Water level regulation and control experimental device
By designing a water level control experimental device consisting of a planting box, a water storage tank, a liquid level sensor, and a control unit, the problem of low efficiency in traditional devices was solved. This device enables automated control and real-time monitoring of the water level, improves the efficiency of experimental data acquisition, and provides a reliable tool for plant physiological and ecological research.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- YAJIANG QINGNENG ECOLOGICAL & ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION (CHENGDU) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional water level control experimental devices are inefficient, have large errors, and are difficult to replicate. They cannot achieve automatic control and real-time monitoring of water level conditions, and therefore cannot meet the needs of plant physiological and ecological research.
An experimental device for water level control was designed, comprising a planting box, a water storage tank, a liquid level sensor, and a control unit. The device utilizes a liquid level sensor and a peristaltic pump to achieve automated water level control. Combining PID and Kalman filtering algorithms, it achieves precise water level control through an electric flow proportional valve. It is equipped with a temperature sensor and a supplementary light to simulate natural light conditions.
It has enabled automated control and real-time monitoring of water level conditions, improved the efficiency of experimental data acquisition, and provided reliable tools to support plant physiological and ecological research.
Smart Images
Figure CN224109807U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water level regulation and control, in particular to a water level regulation and control experimental device. BACKGROUND
[0002] Water level change is one of the most critical environmental factors in wetland ecosystems, which has a profound impact on the growth, reproduction, community structure and ecological function of wetland plants. Water level change reshapes the structure and function of wetland ecosystems through multi-dimensional ecological processes, and reasonable regulation of hydrological rhythm is the key to maintaining the ecological balance of wetlands. Water level change reshapes the wetland plant community through direct stress (oxygen deficiency, drought) and indirect regulation (species competition, nutrient cycling). Under the double pressure of human activities and climate change, understanding the water level-plant interaction mechanism and developing dynamic adaptive management strategies are the key to maintaining the ecological function and biodiversity of wetland plants.
[0003] Periodic flooding, gradient water level change, extreme flood events and other water level changes will affect wetland plants. The study of plant flooding adaptability requires accurate simulation of different water level conditions. For example, periodic water level fluctuation can maintain the diversity and stability of herbaceous plant communities; water level reduction may lead to the transition of hygrophytes to terrestrial vegetation, while long-term high water level inhibits the growth of some plants, ultimately changing the overall structure and function of the wetland ecosystem; seasonal water level change significantly changes the content of soil organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon, and affects microbial biomass and hydrolytic enzyme activity. Therefore, a suitable water level regulation and control experimental device is necessary for the study of wetland ecosystems.
[0004] Traditional manual water level regulation and control experimental devices are simple in structure and are all manually operated, which has the problems of low efficiency, large error and difficulty in repetition. Therefore, a new type of water level regulation and control experimental device is needed to realize the control and real-time monitoring of water level conditions and provide a reliable tool for plant physiological and ecological research. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0005] The utility model aims at providing a water level regulation and control experimental device to solve the problems existing in the prior art, realize the automatic control and real-time monitoring of water level conditions, and provide a reliable tool for plant physiological and ecological research.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following scheme:
[0007] The utility model provides a kind of water level regulation and control experimental device, including planting box, water storage tank, liquid level sensor and control unit, the bottom of the planting box is planted with plant, drainage pump and liquid level sensor are provided in the planting box, the drainage pump is communicated with the water storage tank by drain pipe, water inlet pump is provided in the water storage tank, the water storage tank is used to accommodate water source, the water inlet pump is communicated with the planting box by water inlet pipe, the liquid level sensor, the drainage pump and the water inlet pump are all connected with the control unit communication.
[0008] Preferably, the top of the planting box is evenly distributed with several light supplement lamps, the light supplement lamp is full-spectrum plant light supplement lamp, the light supplement lamp is connected with a timing switch communication, the light supplement lamp is connected with a light intensity control module communication, the light intensity control module and the timing switch are connected with the control unit communication.
[0009] Preferably, the planting box is detachably provided with several culture pots, the culture pot is used for planting the plant.
[0010] Preferably, the culture pot is provided with a planting substrate layer, and the plant is planted on the planting substrate layer.
[0011] Preferably, the top of the planting box is evenly distributed with several light supplement lamps, the light supplement lamp is full-spectrum plant light supplement lamp, the light supplement lamp is connected with a timing switch communication, the light supplement lamp is connected with a light intensity control module communication, the light intensity control module and the timing switch are connected with the control unit communication.
