Reversible solid oxide fuel cell voltage regulation test system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pressure regulating test system of a reversible solid oxide fuel cell, which is characterized in that a cabin section pressure stabilizing system is additionally arranged on the basis of a conventional system, the cabin section pressure stabilizing system comprises a cabin section, a pressurizing air inlet flow path, a fuel gas tail gas flow path and an air tail gas flow path, and the fuel gas tail gas flow path is provided with a direct discharge and treatment flow path. The air tail gas flow path is connected with the fuel gas tail gas treatment flow path through a bypass flow path; and a cooler and an electric pile hot box system of the tail gas cooling system are arranged in a cabin section. The cabin section pressure stabilizing system can effectively adjust the pressure in the cabin, ensures the pressure communication between the gas electrode and the air electrode, avoids the pressure difference fluctuation, and protects the battery; air electrode tail gas is firstly exhausted into the cabin and then exhausted, the air electrode tail gas and the cabin share an exhaust pressure regulating facility, and the system cost is reduced; the cooler is arranged in the cabin, the pressure difference between the heat exchange flow path and the cabin section is reduced, and the machining cost of the cooler is reduced; the system is integrated in the cabin section, heat loss is reduced, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the heat preservation problem that a high-temperature pipeline penetrates through the cabin wall is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fuel cell system technology, specifically to a voltage regulation test system for a reversible solid oxide fuel cell. Background Technology

[0002] Reversible solid oxide batteries (R-SOCs) are key energy conversion devices capable of switching between solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and solid oxide fuel electrolyzers (SOECs). In SOFC mode, the chemical energy of fuel can be efficiently converted into electrical and thermal energy; while in SOEC mode, electrical energy can be used to electrolyze water vapor or carbon dioxide into hydrogen or syngas for energy storage. Comprehensive and accurate performance testing of R-SOC batteries is of great significance, as performance data under different pressure conditions can provide crucial information for battery optimization design, material selection, and system integration.

[0003] However, existing testing methods have several technical problems. First, it is difficult to effectively ensure pressure continuity between the gas electrode and the air electrode during current testing. Fluctuations in the pressure difference between the two electrodes during pressurization can damage the battery structure, reduce battery life, and significantly compromise the accuracy and reliability of test data. Second, the exhaust method for the air electrode is inadequate. A separate exhaust system would be structurally complex and increase costs.

[0004] The above problems are worth solving. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problems of existing R-SOC battery testing systems, such as difficulty in ensuring pressure connection between the gas electrode and the air electrode during testing, leading to pressure difference fluctuations between the two electrodes, and unreasonable exhaust methods for the air electrode resulting in complex system structure and increased costs, this invention provides a pressure regulation testing system for reversible solid oxide fuel cells.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A pressure regulation test system for a reversible solid oxide fuel cell includes a stack air and water inlet system, a stack heat box system, an exhaust gas cooling system, and an electrical control system. The system is characterized by further including a compartment pressure stabilization system. The compartment pressure stabilization system includes a compartment and a pressurized inlet flow path, a fuel gas exhaust flow path, and an air exhaust flow path connected to the compartment. The fuel gas exhaust flow path includes a direct exhaust flow path and a processing flow path, and the air exhaust flow path and the fuel gas exhaust processing flow path are connected via a fuel gas exhaust bypass flow path.

[0008] The cooler of the exhaust gas cooling system and the stack heat box system are both located in the compartment. The gas electrode output channel of the battery is connected to the exhaust gas flow path through the gas cooler. The air electrode output channel of the battery is discharged into the compartment after passing through the air cooler, and then discharged through the exhaust air flow path.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the fuel cell stack air and water inlet system includes an air inlet flow path, a fuel gas inlet flow path, a protective gas inlet flow path, and a water inlet flow path. The air inlet flow path includes an air inlet shut-off valve, an air inlet solenoid valve, and an air mass flow controller connected in sequence. The fuel gas inlet flow path includes a fuel gas inlet shut-off valve, a fuel gas inlet solenoid valve, and a fuel gas mass flow controller connected in sequence. The protective gas inlet flow path includes a protective gas inlet shut-off valve, a protective gas inlet solenoid valve, and a protective gas mass flow controller connected in sequence. The water inlet flow path includes a water vapor inlet shut-off valve, a Y-type filter, a feed water pump, a water flow meter, a water inlet solenoid valve, a water inlet check valve, and an evaporator connected in sequence.

[0010] Furthermore, both the protective gas inlet path and the gas inlet path are connected to the gas heater of the fuel cell stack system for inputting protective gas or gas to the gas electrode; the evaporator is connected to the front end of the gas heater to humidify the input gas.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the electric stack heat box system includes a gas heater, an air heater, and a high-temperature furnace. The high-temperature furnace houses an R-SOC battery. Gas heated by the gas heater is input to the gas electrode of the R-SOC battery, and the input channel is equipped with a gas electrode inlet pressure gauge and a gas electrode inlet temperature gauge. The output channel of the gas electrode is equipped with a gas electrode outlet temperature gauge and a gas electrode outlet pressure gauge.

[0012] The gas heated by the air heater is input to the air electrode of the R-SOC battery, and the input channel is equipped with an air electrode inlet pressure gauge and an air electrode inlet temperature gauge; the output channel of the air electrode is equipped with an air electrode outlet temperature gauge and an air electrode outlet pressure gauge.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the exhaust gas cooling system includes a gas cooler, an air cooler, a cold air intake path, and a cold air exhaust path. The cold air intake path and the booster intake path share an intake input end. The output end of the cold air intake path is connected to the gas cooler. The cold air output channel of the gas cooler is connected to the air cooler. The cold air output channel of the air cooler is connected to the cold air exhaust path.

[0014] The cold air intake flow path includes a cold air inlet shut-off valve, a cold air inlet solenoid valve, and a cold air mass flow controller connected in sequence, and the cold air exhaust flow path includes a cold air outlet back pressure valve and a cold air outlet solenoid valve connected in sequence.

