water tank, the water inlet of the second water tank is communicated with the first lifting pipeline, the water outlet of the second water tank is communicated with the reservoir through a second lifting pipeline, the second lifting pipeline is provided with an eleventh valve, the second water tank is provided with a second pressure relief pipeline, the second pressure relief pipeline is provided with a twelfth valve, the first gas supply pipeline is communicated with a third gas supply pipeline, the third gas supply pipeline is communicated with the gas inlet of the second water tank, and the third gas supply pipeline is provided with a thirteenth valve.

[0010] Further optimize technical scheme, the difference height between the upper reservoir and the water-gas co-container is marked as H, the difference height between the first water tank and the second water tank is marked as H1, and the difference height between the second water tank and the reservoir is marked as H2, wherein H is greater than H1 and H2.

[0011] Further optimize technical scheme, the water-gas co-container, the first water tank and the second water tank are all provided with liquid level switches, the liquid level switch located on the first water tank is linked with the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve and the tenth valve, the liquid level switch located on the water-gas co-container is linked with the first valve, the second valve, the sixth valve, the eighth valve and the ninth valve, and the liquid level switch located on the second water tank is linked with the eleventh valve, the twelfth valve and the thirteenth valve.

[0012] Further optimize technical scheme, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve, the sixth valve, the seventh valve, the eighth valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve, the twelfth valve and the thirteenth valve adopt any one of a stop valve, a gate valve, a ball valve and a butterfly valve, and the ninth valve adopts a pressure regulating valve.

[0013] Further optimize technical scheme, the driving mode of the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve, the sixth valve, the seventh valve, the eighth valve, the ninth valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve, the twelfth valve and the thirteenth valve adopts any one of electric drive, pneumatic drive and hydraulic drive.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the utility model include: through opening the first valve on the water diversion pipeline, the water flow of the upper reservoir generates high pressure gas in the gas of the water gas co-container compression tank located in the lower reservoir, the generated high pressure gas is stored in the gas storage tank, then the third valve on the water inlet pipeline is opened, the water flow of the upper reservoir fills in the first water compression tank and then the third valve is closed, the fourth valve on the first gas supply pipeline and the fifth valve on the first lifting pipeline are opened, the compressed air in the gas storage tank is released into the first water compression tank to press the water in the first water compression tank into the reservoir for water extraction work, compared with the traditional pumped storage mode, the utility model uses compressed air to store energy, can effectively reduce energy loss, improve energy utilization rate, and has low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is the whole schematic view of the energy storage system of the utility model embodiment using compressed air to pump water.

[0016] Sign: 1 upper reservoir;2 lower reservoir;3 reservoir;4 water gas co-container;5 gas storage tank;6 first water compression tank;601 first pressure relief pipeline;602 tenth valve;7 water diversion pipeline;701 first valve;8 gas storage pipeline;801 second valve;9 water inlet pipeline;901 third valve;10 first gas supply pipeline;1001 fourth valve;11 first lifting pipeline;1101 fifth valve;12 water inlet and outlet pipeline;1201 sixth valve;13 air supplement pipeline;1301 seventh valve;14 air valve;15 water outlet pipeline;1501 eighth valve;16 pressure detection device;17 second gas supply pipeline;1701 ninth valve;18 liquid level switch;19 second water compression tank;1901 second pressure relief pipeline;1902 twelfth valve;20 second lifting pipeline;2001 eleventh valve;21 third gas supply pipeline;2101 thirteenth valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects of the utility model embodiment to be solved more clearly, the following will be further described in detail in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0018] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element. In addition, the connection can be for fixing or for circuit communication.

