Exhaust light guide device

Abstract

The utility model provides an exhaust light guide device which comprises an exhaust assembly, a light guide assembly, a solar photovoltaic panel, an electric exhauster or a lighting lamp and the like, the exhaust assembly comprises an air guide exhaust cover and a ventilation light guide pipe, and the light guide assembly comprises a lighting protective cover and a ventilation light guide pipe. The air guide exhaust hood and the ventilation light guide pipe have a flow guide effect on incoming flow and generate negative pressure exhaust at the exhaust port; when sunlight, wind or no wind exists, the lighting protective cover and the ventilation light guide pipe can guide external light into a room, and meanwhile the solar photovoltaic panel generates electricity and drives the electric exhaust fan to exhaust air or supply energy to the illuminating lamp through the control circuit. The device can utilize natural wind power, solar energy and indoor hot air buoyancy to exhaust or illuminate, airflow does not flow backwards, and the device is simple in structure, high in wind resistance, low in cost, long in service life, low in noise and high in exhaust efficiency. The device is used for places where structures need exhausting, lighting or ventilation and heat dissipation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the fields of aerodynamics, thermal and solar energy utilization, and in particular to an exhaust and light guiding device that utilizes natural wind energy, solar energy and hot air inside a structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the depletion of fossil fuels and their environmental pollution, people are paying more and more attention to the use of renewable energy. Wind energy, solar energy, and other renewable energy sources are being used in many areas, including ventilation and lighting.

