Rotary optical shutter opening and closing device

Abstract

The utility model provides a rotary type optical shutter opening and closing device, relates to the technical field of X-ray diffractometers, and aims to solve the technical problem that an optical shutter and a slit device in the prior art are independently designed, and X-rays leak from a mounting slit due to a certain slit between the optical shutter and the slit device. A rotary optical shutter opening and closing device comprises an optical shutter which is opened and closed to allow X-rays to pass through; the through hole is used for the line focus X-ray light source to pass through; one end of the through hole is a light inlet hole, and the other end is a light outlet hole; the slits capable of adjusting different calibers are formed at the light outlet hole and the light inlet hole of the optical shutter; the driving mechanism is connected with the optical shutter and is used for driving the optical shutter to open and close; and the safety mechanism is connected with the optical shutter and used for driving the optical shutter to be closed under the condition that the driving mechanism is powered off. Through the integrated design of the optical shutter and the slit, the installation gap caused by traditional independent arrangement is eliminated, the leakage path of X-rays in a non-working state is blocked, and the safety risk to operators is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of X-ray diffractometer technology, and in particular to a rotary shutter opening and closing device. Background Technology

[0002] X-ray diffraction (XRD), a core analytical tool in materials science and crystallography, has applications spanning a wide range of fields, from basic scientific research to industrial production quality control. This technique, based on the diffraction phenomenon caused by the interaction of X-rays with the ordered arrangement of atoms within a material, provides scientists with the ability to explore the structural details of the microscopic world. By analyzing the diffraction patterns obtained from XRD experiments, researchers can obtain crucial information about the sample's unit cell parameters, atomic positions and distributions, thereby gaining a deeper understanding of the material's physical and chemical properties. XRD is renowned for its non-destructive nature and high precision, making it particularly suitable for the structural characterization of powdered or solid samples.

[0003] In X-ray diffraction (XRD) applications, optical shutters (or shutters) are primarily used to control the optical path between the X-ray source and the sample, ensuring experimental safety and accurate data acquisition. Existing types of optical shutters mainly include:

[0004] Gate-type shutters: These consist of a set of gates made of heavy metal materials that can move rapidly under motor drive to block or expose the X-ray path. These shutters typically offer high durability and stability, making them suitable for environments requiring frequent use.

[0005] Rotary shutter: This type of shutter uses one or more blades rotating around an axis to constrain the emission direction of X-rays, thereby enabling the switching function of the optical path. This design can provide fast response and symmetrical operation of the X-ray beam.

[0006] Currently, optical shutters are typically installed after the X-ray source and before the entrance slit. This arrangement allows for complete blocking of the X-ray path when not needed, protecting samples and other optical components from unnecessary radiation. However, existing optical shutters and slit devices are two separate components with a gap between them. When open, X-rays may leak from this gap, increasing safety risks for operators and potentially interfering with other equipment in the surrounding environment, affecting the safety and stability of the experimental environment. Furthermore, because the optical shutter and slit device are designed independently, continuous and accurate positioning relative to the beam centerline is difficult to achieve, limiting the ability to finely control the X-ray beam and potentially affecting the accuracy of experimental results.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a rotary shutter opening and closing device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rotary shutter opening and closing device to solve the technical problems in the prior art where the shutter and slit device are designed independently, with a certain gap between them, making it difficult to achieve continuous and accurate positioning relative to the beam centerline, and potentially allowing X-rays to leak from the installation gap when open. The various technical effects of the preferred technical solution provided by this invention are detailed below.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] This utility model provides a rotary shutter opening and closing device, comprising:

[0011] A shutter is a device that allows X-rays to pass through at specific time intervals and irradiate a target object by opening and closing it.

[0012] Through-hole: A through-hole is formed in the light shutter for the passage of a line focal point X-ray source; one end of the through-hole is a light inlet and the other end is a light outlet;

[0013] Slit: The light exit hole and light inlet hole of the light shutter form a slit with adjustable diameter to control the parallel direction of the X-ray beam and the filament.

[0014] Drive mechanism: connected to the optical shutter, used to drive the optical shutter to open and close; at the same time, it adjusts the slit formed at the light outlet and the light inlet, and closes the optical shutter after adjusting the slit to its minimum.

[0015] Safety mechanism: Connected to the shutter, used to drive the shutter to close in the event of a power failure in the drive mechanism, ensuring safety.

[0016] Furthermore, the shutter includes a shutter body, and the through hole is formed through the shutter body.

[0017] A gate sleeve is provided, on which the gate body is rotatably mounted to support and guide the rotational movement of the gate body. The gate sleeve has an inlet gate corresponding to the inlet hole and an outlet gate corresponding to the outlet hole. The rotation axis of the gate body is parallel to the focal line of the X-ray source, so that during the rotation of the gate body, the outlet hole and the outlet gate coincide or partially coincide, and the inlet hole can coincide or partially coincide with the inlet gate, forming slits of different diameters.