[0015] Furthermore, the gas cooler is equipped with a first cooler thermometer on the gas output channel, which is used to detect the temperature of the cooled gas exhaust gas; the air cooler is equipped with a second cooler thermometer on the air output channel, which is used to detect the temperature of the cooled air exhaust gas; and the air cooler is equipped with a third cooler thermometer on the cold air output channel, which is used to detect the temperature of the output cold air.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the booster air intake path includes a booster air inlet shut-off valve, a booster air inlet solenoid valve, and a booster air inlet pressure regulating valve connected in sequence; the air exhaust path includes an air exhaust check valve, an air exhaust back pressure valve, and an air exhaust solenoid valve connected in sequence.

[0017] The direct exhaust path and the processing path of the gas exhaust gas path are connected to the gas output channel of the gas cooler. The direct exhaust path is equipped with a gas exhaust gas direct exhaust valve, and the processing path is equipped with a gas-liquid separator. The gas output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to a gas discharge back pressure valve. The rear end of the gas discharge back pressure valve is simultaneously connected to a gas discharge solenoid valve and a gas exhaust gas measurement bypass. The gas exhaust gas measurement bypass includes a gas exhaust gas drying bypass valve, a drying pipe, a bypass flow meter, and a dew point meter connected in sequence.

[0018] Furthermore, the liquid output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to an automatic drain valve.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the compartment is provided with a compartment pressure relief valve, and is connected to the end of the air exhaust flow path through the compartment pressure relief valve; the gas exhaust bypass flow path is provided with a bypass pressure relief valve, and is connected to the end of the gas exhaust flow path through the bypass pressure relief valve.

[0020] Furthermore, the compartment is equipped with a compartment thermometer and a compartment pressure gauge.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the electrical control system includes an electronic load and a DC power supply, both of which are connected to an R-SOC battery, and one of the electronic load and the DC power supply is selectively activated.

[0022] The advantages of this utility model based on the above solution are as follows:

[0023] The compartment pressure stabilization system of this utility model achieves effective regulation of the pressure in the compartment by connecting the pressurized inlet flow path, the gas exhaust flow path, the air exhaust flow path, and the gas exhaust bypass flow path. During the pressurization process, it can ensure that the gas electrode and the air electrode are connected, avoid pressure difference fluctuations between the two electrodes, and protect the battery body structure.

[0024] The exhaust gas from the air electrode is first discharged inside the compartment and then exits through the exhaust gas path. It shares the exhaust pressure regulation facility with the compartment and is regulated by the same air exhaust back pressure valve, which effectively controls the pressure difference between the air electrode and the compartment, avoids pressure surges, and ensures the stable operation of the test system. At the same time, the exhaust gas from the air electrode and the exhaust gas inside the compartment are controlled in a coordinated manner, which reduces the need to set up a complex exhaust system for the exhaust gas from the air electrode and eliminates the need for additional exhaust gas pressure regulation equipment, thus reducing system costs.

[0025] The exhaust gas cooling system's cooler is located inside the compartment, and the cold air intake path and the booster intake path share the same intake terminal. By adjusting the cold air outlet back pressure valve, the pressure difference between the heat exchange path of the exhaust gas cooler and the compartment can be reduced, thereby reducing the processing difficulty and production cost of the exhaust gas cooler.

[0026] The coolers of the fuel cell stack heat box system and the exhaust gas cooling system are integrated into a closed compartment. The gas heated by the heater is directly delivered to the high-temperature furnace, reducing heat loss and improving energy utilization efficiency. In addition, the pipes entering and exiting the compartment are filled with ambient airflow, avoiding the complex insulation problems caused by high-temperature pipes passing through the bulkhead. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of the front section of the cabin.

[0029] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of the cabin section;

[0030] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of the rear section of the cabin.

[0031] In the diagram,

[0032] 1. Air inlet shut-off valve; 2. Air inlet solenoid valve; 3. Air mass flow controller;

[0033] 4. Gas inlet shut-off valve; 5. Gas inlet solenoid valve; 6. Gas mass flow controller;

[0034] 7. Protective gas inlet shut-off valve; 8. Protective gas inlet solenoid valve; 9. Protective gas mass flow controller;

[0035] 10. Water vapor inlet shut-off valve; 11. Y-type filter; 12. Feed water pump; 13. Water flow meter; 14. Inlet solenoid valve; 15. Inlet check valve; 16. Evaporator;

[0036] 17. Compartment; 18. Gas heater; 19. Air heater; 20. High-temperature furnace; 21. Gas electrode inlet pressure gauge; 22. Gas electrode inlet temperature gauge; 23. Air electrode inlet pressure gauge; 24. Air electrode inlet temperature gauge; 25. Gas electrode outlet temperature gauge; 26. Gas electrode outlet pressure gauge; 27. Air electrode outlet temperature gauge; 28. Air electrode outlet pressure gauge; 29. ​​Gas cooler; 30. Air cooler; 31. First cooler temperature gauge; 32. Second cooler temperature gauge; 33. Third cooler temperature gauge;

[0037] 34. Cold air inlet shut-off valve; 35. Cold air inlet solenoid valve; 36. Cold air mass flow controller;

[0038] 37. Booster gas inlet shut-off valve; 38. Booster gas inlet solenoid valve; 39. Booster gas inlet pressure regulating valve;

[0039] 40. Cold air outlet back pressure valve; 41. Cold air outlet solenoid valve; 42. Air exhaust check valve; 43. Air exhaust back pressure valve; 44. Air exhaust solenoid valve;

[0040] 45. Section pressure relief valve; 46. Section thermometer; 47. Section pressure gauge; 48. Gas-liquid separator; 49. Automatic drain valve;

[0041] 50. Gas exhaust back pressure valve; 51. Gas exhaust solenoid valve; 52. Gas exhaust drying bypass valve; 53. Drying pipe; 54. Bypass flow meter; 55. Dew point meter; 56. Gas exhaust direct discharge valve; 57. Bypass pressure relief valve; 58. Gas exhaust bypass valve; 59. Electronic load; 60. DC power supply. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To better understand the purpose, technical solution, and technical effects of this utility model, the following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, will provide further explanation. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need further definition and explanation in subsequent drawings. It is also stated that the embodiments described below are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit it.

[0043] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component.

[0044] The orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of technical features.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a pressure regulation test system for a reversible solid oxide fuel cell includes a stack air and water inlet system, a stack heat box system, an exhaust gas cooling system, and a compartment pressure stabilization system.