[0019] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like specify the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0020] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1In one embodiment, the disclosed compressed air pumped storage system includes an upper reservoir 1, a lower reservoir 2, a storage reservoir 3, a water-gas co-container 4, a gas storage tank 5 and a first water pressurizing tank 6. Specifically, the upper reservoir 1 is located at the upstream of a river, the lower reservoir 2 is located at the downstream of the river, the storage reservoir 3 is located at the top of a mountain or a river valley near the river, the water-gas co-container 4 is located below the water surface of the lower reservoir 2, the water-gas co-container 4 is adjusted between the normal water level and the flood control water level of the lower reservoir 2, the upper reservoir 1 is connected to the water-gas co-container 4 through a water diversion pipeline 7, a first valve 701 is arranged on the water diversion pipeline 7 to control the water flow from the upper reservoir 1 into the water-gas co-container 4 to generate compressed air, the gas outlet of the water-gas co-container 4 is connected to the gas inlet of the gas storage tank 5 through a gas storage pipeline 8, a second valve 801 is arranged on the gas storage pipeline 8 to control the compressed air generated in the water-gas co-container 4 to enter the gas storage tank 5, the water inlet of the first water pressurizing tank 6 is connected to the upper reservoir 1 through a water inlet pipeline 9, a third valve 901 is arranged on the water inlet pipeline 9, the first water pressurizing tank 6 is arranged at a lower level than the upper reservoir 1, when the third valve 901 is opened, the water in the upper reservoir 1 can enter the first water pressurizing tank 6 through the water inlet pipeline 9, the gas outlet of the gas storage tank 5 is connected to the gas inlet of the first water pressurizing tank 6 through a first gas supply pipeline 10, a fourth valve 1001 is arranged on the first gas supply pipeline 10, the water outlet of the first water pressurizing tank 6 is connected to the storage reservoir 3 through a first lifting pipeline 11, a fifth valve 1101 is arranged on the first lifting pipeline 11, a water inlet and outlet pipeline 12 is arranged on the water-gas co-container 4 and / or the water diversion pipeline 7 to be connected to the lower reservoir 2, a sixth valve 1201 is arranged on the water inlet and outlet pipeline 12, a gas supplement pipeline 13 is connected to the water-gas co-container 4, a seventh valve 1301 is arranged on the gas supplement pipeline 13, and the gas supplement pipeline 13 is connected to the outside atmosphere or a compressor.In the embodiment, in the initial state, the seventh valve 1301 on the air supplement pipeline 13 and the sixth valve 1201 on the water inlet and outlet pipeline 12 are opened, and the external compressor is connected to the water-air coexistence tank 4 through the air supplement pipeline 13 to blow air into the water-air coexistence tank 4, and the water in the water-air coexistence tank 4 is pressed out, and after the water is pressed out, the sixth valve 1201 and the seventh valve 1301 are closed, the first valve 701 on the water inlet pipeline 7 is opened, the water in the upper reservoir 1 flows into the compressed tank in the water-air coexistence tank 4 in the lower reservoir 2 to generate high-pressure gas, after the second valve 801 is opened, the generated high-pressure gas enters the gas storage tank 5 for storage, the third valve 901 on the water inlet pipeline 9 is opened, the water in the upper reservoir 1 flows into the first water storage tank 6 and is filled, and then the third valve 901 is closed, the fourth valve 1001 on the first air supply pipeline 10 and the fifth valve 1101 on the first lifting pipeline 11 are opened, the compressed air in the gas storage tank 5 is released into the first water storage tank 6, and the water in the first water storage tank 6 is pressed into the reservoir 3 to perform water extraction work, after one water extraction is completed, the gas storage tank 5 still stores a certain pressure of compressed air, and by adjusting the opening of the second valve 801 and the sixth valve 1201, a small part of the compressed air in the gas storage tank 5 enters the water-air coexistence tank 4 to press out the water in which the gas generated in the last time into the tank to the lower reservoir 2, and then the first valve 701 is opened again to fill water to generate compressed air for water extraction; compared with the traditional pumped storage method, the embodiment converts water energy into compressed air and then releases the compressed air for water extraction and energy storage, effectively reduces energy loss, improves energy utilization rate, and has simple structure and low cost.

[0022] In the preferred embodiment, the air valve 14 is arranged on the water inlet pipeline 7, and the air valve 14 is used to prevent water hammer from being generated in the water inlet pipeline 7 after the first valve 701 is instantaneously closed, and to prevent the water inlet pipeline 7 from being deformed and causing water leakage.