[0003] Currently, several common exhaust devices that utilize natural wind and solar energy include: (1) "Spherical non-powered fan". This exhaust device uses natural wind to drive the fan wheel to rotate, generating centrifugal force. Combined with the buoyancy of the hot air in the building space, it exhausts indoor polluted air. Its advantages are: firstly, it has an aesthetically pleasing design; secondly, it automatically adapts to horizontal winds. Its disadvantages are: firstly, the continuously rotating bearings are easily damaged and generate significant noise; secondly, the exhaust volume is relatively low; thirdly, the manufacturing process is relatively complex and the material usage is relatively high; fourthly, it is prone to backflow; and fifthly, it does not have the function of utilizing solar energy for exhaust and lighting. (2) Venturi tube exhaust device. This device uses the low-pressure zone generated when natural wind passes through the nozzle or Laval nozzle to draw in indoor polluted air. Its advantages are: firstly, it has a simple structure and simple manufacturing process; and secondly, it has a low cost. Its disadvantages are that it generally requires the installation of a wind direction tracking device and does not have the function of utilizing solar energy for exhaust and lighting. (3) Airfoil exhaust device, such as the exhaust device of the inventor's patent number 201010594258.0, has the following advantages: firstly, the structure is relatively simple; secondly, it does not require high-speed rotation and basically does not require maintenance. Its disadvantage is that it requires the installation of a wind direction tracking device and does not have the function of using solar energy for exhaust and lighting. (4) Wind-gathering suction exhaust device, such as the orderly flow generating device of the inventor's patent number 201010241209.9, has the function of air exchange. Its advantages are: firstly, the structure is relatively simple and does not require a wind-fighting device; secondly, it has no rotating parts and does not require maintenance. Its disadvantage is that the exhaust volume is small, the process is relatively complex, the amount of material used is large, and it does not have the function of using solar energy for exhaust and lighting. (5) Straight pipe + protective cover type: This is the most traditional exhaust device. Its advantage is that the structure is very simple. Its disadvantages are: firstly, backflow will occur when the incoming wind cut-in direction or installation direction is not appropriate; secondly, the exhaust efficiency is low and it does not have the function of using solar energy for exhaust and lighting. (6) Cylindrical hood: It has achieved national standardization, but its structure is complex, requires a drip-collecting device, and does not have the function of using solar energy for exhaust and lighting. (7) Umbrella hood: It has achieved national standardization and has a simple structure, but because the bottom outer edge of the umbrella-shaped protective cover needs to leave a large flow space between it and the air outlet of the ventilation tube, it has poor rain, snow, insect, and bird protection effects; backflow will occur when the incoming wind direction or installation direction is not appropriate, and it does not have the function of using solar energy for exhaust and lighting. (8) Conical hood: It has achieved national standardization, but its insect, bird, and debris protection effects are poor, it requires a drip-collecting device, and it does not have the function of using solar energy for exhaust and lighting. (9) Louver type: Advantages: No rotating parts, long service life, but it is prone to backflow, has poor ventilation effect, and does not have the function of using solar energy for exhaust and lighting. (10) Louvered + windproof fence type: The advantage is that there are no rotating parts, but this product is easy for debris to enter, has a large volume, uses a lot of materials, has a high cost, and does not have the function of using solar energy for ventilation and lighting.(11) Downward exhaust with streamlined fairing: The advantage is that it can effectively utilize external air and indoor thermal pressure exhaust, and can effectively prevent backflow, rain and snow, etc., but it does not have the function of using solar energy for exhaust and lighting. For example, the inventor's application No. 202120414621.X "An Exhaust Device". (12) Electric fan: There are currently many types of electric fans, which are driven by solar photovoltaic or combined with grid power, but they cannot effectively utilize external wind energy. For example, patent application No. 202222151671.0 "A Roof Fan", patent application No. 202111583949.5 "A Solar Roof Fan and Its Operation Control Method", patent application No. 202122250966.9 "An Energy-Saving and Environmentally Friendly Roof Fan", etc. (13) A wind-solar hybrid power wind cap, patent application No. 202320892251.X, entitled "A Solar-Wind Powered Wind Cap", includes a chimney stacked on the outer surface of a roof panel, a flange provided at the chimney's exhaust port, and a wind cap body fixedly connected to the top of the flange. A compensation drive unit is provided on the outer surface of the roof panel above the chimney. The compensation drive unit includes a support assembly, a fixed frame, a motor fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the fixed frame and connected to the central axis of the wind cap body via a shaft, a wind speed sensor, and an energy harvesting structure provided on the support assembly. The support assembly consists of a set of fixed legs fixedly connected to the outer surface of the roof panel and a bracket fixedly connected to the top of the set of fixed legs. This patented technology can realize the combination of wind energy and solar energy, increase the rotation time of the wind cap body, and improve its working stability. However, the device has a complex structure, large size, and occupies a large space. The bracket will cause disturbance and resistance to the external wind, and it does not have a lighting function. For example, the ventilation and light guiding channels of the "A Ventilation and Lighting Device" application number CN202022288310.1 filed by the inventor are independent of each other. The light guiding channel is closed and will not generate dust pollution, but its structure is slightly complicated and the manufacturing cost is high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this utility model is to find a new type of exhaust and light guiding device that can utilize natural wind power, solar energy and indoor and outdoor heat pressure, has a simple structure, lower cost, large and stable exhaust volume, strong wind resistance, rain and snow protection, and no backflow.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives and solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] An exhaust and light guiding device includes an exhaust assembly and a light guiding assembly, characterized in that: the exhaust assembly includes an exhaust hood and a light guiding tube; the exhaust hood is a cylindrical body with a large opening at the top and a small opening at the bottom; the light guiding tube is a tube with an upper port and a lower port, which can both allow air to pass through and reflect light; the outer edge dimension of the upper part of the light guiding tube is smaller than the inner edge dimension of the lower port of the exhaust hood; the upper port of the light guiding tube is inserted into the lower port of the exhaust hood; a support is provided between the outer wall surface of the light guiding tube and the corresponding inner wall surface of the exhaust hood; an exhaust gap is left between the two walls; the lower port of the light guiding tube is an air inlet and a light outlet; the gap between the lower port of the exhaust hood and the upper end of the light guiding tube is an exhaust port; the light guiding assembly includes a light-collecting protective cover and a light guiding tube; the light-collecting protective cover is a transparent shell that can both collect and concentrate light and protect against rain, snow, and debris; the light-collecting protective cover is located on the upper part of the exhaust hood. The light-transmitting protective cover includes a parabolic light-concentrating cover, a hemispherical light-concentrating cover, or a diamond-shaped light-concentrating cover, etc.