[0046] The fuel cell stack air and water intake system includes an air intake path, a fuel gas intake path, a protective gas intake path, and a water intake path. The air intake path includes an air inlet shut-off valve 1, an air inlet solenoid valve 2, and an air mass flow controller 3 connected in sequence. The air inlet shut-off valve 1 is used to cut off the air supply during system maintenance, repair, or emergency situations to ensure system safety. The air inlet solenoid valve 2 can quickly open and close the air path according to test requirements and control commands, accurately controlling the air flow. The air mass flow controller 3 can accurately adjust the air flow entering the system to ensure that a suitable and stable amount of air is provided to the air electrode of the fuel cell under different test conditions.

[0047] The gas inlet flow path includes a gas inlet shut-off valve 4, a gas inlet solenoid valve 5, and a gas mass flow controller 6 connected in sequence. The gas inlet shut-off valve 4 is used to cut off the gas supply and prevent safety issues such as gas leakage. The gas inlet solenoid valve 5 controls the inlet and outlet of the gas and quickly opens or closes the gas passage according to different modes and stages during the test. The gas mass flow controller 6 precisely controls the gas flow rate to ensure a stable gas supply to the gas electrode of the fuel cell that meets the reaction requirements.

[0048] The protective gas inlet flow path includes a protective gas inlet shut-off valve 7, a protective gas inlet solenoid valve 8, and a protective gas mass flow controller 9 connected in sequence. During the initial pressurization phase of the test system in high-pressure mode, the protective gas enters the gas electrode through this flow path. The protective gas inlet shut-off valve 7 controls the main switch of the protective gas, ensuring complete cutoff of the airflow during non-pressurization phases or when protective gas is not needed. The protective gas inlet solenoid valve 8 enables rapid on / off control of the protective gas. The protective gas mass flow controller 9 precisely regulates the protective gas flow rate, ensuring it enters the gas electrode at a stable rated flow rate, preventing the gas electrode material from chemically reacting with air when no gas is introduced, thereby protecting the gas electrode and extending the battery's lifespan.

[0049] The water inlet path includes a water vapor inlet shut-off valve 10, a Y-type filter 11, a feed water pump 12, a water flow meter 13, a water inlet solenoid valve 14, a water inlet check valve 15, and an evaporator 16 connected in sequence. The water vapor inlet shut-off valve 10 is used to cut off the water input; the Y-type filter 11 is used to filter impurities in the water to prevent impurities from entering the system and clogging the pipes or affecting the battery reaction; the feed water pump 12 provides power to deliver water to subsequent equipment; the water flow meter 13 measures the water flow rate to accurately control the humidification water volume; the water inlet solenoid valve 14 adjusts the water flow rate and on / off according to the system control signal; the water inlet check valve 15 prevents water backflow and ensures that the water flows in the specified direction; the evaporator 16 heats and evaporates the water, so that the water vapor is fully mixed with the fuel gas before entering the fuel cell to maintain the water and heat balance inside the stack.

[0050] Both the protective gas inlet path and the gas inlet path are connected to the gas heater 18 of the fuel cell stack heating box system. The protective gas inlet path is used to input protective gas to the gas electrode, and the gas inlet path is used to input gas to the gas electrode. The evaporator 16 is connected to the front end of the gas heater 18 to humidify the input gas.

[0051] The fuel cell stack thermal box system includes a gas heater 18, an air heater 19, and a high-temperature furnace 20. The high-temperature furnace 20 houses the R-SOC battery. Gas heated by the gas heater 18 is input to the gas electrode of the R-SOC battery, and the input channel is equipped with a gas electrode inlet pressure gauge 21 and a gas electrode inlet temperature gauge 22; the output channel of the gas electrode is equipped with a gas electrode outlet temperature gauge 25 and a gas electrode outlet pressure gauge 26. Gas heated by the air heater 19 is input to the air electrode of the R-SOC battery, and the input channel is equipped with an air electrode inlet pressure gauge 23 and an air electrode inlet temperature gauge 24; the output channel of the air electrode is equipped with an air electrode outlet temperature gauge 27 and an air electrode outlet pressure gauge 28. The inlet thermometers at both electrodes measure the temperature of the gas and air entering the battery, ensuring that the gas participates in the reaction at the appropriate temperature. Thermometers at the outlets of the two electrodes can measure the temperature of the gas and air discharged from the battery. The gas outlet thermometer 25 reflects the heat release and gas energy changes of the battery reaction, determining whether the reaction is complete. The air outlet thermometer 27 analyzes the heat changes and heat exchange of the oxidation reaction, evaluating the battery's thermal management performance. Pressure gauges at the inlet and outlet of each electrode can measure the input pressure to monitor whether the gas pressure input is normal, and can also measure the pressure difference between the output and input, analyzing the reaction state within the battery and the gas flow resistance.

[0052] The gas heater 18 and air heater 19 are key devices in the fuel cell stack thermal box system for preheating the reaction gases. The gas heater 18 heats the input gas to a suitable temperature to meet the temperature requirements of the R-SOC battery during the chemical reaction, helping to improve the reactivity of the gas in the reaction, accelerate the reaction rate, and enhance battery performance and energy conversion efficiency. Similarly, the air heater 19 heats the incoming air, ensuring that the air enters the battery's air electrode at a suitable temperature, promoting efficient oxidation reactions.

[0053] The exhaust gas cooling system includes a gas cooler 29, an air cooler 30, a cold air intake path, and a cold air exhaust path. The gas cooler 29 and the air cooler 30 are located inside the compartment 17. The cold air intake path and the pressurized intake path share a common intake input end. The output end of the cold air intake path is connected to the gas cooler 29. The cold air output channel of the gas cooler 29 is connected to the air cooler 30. The cold air output channel of the air cooler 30 is connected to the cold air exhaust path. The cold air intake path includes a cold air inlet shut-off valve 34, a cold air inlet solenoid valve 35, and a cold air mass flow controller 36 connected in sequence. The cold air exhaust path includes a cold air outlet back pressure valve 40 and a cold air outlet solenoid valve 41 connected in sequence. When the cooling air flow path (i.e. the cold air flow path of the exhaust gas cooling system) needs to be pressurized, the opening of the cold air outlet back pressure valve 40 can be reduced to obstruct the discharge of cold air, thereby increasing the pressure in the flow path. This helps to reduce the pressure difference between the heat exchange flow path of the exhaust gas cooler and the compartment 17, and reduces the processing difficulty and production cost of the exhaust gas cooler.