[0023] In the preferred embodiment, the reservoir 3 is communicated with the water conduit 7 or the water-gas compatible tank 4 through a water release conduit 15, and the eighth valve 1501 is arranged on the water release conduit 15. When the upper reservoir 1 is in the dry season, and the water level is lower than the water inlet of the water conduit 7, the water stored in the reservoir 3 is released from the high place to the water-gas compatible tank 4 through the water conduit 7 by opening the eighth valve 1501, or directly enters the water-gas compatible tank 4 to compress the gas in the water-gas compatible tank 4 to generate compressed air. The generated compressed air is used to lift the water in the lower reservoir 2 to the upper reservoir 1, and the original power station is used for power generation, without the need to add a power plant building, thereby reducing the production cost. When the compressed air is generated, the eighth valve 1501 is opened, the second valve 801 and the sixth valve 1201 are closed, the water in the reservoir 3 flows to the gas in the water-gas compatible tank 4 in the lower reservoir 2 to generate compressed air, then the second valve 801 is opened, and the generated compressed air enters the gas storage tank 5 for storage. When the generated compressed air is used to pump water from the lower reservoir 2 to the upper reservoir 1, the sixth valve 1201 is opened, the water in the lower reservoir 2 enters the water-gas compatible tank 4 for filling, and after the filling is completed, the sixth valve 1201 is closed, the first valve 701 and the ninth valve are opened, and the compressed air stored in the gas storage tank 5 enters the water-gas compatible tank 4 after pressure regulation to return the water pressure in the tank to the upper reservoir 1 for use.

[0024] In the preferred embodiment, the pressure detection device 16 is arranged on the water-gas compatible tank 4, the pressure detection device 16 is used for detecting the pressure in the water-gas compatible tank 4, the second gas supply conduit 17 is communicated with the first gas supply conduit 10, the second gas supply conduit 17 is communicated with the pressure detection device 16, and the ninth valve 1701 is arranged on the second gas supply conduit 17. When it is needed to discharge the water pressure in the water-gas compatible tank 4 to the lower reservoir 2, the second valve 801 is closed, and the ninth valve 1701 is opened. The compressed air stored in the gas storage tank 5 enters the water-gas compatible tank 4 through the second gas supply conduit 17 and the pressure detection device 16, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the pressure of the compressed air entering the water-gas compatible tank 4 from the gas storage tank 5.

[0025] In the preferred embodiment, the first pressure relief conduit 601 is communicated with the first water tank 6, the tenth valve 602 is arranged on the first pressure relief conduit 601, and the tenth valve 602 is communicated with the external atmosphere. When the water in the first water tank 6 is pressed to the reservoir 3, the first water tank 6 is filled with compressed air. At this time, the tenth valve 602 is opened for pressure relief, so as to ensure the smoothness of the water inflow of the first water tank 6.

