Key chain forming machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a key chain forming machine which comprises a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism, a workbench, an o-shaped chain forming mechanism, a first turnover mechanism and a second turnover mechanism, the first conveying mechanism is used for conveying key rings, the second conveying mechanism is used for conveying lobster buckles, the o-shaped chain forming mechanism is used for forming o-shaped chains, and the second turnover mechanism is used for turning over the o-shaped chains. The first turnover mechanism is used for grabbing an o-shaped chain formed by the o-shaped chain forming mechanism and conveying the o-shaped chain to the position below the second turnover mechanism, the second turnover mechanism is used for grabbing the o-shaped chain on the first turnover mechanism, the second turnover mechanism drives the o-shaped chain to rotate, then a key ring conveyed by the first conveying mechanism is hooked firstly, and then the o-shaped chain is conveyed to the position below the second turnover mechanism. And then the lobster buckle conveyed by the second conveying mechanism is hooked. According to the automatic forming equipment, o-shaped chains, key rings and lobster clasps are formed, so that the problem of tedious manual forming in the prior art is solved, and the production efficiency of enterprises is greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to key fob technical field, concretely is a key fob forming machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The composition of key fob includes three parts of o chain, key ring and lobster clasp, the existing key fob often adopts the mode of artificial forming, first o chain is hooked to key ring through artificial, then o chain is hooked to lobster clasp, finally key ring is extruded manually to make its opening close, thereby forming key fob, and the mode is low in manual operation efficiency, greatly reduces the production efficiency of enterprise. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0003] The utility model aims at solving above-mentioned technical problem, thereby provides a kind of key fob forming machine;

[0004] To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the utility model provides following technical scheme:

[0005] The utility model provides a kind of key fob forming machine,

[0006] First conveying mechanism, second conveying mechanism, workbench, o chain forming mechanism, first turnover mechanism, second turnover mechanism are included, the first conveying mechanism with the second conveying mechanism are all arranged in the one side of the workbench, the o chain forming mechanism, first turnover mechanism, second turnover mechanism are all arranged on the workbench, the first conveying mechanism is used to convey key ring, the second conveying mechanism is used to convey lobster clasp, the o chain forming mechanism is used to shape o chain, the first turnover mechanism is used to grasp the o chain shaped by the o chain forming mechanism and is conveyed to the below of the second turnover mechanism, the second turnover mechanism is used to grasp the o chain on the first turnover mechanism, the second turnover mechanism drives o chain to rotate, in turn, first hook the key ring conveyed by the first conveying mechanism, then hook lobster clasp conveyed by the second conveying mechanism.

[0007] Optionally, the o-shaped chain forming mechanism comprises a spiral forming machine, a cutting mechanism, and a rotating mechanism. The spiral forming machine comprises a rotating shaft, a gear, a rack, a motor, a forming plate, and a forming wheel. The rotating shaft is provided with the gear. The gear is provided with the rack below. The rack is connected with the gear by means of teeth. The motor is used to drive the rack to move left and right, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The rotating shaft is used to convey the iron wire. The forming plate is arranged on one side of the output end of the rotating shaft. The forming wheel is arranged on the forming plate. The forming wheel is used to form the straight steel wire into an o-shaped ring. The cutting mechanism is used to cut the o-shaped ring. The rotating mechanism is used to grab the cut o-shaped ring and rotate. The opening direction of the o-shaped ring is towards the output end of the rotating shaft. The forming wheel is used to form a plurality of groups of o-shaped rings in sequence. The cutting mechanism cuts the plurality of groups of o-shaped rings in sequence. The rotating mechanism grabs the plurality of groups of o-shaped rings one by one, thereby forming an o-shaped chain. When the rotating mechanism grabs the next group of o-shaped rings, the opening of the o-shaped ring on the rotating mechanism faces the next group of o-shaped rings. During the grabbing process, the opening of the o-shaped ring on the rotating mechanism is sleeved on the side wall of the next group of o-shaped rings. After the grabbing is completed, the rotating mechanism rotates again, thereby making the opening direction of the o-shaped ring after the second grabbing face the output end of the rotating shaft. The above process is repeated in sequence, thereby forming the o-shaped chain.