[0018] Furthermore, the Sollar aperture is fixedly installed at the center of the through-hole. The Sollar aperture is composed of multiple parallel and equally spaced metal sheets, the planes of which are perpendicular to the focal line of the X-ray source, used to limit the divergence of X-rays in the direction perpendicular to the focal point. There is a Sollar slit constraint with a fixed divergence angle in the direction perpendicular to the focal point, and continuously adjustable light-entry and light-exit aperture constraints in the parallel direction.

[0019] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes:

[0020] A stepper motor is fixedly mounted on the gate sleeve, and its output shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to the gate body;

[0021] The controller is used to control the rotation angle and direction of the stepper motor. It can be fixedly installed on the stepper motor or set up independently.

[0022] Furthermore, the insurance institution also includes:

[0023] The light-blocking plate is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor, and is arranged in a fan shape, rotating with the rotation of the output shaft of the stepper motor;

[0024] The first photoelectric switch is fixedly installed on the gate sleeve and is connected to the first indicator light. When the light-blocking plate is located inside the first photoelectric switch, the light gate is in the open state and the first indicator light is lit.

[0025] The second photoelectric switch is fixedly installed on the gate sleeve and is connected to the second indicator light. When the light-blocking plate is removed from the first photoelectric switch and enters the second photoelectric switch, the light gate is in the closed state and the second indicator light is lit.

[0026] Furthermore, the first indicator light is red, and the second indicator light is green.

[0027] Furthermore, both the first and second photoelectric switches are connected in series in the safety circuit of the X-ray emission source. The X-ray emission source is only allowed to be turned on when the light-blocking plate is inside the first photoelectric switch and not inside the second photoelectric switch.

[0028] Furthermore, the safety mechanism includes a positioning block fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor and positioned opposite the light-blocking plate. Simultaneously, a limit shaft is fixedly connected to the shutter sleeve, extending along the output shaft of the stepper motor. When the shutter is closed, the stepper motor drives the light-blocking plate to rotate, completely disengaging it from the first and second photoelectric switches, and the positioning block abuts against the limit shaft. This dual photoelectric switch design achieves sensor interlocking backup, improving the reliability of the safety mechanism.

[0029] Furthermore, the limiting shaft includes a shock-absorbing sleeve fitted onto the stepper motor. When the positioning block abuts against the limiting shaft, it contacts the shock-absorbing sleeve, thereby providing buffering to reduce the vibration of the shutter mechanism.

[0030] Furthermore, the safety mechanism includes a reset spring and a positioning post. The positioning post is fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning block. One end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the gate sleeve, and the other end is fixedly connected to the positioning post. When the shutter is open, the reset spring is in a stretched state. When the shutter opening and closing device is unexpectedly de-energized, the stepper motor loses power, the reset spring pulls the positioning post to drive the positioning block to rotate, and abuts against the limit shaft, thereby realizing the automatic closing of the shutter.

[0031] This utility model provides a rotary shutter opening and closing device. Through the combined action of a drive mechanism and a safety mechanism, the shutter can promptly close in the event of a power failure, ensuring effective control and shielding of the X-ray beam emission angle. The main technical advantages of this device are as follows:

[0032] Enhance security:

[0033] By integrating the shutter and slit into a single design, the installation gaps caused by traditional separate setups are eliminated, thus completely blocking the leakage path of X-rays during operation and greatly reducing the safety risks to operators.

[0034] The safety mechanism is designed to automatically close the shutter in the event of a power outage and reliably display and output the shutter status. This ensures that even in the event of a power failure or other unforeseen circumstances, X-rays will not leak uncontrollably into the sample area or laboratory environment, greatly reducing the safety risks to laboratory personnel and the impact on the surrounding environment and equipment.

[0035] Precise control of beam size improves the quality of experimental data:

[0036] Because the optical shutter can close rapidly upon power failure, it prevents uncontrolled exposure of samples to high-intensity X-rays under any circumstances. Precise slit size control and coaxial design ensure symmetry and effectiveness in optical path constraint, reduce the influence of stray scattering on the background, and guarantee the quality and reproducibility of experimental data. This is particularly important for samples requiring precise irradiation control or those sensitive to X-rays.

[0037] Enhance equipment reliability:

[0038] The rotary shutter opening and closing mechanism makes the entire system more reliable and compact, reducing the risks introduced by independent design of each function and the connection points of multiple components. Compared with traditional shutters where each function is implemented independently, this improvement can effectively reduce maintenance requirements and improve the long-term operating efficiency of the equipment.

[0039] Optimize experimental condition control:

[0040] The slit layout, parallel and symmetrical to the focal point of the X-ray source, further enhances the device's ability to precisely control the X-ray irradiation time and intensity. This device not only accurately adjusts the X-ray on / off state under normal operating conditions but also maintains good control performance under abnormal conditions, facilitating more refined experimental design and higher measurement accuracy.