[0026] In the preferred embodiment, the energy storage system using compressed air to pump water further comprises a second water pressurizing tank 19, the water inlet of the second water pressurizing tank 19 is communicated with the outlet of the first lifting pipeline 11, the water outlet of the second water pressurizing tank 19 is communicated with the reservoir 3 through a second lifting pipeline 20, the second lifting pipeline 20 is provided with an eleventh valve 2001, the second water pressurizing tank 19 is provided with a second pressure relief pipeline 1901, the second pressure relief pipeline 1901 is provided with a twelfth valve 1902, the first gas supply pipeline 10 is communicated with a third gas supply pipeline 21, the third gas supply pipeline 21 is communicated with the air inlet of the second water pressurizing tank 19, and the third gas supply pipeline 21 is provided with a thirteenth valve 2101; the height difference between the upper reservoir 1 and the water-gas co-containment tank 4 is marked as H, the height difference between the first water pressurizing tank 6 and the second water pressurizing tank 19 is marked as H1, and the height difference between the second water pressurizing tank 19 and the reservoir 3 is marked as H2, so that H is greater than H1 and H2; when the site height difference of the reservoir 3 is greater than H, the first water pressurizing tank 6 cannot directly transport water to the reservoir 3 through the first lifting pipeline 11, at this time, the second water pressurizing tank 19 is added in the middle section of the first lifting pipeline 11, the water in the first water pressurizing tank 6 is first pressed into the second water pressurizing tank 19 by compressed air, and then the water in the second water pressurizing tank 19 is pressed into the reservoir 3, so that the water storage energy can be pumped to a higher position, for example, when the height difference between the upper reservoir 1 and the water-gas co-containment tank 4 is 130m, the height difference between the upper reservoir 1 and the second water pressurizing tank 19 and the height difference between the second water pressurizing tank 19 and the reservoir 3 are all less than 130m, so that the water can be pumped to the reservoir 3, in order to enable the reservoir 3 to store larger potential energy, the height difference between the upper reservoir 1 and the reservoir 3 is preferably set to be between 200m and 255m; when the water in the first water pressurizing tank 6 is pressed into the second water pressurizing tank 19, the twelfth valve 1902 is opened and the thirteenth valve 2101 is closed, after the second water pressurizing tank 19 is filled with water, the eleventh valve 2001 and the thirteenth valve 2101 are opened, and the twelfth valve 1902 and the fifth valve 1101 are closed, so that the water is pumped through two-stage linkage, the water in the upper reservoir 1 can be pumped to a higher position to obtain higher potential energy, and when the subsequent reservoir 3 discharges energy, the water in the lower reservoir 2 can be pressed back to the upper reservoir 1.

[0027] In the preferred embodiment, liquid level switches 18 are arranged on the water-gas coexistence tank 4, the first water pressurizing tank 6 and the second water pressurizing tank 19. The liquid level switch 18 arranged on the first water pressurizing tank 6 is linked with the third valve 901, the fourth valve 1001, the fifth valve 1101 and the tenth valve 602. The liquid level switch 18 arranged on the water-gas coexistence tank 4 is linked with the first valve 701, the second valve 801, the sixth valve 1201, the eighth valve 1501 and the ninth valve 1701. The liquid level switch 18 arranged on the second water pressurizing tank 19 is linked with the eleventh valve 2001, the twelfth valve 1902 and the thirteenth valve 2101. The liquid levels in the water-gas coexistence tank 4, the first water pressurizing tank 6 and the second water pressurizing tank 19 are detected by the liquid level switches 18 respectively. The liquid level signals are fed back to a controller (not shown in the figure). The controller sends control signals to control the action timing of the valves.

[0028] In the specific example, the first valve 701, the second valve 801, the third valve 901, the fourth valve 1001, the fifth valve 1101, the sixth valve 1201, the seventh valve 1301, the eighth valve 1501, the tenth valve 602, the eleventh valve 2001, the twelfth valve 1902 and the thirteenth valve 2101 are any one of a stop valve, a gate valve, a ball valve and a butterfly valve. The ninth valve 1701 is a pressure regulating valve. The driving modes of the first valve 701, the second valve 801, the third valve 901, the fourth valve 1001, the fifth valve 1101, the sixth valve 1201, the seventh valve 1301, the eighth valve 1501, the ninth valve 1701, the tenth valve 602, the eleventh valve 2001, the twelfth valve 1902 and the thirteenth valve 2101 are any one of electric drive, pneumatic drive and hydraulic drive.

[0029] The above is further detailed description of the utility model in combination with specific / preferred embodiments, which cannot be deemed as limiting the specific implementation of the utility model to these descriptions. For ordinary skilled in the art to which the utility model belongs, without departing from the concept of the utility model, they can make several substitutions or variations to the described embodiments, and these substitution or variation manners shall be deemed as belonging to the protection scope of the utility model. In the description of the specification, the description of the reference terms "an embodiment", "some embodiments", "preferred embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment or example are contained in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In the specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In the case of not mutually contradictory, the skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of different embodiments or examples. Although the embodiments of the utility model and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and modifications can be made in this paper without departing from the protection scope of the patent application.