[0007] The aforementioned exhaust and light guiding device has a cylindrical body with a large upper opening and a small lower opening, which is a truncated conical shell, a truncated pyramidal polyhedral shell, a truncated parabolic shell, or a truncated spherical shell. The truncated conical shell is the structure between two parallel surfaces after a conical cylinder is cut by two parallel planes. The truncated pyramidal polyhedral shell is the structure between two parallel surfaces after a pyramidal cylinder is cut by two parallel planes. The truncated parabolic shell is the structure between two parallel surfaces after a parabolic cylinder is cut by two parallel planes. The truncated spherical shell is the structure between two parallel surfaces after a spherical cylinder is cut by two parallel planes.

[0008] One possible technical solution for the aforementioned exhaust light guiding device is to provide a lens between the inner cavity of the light-collecting protective cover and the upper port of the ventilation light guiding pipe, with a ventilation gap between the lens and the upper port of the ventilation light guiding pipe. The lens includes various focusing lenses such as Fresnel lenses and convex lenses, and the focal point of the lens should be a certain distance away from each component.

[0009] One possible technical solution for the aforementioned exhaust light guide device is to provide an air jet ring on the support body between the outer wall of the ventilation light guide tube and the inner wall of the corresponding air guide exhaust hood, or on the outer wall of the ventilation light guide tube or on the inner wall of the air guide exhaust hood. The cross-section of the air jet ring is a hollow airfoil with an air gap at the tail, or an annular tube with an air nozzle mounted on it. The air jet direction of the air gap or air nozzle at the tail of the hollow airfoil faces the exhaust port direction. The air jet ring or annular tube is connected to the exhaust port of a gas compressor located inside or outside the structure through an air pipe. The gas compressor is connected to a solar photovoltaic power generation module or the power grid through a control circuit. The air jet ring is an air amplifier that can drive the indoor gas to flow outward, increasing the exhaust volume.

[0010] One possible technical solution for the above-mentioned exhaust light guide device is that the lower end of the exhaust light guide tube is an outwardly expanding tube body, and a ring light is installed on the inner surface of the outwardly expanding tube body. The ring light is connected to the solar photovoltaic power generation module or the power grid through a control circuit.

[0011] One possible technical solution for the aforementioned exhaust light guiding device is that the solar photovoltaic power generation component is located on the outer wall of the ventilation light guiding pipe, the outer wall of the air guide exhaust hood, or outside the structure.

[0012] One of the above-mentioned exhaust light guiding devices is that an exhaust control valve is provided in the lower part of the ventilation light guiding tube, and the valve plate of the exhaust control valve is a transparent plate or a non-transparent plate.

[0013] One possible technical solution for the aforementioned exhaust and light guiding device is to provide an air jet ring or annular pipe at the upper part of the light-transmitting protective cover, with air jet nozzles evenly distributed on the annular pipe. The air jet ring or annular pipe is connected to the exhaust port of a gas compressor via a gas circulation timer switch. The high-pressure gas ejected from the air jet ring or air jet nozzles can periodically remove dust from the light-transmitting protective cover.

[0014] One possible technical solution for the above-mentioned exhaust light guide device is that a slow emitter is installed at the lower port of the exhaust light guide tube via a connector, and an air intake gap is left between the lower port of the exhaust light guide tube and the slow emitter.

[0015] One possible technical solution for the aforementioned exhaust light guide device is to coat the inner wall of the exhaust light guide tube with a transparent self-cleaning layer or to provide an air jet ring or annular tube with air jet nozzles evenly distributed on the annular tube. The air jet ring or annular tube is connected to the exhaust port of a gas compressor via a gas circulation timer switch. The transparent self-cleaning layer can prevent dust from adhering to the reflective layer, and the gas ejected from the air jet ring or air jet nozzles can periodically remove dust from the light-transmitting protective cover.

[0016] One possible technical solution for the aforementioned exhaust light guide device is that the upper port of the exhaust light guide tube is an outwardly expanding opening. A water spray ring or annular tube is provided on the inner wall of the outwardly expanding opening, and water spray nozzles are evenly distributed on the annular tube. The water spray ring or annular tube is connected to a water source via a liquid circulation timer switch. The water mist sprayed from the water spray ring or nozzles can periodically remove dust from the inner wall surface of the exhaust light guide tube.