[0012] Preferably, the material of the culture pot is transparent material and includes acrylic, tempered glass or glass, and the culture pot is clamped to the bottom of the planting box; the thickness of the culture pot is 5mm.
[0013] Preferably, the end of the water inlet pipe is located in the culture pot, the upper surface of the planting substrate layer in the planting box is 0 water level line, and the height of the planting box above the culture pot is at least 20cm.
[0014] Preferably, a temperature sensor is arranged in the planting box, the temperature sensor is located at the upper port of the culture pot, and the temperature sensor is connected with the control unit in communication.
[0015] Preferably, the drainage pump and the water inlet pump are both peristaltic pumps, an electric flow proportional valve is arranged on the drain pipe and the water inlet pipe respectively, and the electric flow proportional valve is connected with the control unit in communication.
[0016] Preferably, the volume of the water storage tank is not less than 100L, and water level scale lines are arranged on the planting box and the water storage tank, and the accuracy of the water level scale line is 1mm.
[0017] Preferably, the material of the planting box and the water storage box is transparent and includes acrylic, tempered glass or glass.
[0018] The utility model discloses relative to prior art has obtained following technical effect:
[0019] The liquid level sensor in the liquid level regulation and control experiment device can display the water level in the planting box in real time, the planting box is communicated with the water storage box through the water pump, and the control unit can regulate and control the water level in the planting box in real time according to the indication of the liquid level sensor, so that the quantization and automatic control of the flooding condition are ensured, manual monitoring is not needed, and a reliable tool is provided for plant physiological ecology research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model or prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.
[0021] Fig. 1 It is the structure schematic view of the water level regulation and control experiment device in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0022] Fig. 2 It is the structure schematic view of the control unit in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0023] In the drawing, 1 is a planting box, 2 is a water storage box, 3 is a liquid level sensor, 4 is a planting substrate layer, 5 is a wire, 6 is a drainage pump, 7 is a drain pipe, 8 is a water inlet pump, 9 is a water inlet pipe, 10 is a culture pot, 11 is a temperature sensor, 12 is a light supplement lamp, 13 is a timing switch, 14 is a water level scale line, 15 is an electric flow proportional valve, and 16 is a control unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model, and obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the utility model.
[0025] It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front," "rear," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are merely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0026] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0027] The purpose of this invention is to provide a water level control experimental device to solve the problems existing in the prior art, so as to realize the automatic control and real-time monitoring of water level conditions, and provide a reliable tool for plant physiological and ecological research.
[0028] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0029] Example 1
[0030] like Figs. 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides a water level control experimental device, including a planting box 1, a water storage tank 2, a liquid level sensor 3, and a control unit 16. Plants are planted at the bottom of the planting box 1. A drainage pump 6 and a liquid level sensor 3 are installed inside the planting box 1. The drainage pump 6 is connected to the water storage tank 2 via a drainage pipe 7. An inlet pump 8 is installed inside the water storage tank 2, which is used to hold water. The inlet pump 8 is connected to the planting box 1 via an inlet pipe 9. The liquid level sensor 3, the drainage pump 6, and the inlet pump 8 are all communicatively connected to the control unit 16 via wires 5. Preferably, the liquid level sensor 3 is a high-precision capacitive liquid level sensor, which can display the water level depth in the planting box 1 in real time (error ±1mm), ensuring that flooding conditions can be quantified.
[0031] As an optional solution, the top of the planting box 1 in the embodiment is uniformly distributed with a plurality of light supplement lamps 12, the light supplement lamps 12 are full-spectrum plant light supplement lamps, the light supplement lamps 12 are in communication connection with a timing switch 13, the light supplement lamps 12 are in communication connection with a light intensity control module through the wires 5, and the timing switch 13 and the light intensity control module are in communication connection with the control unit 16 through the wires 5. In the embodiment, the aluminum alloy support carries the multi-spectrum plant light supplement lamp 12 (containing red light wave band 660 nm, blue light wave band 450 nm, far red light wave band 730 nm and the like), the timing switch 13 and the light intensity control module (in the embodiment, the light intensity control module is integrated on the timing switch 13) reproduce the light characteristics of natural habitats such as wetlands and paddy fields. The light supplement mainly simulates the daytime sunshine time period, can supplement light in the daytime in the laboratory, can adopt full-spectrum LED chips, matches the fluorescent powder coating to expand the spectral range, simulates the natural spectrum or targetedly enhances the specific wavelength through the accurate different wave band light quality ratio, optimizes the plant photosynthesis, realizes that the spectrum can be formulated, and can adapt to the needs of different plant species and growth stages.