[0054] The gas cooler 29 and air cooler 30 are connected in series, meaning that the cooling gas first enters the gas cooler 29 to cool the exhaust gas and absorb heat before entering the air cooler 30 to continue cooling the exhaust gas. In this process, the cooling gas flows through the two coolers sequentially, forming a continuous cooling path. The cooling gas passes through two areas requiring cooling, carrying away heat from one area and then using some residual heat to cool the other. This series structure fully utilizes the cooling capacity of the gas. Although the temperature of the cooling gas increases after absorbing heat in the gas cooler 29, it still retains some cooling capacity and can continue to be used to cool the exhaust gas, thus making more efficient use of the cooling gas.

[0055] The series-connected cooling system is relatively simple in design and layout. By adjusting the total flow rate of the cooling gas, the cooling effect of both the combustion gas and air gas exhaust can be controlled simultaneously. During system operation, the cooling capacity of the entire cooling system can be changed simply by adjusting the cold gas mass flow controller 36 at the cooling gas inlet, making operation more convenient and faster, and facilitating the realization of automated system control.

[0056] The gas cooler 29 is equipped with a first cooler thermometer 31 on its gas output channel, which is used to detect the temperature of the cooled gas exhaust gas; the air cooler 30 is equipped with a second cooler thermometer 32 on its air output channel, which is used to detect the temperature of the cooled air exhaust gas; and the air cooler 30 is equipped with a third cooler thermometer 33 on its cold air output channel, which is used to detect the temperature of the output cold air.

[0057] The compartment pressure stabilization system includes compartment 17 and a pressurized inlet flow path, a gas exhaust flow path, and an air exhaust flow path connected to compartment 17. The gas exhaust flow path includes a direct exhaust path and a processing path, and the air exhaust flow path and the gas exhaust processing path are connected through a gas exhaust bypass path. The pressurized inlet flow path includes a pressurized gas inlet shut-off valve 37, a pressurized gas inlet solenoid valve 38, and a pressurized gas inlet pressure regulating valve 39 connected in sequence. While achieving pressure regulation within compartment 17, the pressurized inlet flow path also helps cool the equipment within the compartment and regulate the ambient temperature, preventing heat accumulation within compartment 17 and overheating of the compartment walls. The air exhaust flow path includes an air exhaust check valve 42, an air exhaust back pressure valve 43, and an air exhaust solenoid valve 44 connected in sequence.

[0058] The compartment pressure stabilization system is equipped with a compartment pressure relief valve 45 and a bypass pressure relief valve 57. When the compartment pressure gauge 47 detects that the pressure exceeds the set threshold, the pressure relief valve automatically opens to quickly reduce the pressure.

[0059] The exhaust port for the air electrode exhaust gas is located within compartment 17, allowing the exhaust gas from the air electrode to be first discharged inside compartment 17 before being discharged through the air exhaust pipe of compartment 17. This achieves coordinated control of the exhaust gas discharge from the air electrode and the exhaust gas discharge from the air inside compartment 17. Since the air electrode exhaust gas is directly discharged into compartment 17, it shares the same air exhaust back pressure valve 43 for pressure regulation with the pressurized intake airflow path within compartment 17. This effectively controls the pressure difference between the air electrode and compartment 17, preventing pressure surges to the battery and other equipment within compartment 17 due to excessive pressure differences. This reduces the risk of equipment damage, extends equipment lifespan, and ensures the stable operation of the testing system. Furthermore, this structural design reduces the need for a separate, complex exhaust system for the air electrode exhaust gas, eliminating the need for additional dedicated exhaust gas pressure regulation equipment. By sharing the exhaust pressure regulation facility with compartment 17, the system structure is simplified, and costs are reduced.

[0060] Section 17 is a closed chamber housing a high-temperature furnace 20, a heater for heating the gas, and a cooler for cooling the exhaust gas. A reversible solid oxide fuel cell (R-SOC battery) is placed inside the high-temperature furnace 20. Integrating the high-temperature furnace 20, heater, and cooler within the closed section 17 forms a highly efficient thermal circulation system. On one hand, the heater heats the incoming gas and directly delivers it to the high-temperature furnace 20, reducing heat loss during transmission and improving energy efficiency. On the other hand, the cooler cools the exhaust gas, and some of the recovered heat can be used to preheat the intake gas or maintain a suitable temperature within the chamber, achieving effective heat utilization and balanced management, and reducing the overall energy consumption of the system. Since the pipes entering and exiting section 17 contain ambient temperature airflow, the complex insulation problems caused by high-temperature pipes passing through the chamber walls are avoided. Compared to designs with exposed high-temperature pipes, the section layout of this invention significantly reduces the cost and technical difficulty of pipe insulation, and reduces heat loss and energy waste caused by inadequate insulation measures.

[0061] Section 17 is equipped with a section thermometer 46 and a section pressure gauge 47. The section thermometer 46 monitors the temperature inside section 17 in real time to ensure that the temperature inside section 17 is within the suitable range for normal operation of the equipment. By monitoring the temperature change trend, it can help determine the heat transfer during the battery reaction process and the thermal stability of the entire system. The section pressure gauge 47 measures the pressure inside section 17 in real time, which helps to analyze the pressure balance of the entire test system.

[0062] The direct exhaust path and the processing path of the gas exhaust gas path are connected to the gas output channel of the gas cooler 29. The direct exhaust path is equipped with a gas exhaust direct exhaust valve 56, and the processing path is equipped with a gas-liquid separator 48. The gas output end of the gas-liquid separator 48 is connected to a gas discharge back pressure valve 50, and the liquid output end of the gas-liquid separator 48 is connected to an automatic drain valve 49. The rear end of the gas discharge back pressure valve 50 is simultaneously connected to a gas discharge solenoid valve 51 and a gas exhaust gas measurement bypass. The gas exhaust gas measurement bypass includes a gas exhaust gas drying bypass valve 52, a drying pipe 53, a bypass flow meter 54, and a dew point meter 55 connected in sequence.