[0017] One possible technical solution for the aforementioned exhaust and light guiding device is to provide a water spray ring or annular pipe at the upper part of the light-transmitting protective cover, with water spray nozzles evenly distributed on the annular pipe. The water spray ring or annular pipe is connected to a water source via a liquid circulation timer switch. The water mist sprayed from the water spray ring or nozzles can periodically remove dust from the light-transmitting protective cover.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned exhaust and light guiding device include: (1) In terms of energy utilization, it can realize the complementary exhaust and lighting of wind, light and grid power. When there is wind, or thermal pressure difference, and no sunlight, the wind cap can exhaust; when there is sunlight, or when there is a storage battery, the electric exhaust fan can exhaust or provide lighting; when there is no wind, no sunlight, no thermal pressure difference, and no storage battery, it can be powered by the grid for exhaust and lighting. (2) In terms of structural characteristics, it has the ability to prevent rain and snow, prevent backflow, and resist strong winds. (3) In terms of performance, the test results show that: ① Compared with the “spherical non-powered wind cap” on the market, this device, with the same air inlet pipe diameter of 300mm, can exhaust air when the electric exhaust fan is stopped and only external air is used. The exhaust speed reaches 0.5m / s when the external wind speed is 1.0m / s, while the “spherical non-powered wind cap” requires an air speed of more than 1.7m / s to start exhausting air; when the external wind speed is 4.5m / s, the exhaust speed of this device reaches 2.7m / s, while the “spherical non-powered wind cap” only reaches 2.5m / s; when the external wind speed is 42m / s, this device can run continuously for 2 hours or more without any cracking, while the “spherical non-powered wind cap” cracks and cannot work after 15 minutes of operation. ② Compared with electric roof fans on the market, this device, with the same duct diameter of 300mm and rated power of 90W, achieves a total pressure efficiency of up to 32% when running only with an electric exhaust fan without external airflow, while the total pressure efficiency of ordinary electric roof fans on the market is only 24%. Moreover, ordinary roof fans do not have the function of exhausting air by external airflow. Total pressure efficiency is an important comprehensive indicator reflecting the exhaust volume and air pressure of the fan; the product cost of this device is more than 10% lower than that of ordinary electric roof fans on the market. (4) In terms of energy conservation and emission reduction, this device uses renewable energy for most of the time. Its widespread application can save fossil energy, reduce pollutant emissions, accelerate the growth rate of organisms in the exhaust space, and improve the immunity of organisms. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exhaust light guide device according to the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1-ventilation light guide tube, 2-lens, 3-air guide and exhaust hood support, 4-air guide and exhaust hood, 5-structure wall, 6-light-transmitting protective cover, 7-jet ring, 8-gas compressor, 9-gas compressor controller, 10-storage battery, 11-LED light, 12-MPPT (maximum power point tracking) solar controller, 13-photovoltaic panel, 14-LED light controller, 15-wire, 16-gas pipe.

[0021] In the diagram: solid lines with arrows represent external airflow; dashed lines with arrows represent indoor airflow; and dashed lines with arrows represent light. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The following embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention, rather than to further limit the present invention.

[0023] Figure 1 The exhaust and light guiding device shown includes an exhaust assembly and a light guiding assembly. The exhaust assembly includes an exhaust hood 4 and a light guiding tube 1. The exhaust hood 4 is a cylindrical body with a large opening at the upper end and a small opening at the lower end. This cylindrical body is a truncated conical shell, a truncated pyramidal polyhedral shell, a truncated parabolic shell, or a truncated spherical shell. The truncated conical shell is the structure between two parallel faces after a cone cylinder is cut by two parallel planes. The truncated pyramidal polyhedral shell is the structure between two parallel faces after a pyramid cylinder is cut by two parallel planes. The truncated parabolic shell is the structure between two parallel faces after a parabolic cylinder is cut by two parallel planes. The truncated spherical shell is the structure between two parallel faces after a spherical cylinder is cut by two parallel planes. Figure 1 The diagram shows a flat-section conical shell. The ventilation light guide tube 1 is a tube with an upper port and a lower port, which allows for ventilation and reflection. The upper outer edge dimension of the ventilation light guide tube 1 is smaller than the lower inner edge dimension of the air guide exhaust hood 4. The upper port of the ventilation light guide tube 1 is inserted into the lower port of the air guide exhaust hood 4. A support body 3 is provided between the outer wall surface of the ventilation light guide tube 1 and the corresponding inner wall surface of the air guide exhaust hood 4. An exhaust gap is left between the two walls. The lower port of the ventilation light guide tube 1 is the air inlet and the light outlet. The gap between the lower port of the air guide exhaust hood 4 and the upper end of the ventilation light guide tube 1 is the exhaust port.