[0008] Optionally, the cutting mechanism comprises a cutting knife, a fixed block, and a gas cylinder. The fixed block is arranged on the workbench. The gas cylinder is arranged on the side wall of the fixed block. The output shaft of the gas cylinder penetrates the side wall of the fixed block and is connected with the cutting knife. The gas cylinder is used to drive the cutting knife to stretch and retract, thereby cutting the single group of o-shaped rings formed by the forming wheel.

[0009] Optionally, the first turnover mechanism comprises a first turnover motor, a first rotating gear, a second rotating gear, a turnover rod, a first clamping cylinder, and a first clamping arm. The first turnover motor is arranged on the workbench. The first rotating gear is arranged on the output shaft of the first turnover motor. The turnover rod is arranged on the workbench through a fixed seat. The turnover rod is rotatably arranged on the fixed seat. The second rotating gear is arranged at one end of the turnover rod. The first rotating gear is in gear connection with the second rotating gear. The other end of the turnover rod is provided with the first clamping cylinder. The first clamping arm is arranged on the output shaft of the first clamping cylinder. The first clamping cylinder is used to drive the first clamping arm to open and close. The output shaft of the first turnover motor is rotated to drive the first rotating gear to rotate, thereby driving the second rotating gear and the turnover rod to rotate, thereby driving the first clamping cylinder and the first clamping arm to rotate until the o-shaped chain is close to the o-shaped chain. The first clamping cylinder controls the first clamping arm to clamp the o-shaped chain. After clamping is completed, the first turnover motor is reversed to drive the turnover rod and the first clamping cylinder and the first clamping arm to reset.

[0010] Optionally, the second turnover mechanism comprises a support frame, a second turnover motor, a rotating rod, a second clamping cylinder, and a second clamping arm. The support frame is arranged on the workbench. The second turnover motor is arranged on the support frame. One end of the rotating rod is connected with the output shaft of the second turnover motor. The second clamping cylinder is arranged at the other end of the rotating rod. The second clamping arm is arranged on the output shaft of the second clamping cylinder. The second clamping cylinder is used to drive the second clamping arm to open and close. The output shaft of the second turnover motor drives the rotating rod to rotate, thereby driving the second clamping cylinder and the second clamping arm to rotate. The second clamping cylinder controls the second clamping arm to clamp and grasp the o-shaped chain on the first turnover mechanism. The second turnover mechanism drives the o-shaped chain to rotate, thereby hooking the key ring conveyed by the first conveying mechanism and the lobster clasp conveyed by the second conveying mechanism.

[0011] Optionally, the upper portion of the support frame is provided with a clamping mechanism. The clamping mechanism is used to clamp the key ring on the second turnover mechanism. The clamping mechanism comprises a fixed frame, a clamping cylinder, and a clamping arm. The fixed frame is arranged on the support frame. The clamping cylinder is arranged on the fixed frame. The clamping arm is connected with the output shaft of the clamping cylinder. The clamping cylinder is used to drive the clamping arm to open and close. The clamping arm is used to clamp the key ring, so that the opening of the key ring is closed.

[0012] Optionally, the workbench is provided with a blanking mechanism. The blanking mechanism is arranged directly below the second turnover mechanism.

[0013] Optionally, a bearing is arranged on the fixing seat, and the bearing is used for rotation of the turnover rod.

[0014] The utility model discloses beneficial effects

[0015] The utility model discloses a key ring forming machine, which comprises a workbench, a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism, an o-shaped chain forming mechanism, a first turnover mechanism, a second turnover mechanism, a spiral forming machine, a cutting mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a rotating shaft, a gear, a rack, a cutting knife, a fixed block, a cylinder, a first turnover motor, a first rotating gear, a second rotating gear, a turnover rod, a first clamping cylinder, a first clamping arm, a fixing seat, a support frame, a rotating rod, a second clamping cylinder, a second clamping arm, a fixed frame, a clamping cylinder and a clamping arm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Fig. 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0017] Fig. 2 It is a local enlarged view of the o-shaped chain forming mechanism and the first turnover mechanism of the utility model.

