Combined type lead screw nut transmission structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to a combined type lead screw nut transmission structure which comprises a sliding block, a guide rod connected with the sliding block in a sliding mode and a lead screw connected with the sliding block in a threaded mode, the sliding block comprises a shell made of alloy materials and an embedded body made of engineering plastics, and a plurality of through holes and connecting grooves are formed in the shell. The embedded body is of an integrated structure and embedded into the through hole and the connecting groove, and the embedded body is provided with a guide hole in sliding connection fit with the guide rod, a nut hole in threaded connection fit with the lead screw and a mounting hole used for being connected with a target driving piece. According to the sliding block, the composite structure of the shell made of the alloy material and the embedded body made of the engineering plastic is adopted, and the alloy shell has high strength and rigidity and can provide good support and protection for the sliding block; the engineering plastic embedded body has the advantages of wear resistance, light weight, small friction coefficient and the like, the wear resistance can be improved, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical transmission, and more specifically, to a composite screw and nut transmission structure. Background Technology

[0002] In mechanical transmission systems, the lead screw and nut drive structure is a common method for converting rotary motion into linear motion, widely used in various automated equipment, CNC machine tools, and other fields. In related technologies, the slider in the lead screw and nut drive structure is typically made of a single material, such as an all-metal slider or an all-plastic slider. All-metal sliders suffer from insufficient wear resistance, easily leading to noise and shortened lifespan. All-plastic sliders, due to shrinkage during injection molding, have difficulty controlling thread precision, and the material strength is relatively poor. Furthermore, with the continuous improvement of industrial automation, higher demands are placed on the precision, stability, lightweight design, and cost of transmission structures, making it difficult for existing single-material sliders to meet these diverse needs. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a composite screw and nut transmission structure with higher wear resistance and strength.

[0004] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A composite lead screw and nut transmission structure includes a slider, a guide rod slidably connected to the slider, and a lead screw threadedly connected to the slider. The slider includes a shell made of alloy material and an insert made of engineering plastic. The shell has several through holes and connecting grooves. The insert is an integral structure and fits into the through holes and connecting grooves. The insert has a guide hole that slidably connects with the guide rod, a nut hole that threadedly connects with the lead screw, and a mounting hole for connecting a target driving component.

[0006] In the above technical solution, the slider adopts a composite structure of an outer shell made of alloy material and an insert made of engineering plastic. The alloy shell has high strength and rigidity, which can provide good support and protection for the slider and ensure that the slider is not easily deformed when subjected to large loads. The engineering plastic insert has the advantages of light weight, low coefficient of friction and good self-lubrication, which can reduce the overall weight of the slider, improve wear resistance and extend service life.

[0007] In addition, the insert is made of engineering plastic, so the slider can be directly embedded into the housing from the through hole and connecting groove during molding. This integrated design can ensure the relative positional accuracy of the guide hole and the screw nut hole, reduce the transmission error caused by part processing error and assembly error, and thus improve the transmission accuracy of the screw nut transmission structure.

[0008] Optionally, in a possible implementation, the alloy material is an aluminum alloy.

[0009] In the technical solution, the aluminum alloy has a small density, and can greatly reduce the weight of the sliding block shell under the condition of ensuring a certain strength. The aluminum alloy has excellent cutting processing performance and plasticity, and can be conveniently stretched or extruded to form various complex shapes and sizes of through holes and connecting grooves, so as to ensure the processing precision and surface quality.

[0010] Optionally, in a possible implementation, the engineering plastic is a composite material of PPS and PTFE.

[0011] In the technical solution, PPS itself has high hardness and wear resistance, and PTFE has a very low friction coefficient. After the two are combined, PPS provides the composite material with good structural strength and wear-resistant framework, and PTFE forms a lubricating film on the surface to further reduce the friction between the guide rod and the screw rod. This synergistic effect enables the sliding block to effectively resist wear during long-term high-speed reciprocating motion, greatly prolonging the service life of the sliding block.

[0012] Optionally, in a possible implementation, the through hole includes a first fixed hole matched with the guide hole, a second fixed hole matched with the screw hole, and a third fixed hole matched with the mounting hole, the second fixed hole is parallel to the first fixed hole, and the third fixed hole is perpendicular to the first fixed hole.