[0063] The electrical control system includes an electronic load 59 and a DC power supply 60, both of which are connected to the R-SOC battery. Either the electronic load 59 or the DC power supply 60 can be selectively activated. Specifically, when the R-SOC battery is in SOFC mode, the electronic load 59 is activated; when the R-SOC battery is in SOEC mode, the DC power supply 60 is activated.

[0064] To better understand this invention, the following provides a method for operating a pressure regulation test system for a reversible solid oxide fuel cell, including the following steps:

[0065] Select the normal pressure mode or high pressure mode according to the test requirements, and choose to run the SOFC mode or SOEC mode. The SOFC mode is a power generation process that directly converts the chemical energy of fuel into electrical and thermal energy, while the SOEC mode is an energy storage process that uses electrical energy to electrolyze water vapor or carbon dioxide into hydrogen or syngas.

[0066] When the atmospheric pressure SOFC mode is selected, proceed to step A; when the atmospheric pressure SOEC mode is selected, proceed to step B; when the high pressure SOFC mode is selected, first proceed to step C, then proceed to the high pressure SOFC mode; when the high pressure SOEC mode is selected, first proceed to step C, then proceed to the high pressure SOEC mode.

[0067] Step A: The operation of SOFC mode under atmospheric pressure includes introducing and heating gas into the air electrode and the fuel gas electrode, controlling the power output through electronic load 59, and directly discharging the exhaust gas after cooling. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0068] Step 101: Start the exhaust gas cooling system and check that it is in normal working condition; the exhaust gas cooling system cools the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber and the exhaust gas from the air chamber.

[0069] Specifically, the cold air inlet shut-off valve 34, the cold air inlet solenoid valve 35, and the cold air mass flow controller 36 are opened to introduce cooling gas into the gas cooler 29 and the air cooler 30; the temperature of the gas exhaust gas and the air exhaust gas after cooling is monitored by the first cooler thermometer 31 and the second cooler thermometer 32, and the temperature of the gas delivered by the air cooler 30 to the cold air outlet of the compartment 17 is monitored by the third cooler thermometer 33 to ensure the cooling effect and prevent the high temperature exhaust gas from affecting the normal operation of other parts of the system.

[0070] Step 102: Activate the air exhaust direct discharge path and the gas exhaust direct discharge path;

[0071] Specifically, open the gas exhaust valve 56 and the air discharge solenoid valve 44, and close the gas exhaust bypass valve 58.

[0072] Step 103: Start the gas electrode inlet flow path and the air electrode inlet flow path, and introduce gas into the gas electrode and air into the air electrode;

[0073] Specifically, open the gas inlet shut-off valve 4, the gas inlet solenoid valve 5, and the gas mass flow controller 6 to introduce hydrogen into the gas electrode; open the air inlet shut-off valve 1, the air inlet solenoid valve 2, and the air mass flow controller 3 to introduce air into the air electrode.

[0074] Step 104: Start the gas heater 18 on the gas inlet airflow path and the air heater 19 on the air inlet airflow path. By adjusting the heating power of the gas heater 18 and the air heater 19, heat the input gas and air respectively to raise the gas and air to a suitable temperature. Also, start the heating function of the high-temperature furnace 20 to provide the required temperature environment for the R-SOC battery in the high-temperature furnace 20.

[0075] Step 105: Start the water inlet flow path to humidify the gas, and use the evaporator 16 to mix water vapor with the gas;

[0076] Specifically, the water vapor inlet shut-off valve 10 and the water inlet solenoid valve 14 are opened. Water is then filtered through the Y-type filter 11 by the water pump 12 and sent to the water flow meter 13 to measure the flow rate. The water then enters the evaporator 16 to heat and evaporate it. Water vapor is then introduced into the gas electrode to ensure the water and heat balance inside the fuel cell stack.

[0077] Step 106: When the fuel cell stack (i.e., the R-SOC battery) heats up to the target operating temperature, the electronic load 59 is activated to control the power load and power consumption of the R-SOC battery. The operating temperature and pressure of the fuel cell stack are monitored in real time using pressure gauges and thermometers at the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack's gas electrode and air electrode. Specifically, the pressure gauges and thermometers include: fuel cell electrode inlet pressure gauge 21, fuel cell electrode inlet temperature gauge 22, fuel cell electrode outlet pressure gauge 26, fuel cell electrode outlet temperature gauge 25, air electrode inlet pressure gauge 23, air electrode inlet temperature gauge 24, air electrode outlet pressure gauge 28, and air electrode outlet temperature gauge 27.

[0078] Through steps 101 to 106 above, the performance test of the R-SOC battery in SOFC mode under normal pressure mode can be completed, and the battery's power generation, current, voltage and other performance data in this mode, as well as the temperature and pressure changes during the operation of the stack, can be obtained, providing data support for the study of the battery's performance in SOFC mode under normal pressure.

[0079] Step B, the operation of SOEC mode under atmospheric pressure includes introducing gas into the air electrode and the gas electrode and heating it, controlling the electrolysis power through a DC power supply 60, and measuring the yield after the gas exhaust gas is cooled, separated into gas and liquid, and dried; specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0080] Step 201: Start the exhaust gas cooling system and check that it is in normal working condition; the exhaust gas cooling system cools the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber and the exhaust gas from the air chamber.

[0081] Specifically, the cold air inlet shut-off valve 34, the cold air inlet solenoid valve 35, and the cold air mass flow controller 36 are opened to introduce cooling gas into the gas cooler 29 and the air cooler 30. The temperature of the cooled gas exhaust gas and air exhaust gas is monitored by the first cooler thermometer 31 and the second cooler thermometer 32, and the temperature of the gas delivered by the air cooler 30 to the cold air outlet of the compartment 17 is monitored by the third cooler thermometer 33. This ensures that the temperature of the cooled gas exhaust gas and air exhaust gas remains within the allowable range, and avoids damage to subsequent equipment or impact on measurement accuracy caused by high-temperature exhaust gas.