[0041] Reduce maintenance costs and potential risks:

[0042] This reduces potential interference with other precision instruments caused by accidental X-ray exposure, lowering maintenance costs and potential risks within the laboratory. Simultaneously, it ensures that equipment malfunction status indicators and outputs guarantee that the equipment remains under control.

[0043] In summary, the rotary shutter opening and closing device provided by this invention significantly improves the safety and stability of the XRD system, enhances the controllability of experimental conditions, and provides users with a more convenient and reliable user experience. These technical effects collectively promote the application and development of XRD systems in materials science research and industrial production. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic axial section diagram of the internal structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention:

[0047] Figure 3 This is a partial internal structural diagram provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a partial structural isometric schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0049] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, shutter; 110, shutter body; 120, shutter sleeve; 130, Sollar aperture; 140, through hole; 150, light exit hole; 160, light inlet hole; 170, light exit gate; 180, light inlet gate; 190, receiving cavity; 200, drive mechanism; 210, stepper motor; 220, coupling; 230, light blocking plate; 240, first photoelectric switch; 250, second photoelectric switch; 260, first indicator light; 270, second indicator light; 280, controller; 300, safety mechanism; 310, positioning block; 320, return spring; 330, connecting column; 340, positioning column; 350, limit shaft; 360, shock-absorbing sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0051] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0052] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] X-ray diffraction (XRD) is an important method for studying the crystal structure of materials. It utilizes the interaction between X-rays and the atomic arrangement inside the crystal, and by analyzing the intensity and angular distribution of the scattered X-rays, detailed information about the crystal structure can be obtained.

[0054] When X-rays irradiate a material, scattering occurs. For crystalline materials, due to the periodic arrangement of their atoms, molecules, or ions, this scattering exhibits a special diffraction phenomenon. Specifically, when X-rays interact with a crystal, coherent scattered waves with the same wavelength as the incident wave interfere. In certain directions, these scattered waves are in phase, leading to enhanced intensity; while in other directions, they may cancel each other out. This process is similar to the phenomenon produced when visible light passes through a diffraction grating, both based on the principles of wave optics.

[0055] The direction in which diffraction occurs in a crystal is determined by its microstructure, including the cell type and basic dimensions (such as interplanar spacing and cell parameters). The intensity of the diffraction lines depends on the types and spatial distribution of the constituent elements in the crystal structure. Therefore, by analyzing diffraction patterns, we can obtain detailed information about the crystal structure. From a mathematical transformation perspective, the diffraction pattern of a crystal can be viewed as a Fourier transform of its three-dimensional atomic structure, providing a method for converting structural information in physical space into measurable diffraction modes in reciprocal space.

[0056] Crystal diffraction techniques are one of the most fundamental and powerful tools for studying crystal structures. In particular, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) is suitable for powder samples and can accurately measure diffraction angles to determine the structural features of crystals.

[0057] In powder diffraction, the sample consists of a large number of tiny crystal particles with random orientations. Therefore, when X-rays irradiate such a sample, as long as the incident angle satisfies Bragg's law, i.e., nλ = 2dsin(θ), where n is an integer (usually 1), λ is the wavelength of the X-rays, d is the interplanar spacing, and θ is the incident angle, diffraction signals will be obtained from the crystal particles with different orientations. Since the orientation of the crystal particles in the powder is random, for each interplanar spacing d that satisfies the condition, a diffraction peak will be generated at the corresponding diffraction angle 2θ, resulting in a series of discrete diffraction peaks in the powder diffraction pattern.

[0058] In a typical powder diffractometer setup, the X-ray source provides a line-focal point parallel to the rotation axis of the goniometer. A sample stage is centrally located within the goniometer to hold the sample, ensuring the sample plane is aligned with the rotation axis. The sample stage and detector arm rotate synchronously around the same axis (O-axis) to measure diffraction intensities at different angles. This configuration allows the instrument to systematically collect diffraction data from crystal grains of various orientations, thus constructing a complete diffraction pattern. This method is applicable not only to single-crystal analysis but is also particularly suitable for polycrystalline powder samples, as the latter provides statistical averaging, avoiding the bias introduced by single-crystal orientation.

[0059] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 To further describe this application in detail, embodiments of this application disclose a rotary shutter opening and closing device.

[0060] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a rotary shutter opening and closing device includes a shutter 100, a drive mechanism 200, and a safety mechanism 300.

[0061] The light shutter 100 has an opening and closing function, enabling precise control of X-ray passage within predetermined time intervals, thus achieving timed irradiation of the sample. A through-hole 140 is provided inside the light shutter 100, with an entrance hole 160 at one end and an exit hole 150 at the other, ensuring that X-rays can smoothly enter and pass through the light shutter 100, ultimately accurately irradiating the sample surface. This design helps reduce background noise, improve signal contrast, and thus enhance the clarity of the diffraction pattern.