[0018] Fig. 3 It is a local enlarged view of the second turnover mechanism of the utility model.

[0019] The utility model discloses a key ring forming machine, which comprises a workbench, a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism, an o-shaped chain forming mechanism, a first turnover mechanism, a second turnover mechanism, a spiral forming machine, a cutting mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a rotating shaft, a gear, a rack, a cutting knife, a fixed block, a cylinder, a first turnover motor, a first rotating gear, a second rotating gear, a turnover rod, a first clamping cylinder, a first clamping arm, a fixing seat, a support frame, a rotating rod, a second clamping cylinder, a second clamping arm, a fixed frame, a clamping cylinder and a clamping arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The embodiments of the utility model will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all the other embodiments obtained by the ordinary skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the range of protection of the utility model.

[0021] EMBODIMENT

[0022] As Figs. 1-3 The utility model discloses a key ring forming machine,

[0023] The first conveying mechanism 2, the second conveying mechanism 3, the workbench 1, the o-shaped chain forming mechanism 4, the first turnover mechanism 5, and the second turnover mechanism 6 are arranged on one side of the workbench 1, the o-shaped chain forming mechanism 4, the first turnover mechanism 5, and the second turnover mechanism 6 are arranged on the workbench 1, the first conveying mechanism 2 is used for conveying key rings, the second conveying mechanism 3 is used for conveying lobster buckles, the o-shaped chain forming mechanism 4 is used for forming o-shaped chains, the first turnover mechanism 5 is used for grabbing the o-shaped chain formed by the o-shaped chain forming mechanism 4 and conveying the o-shaped chain to the lower side of the second turnover mechanism 6, the second turnover mechanism 6 is used for grabbing the o-shaped chain on the first turnover mechanism 5, the second turnover mechanism 6 drives the o-shaped chain to rotate, thereby hooking the key ring conveyed by the first conveying mechanism 2 first, and then hooking the lobster buckle conveyed by the second conveying mechanism 3,

[0024] The o-shaped chain forming mechanism 4 comprises a spiral forming machine 7, a cutting mechanism 8, and a rotating mechanism 9, the spiral forming machine 7 comprises a rotating shaft 10, a gear 11, a rack 12, a motor, a forming plate, and a forming wheel, the rotating shaft 10 is provided with the gear 11, the gear 11 is provided with the rack 12 below, the rack 12 is connected with the gear 11 in a toothed manner, the motor is used for driving the rack 12 to move left and right, thereby driving the rotating shaft 10 to rotate, the rotating shaft 10 is used for conveying iron wire, the forming plate is arranged on one side of the output end of the rotating shaft 10, the forming wheel is arranged on the forming plate, and the forming wheel is used for forming straight steel wire into a ring-shaped o-shaped ring,

[0025] It should be noted that the rotating shaft 10 cooperates with the forming wheel to form straight steel wire into a ring-shaped o-shaped ring, which is a prior structure and is common in life, such as the forming of a spiral spring, therefore, in the embodiment, the forming wheel is not described in detail, and the structure of the forming wheel is not drawn in the embodiment and is not described in detail;

[0026] The cutting mechanism 8 is used to cut the ring-shaped o-shaped ring, the rotating mechanism 9 is used to grab and rotate the cut ring-shaped o-shaped ring, the opening direction of the ring-shaped o-shaped ring is towards the output end of the rotating shaft 10, the forming wheel is used to sequentially form a plurality of groups of ring-shaped o-shaped rings, the cutting mechanism 8 sequentially cuts a plurality of groups of ring-shaped o-shaped rings, the rotating mechanism 9 sequentially grabs a plurality of groups of ring-shaped o-shaped rings to form an o-shaped chain, when the next group of ring-shaped o-shaped rings is grabbed, the opening of the ring-shaped o-shaped ring on the rotating mechanism 9 is towards the next group of ring-shaped o-shaped rings, the opening of the ring-shaped o-shaped ring on the rotating mechanism 9 is sleeved on the side wall of the next group of ring-shaped o-shaped rings during the grabbing process, and after the grabbing is completed, the rotating mechanism 9 rotates again, so that the opening direction of the twice-grabbed ring-shaped o-shaped ring is towards the output end of the rotating shaft 10, and the above process is sequentially repeated to form the o-shaped chain;