[0013] In the technical solution, the second fixed hole is arranged to be parallel to the first fixed hole, so that the axial thrust generated by the screw rod on the sliding block and the support force of the guide rod on the sliding block are coordinated with each other. During transmission, when the screw rod rotates to drive the sliding block to move linearly along the guide rod, the parallel layout can better disperse and balance the force acting on the sliding block, reducing the vibration and deviation of the sliding block during movement due to uneven force. Secondly, the third fixed hole is perpendicular to the first fixed hole, and this perpendicular layout provides a good positioning reference for the installation of the sliding block and the target driving member, avoiding transmission errors caused by installation deviation.

[0014] Optionally, in a possible implementation, the connecting groove is two, and the two connecting grooves are arranged on opposite sides of the shell and used to connect the first fixed hole and the second fixed hole.

[0015] In the technical solution, the design of the connecting groove greatly enhances the connection strength between the shell and the embedded body, and connects the guide hole and the screw hole region in the molded embedded member, so that the sliding block shell and the embedded body form a more stable whole, preventing relative displacement or loosening between the embedded body and the shell, thereby ensuring the structural stability and reliability of the sliding block under complex stress conditions.

[0016] Optionally, in a possible implementation, one end of the third fixing hole extends to the surface of the shell, and the two connecting grooves are communicated with the third fixing hole through a connecting hole.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the third fixing hole is the position of the mounting hole, which can greatly facilitate the installation of the slider and the target driving member; secondly, the connecting hole communicates the connecting groove with the third fixing hole, forming an interrelated structure system, so that the embedded part can form a whole during injection molding, which is convenient for molding and improves the structural strength.

[0018] Optionally, in a possible implementation, the third fixing hole is a stepped hole.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the design of the stepped hole makes the embedded part form a stepped structure at the mounting hole position during molding, which can further improve the connection stability of the embedded part and the shell, and when the slider bears external force, the stepped hole can disperse stress to different stepped surfaces. Compared with ordinary straight holes, the stress distribution of the stepped hole is more uniform, avoiding material fatigue and damage caused by local stress concentration.

[0020] Optionally, in a possible implementation, the first fixing hole is two spaced apart, and the second fixing hole is located between the two first fixing holes.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the second fixing hole is arranged between the two spaced apart first fixing holes, which can form a more balanced mechanical structure, so that the force point distribution is more reasonable, which can effectively balance the force on the slider, reduce the deflection and vibration of the slider during movement, and improve the straightness and stability of the slider movement, thereby ensuring the transmission accuracy.

[0022] Optionally, in a possible implementation, the wall thickness of the embedded body is 1.0-1.5mm.

[0023] In the above technical solution, since the materials used for the shell and the embedded body are different, and the embedded body will shrink after injection cooling, the wall thickness of the embedded body is controlled in the range of about 1.0mm, which can effectively reduce the shrinkage of the embedded body, avoid excessive deformation between the shell and the embedded body, and help to control the deformation within a reasonable range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some of the embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0025] Fig. 1 The overall structure of an embodiment is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0026] Fig. 2 The overall structure of a slider of an embodiment is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0027] Fig. 3 The exploded view of a slider of an embodiment is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0028] Reference signs: 1 - slider; 11 - housing; 111 - first fixing hole; 112 - second fixing hole; 113 - third fixing hole; 114 - connecting groove; 115 - connecting hole; 12 - insert; 121 - guide hole; 122 - nut hole; 123 - mounting hole; 2 - guide rod; 3 - screw rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in the following with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0030] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] Reference should be made to Figs. 1-3The embodiment provides a composite screw 3 nut transmission structure, which comprises a sliding block 1, a guide rod 2 slidably connected with the sliding block 1 and a screw 3 threadedly connected with the sliding block 1, the sliding block 1 comprises an outer shell 11 made of an alloy material and an embedded body made of an engineering plastic, the outer shell 11 is provided with a plurality of through holes and a connecting groove 114, the embedded body is an integral structure and is embedded in the through holes and the connecting groove 114, the embedded body is respectively provided with a guide hole 121 slidably connected with the guide rod 2, a screw nut hole 122 threadedly connected with the screw 3 and a mounting hole 123 used for connecting a target driving part. When the sliding block 1 is formed, the outer shell 11 can be formed by stretching the alloy and extrusion, then the formed outer shell 11 is placed in a mold, the embedded body 12 is directly formed in the outer shell 11 by injecting the engineering material, and the guide hole 121, the screw nut hole 122 and the mounting hole 123 are formed at one time, so that the assembly tolerance can be effectively eliminated.