[0082] Step 202: Start the air exhaust direct discharge path and the gas electrode exhaust treatment pipeline; the gas electrode exhaust treatment pipeline is equipped with a gas-liquid separator 48, a drying pipe 53, a flow meter, and a dew point meter 55. The gas-liquid separator 48 is used to separate liquid water in the gas exhaust and discharge the liquid water through an automatic drain valve 49 to avoid the liquid water affecting subsequent measurements and equipment; the drying pipe 53 is used to further remove residual moisture in the gas exhaust to ensure that the gas entering the flow meter and dew point meter 55 is in a dry state, thereby improving measurement accuracy; the dew point meter 55 is used to measure the dew point temperature of the dried gas exhaust and calculate the water content in the gas based on the dew point temperature, thereby relatively accurately calculating the gas output of the R-SOC battery under electrolysis conditions; when the dew point temperature deviates from the set range, the system automatically adjusts the flow rate of the water pump 12 and increases or decreases the humidification through the evaporator 16 to ensure the internal water and heat balance of the stack and improve electrolysis efficiency.

[0083] Specifically, the gas discharge back pressure valve 50 is kept fully open, the gas discharge solenoid valve 51, the gas exhaust direct discharge valve 56, and the gas exhaust bypass valve 58 are closed, and the gas exhaust drying bypass valve 52 and the cold air outlet solenoid valve 41 are opened. The cooled air exhaust is discharged directly through the cold air outlet solenoid valve 41; the cooled gas exhaust first enters the gas-liquid separator 48, which uses gravity and centrifugal force to separate the liquid water from the gas exhaust, and the liquid water is discharged through the automatic drain valve 49. The separated gas exhaust then enters the drying pipe 53, which is filled with a desiccant, such as silica gel, to further remove moisture from the gas exhaust, making the gas dry. The dried gas enters the bypass flow meter 54 to measure the flow rate, and then the dew point temperature is measured by the dew point meter 55, thereby relatively accurately calculating the gas production of the R-SOC battery under electrolysis conditions.

[0084] Step 203: Start the gas electrode inlet flow path and the air electrode inlet flow path, and introduce gas into the gas electrode and air into the air electrode;

[0085] Specifically, open the gas inlet shut-off valve 4, the gas inlet solenoid valve 5, and the gas mass flow controller 6 to introduce hydrogen into the gas electrode; open the air inlet shut-off valve 1, the air inlet solenoid valve 2, and the air mass flow controller 3 to introduce air into the air electrode.

[0086] Step 204: Start the gas heater 18 on the gas inlet airflow path and the air heater 19 on the air inlet airflow path to heat the input gas and air respectively; and start the heating function of the high-temperature furnace 20 to provide the required temperature environment for the R-SOC battery in the high-temperature furnace 20.

[0087] Step 205: Start the water inlet flow path to humidify the fuel gas, and use the evaporator 16 to mix water vapor with the fuel gas; water vapor participates in the electrolysis reaction, and an appropriate amount of water vapor can promote the reaction and improve the electrolysis efficiency.

[0088] Specifically, the water vapor inlet shut-off valve 10 and the water inlet solenoid valve 14 are opened. Water is then filtered through the Y-type filter 11 by the water pump 12 and sent to the water flow meter 13 to measure the flow rate. The water then enters the evaporator 16 to heat and evaporate it. Water vapor is then introduced into the gas electrode to ensure that the water vapor and gas are fully mixed before entering the fuel cell stack. This ensures the internal water and heat balance of the fuel cell stack, improves the efficiency of the electrolysis reaction, and prevents the fuel cell stack from being damaged due to lack of water.

[0089] Step 206: When the stack heats up to the target operating temperature, start the DC power supply 60 to control the electrolysis power of the R-SOC battery, and monitor the operating temperature and pressure of the stack in real time through pressure gauges and thermometers at the inlet and outlet of the stack gas electrode and the inlet and outlet of the stack air electrode.

[0090] Through steps 201 to 206 above, the performance test of the R-SOC battery in SOEC mode under normal pressure can be completed, and the performance data of the battery in this mode, such as electrolysis power, gas production, current, and voltage, as well as the temperature and pressure changes during the operation of the stack, can be obtained, providing data support for the study of the battery performance in SOEC mode under normal pressure.

[0091] Step C: In high-pressure mode, the system first enters the pressurization stage. This stage includes closing the direct exhaust path of the gas exhaust gas, connecting the front ends of the gas exhaust back pressure valve 50 and the air exhaust back pressure valve 43 via a bypass branch, thus linking the pressure values ​​of the gas exhaust back pressure valve 50 and the air exhaust back pressure valve 43 to ensure pressure connection between the gas and air electrodes and prevent pressure fluctuations between the two electrodes. Protective gas is introduced into the gas electrode, and air is introduced into the air electrode and compartment 17 for synchronous pressurization. The pressurization process is controlled by the linkage adjustment of the gas exhaust back pressure valve 50, the air exhaust back pressure valve 43, and the cold air outlet back pressure valve 40, maintaining stable pressurization of the test system. After pressurization is complete, the gas electrode switches to gas supply and the bypass branch closes, entering SOFC or SOEC mode. Therefore, in the initial stage of the pressurization phase in high-pressure mode, protective gas is introduced into the gas electrode, and after the system pressure stabilizes, it switches to gas. Specifically, step C includes the following steps:

[0092] Step 301: Activate the flow path of the air discharge back pressure valve 43 and the flow path of the gas discharge back pressure valve 50, and open the bypass branch to connect the front end of the gas discharge back pressure valve 50 with the front end of the air discharge back pressure valve 43, so that the pressure values ​​of the gas discharge back pressure valve 50 and the air discharge back pressure valve 43 are linked, ensuring that the gas electrode and the air electrode are pressure connected, avoiding excessive pressure difference between the two electrodes during the pressurization process, thereby protecting the battery body structure; while opening the bypass branch, close the gas exhaust valve 56, the gas exhaust drying bypass valve 52 and the gas exhaust bypass valve 58 to prevent abnormal gas emission from affecting the stability of the system pressure.

[0093] Step 302: Start the protective gas inlet flow path and the air electrode inlet flow path, and introduce protective gas into the gas electrode and air into the air electrode; the protective gas is usually an inert gas, such as argon, and its function is to protect the gas electrode from oxidation when no gas is introduced in the early stage of pressurization, and to avoid chemical reaction between the gas electrode material and air, which would affect the battery performance and life.