[0024] The light guiding assembly includes a light-collecting protective cover 6, a lens 2, and a ventilation light guide tube 1. The light-collecting protective cover 6 is a transparent shell with light-collecting, light-focusing, and protective functions. The light-collecting protective cover 6 and the lens 2 are located on the upper part of the ventilation exhaust cover 4. The light-collecting protective cover 6 is a hemispherical light-focusing cover or a diamond-shaped light-focusing cover. The light-collecting protective cover 6 can focus light, improve the illuminance during sunrise and sunset, and also protect against rain, snow, and dust. The lens 2 is located at the lower part of the light-collecting protective cover 6, and a ventilation gap is left between the lens 2 and the upper port of the ventilation light guide tube 1. The lens 2 is a Fresnel lens or a convex lens, and the focal point of the lens 2 should be a certain distance away from each component.

[0025] A jet ring 7 is provided on the support body 3 between the outer wall of the ventilation light guide tube 1 and the inner wall of the corresponding air guide exhaust hood 4. The cross-section of the jet ring 7 is a hollow airfoil. The tail of the hollow airfoil is provided with an air gap. The jet direction of the air gap is towards the exhaust port. The jet ring 7 is connected to the exhaust port of the gas compressor 8 located in the structure 5 through an air pipe 16. The gas compressor 8 is connected to the solar controller 12 through the control circuit 9. The storage battery 10 is connected to the charging and discharging terminal of the solar controller 12. The solar controller 12 is connected to the solar photovoltaic power generation module 13. The jet ring 7 is an air amplifier. The jet ring 7 can drive the indoor air to flow outward and increase the exhaust volume.

[0026] The lower end of the ventilation light guide tube 1 is an outwardly expanding tube. A ring-shaped LED light 11 is mounted on the inner surface of the outwardly expanding tube. The ring-shaped LED light 11 is connected to a solar controller 12 via an LED light controller 14. The solar controller 12 is connected to a solar photovoltaic power generation module 13. The storage battery 10 is connected to the charging and discharging terminals of the solar controller 12.

[0027] The working process of this device is as follows: ① When an external wind blows towards the device from any direction, after being guided by the air guide and exhaust hood 4, the airflow passes through the lower port of the air guide and exhaust hood 4 and the outer wall of the ventilation pipe 1. A negative pressure and suction effect are generated at the lower port of the air guide and exhaust hood 4. The polluted air in the room enters the ventilation light guide pipe 1 through the air inlet at the lower port, then passes through the upper port of the ventilation light guide pipe 1, the lower part of the lens 2, and the exhaust channel between the ventilation light guide pipe 1 and the air guide and exhaust hood 4, finally being discharged to the outdoor space from the lower port of the air guide and exhaust hood 4. Computer simulation and physical experiments have shown that this device will not produce "backflow" or "cross-flow" phenomena. ② When there is no wind outside and there is hot air inside, the hot air will rise through the ventilation light guide pipe 1 due to buoyancy and be discharged to the outside space through the exhaust channel. ③ When there is sunlight, the photovoltaic panel 13 generates electricity, which drives the gas compressor 8 via the solar controller 12 and the gas compressor controller 9. High-pressure gas is transported from the gas compressor 8 through the gas pipe 16 to the jet ring 7 and ejected from the air gap of the jet ring 7. The ejected high-speed gas drives the indoor air out. ④ When there is both wind and sunlight outside, the external wind and the electric exhaust fan work together to produce a larger exhaust volume. ⑤ When lighting is needed, the LED light 11 is turned on via the LED light controller 14.