[0027] The cutting mechanism 8 comprises a cutting knife 13, a fixed block 14 and a gas cylinder 15, the fixed block 14 is arranged on the workbench 1, the gas cylinder 15 is arranged on the side wall of the fixed block 14, the output shaft of the gas cylinder 15 penetrates the side wall of the fixed block 14 and is connected with the cutting knife 13, and the gas cylinder 15 is used to drive the extension and retraction of the cutting knife 13, so as to cut a single group of ring-shaped o-shaped rings formed by the forming wheel;

[0028] The first overturning mechanism 5 comprises a first overturning motor 16, a first rotating gear 17, a second rotating gear 18, an overturning rod 19, a first clamping gas cylinder 20 and a first clamping arm 21, the first overturning motor 16 is arranged on the workbench 1, the first rotating gear 17 is arranged on the output shaft of the first overturning motor 16, the overturning rod 19 is arranged on the workbench 1 through a fixed seat, the overturning rod 19 is rotatably arranged on the fixed seat 22, the second rotating gear 18 is arranged at one end of the overturning rod 19, the first rotating gear 17 is connected with the second rotating gear 18 in a toothed manner, the other end of the overturning rod 19 is provided with the first clamping gas cylinder 20, the first clamping arm 21 is arranged on the output shaft of the first clamping gas cylinder 20, the first clamping gas cylinder 20 is used to drive the opening and closing of the first clamping arm 21, the output shaft of the first overturning motor 16 drives the rotation of the first rotating gear 17, and then drives the rotation of the second rotating gear 18 and the overturning rod 19, and then drives the rotation of the first clamping gas cylinder 20 and the first clamping arm 21 until the first clamping gas cylinder 20 and the first clamping arm 21 are close to the o-shaped chain, the first clamping gas cylinder 20 controls the first clamping arm 21 to clamp the o-shaped chain, and after the clamping is completed, the first overturning motor 16 reverses to drive the overturning rod 19 and the first clamping gas cylinder 20 and the first clamping arm 21 to reset;

[0029] The second overturning mechanism 6 comprises a support frame 23, a second overturning motor, a rotating rod 24, a second clamping cylinder 25 and a second clamping arm 26, the support frame 23 is arranged on the workbench 1, the second overturning motor is arranged on the support frame 23, one end of the rotating rod 24 is connected with an output shaft of the second overturning motor, the second clamping cylinder 25 is arranged on the other end of the rotating rod 24, the second clamping arm 26 is arranged on an output shaft of the second clamping cylinder 25, the second clamping cylinder 25 is used for driving the second clamping arm 26 to open and close, the output shaft of the second overturning motor drives the rotating rod 24 to rotate, thereby driving the second clamping cylinder 25 and the second clamping arm 26 to rotate, the second clamping cylinder 25 controls the second clamping arm 26 to first clench and grab the o-shaped chain on the first overturning mechanism 5, the second overturning mechanism 6 drives the o-shaped chain to rotate, thereby first hooking the key ring conveyed by the first conveying mechanism 2 and then hooking the lobster clasp conveyed by the second conveying mechanism 3;