[0062] The drive mechanism 200 is responsible for driving the opening and closing of the light shutter 100, ensuring that X-rays pass through the light shutter 100 and irradiate the sample only within a predetermined time. This precise timing control helps reduce unnecessary radiation exposure and protects laboratory personnel and equipment.

[0063] The safety mechanism 300, connected to the shutter 100, features a rapid response system. In the event of an unexpected power outage, the safety mechanism 300 activates immediately, quickly shutting down the shutter 100 to prevent sample damage caused by accidental exposure to high-intensity X-rays. This safety mechanism significantly enhances experimental safety and avoids potential safety hazards. Even in extreme circumstances, it ensures a safe experimental environment, protecting personnel and equipment from damage. Furthermore, it helps maintain the continuity and reproducibility of experimental data, improving the reliability and credibility of scientific research.

[0064] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the shutter 100 includes a shutter body 110 for passing through a line focal point X-ray source, a shutter sleeve 120 rotatably sleeved on the shutter body 110, and a Sollar aperture 130 for controlling the direction and intensity of the X-ray beam.

[0065] A through hole 140 is opened on the gate body 110 and extends through the gate in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. One end is a light inlet hole 160 and the other end is a light outlet hole 150.

[0066] The Sollar aperture 130 is fixedly mounted at the center of the through-hole 140. It consists of multiple parallel and equally spaced metal sheets, the planes of which are not only parallel to the through-hole 140's penetration direction but also perpendicular to the focal line of the X-ray source. The function of the Sollar aperture 130 is to limit the divergence of X-rays in the axial direction of the goniometer, so that the X-ray beam can be approximately regarded as a diverging beam that diverges only on the scanning circular plane.

[0067] The gate sleeve 120 is set in the shape of a sleeve and is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the gate body 110. The gate sleeve 120 has a light-exit gate 170 and a light-inlet gate 180. The two gates are arranged opposite each other and their through direction is parallel to the plane of the metal sheet in the Sollar aperture 130.

[0068] The shutter sleeve 120 extends into a receiving cavity 190. The top of the receiving cavity 190 passes exactly at the center of the through direction of the light exit gate 170 and the light entrance gate 180. The shutter body 110 is rotatably disposed within the receiving cavity 190. The rotation axis of the shutter body 110 is parallel to the focal line of the X-ray source, so that during the rotation of the shutter body 110, the light exit hole 150 can coincide with or partially coincide with the light exit gate 170, and the light entrance hole 160 can coincide with or partially coincide with the light entrance gate 180, thereby forming slits of different diameters.

[0069] The drive mechanism 200 is fixedly installed on the gate sleeve 120 and is used to drive the gate body 110 to rotate within the gate sleeve 120. The specific operation is as follows:

[0070] Opening mode: When the shutter body 110 is rotated to fully align the light inlet aperture 160 with the light inlet shutter 180 and the light outlet aperture 150 with the light outlet shutter 170, the X-ray beam can pass through the shutter 100, thus opening the shutter 100. At this time, the formed slit diameter reaches its maximum, allowing the maximum range of divergent beams to pass through. This maximizes beam intensity and is suitable for high-sensitivity measurements.

[0071] Closed mode: When the shutter 110 is rotated to completely misalign the light inlet 160 with the light inlet shutter 180 and the light outlet 150 with the light outlet shutter 170, the X-ray beam cannot pass through the shutter 100, thus closing the shutter 100. This design effectively prevents unnecessary radiation exposure and protects experimental personnel and equipment.

[0072] Slit adjustment mechanism

[0073] Slit diameter variation:

[0074] When the gate body 110 rotates, the relative positions of the light-emitting aperture 150 and the light-emitting gate 170 change, and the relative positions of the light-inlet aperture 160 and the light-inlet gate 180 also change, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the slit diameter. Specifically:

[0075] Maximum aperture state: When the exit aperture 150 is completely within the exit gate 170 and the entrance aperture 160 is completely within the entrance gate 180, the resulting slit aperture reaches its maximum. At this point, the slit width is at its maximum, allowing the maximum range of divergent light beams to pass through. This maximizes beam intensity and is suitable for low-resolution measurements.

[0076] Minimum aperture state: As the gate body 110 continues to rotate, the light exit aperture 150 gradually deviates from the light exit gate 170, and the light entrance aperture 160 gradually deviates from the light entrance gate 180. The slit diameter gradually decreases, eventually forming the minimum aperture, used to precisely control the width of the diverging beam or the received diffracted beam. This effectively improves resolution, reduces background noise, and enhances the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0077] Slit diameter variation pattern:

[0078] As the gate body 110 continues to rotate from its maximum aperture position, the slit aperture gradually decreases according to a predetermined gradient, ensuring that the change in slit aperture is continuous and controllable at different rotation angles. This gradient design allows users to flexibly adjust the slit aperture according to specific experimental requirements, thereby optimizing the quality of the diffraction signal and the accuracy of the experimental results, and meeting the needs under different experimental conditions.