[0032] The sliding block 1 adopts the composite structure of the outer shell 11 made of the alloy material and the embedded body made of the engineering plastic, the alloy outer shell 11 has high strength and rigidity, can provide good support and protection for the sliding block 1 and ensure that the sliding block 1 is not easy to deform when bearing a large load, the engineering plastic embedded body has the advantages of light weight, small friction coefficient and good self-lubricating property, can reduce the overall weight of the sliding block 1, improve wear resistance and prolong service life.

[0033] In addition, the embedded body is made of the engineering plastic, so that the sliding block 1 can be directly embedded in the outer shell 11 from the through holes and the connecting groove 114 by injection molding when the sliding block 1 is formed, the integrated design can ensure the relative position accuracy of the guide hole 121 and the screw nut hole 122, reduce the transmission error caused by part machining error and assembly error and thus improve the transmission accuracy of the screw 3 nut transmission structure.

[0034] It should be noted that the alloy material is aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy has small density and can greatly reduce the weight of the outer shell 11 of the sliding block 1 under the condition of ensuring certain strength, and has excellent cutting machining performance and plasticity, facilitating stretching or extrusion forming, being capable of conveniently machining various complex through holes and connecting grooves 114 of various shapes and sizes, and ensuring machining precision and surface quality.

[0035] In addition, the engineering plastic is a composite material of PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) and PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene). PPS itself has high hardness and wear resistance, PTFE has extremely low friction coefficient, after the two are compounded, PPS provides the composite material with good structural strength and wear-resistant framework, and PTFE forms a lubricating film on the surface, further reducing the friction between the guide rod 2 and the screw 3. The synergistic effect enables the embedded body of the sliding block 1 to effectively resist wear during long-term high-speed reciprocating motion, greatly prolonging the service life of the sliding block 1.

[0036] Specifically, by using the PPS and PTFE composite material, the service life of the sliding block 1 can be improved to 100,000 cycles, the yield strength of the aluminum alloy material is about 300 MPa, the yield strength of the PPS material is about 100 MPa, the overall strength is improved by 3 times compared with the all-metal sliding block 1, and the thread diameter tolerance in the screw nut hole 122 can be controlled within ±0.03 mm.

[0037] In the present embodiment, the through hole includes a first fixing hole 111 matched with the guide hole 121, a second fixing hole 112 matched with the screw nut hole 122, and a third fixing hole 113 matched with the mounting hole 123, the second fixing hole 112 is parallel to the first fixing hole 111, and the third fixing hole 113 is perpendicular to the first fixing hole 111. Specifically, the embedded part 12 is coaxial when the guide hole 121 is formed, the screw nut hole 122 is coaxial with the second fixing hole 112, and the mounting hole 123 is coaxial with the third fixing hole 113.

[0038] The second fixing hole 112 is arranged parallel to the first fixing hole 111, so that the axial thrust of the lead screw 3 on the sliding block 1 and the supporting force of the guide rod 2 on the sliding block 1 are coordinated with each other. During transmission, when the lead screw 3 rotates to drive the sliding block 1 to move linearly along the guide rod 2, the parallel layout can better disperse and balance the force on the sliding block 1, reducing the vibration and deviation of the sliding block 1 during movement due to uneven force. Secondly, the third fixing hole 113 is perpendicular to the first fixing hole 111, and this perpendicular layout provides a good positioning reference for the installation of the sliding block 1 and the target driving part, avoiding transmission errors caused by installation deviation.

[0039] The connecting groove 114 of the present embodiment is provided on the opposite sides of the shell 11, and the two connecting grooves 114 are used to connect the first fixing hole 111 and the second fixing hole 112. The connecting groove 114 is a square groove or a circular groove, and the two connecting grooves 114 are arranged at the two ends of the first fixing hole 111 in the axial direction, and the connecting groove 114 is directly provided on the two end faces of the shell 11, facilitating machining.

[0040] The design of the connecting groove 114 greatly enhances the connection strength between the shell 11 and the embedded body, and connects the guide hole 121 and the screw nut hole 122 regions in the formed embedded part 12, so that the shell 11 and the embedded body of the sliding block 1 form a more stable whole, preventing relative displacement or loosening between the embedded body and the shell 11, thereby ensuring the structural stability and reliability of the sliding block 1 under complex stress conditions.