[0032] As an optional solution, a plurality of culture pots 10 are detachably arranged in the planting box 1 in the embodiment, and the culture pots 10 are used for planting plants. The inside of the planting box 1 is detachably nested with a plastic culture box, the culture box is provided with a planting substrate layer 4 (filled with soil or water culture nutrient solution), which is convenient for non-destructive observation of root morphology changes (such as root length and root hair density) and rapid replacement of experimental samples, and also facilitates measurement of experimental data. The culture pot 10 can be a culture pot with a bottom. When it is necessary to detect the growth of the plant, the culture box can be directly taken out for measurement of experimental data of the plant. The culture pot 10 can also be a culture pot without a bottom, that is, a divided planting area composed of a plurality of partitions. During the experiment, the plant data need not be detected. When it is necessary to observe the growth of the plant, such a planting mode can be adopted.
[0033] As an optional solution, the planting substrate layer 4 is arranged in the culture pot 10 in the embodiment, and the plant is planted on the planting substrate layer 4. Through the edges of the transparent planting box 1 and the culture pot 10, the plant root morphology changes can be observed in situ and non-destructively. In the embodiment, the culture box is preferably provided with in-situ soil, nutrient solution and plants in a natural wetland ecosystem. The planting substrate layer 4 can also include an inorganic substrate layer and an organic substrate layer. The inorganic substrate can include vermiculite, perlite, rock wool, sand, polyurethane and the like. The organic substrate can include peat, rice husk charcoal, tree bark, nutrient soil, decomposed humus, leaf rot soil, rotten wood and the like, which has good air permeability and can provide nutrition.
[0034] As an option, the material of the culture pot 10 in the embodiment is transparent material including acrylic, tempered glass or glass, which is convenient to observe the physiological condition of the plant in the waterlogging experiment, and the culture pot 10 is clamped to the bottom of the planting box 1; the thickness of the culture pot 10 is 5 mm.
[0035] As an option, the end of the water inlet pipe 9 in the embodiment is located in the culture pot 10, the upper surface of the planting substrate structure layer 4 in the planting box 1 is the 0 water level line, and the height of the planting box 1 above the culture pot 10 is at least 20 cm, which is convenient for the waterlogging experiment.
[0036] As an option, the planting box 1 in the embodiment is provided with a temperature sensor 11, the temperature sensor 11 is located at the upper end of the culture pot 10, the temperature sensor 11 is in communication connection with the control unit 16 through the wire 5, the water temperature of the plant growth environment can be monitored in real time, and the water temperature in the water storage tank 2 is changed as a variable experimental parameter, so as to change the water temperature in the planting box 1.
[0037] As an option, the water inlet pump 8 and the water outlet pump 6 in the embodiment are peristaltic pumps, and an electric flow proportional valve 15 is arranged on the water inlet pipe 9 and the water outlet pipe 7 respectively, the electric flow proportional valve 15 is in communication connection with the control unit 16 through the wire 5, and the water inlet amount and the water outlet amount can be controlled. In the embodiment, the peristaltic pump is a micro peristaltic pump, which has low flow rate and anti-disturbance, and is combined with the electric flow proportional valve 15, so that the rate of water inlet and water outlet can be dynamically adjusted by the data fed back by the liquid level sensor 3 through the PID algorithm, the water level can be accurately raised and lowered according to the preset value, and the control unit 16 is preferably provided with a user interaction interface and a function partition. The flow control range of the electric flow proportional valve 15 is 0-10 L / min, which is controlled to be opened through a signal, so as to realize accurate water injection and water outlet, and the end of the water outlet pipe 7 is preferably located in the culture pot 10, so as to ensure that there is no residual water in the low water level.
[0038] As an option, the volume of the water storage tank 2 in the embodiment is not less than 100 L, and the water level scale line 14 is arranged on the planting box 1 and the water storage tank 2, the accuracy of the water level scale line 14 is 1 mm, and the water level scale line 14 is preferably a transparent bottom PVC material with adhesion, which can be directly bonded on the planting box 1 and the water storage tank 2.
[0039] As an option, the material of the planting box 1 and the water storage tank 2 in the embodiment is transparent material including acrylic, tempered glass or glass, and high-transmittance acrylic plate is preferred. In the embodiment, the planting box 1 is preferably made of 5 mm thick high-transmittance acrylic plate, and the light transmittance is greater than or equal to 92%, which is convenient for real-time monitoring and multi-angle observation of the morphological changes of the plant root system and stem base, such as aerial root formation and epidermal cell swelling, so as to observe the individual morphology and index of the plant and retain the photo information.