[0079] Slit size relationship:

[0080] The aperture of the light exit aperture 150 is smaller than that of the light exit gate 170, and the aperture of the light entrance aperture 160 is smaller than that of the light entrance gate 180. This design ensures that the slit can be fully opened at its maximum aperture, allowing the maximum range of light beams to pass through; while at its minimum aperture, the slit can precisely control the width of the light beam, avoiding unnecessary background noise and scattering.

[0081] By precisely controlling the slit aperture, background noise can be effectively reduced, the signal-to-noise ratio improved, and diffraction peaks made more clearly visible, thereby enhancing the reliability and accuracy of experimental results. A smaller slit width helps improve the resolution of the diffraction pattern, which is particularly important in high-precision measurements. The dynamic adjustment mechanism of the slit aperture allows users to flexibly adjust the width of the X-ray beam according to different experimental conditions and sample characteristics, thus optimizing the quality of the diffraction signal.

[0082] The drive mechanism 200 includes a housing, a stepper motor 210, an angle encoder, and a controller 280.

[0083] The outer casing is fixedly connected to the gate sleeve 120, and the stepper motor 210 is fixedly installed inside the outer casing. The output shaft of the stepper motor 210 is coaxially fixedly connected to the gate body 110, thereby driving the gate body 110 to rotate inside the gate sleeve 120.

[0084] The gate body 110 is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor 210 by a coupling 220.

[0085] The stepper motor 210 is preferably a stepper motor 210 with appropriate torque and resolution. The motor is equipped with a driver that can accept digital pulse input from the controller 280.

[0086] The selection of the stepper motor 210 should be optimized based on the specific application requirements. For applications requiring precise positioning, it is recommended to choose a stepper motor with a small step angle (1.8 degrees or less). This type of motor can provide higher resolution and finer positioning capabilities, while reducing vibration during operation and ensuring the stability of the shutter at high speeds.

[0087] For applications requiring rapid response, stepper motors with large step angles (30 degrees or greater) can be selected. Although these motors have lower resolution, they offer faster response times, making them suitable for scenarios with high response time requirements. By appropriately selecting the step angle of the stepper motor, the optimal balance between positioning accuracy and response speed can be found.

[0088] By optimizing the coordination between the stepper motor 210 and the controller 280, the rotation angle of the optical shutter can be continuously, accurately, and rapidly positioned. The fastest response time of the optical shutter can reach 0.2 milliseconds, enabling it to complete the action from closing to opening in an extremely short time, significantly improving experimental efficiency.

[0089] The angle encoder is preferably an absolute encoder, which can provide a unique position code within a 360-degree range. The encoder is mounted directly on the output shaft of the stepper motor 210, or connected to the motor shaft via a coupling 220 to ensure synchronous rotation of both.

[0090] The controller 280 is preferably a microprocessor or a dedicated motion controller 280, with a built-in PID control algorithm to process the feedback data from the angle encoder and generate corresponding control commands for the stepper motor 210 driver.

[0091] Initialization: Upon startup, the controller 280 reads the initial position of the angle encoder and uses it as a reference point. At this time, the user can adjust the size of the slit or the rotation direction to set the rotation angle and direction of the stepper motor 210 as needed.

[0092] Target setting: The user inputs the target angle and rotation direction (forward or reverse) to the controller 280 through a human-machine interface (HMI) or programming interface. The controller 280 calculates the number and sequence of pulses to be sent to the stepper motor 210 based on the set target.

[0093] Control process:

[0094] Based on the calculation results, the controller 280 sends a pulse signal to the stepper motor 210 via the stepper motor 210 driver, causing the motor to start rotating.

[0095] The angle encoder monitors the position of the motor shaft in real time and feeds back the position information to the controller 280.

[0096] The controller 280 continuously compares the current actual position with the target position. If a deviation is found, it corrects the position error by adjusting the pulse frequency and phase to ensure that the motor rotates in the predetermined angle and direction.

[0097] Stopping condition: When the motor reaches the target position, the controller 280 stops sending pulse signals, and the motor stops rotating. Simultaneously, the controller 280 can record the current position for use as a new reference point in subsequent operations.

[0098] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the insurance mechanism 300 includes a light-blocking plate 230, a first photoelectric switch 240, and a second photoelectric switch 250.