[0041] In the embodiment, one end of the third fixing hole 113 extends to the surface of the shell 11, and the two connecting grooves 114 are both communicated with the third fixing hole 113 through a connecting hole 115. One end of the connecting hole 115 is located at the groove bottom of the connecting groove 114, and the other end extends to the side wall of the third fixing hole 113, which can be directly drilled on the connecting groove 114 by a drill bit, and the processing is simple and convenient.

[0042] The third fixing hole 113 is located at the position of the mounting hole 123, which can provide great convenience for the installation of the slider 1 and the target driving member. In addition, the connecting hole 115 communicates the connecting groove 114 with the third fixing hole 113, forming a mutually related structural system, so that the embedded part 12 can form a whole during injection molding, that is, the first fixing hole 111, the second fixing hole 112, the third fixing hole 113, the connecting groove 114 and the connecting hole 115 are in a communicating structure, which is convenient for molding and improves the structural strength.

[0043] In addition, the third fixing hole 113 is a stepped hole. The design of the stepped hole makes the embedded part 12 form a stepped structure at the position of the mounting hole 123 during molding, which can further improve the connection stability of the embedded part 12 and the shell 11, and when the slider 1 bears external force, the stepped hole can disperse stress to different stepped surfaces. Compared with ordinary straight holes, the stress distribution of the stepped hole is more uniform, avoiding material fatigue and damage caused by local stress concentration.

[0044] It should be noted that the first fixing hole 111 is two spaced apart, and the second fixing hole 112 is located between the two first fixing holes 111. At this time, the connecting groove 114 is a segmented structure which connects the two first fixing holes 111 and the second fixing hole 112.

[0045] In the embodiment, the second fixing hole 112 is arranged between the two spaced apart first fixing holes 111, which can form a more balanced mechanical structure, so that the force point distribution is more reasonable, which can effectively balance the force borne by the slider 1, reduce the deflection and vibration of the slider 1 in the movement process, and improve the straightness and stability of the slider 1 movement, thereby ensuring the transmission accuracy.

[0046] It should be noted that the wall thickness of the embedded body of the embodiment is 1.0-1.5mm. Since the materials used by the shell 11 and the embedded body are different, and the embedded body will shrink after injection molding, the wall thickness of the embedded body is controlled within the range of about 1.0mm, which can effectively reduce the shrinkage of the embedded body, avoid excessive deformation between the shell 11 and the embedded body, and help to control the deformation within a reasonable range.

[0047] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model.

[0048] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more than two, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0049] Although the embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the utility model, and the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A composite screw-nut transmission structure, comprising a slider, a guide rod slidably connected to the slider, and a screw threadedly connected to the slider, characterized in that, The slider includes a shell made of alloy material and an insert made of engineering plastic. The shell has several through holes and connecting grooves. The insert is an integral structure and fits into the through holes and connecting grooves. The insert is provided with a guide hole for sliding connection with the guide rod, a nut hole for threaded connection with the lead screw, and a mounting hole for connecting the target drive component.

2. The composite screw and nut transmission structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alloy material is an aluminum alloy.

3. The composite screw and nut transmission structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The engineering plastic is a composite material of PPS and PTFE.

4. The composite screw and nut transmission structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through hole includes a first fixing hole that matches the guide hole, a second fixing hole that matches the nut hole, and a third fixing hole that matches the mounting hole. The second fixing hole is parallel to the first fixing hole, and the third fixing hole is perpendicular to the first fixing hole.

5. The composite screw and nut transmission structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting grooves are two located on opposite sides of the outer casing, and the two connecting grooves are used to connect the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole.

6. The composite screw and nut transmission structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, One end of the third fixing hole extends to the surface of the outer shell, and both of the connecting slots are connected to the third fixing hole through a connecting hole.

7. The composite screw and nut transmission structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The third fixing hole is a stepped hole.

8. The composite screw and nut transmission structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first fixing hole is two holes spaced apart, and the second fixing hole is located between the two first fixing holes.

9. The composite screw and nut transmission structure according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The wall thickness of the insert is 1.0-1.5 mm.

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