[0040] The embodiment can realize automatic regulation of water level by setting the amplitude and duration of water level change in the study of regular water level change process (such as tidal fluctuation, reservoir water level fluctuation) or single water level change process (such as reservoir water level rise, reservoir water level drop, short-time water level change, etc.). Compared with the traditional manual regulation method, the efficiency of experimental data acquisition is improved by 80%, and a standardized research platform is provided for revealing the plant-hydrological coupling mechanism.
[0041] Embodiment two
[0042] The control unit 16 in the embodiment is a self-adaptive PID controller, which can dynamically adjust the proportional (P), integral (I) and differential (D) coefficients according to the water level deviation (set value-measured value). The anti-interference strategy adds Kalman filter algorithm to suppress sensor noise. The user sets the water level change curve (such as from 0 cm to 100 cm from 8:00 to 20:00, and from 20:00 to 8:00 the next day to 5 cm). The controller discretizes the curve into time-water level instruction sequence (1 min interval), and the PID algorithm calculates the valve opening degree. The electric valve adjusts the opening degree, and the sensor checks the water level. When the difference is greater than 2 cm, the water pump / emagnetic valve emergency intervention is started.
[0043] The water level regulation experiment device in the embodiment can realize the setting of the period and duration of intermittent flooding (such as flooding for 2 hours and draining for 6 hours), simulate tides or seasonal floods, and also simulate regular flooding, set the water level to change alternately in day and night, such as the water level rising from 0 cm to 50 cm within 5 minutes during the day (8:00-20:00) and maintaining for 12 hours, and similarly, the water level falling from 50 cm to 0 cm within 5 minutes during the night (20:00-8:00 the next day) and maintaining for 12 hours. It can also simulate extreme flooding conditions, such as rapid water level rise (rising to 100 cm within 30 minutes, and flooding for 10 days) to test the plant's anti-flooding time threshold. The self-adaptive PID controller can set the water level rise start time, and the water level can rise to 100 cm within 30 minutes and maintain the flooding state.
[0044] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "certain embodiments", "illustrative embodiment", "the embodiment", "specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.
[0045] The principle and implementation mode of the utility model are described by applying specific examples, and the above embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and core idea of the utility model; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, the specific implementation mode and application range will be changed according to the idea of the utility model. In conclusion, the content of the specification should not be understood as the limitation of the utility model.
Claims
1. A water level regulating experimental device, characterized in that: Including planting box, water storage tank, liquid level sensor and control unit, the bottom of the planting box is planted with plants, the planting box is provided with a drainage pump and a liquid level sensor, the drainage pump is communicated with the water storage tank through a drain pipe, the water storage tank is provided with a water inlet pump, the water storage tank is used for containing water source, the water inlet pump is communicated with the planting box through a water inlet pipe, the liquid level sensor, the drainage pump and the water inlet pump are communicated with the control unit.
2. The water level regulating experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the planting box is uniformly distributed with a plurality of light supplement lamps, the light supplement lamp is a full spectrum plant light supplement lamp, the light supplement lamp is communicated with a timing switch, the light supplement lamp is communicated with a light intensity control module, the light intensity control module and the timing switch are communicated with the control unit.
3. The water level regulating experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting box is detachably provided with a plurality of culture pots, the culture pot is used for planting the plants.
4. The water level regulating experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The culture pot is provided with a planting substrate layer, and the plants are planted on the planting substrate layer.
5. The water level regulating experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material of the culture pot is transparent material and includes acrylic, tempered glass or glass, and the culture pot is clamped on the bottom of the planting box; the thickness of the culture pot is 5mm.
6. The water level regulating experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the water inlet pipe is located in the culture pot, the upper surface of the planting substrate layer in the planting box is 0 water level line, and the height of the planting box above the culture pot is at least 20cm.
7. The water level regulating experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is arranged in the planting box, the temperature sensor is located at the upper end of the culture pot, and the temperature sensor is communicated with the control unit.
8. The water level regulating experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pump and the water inlet pump are peristaltic pumps, an electric flow proportional valve is arranged on the drain pipe and the water inlet pipe respectively, and the electric flow proportional valve is communicated with the control unit.
9. The water level regulating experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the water storage tank is not less than 100L, and water level scale lines are arranged on the planting box and the water storage tank, and the accuracy of the water level scale lines is 1mm.
10. The water level regulating experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the planting box and the water storage tank is transparent material and includes acrylic, tempered glass or glass.