[0099] The light-blocking plate 230 is fixedly connected to the coupling 220, arranged in a fan shape, and rotates synchronously with the output shaft of the stepper motor 210. Viewed from the axial top view of the stepper motor 210, the clockwise end of the light-blocking plate 230 is point B, and the counterclockwise end is point A. The fan-shaped design allows the light-blocking plate 230 to achieve a wide range of rotation within a small space, improving space utilization. Simultaneously, the synchronous rotation of the light-blocking plate 230 ensures precise control at different positions, avoiding misoperation due to mechanical errors.

[0100] The first photoelectric switch 240 and the second photoelectric switch 250 are both fixedly mounted on the housing and arranged clockwise in a top view along the axial direction of the stepper motor 210 output shaft. This layout not only simplifies the installation and debugging process but also ensures that the photoelectric switches can accurately detect changes in the position of the light-blocking plate 230. By rationally setting the positions of the photoelectric switches, real-time monitoring of the movement state of the light-blocking plate 230 can be achieved, improving the reliability and safety of the system.

[0101] Work mode:

[0102] Shutter 100 fully closed:

[0103] When the shutter 100 is completely closed, the light-blocking plate 230 is located inside the second photoelectric switch 250, and point A of the light-blocking plate 230 is just about to leave the second photoelectric switch 250.

[0104] At this time, the second photoelectric switch 250 continuously detects the presence of the light-blocking plate 230, ensuring that the light shutter 100 is in a completely closed state. This design effectively prevents accidental light exposure and protects the experimental environment and sample safety. In addition, point A of the light-blocking plate 230 is about to disengage from the second photoelectric switch 250, preparing for the subsequent opening action and reducing unnecessary waiting time.

[0105] Opening process of shutter 100:

[0106] When the light shutter 100 needs to be opened, the stepper motor 210 starts, driving the light-blocking plate 230 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0107] When end A of the light-blocking plate 230 enters the first photoelectric switch 240, end B of the light-blocking plate 230 just disengages from the second photoelectric switch 250. At this time, as the light-blocking plate 230 continues to rotate counterclockwise, the slit diameter gradually increases, allowing X-rays to pass through.

[0108] This gradual opening method allows for precise control of the slit diameter change, ensuring accurate adjustment of X-ray intensity and irradiation time. Simultaneously, the real-time monitoring function of the photoelectric switch ensures that the movement of the light-blocking plate 230 remains within a controlled range, improving system stability and safety.

[0109] Shutter 100 closing process:

[0110] When it is necessary to close the shutter 100, the stepper motor 210 starts, driving the light-blocking plate 230 to rotate clockwise.

[0111] When end A of the light-blocking plate 230 disengages from the first photoelectric switch 240 and the end of the light-blocking plate 230 just enters the second photoelectric switch 2505, the light shutter 100 closes.

[0112] This rapid shutdown mechanism can complete the closing action of the shutter 100 in a very short time, effectively preventing X-ray leakage due to unexpected situations. At the same time, the dual detection function of the photoelectric switch ensures that the closed state of the shutter 100 is doubly confirmed, further improving the safety and reliability of the system.

[0113] The high-precision detection capability of the photoelectric switch ensures accurate control of the light-blocking plate 230 at different positions, avoiding misoperation caused by mechanical errors. This not only improves the stability of the system but also guarantees the accuracy of the opening and closing action of the light shutter 100, thus enhancing the quality of experimental data.

[0114] The dual detection mechanism and rapid shutdown function of the insurance company 300 effectively prevent accidental X-ray leakage, protecting the experimental environment and sample safety. This design is particularly effective when handling sensitive samples or conducting long-duration experiments, minimizing potential risks and ensuring the smooth progress of the experiment.

[0115] By precisely controlling the slit diameter, this safety mechanism 300 can accurately adjust the X-ray intensity and irradiation time, improving the flexibility and efficiency of experiments. Simultaneously, the rapid opening and closing action reduces unnecessary waiting time, shortens the experimental cycle, and enhances the overall efficiency of scientific research.

[0116] The insurance institution 300 also includes a red first indicator light 260 and a green second indicator light 270. The first indicator light 260 and the second indicator light 270 are fixedly connected to the housing, and the first indicator light 260 and the second indicator light 270 are respectively connected to the first photoelectric switch 240 and the second photoelectric switch 250.

[0117] When the light-blocking plate 230 is located inside the first photoelectric switch 240, the light shutter 100 is in the open state and the first indicator light 260 lights up.

[0118] When the light-blocking plate 230 disengages from the first photoelectric switch 240 and enters the second photoelectric switch 250, the light shutter 100 is in the closed state, and the second indicator light 270 lights up.

[0119] When the light-blocking plate 230 is within both the first photoelectric switch 240 and the second photoelectric switch 250, the first indicator light 260 and the second indicator light 270 light up simultaneously, indicating an error.

[0120] The indicator light system provides intuitive visual feedback, allowing operators to understand the status of the shutter 100 in real time. Especially in complex experimental environments, the indicator lights can quickly indicate the opening and closing status of the shutter 100, reducing the possibility of misoperation. Furthermore, when two indicator lights illuminate simultaneously, it indicates an abnormal state in the system, reminding operators to check and handle the situation promptly to ensure experimental safety.