[0094] Specifically, the protective gas inlet shut-off valve 7, the protective gas inlet solenoid valve 8, and the protective gas mass flow controller 9 are opened to introduce a rated flow of protective gas into the gas electrode; simultaneously, the air inlet shut-off valve 1, the air inlet solenoid valve 2, and the air mass flow controller 3 are opened to introduce a rated flow of air into the air electrode. During the gas introduction process, the gas flow rate is precisely adjusted by the mass flow controller to ensure that the flow rates of the protective gas and air are stable and meet the pressurization requirements. At the same time, the pressure and temperature of the intake air are monitored using a pressure gauge and a thermometer to ensure stable intake conditions.

[0095] Step 303: Start the exhaust gas cooling system and check that it is in normal working condition; cool the exhaust gas of the combustion gas electrode and the exhaust gas of the air electrode through the exhaust gas cooling system; the specific operation is the same as step 101 in step A, and will not be repeated here.

[0096] Step 304: Activate the pressurized air intake path of compartment 17, introducing air into compartment 17 to increase the internal pressure. Specifically, open the pressurized air inlet shut-off valve 37, the pressurized air inlet solenoid valve 38, and the pressurized air inlet pressure regulating valve 39 to introduce a certain flow rate of air into compartment 17. During the pressurization process, the coordinated regulation of the gas exhaust back pressure valve 50, the air exhaust back pressure valve 43, and the cold air outlet back pressure valve 40 controls the exhaust pressure of the gas exhaust, the exhaust pressure of the air exhaust, and the exhaust pressure of the cold air. By adjusting the opening of these three back pressure valves, the resistance of each flow path is adjusted in real time based on system pressure feedback, thereby achieving precise control of the gas exhaust pressure of each flow path. For example, when the system pressure increases too rapidly, the back pressure valve opening is appropriately increased to increase gas discharge and reduce the pressure increase rate; when the system pressure increases too slowly, the back pressure valve opening is decreased to reduce gas discharge and accelerate the pressure increase rate, thereby maintaining stable system pressurization, i.e., a stable pressure increase rate without sudden changes, and steadily increasing the pressure to the set target pressure value. During pressurization, pressure data from compartment pressure gauge 47, gas electrode inlet pressure gauge 21, and air electrode inlet pressure gauge 23, as well as temperature data from compartment thermometer 46, gas electrode inlet thermometer 22, and air electrode inlet thermometer 24, are continuously monitored to ensure that all parts of the system are in normal condition.

[0097] Step 305: After the fuel cell stack test environment pressure reaches the target pressure value, close the protective gas inlet flow path and start the gas electrode inlet flow path to switch to gas input to the gas electrode; the specific operation is to close the protective gas inlet shut-off valve 7, the protective gas inlet solenoid valve 8, and the protective gas mass flow controller 9, open the gas inlet shut-off valve 4, the gas inlet solenoid valve 5, and the gas mass flow controller 6, and introduce the rated flow of gas into the gas electrode.

[0098] Step 306: Start the gas heater 18 on the gas inlet airflow path and the air heater 19 on the air inlet airflow path to heat the input gas and air respectively; and start the heating function of the high-temperature furnace 20 to provide the required temperature environment for the R-SOC battery in the high-temperature furnace 20.

[0099] Step 307: Start the water inlet flow path to humidify the gas, and use the evaporator 16 to mix water vapor with the gas;

[0100] Step 308: Close the bypass branch and disconnect the gas exhaust back pressure valve 50 from the air exhaust back pressure valve 43; then execute step 3081 to enter the high-pressure SOFC mode, or execute step 3082 to enter the high-pressure SOEC mode.

[0101] Step 3081: When the stack heats up to the target operating temperature, start the electronic load 59 to control the power load and power consumption of the R-SOC battery, and monitor the operating temperature and pressure of the stack in real time through the inlet and outlet gas pressure gauges, inlet and outlet gas thermometers of the stack gas electrode, and the inlet and outlet gas pressure gauges, inlet and outlet gas thermometers of the stack air electrode.

[0102] Step 3082: When the stack heats up to the target operating temperature, start the DC power supply 60 to control the electrolysis power of the R-SOC battery, and monitor the operating temperature and pressure of the stack in real time through pressure gauges and thermometers at the inlet and outlet of the stack gas electrode and the inlet and outlet of the stack air electrode.

[0103] After completing the SOFC or SOEC test under high-pressure conditions, the voltage reduction phase is required. The voltage reduction phase includes the following steps:

[0104] Step 401: Open the bypass branch and stop heating;

[0105] Open the gas exhaust bypass valve 58 to connect the front end of the gas exhaust back pressure valve 50 with the front end of the air exhaust back pressure valve 43, achieving pressure linkage between the gas electrode and the air electrode, so that the pressure of the two electrodes changes synchronously, avoiding excessive pressure difference between the two electrodes during the pressure reduction process; close the water vapor inlet shut-off valve 10 and the water inlet solenoid valve 14, stop the operation of the water pump 12, and close the water flow meter 13 to stop the humidification operation of the gas inlet flow path; at the same time, adjust the heating power of the gas heater 18, the air heater 19, and the high-temperature furnace 20, gradually reducing the heating power to achieve stable cooling of the R-SOC battery to room temperature. During the cooling process, monitor the temperature change of the battery stack in real time through thermometers at the inlet and outlet of the gas electrode and the inlet and outlet of the air electrode to ensure that the cooling rate meets the equipment requirements and avoid damage to the battery due to excessively rapid cooling.

[0106] Step 402: Cut off the gas supply;

[0107] Close the air inlet solenoid valve 2 and the air mass flow controller 3 to reduce the air flow to the air electrode of the R-SOC battery to 0; close the gas inlet solenoid valve 5 and the gas mass flow controller 6 to reduce the gas flow to the gas electrode of the R-SOC battery to 0. Simultaneously, close the protective gas inlet shut-off valve 7, the protective gas inlet solenoid valve 8, and the protective gas mass flow controller 9 (if the protective gas inlet flow path is open) to prevent further gas entry into the system. During the gas supply cut-off process, closely monitor the pressure changes of gauges such as the fuel cell stack gas electrode inlet pressure gauge 21 and the air electrode inlet pressure gauge 23 to ensure a smooth gas cut-off operation without causing drastic pressure fluctuations.