[0030] In the use process of the utility model, first, the port of the iron wire is inserted into the rotating shaft 10, the motor switch is opened, the motor drives the rack 12 to move left and right, thereby driving the rotating shaft 10 to rotate, the rotating shaft 10 is used for conveying the iron wire, the iron wire is conveyed to the forming wheel through the rotating shaft 10, the forming wheel shapes the straight steel wire into annular o-shaped rings, the forming wheel is used for sequentially shaping several groups of annular o-shaped rings, the cutting mechanism 8 sequentially cuts several groups of annular o-shaped rings one by one, the rotating mechanism 9 sequentially clutches several groups of annular o-shaped rings one by one, thereby forming the o-shaped chain, when the rotating mechanism 9 clutches the next group of annular o-shaped rings, the opening of the annular o-shaped ring on the rotating mechanism 9 faces the next group of annular o-shaped rings, in the clutching process, the opening of the annular o-shaped ring on the rotating mechanism 9 is sleeved on the side wall of the next group of annular o-shaped rings, after the clutching is completed, the rotating mechanism 9 rotates again, thereby making the opening direction of the second clutched annular o-shaped ring face the output end of the rotating shaft 10, by analogy, thereby forming the o-shaped chain, the output shaft of the first overturning motor 16 rotates positively, thereby driving the first rotating gear 17 to rotate, further driving the second rotating gear 18 and the overturning rod 19 to rotate, further driving the first clamping cylinder 20 and the first clamping arm 21 to rotate until being close to the o-shaped chain, the first clamping cylinder 20 controls the first clamping arm 21 to clench the o-shaped chain, after the clenching is completed, the first overturning motor 16 reverses, thereby driving the overturning rod 19, the first clamping cylinder 20 and the first clamping arm 21 to reset, the output shaft of the second overturning motor drives the rotating rod 24 to rotate, thereby driving the second clamping cylinder 25 and the second clamping arm 26 to rotate, the second clamping cylinder 25 controls the second clamping arm 26 to first clench and grab the o-shaped chain on the first overturning mechanism 5, the second overturning mechanism 6 drives the o-shaped chain to rotate, thereby first hooking the key ring conveyed by the first conveying mechanism 2 and then hooking the lobster clasp conveyed by the second conveying mechanism 3, thereby shaping the key clasp;

[0031] The utility model discloses a key ring automatic forming equipment, which comprises a support frame, a first rotating mechanism, a second rotating mechanism, a third rotating mechanism and a fourth rotating mechanism.

[0032] The upper portion of the support frame 23 is provided with a clamping mechanism, which is used for clamping the key ring on the second rotating mechanism 6, and comprises a fixing frame 27, a clamping cylinder 28 and a clamping arm 29.

[0033] The workbench 1 is provided with a blanking mechanism 30, which is arranged directly below the second rotating mechanism 6, so as to facilitate the conveying of the key ring.

[0034] The fixing seat 22 is provided with a bearing, which is used for the rotation of the rotating rod 19.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that: the above only for the preferred embodiments of the utility model, and not for limiting the utility model, although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for the person skilled in the art, it still can modify the technical scheme recorded in the foregoing each embodiment, or equivalent replacement to part of technical features, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement etc. that is made within the spirit and principles of the utility model, should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A key ring forming machine, characterized in that, comprising a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism, a workbench, an o-shaped chain forming mechanism, a first turnover mechanism, a second turnover mechanism, the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism are arranged on one side of the workbench, the o-shaped chain forming mechanism, the first turnover mechanism and the second turnover mechanism are arranged on the workbench, the first conveying mechanism is used to convey key rings, the second conveying mechanism is used to convey lobster buckles, the o-shaped chain forming mechanism is used to form o-shaped chains, the first turnover mechanism is used to grab the o-shaped chain formed by the o-shaped chain forming mechanism and convey it below the second turnover mechanism, the second turnover mechanism is used to grab the o-shaped chain on the first turnover mechanism, the second turnover mechanism drives the o-shaped chain to rotate, thereby hooking the key ring conveyed by the first conveying mechanism first, and then hooking the lobster buckle conveyed by the second conveying mechanism.