[0121] The first photoelectric switch 240 and the second photoelectric switch 250 are both connected in series in the safety circuit of the X-ray emission source. The X-ray emission source is only allowed to be turned on when the light-blocking plate 230 is inside the first photoelectric switch 240 and not inside the second photoelectric switch 250.

[0122] This safety circuit design ensures that the start-up conditions of the X-ray emission source are strictly controlled; X-rays can only be emitted when the shutter 100 is fully open. This effectively prevents accidental irradiation caused by the shutter 100 not being fully open, greatly improving the safety of the experiment. At the same time, the dual detection function of the photoelectric switch further enhances the reliability of the system, ensuring that the X-ray emission source will not be started under unsafe conditions.

[0123] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the insurance mechanism 300 also includes a positioning block 310, a limiting shaft 350, and a return spring 320.

[0124] The positioning block 310 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor 210 and is positioned opposite to the light-blocking plate 230, forming a small fan shape. Viewed from the axial top view of the stepper motor 210, the shape and position of the positioning block 310 match those of the light-blocking plate 230.

[0125] The small sector-shaped design of the positioning block 310 enables precise positioning within a small space, avoiding misoperation caused by mechanical errors. Simultaneously, the relative arrangement of the positioning block 310 and the light-blocking plate 230 ensures synchronized movement, improving the system's coordination and stability.

[0126] The limiting shaft 350 is fixedly connected to the housing and extends downward from the inner top of the housing. A shock-absorbing sleeve 360 ​​is fitted onto the bottom end of the limiting shaft 350.

[0127] The shock-absorbing sleeve 360 ​​is made of high-quality silicone rubber, which has good elasticity and wear resistance. The choice of silicone rubber material can not only effectively buffer the low-frequency vibrations caused by the rotation and braking of the stepper motor 210, but also reduce the noise generated during the movement of the device, providing a quieter working environment.

[0128] The main function of the limiting shaft 350 is to limit the positioning block 310 and prevent it from rotating excessively. When the shutter 100 is fully closed, the positioning block 310 abuts against the shock-absorbing sleeve 360, which buffers and limits the positioning block 310, ensuring that the light-blocking plate 230 is in the correct position. This design not only improves the closing accuracy of the shutter 100, but also effectively reduces the vibration generated during the closing process, protecting the safety of experimental equipment and samples.

[0129] A positioning post 340 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the positioning block 310, and a connecting post 330 is fixedly installed on the housing. A return spring 320 is fixedly connected between the positioning post 340 and the connecting post 330 at the bottom of the housing. One end of the return spring 320 is fixedly connected to the positioning post 340, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting post 330.

[0130] The main function of the return spring 320 is to provide reverse rotation power in the event of an unexpected power outage, causing the shutter 100 to close quickly. When the stepper motor 210 starts and drives the light-blocking plate 230 to rotate counterclockwise, the return spring 320 is stretched along with the positioning post 340, storing elastic potential energy. Once an unexpected power outage occurs, the stepper motor 210 will no longer provide forward or reverse rotation power. At this time, the return spring 320 will immediately release its elastic potential energy, pulling the positioning block 310 to rotate in the reverse direction, thereby causing the light-blocking plate 230 to quickly close the shutter 100.

[0131] The rapid response mechanism of the return spring 320 enables the shutter 100 to close in a very short time, effectively preventing X-ray leakage due to accidental power outages. The limiting function of the limit shaft 350 ensures the precise position of the light-blocking plate 230, preventing excessive slippage due to mechanical inertia and further improving the system's safety and reliability. The damping sleeve 360 ​​effectively reduces vibrations generated during the closing process, protecting the experimental equipment and samples.

[0132] The return spring 320 and the silicone rubber damping sleeve 360 ​​work together to form a dual damping system, which minimizes vibrations caused by movement and effectively eliminates vibrations generated during movement, ensuring that the vibration acceleration caused by device movement is less than 1G. This design not only improves the stability and reliability of the system but also extends the service life of each component.

[0133] The first photoelectric switch 240 and the second photoelectric switch 250 are connected in series in the safety circuit of the X-ray emission source. When the light-blocking plate 230 is not within the first photoelectric switch 240 but within the second photoelectric switch 250, the X-ray emission source is disconnected.

[0134] This design ensures that the closed state of the shutter 100 is double-confirmed, further enhancing system safety. Even in the event of an accident, as long as the shutter 100 is not fully open, the X-ray emission source will automatically disconnect, preventing accidental X-ray leakage and protecting the safety of experimental personnel and equipment.