[0028] Although the present invention has been described in conjunction with preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the specific structural forms set forth herein and in the accompanying drawings. Rather, it is intended to cover various alternatives, equivalents and devices derived from recombination of various feature elements within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims.

Claims

1. An exhaust light guiding device, comprising an exhaust assembly and a light guiding assembly, characterized in that: The exhaust assembly includes an air guide exhaust hood and a ventilation light guide tube. The air guide exhaust hood is a cylindrical body with a large opening at the top and a small opening at the bottom. The ventilation light guide tube is a tube with an upper port and a lower port, which can both allow air to pass through and reflect light. The outer dimension of the upper part of the ventilation light guide tube is smaller than the inner dimension of the lower port of the air guide exhaust hood. The upper port of the ventilation light guide tube is inserted into the lower port of the air guide exhaust hood. A support is provided between the outer wall of the ventilation light guide tube and the corresponding inner wall of the air guide exhaust hood. An exhaust gap is left between the two walls. The lower port of the ventilation light guide tube is the air inlet and the light outlet. The gap between the lower port of the air guide exhaust hood and the upper end of the ventilation light guide tube is the exhaust port. The light guide assembly includes a light-collecting protective cover and a ventilation light guide tube. The light-collecting protective cover is a transparent shell that can both collect and concentrate light and protect against rain, snow and debris. The light-collecting protective cover is located on the upper part of the air guide exhaust hood.

2. The exhaust light guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lens is provided between the inner cavity of the light-collecting protective cover and the upper port of the ventilation light guide tube, and a ventilation gap is left between the lens and the upper port of the ventilation light guide tube.

3. The exhaust light guiding device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An air jet ring is provided on the support between the outer wall of the ventilation light guide tube and the inner wall of the corresponding air guide exhaust hood, or on the outer wall of the ventilation light guide tube or the inner wall of the air guide exhaust hood. The cross-section of the air jet ring is a hollow airfoil with an air gap at the tail, or an annular tube with an air nozzle mounted on it. The air jet direction of the air gap or air nozzle at the tail of the hollow airfoil is towards the exhaust port. The air jet ring is connected to the exhaust port of a gas compressor located inside or outside the structure through an air pipe. The gas compressor is connected to a solar photovoltaic power generation module or the power grid through a control circuit. The air jet ring is an air amplifier.

4. The exhaust light guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the ventilation light guide tube is an outwardly expanding tube body. A ring light is installed on the inner surface of the outwardly expanding tube body. The ring light is connected to the solar photovoltaic power generation module or the power grid through a control circuit.

5. The exhaust light guiding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solar photovoltaic power generation module is located on the outer wall of the ventilation light guide pipe, the outer wall of the air guide exhaust hood, or the exterior of the structure.

6. The exhaust light guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust control valve is provided in the lower part of the ventilation light guide tube. The valve plate of the exhaust control valve is either a transparent valve plate or a non-transparent valve plate.

7. The exhaust light guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air jet ring or an annular pipe with an air jet nozzle is provided on the upper part of the light-transmitting protective cover. The air jet ring or annular pipe is connected to the exhaust port of the gas compressor through an air pipe and a gas circulation timer switch.

8. The exhaust light guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slow emitter is installed at the lower port of the ventilation light guide tube via a connector, and an air intake gap is left between the lower port of the ventilation light guide tube and the slow emitter.

9. The exhaust light guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the ventilation light guide tube is coated with a transparent self-cleaning layer or is provided with an air jet ring or an annular tube with an air jet nozzle installed on the annular tube. The air jet ring or annular tube is connected to the exhaust port of the gas compressor through a pipeline and a gas circulation timer switch.

10. The exhaust light guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water spray ring or an annular pipe with a water spray nozzle is provided on the upper part of the light-transmitting protective cover. The water spray ring or annular pipe is connected to a water source through a water pipe and a liquid circulation timer switch.

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