Claims

1. An energy storage system for pumping water using compressed air, characterized by: The device comprises an upper reservoir, a lower reservoir, a water storage reservoir, a water-gas co-container, a gas storage tank and a first water pressurizing tank, the water-gas co-container is arranged below the water surface of the lower reservoir, the upper reservoir is communicated with the water-gas co-container through a water pipeline, a first valve is arranged on the water pipeline, a gas outlet of the water-gas co-container is communicated with a gas inlet of the gas storage tank through a gas storage pipeline, a second valve is arranged on the gas storage pipeline, a water inlet of the first water pressurizing tank is communicated with the upper reservoir through a water inlet pipeline, a third valve is arranged on the water inlet pipeline, a gas outlet of the gas storage tank is communicated with a gas inlet of the first water pressurizing tank through a first gas supply pipeline, a fourth valve is arranged on the first gas supply pipeline, a water outlet of the first water pressurizing tank is communicated with the water storage reservoir through a first lifting pipeline, a fifth valve is arranged on the first lifting pipeline, the water-gas co-container and / or the water pipeline is provided with a water inlet and outlet pipeline communicated with the lower reservoir, a sixth valve is arranged on the water inlet and outlet pipeline, a gas supplement pipeline is communicated with the water-gas co-container, and a seventh valve is arranged on the gas supplement pipeline.

2. The compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: An air valve is arranged on the water pipeline.

3. The compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: The water storage reservoir is communicated with the water pipeline or the water-gas co-container through a water outlet pipeline, and an eighth valve is arranged on the water outlet pipeline.

4. The compressed air energy storage system of claim 3, wherein: A pressure detection device is arranged on the water-gas co-container, a second gas supply pipeline is communicated with the first gas supply pipeline, the second gas supply pipeline is communicated with the pressure detection device, and a ninth valve is arranged on the second gas supply pipeline.

5. The compressed air energy storage system of claim 4, wherein: A first pressure relief pipeline is arranged on the first water pressurizing tank, and a tenth valve is arranged on the first pressure relief pipeline.

6. The compressed air energy storage system of claim 5, wherein: A second water pressurizing tank is further arranged, a water inlet of the second water pressurizing tank is communicated with the first lifting pipeline, a water outlet of the second water pressurizing tank is communicated with the water storage reservoir through a second lifting pipeline, an eleventh valve is arranged on the second lifting pipeline, a second pressure relief pipeline is arranged on the second water pressurizing tank, a twelfth valve is arranged on the second pressure relief pipeline, a third gas supply pipeline is communicated with the first gas supply pipeline, the third gas supply pipeline is communicated with a gas inlet of the second water pressurizing tank, and a thirteenth valve is arranged on the third gas supply pipeline.

7. The compressed air energy storage system of claim 6, wherein: A height difference between the upper reservoir and the water-gas co-container is marked as H, a height difference between the first water pressurizing tank and the second water pressurizing tank is marked as H1, and a height difference between the second water pressurizing tank and the water storage reservoir is marked as H2, wherein H is greater than H1 and H2.

8. The compressed air energy storage system of claim 7, wherein: Liquid level switches are arranged on the water-gas co-container, the first water pressurizing tank and the second water pressurizing tank, the liquid level switch arranged on the first water pressurizing tank is linked with the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve and the tenth valve, the liquid level switch arranged on the water-gas co-container is linked with the first valve, the second valve, the sixth valve, the eighth valve and the ninth valve, and the liquid level switch arranged on the second water pressurizing tank is linked with the eleventh valve, the twelfth valve and the thirteenth valve.

9. The compressed air energy storage system of claim 8, wherein: The first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve, the sixth valve, the seventh valve, the eighth valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve, the twelfth valve and the thirteenth valve adopt any one of a stop valve, a gate valve, a ball valve and a butterfly valve, and the ninth valve adopts a pressure regulating valve.

10. The compressed air energy storage system of claim 9, wherein: The driving mode of the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve, the sixth valve, the seventh valve, the eighth valve, the ninth valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve, the twelfth valve and the thirteenth valve adopts any one of electric drive, pneumatic drive and hydraulic drive.

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