[0135] The rapid closing mechanism enables the shutter 100 to close in a very short time, effectively preventing X-ray leakage due to unforeseen circumstances. The dual detection function of the photoelectric switch ensures double confirmation of the shutter 100's closed state, further enhancing the system's safety and reliability. The shock-absorbing sleeve 360° provides effective cushioning, reducing vibrations during the closing process and protecting the experimental equipment and samples.

[0136] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rotary shutter opening and closing device, characterized in that, include: Optical shutter (100): used to allow X-rays to pass through at specific time intervals and irradiate a target object by opening and closing; Through hole (140): Through opening in the light shutter (100) for passing through the line focal point X-ray source; one end of the through hole (140) is the light inlet hole (160) and the other end is the light outlet hole (150). Slit: A slit with adjustable diameter is formed at the light exit hole (150) and light inlet hole (160) of the light shutter to control the X-ray beam and the parallel direction of the filament. Drive mechanism (200): connected to the light shutter (100), used to drive the light shutter (100) to open and close; at the same time, it adjusts the slit formed at the light outlet (150) and the light inlet (160), and closes the light shutter after adjusting the slit to the minimum. Safety mechanism (300): connected to the shutter (100), used to drive the shutter (100) to close in the event of power failure of the drive mechanism (200) to ensure safety.

2. The rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shutter (100) includes a shutter body (110), and the through hole (140) is formed through the shutter body (110). A gate sleeve (120) is rotatably mounted on the gate sleeve (120) to support and guide the rotational movement of the gate body (110). The gate sleeve (120) has an inlet gate (180) corresponding to the inlet hole (160) and an outlet gate (170) corresponding to the outlet hole (150). The rotation axis of the gate body (110) is parallel to the focal line of the X-ray source, so that during the rotation of the gate body (110), the outlet hole (150) and the outlet gate (170) coincide or partially coincide, and the inlet hole (160) can coincide or partially coincide with the inlet gate (180), forming slits of different diameters.

3. The rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a Sollar stop (130), which is fixedly installed at the center of the through hole (140). The Sollar stop (130) is composed of multiple parallel and equally spaced metal sheets. The plane of these metal sheets is perpendicular to the focal line of the X-ray source and is used to limit the divergence of X-rays in the direction perpendicular to the focal point.

4. The rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (200) includes: A stepper motor (210) is fixedly installed on the gate sleeve (120), and its output shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to the gate body (110); The controller (280) is used to control the rotation angle and rotation direction of the stepper motor (210), and is fixedly installed on the stepper motor (210) or set independently.

5. A rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The insurance institution (300) includes: The light-blocking plate (230) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor (210), and is arranged in a fan shape, rotating with the rotation of the output shaft of the stepper motor (210); The first photoelectric switch (240) is fixedly installed on the gate sleeve (120) and connected to the first indicator light (260). When the light blocking plate (230) is located inside the first photoelectric switch (240), the light gate (100) is in the open state and the first indicator light (260) lights up. The second photoelectric switch (250) is fixedly installed on the gate sleeve (120) and connected to the second indicator light (270). When the light blocking plate (230) is removed from the first photoelectric switch (240) and enters the second photoelectric switch (250), the light gate (100) is in the closed state and the second indicator light (270) lights up.

6. A rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first indicator light (260) is red, and the second indicator light (270) is green.

7. A rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first photoelectric switch (240) and the second photoelectric switch (250) are both connected in series in the safety circuit of the X-ray emission source. The X-ray emission source is only allowed to be turned on when the light-blocking plate (230) is inside the first photoelectric switch (240) and not inside the second photoelectric switch (250).

8. A rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The safety mechanism (300) includes a positioning block (310), which is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor (210) and is positioned opposite to the light-blocking plate (230). Meanwhile, a limit shaft (350) is fixedly connected to the shutter sleeve (120). The limit shaft (350) extends along the output shaft of the stepper motor (210). When the shutter (100) is closed, the stepper motor (210) drives the light-blocking plate (230) to rotate and completely disengage from the first photoelectric switch (240) and the second photoelectric switch (250). The positioning block (310) abuts against the limit shaft (350).

9. A rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The limiting shaft (350) includes a shock-absorbing sleeve (360) sleeved on the stepper motor (210). When the positioning block (310) abuts against the limiting shaft (350), it contacts the shock-absorbing sleeve (360) to provide cushioning.

10. A rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The safety mechanism (300) includes a reset spring (320) and a positioning post (340). The positioning post (340) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning block (310). One end of the reset spring (320) is fixedly connected to the gate sleeve (120), and the other end is fixedly connected to the positioning post (340). When the shutter (100) is open, the reset spring (320) is in a stretched state. When the shutter (100) opening and closing device is unexpectedly de-energized, the stepper motor (210) loses power, and the reset spring (320) pulls the positioning post (340) to drive the positioning block (310) to rotate and abut against the limit shaft (350), thereby realizing the automatic closing of the shutter (100).

Images