2. The key ring forming machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the o-shaped chain forming mechanism comprises a spiral forming machine, a cutting mechanism and a rotating mechanism, the spiral forming machine comprises a rotating shaft, a gear, a rack, a motor, a forming plate and a forming wheel, the rotating shaft is provided with the gear, the gear is provided below the rack, the rack is connected with the gear by teeth, the motor is used to drive the rack to move left and right, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft is used to convey iron wire, the forming plate is arranged on one side of the output end of the rotating shaft, the forming wheel is arranged on the forming plate, the forming wheel is used to form straight steel wire into annular o-shaped rings, the cutting mechanism is used to cut the annular o-shaped rings, the rotating mechanism is used to grab the cut annular o-shaped rings and rotate, the opening direction of the annular o-shaped rings is towards the output end of the rotating shaft, the forming wheel is used to form a plurality of groups of annular o-shaped rings in sequence, the cutting mechanism cuts a plurality of groups of annular o-shaped rings in sequence, the rotating mechanism grabs a plurality of groups of annular o-shaped rings one by one to form o-shaped chains, when the rotating mechanism grabs the next group of annular o-shaped rings, the opening of the annular o-shaped rings on the rotating mechanism faces the next group of annular o-shaped rings, during the grabbing process, the opening of the annular o-shaped rings on the rotating mechanism is sleeved on the side wall of the next group of annular o-shaped rings, after the grabbing is completed, the rotating mechanism rotates again, thereby making the opening direction of the twice-grabbed annular o-shaped rings face the output end of the rotating shaft, and the same is repeated to form the o-shaped chains.

3. The key ring forming machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, the cutting mechanism comprises a cutting knife, a fixed block and a gas cylinder, the fixed block is arranged on the workbench, the gas cylinder is arranged on the side wall of the fixed block, the output shaft of the gas cylinder penetrates the side wall of the fixed block and is connected with the cutting knife, the gas cylinder is used to drive the cutting knife to stretch and retract, thereby cutting a single group of annular o-shaped rings formed by the forming wheel.

4. The key ring forming machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first turnover mechanism comprises a first turnover motor, a first rotating gear, a second rotating gear, a turnover rod, a first clamping cylinder and a first clamping arm. The first turnover motor is arranged on the workbench. The first rotating gear is arranged on the output shaft of the first turnover motor. The turnover rod is arranged on the workbench through a fixed seat. The turnover rod is rotatably arranged on the fixed seat. The second rotating gear is arranged at one end of the turnover rod. The first rotating gear is in gear connection with the second rotating gear. The other end of the turnover rod is provided with the first clamping cylinder. The first clamping arm is arranged on the output shaft of the first clamping cylinder. The first clamping cylinder is used to drive the opening and closing of the first clamping arm. The output shaft of the first turnover motor is rotated to drive the rotation of the first rotating gear, and then the rotation of the second rotating gear and the turnover rod, and then the rotation of the first clamping cylinder and the first clamping arm until the o-shaped chain is close to the o-shaped chain. The first clamping cylinder controls the first clamping arm to clamp the o-shaped chain. After clamping is completed, the first turnover motor is reversed to drive the turnover rod and the first clamping cylinder and the first clamping arm to reset.

5. The key ring forming machine according to claim 4, wherein The second turnover mechanism comprises a support frame, a second turnover motor, a rotating rod, a second clamping cylinder and a second clamping arm. The support frame is arranged on the workbench. The second turnover motor is arranged on the support frame. One end of the rotating rod is connected with the output shaft of the second turnover motor. The second clamping cylinder is arranged at the other end of the rotating rod. The second clamping arm is arranged on the output shaft of the second clamping cylinder. The second clamping cylinder is used to drive the opening and closing of the second clamping arm. The output shaft of the second turnover motor drives the rotation of the rotating rod, and then the rotation of the second clamping cylinder and the second clamping arm. The second clamping cylinder controls the second clamping arm to clamp the o-shaped chain on the first turnover mechanism.

6. The key ring forming machine according to claim 5, wherein A clamping mechanism is arranged above the support frame. The clamping mechanism is used to clamp the key ring on the second turnover mechanism. The clamping mechanism comprises a fixed frame, a clamping cylinder and a clamping arm. The fixed frame is arranged on the support frame. The clamping cylinder is arranged on the fixed frame. The clamping arm is connected with the output shaft of the clamping cylinder. The clamping cylinder is used to drive the opening and closing of the clamping arm. The clamping arm is used to clamp the key ring, so that the opening of the key ring is closed.

7. The key ring forming machine according to claim 1, wherein A blanking mechanism is arranged on the workbench, and the blanking mechanism is arranged directly below the second turnover mechanism.

8. The key ring forming machine according to claim 4, wherein A bearing is arranged on the fixed seat, and the bearing is used for the rotation of the turnover rod.

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