[0108] Step 403: Stop the section pressurization intake;

[0109] By closing the pressurized air inlet shut-off valve 37, the pressurized air inlet solenoid valve 38, and the pressurized air inlet pressure regulating valve 39, the air flow into compartment 17 is reduced to zero, thus stopping the pressurization operation of compartment 17. At this time, the pressure inside compartment 17 will begin to gradually decrease, and the pressure change inside compartment 17 will be monitored in real time by the compartment pressure gauge 47.

[0110] Step 404: Control the pressure reduction process;

[0111] The system achieves stable pressure reduction by interlocking the pressure values ​​in the cold air intake path, air electrode path, and gas electrode path of the R-SOC battery through the cold air outlet back pressure valve 40, air exhaust back pressure valve 43, gas exhaust back pressure valve 50, and the opened gas exhaust bypass valve 58. In specific operation, based on system pressure feedback, the openings of the cold air outlet back pressure valve 40, air exhaust back pressure valve 43, and gas exhaust back pressure valve 50 are gradually increased, allowing gas to slowly escape from each path. Continuous monitoring of various pressure gauge values, including the gas electrode inlet pressure gauge 21, air electrode inlet pressure gauge 23, and compartment pressure gauge 47, ensures that the system pressure drops smoothly to atmospheric pressure, controls the pressure drop rate to be stable, and avoids sudden pressure changes that could damage the battery and system equipment.

[0112] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0113] The above embodiments only illustrate several implementation methods of this utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A pressure regulation testing system for a reversible solid oxide fuel cell, comprising a stack air and water inlet system, a stack heat box system, an exhaust gas cooling system, and an electrical control system, characterized in that, It also includes a compartment pressure stabilization system, which includes a compartment and a pressurized inlet flow path, a gas exhaust flow path and an air exhaust flow path connected to the compartment. The gas exhaust flow path includes a direct exhaust flow path and a treatment flow path, and the air exhaust flow path and the gas exhaust treatment flow path are connected through a gas exhaust bypass flow path. The cooler of the exhaust gas cooling system and the stack heat box system are both located in the compartment. The gas electrode output channel of the battery is connected to the exhaust gas flow path through the gas cooler. The air electrode output channel of the battery is discharged into the compartment after passing through the air cooler, and then discharged through the exhaust air flow path.

2. The voltage regulation test system for reversible solid oxide fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell stack air and water intake system includes an air intake path, a fuel gas intake path, a protective gas intake path, and a water intake path. The air intake path includes an air inlet shut-off valve, an air inlet solenoid valve, and an air mass flow controller connected in sequence. The fuel gas intake path includes a fuel gas inlet shut-off valve, a fuel gas inlet solenoid valve, and a fuel gas mass flow controller connected in sequence. The protective gas intake path includes a protective gas inlet shut-off valve, a protective gas inlet solenoid valve, and a protective gas mass flow controller connected in sequence. The water intake path includes a water vapor inlet shut-off valve, a Y-type filter, a feed water pump, a water flow meter, a water inlet solenoid valve, a water inlet check valve, and an evaporator connected in sequence.

3. The voltage regulation test system for reversible solid oxide fuel cells according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the protective gas inlet path and the gas inlet path are connected to the gas heater of the fuel cell stack system for inputting protective gas or gas to the gas electrode; the evaporator is connected to the front end of the gas heater to humidify the input gas.

4. The voltage regulation test system for a reversible solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell stack thermal box system includes a gas heater, an air heater, and a high-temperature furnace. The high-temperature furnace houses an R-SOC battery. Gas heated by the gas heater is input to the gas electrode of the R-SOC battery, and the input channel is equipped with a gas electrode inlet pressure gauge and a gas electrode inlet temperature gauge. The output channel of the gas electrode is equipped with a gas electrode outlet temperature gauge and a gas electrode outlet pressure gauge. The gas heated by the air heater is input to the air electrode of the R-SOC battery, and the input channel is equipped with an air electrode inlet pressure gauge and an air electrode inlet temperature gauge; the output channel of the air electrode is equipped with an air electrode outlet temperature gauge and an air electrode outlet pressure gauge.

5. The voltage regulation test system for a reversible solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust gas cooling system includes a gas cooler, an air cooler, a cold air intake path, and a cold air exhaust path. The cold air intake path and the booster intake path share an intake input end. The output end of the cold air intake path is connected to the gas cooler. The cold air output channel of the gas cooler is connected to the air cooler. The cold air output channel of the air cooler is connected to the cold air exhaust path. The cold air intake flow path includes a cold air inlet shut-off valve, a cold air inlet solenoid valve, and a cold air mass flow controller connected in sequence, and the cold air exhaust flow path includes a cold air outlet back pressure valve and a cold air outlet solenoid valve connected in sequence.

6. The voltage regulation test system for a reversible solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gas cooler is equipped with a first cooler thermometer on its gas output channel, which is used to detect the temperature of the cooled gas exhaust gas; the air cooler is equipped with a second cooler thermometer on its air output channel, which is used to detect the temperature of the cooled air exhaust gas; and the air cooler is equipped with a third cooler thermometer on its cold air output channel, which is used to detect the temperature of the output cold air.

7. The voltage regulation test system for a reversible solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The booster air intake path includes a booster air inlet shut-off valve, a booster air inlet solenoid valve, and a booster air inlet pressure regulating valve connected in sequence; the air exhaust path includes an air exhaust check valve, an air exhaust back pressure valve, and an air exhaust solenoid valve connected in sequence. The direct exhaust path and the processing path of the gas exhaust gas path are connected to the gas output channel of the gas cooler. The direct exhaust path is equipped with a gas exhaust gas direct exhaust valve, and the processing path is equipped with a gas-liquid separator. The gas output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to a gas discharge back pressure valve. The rear end of the gas discharge back pressure valve is simultaneously connected to a gas discharge solenoid valve and a gas exhaust gas measurement bypass. The gas exhaust gas measurement bypass includes a gas exhaust gas drying bypass valve, a drying pipe, a bypass flow meter, and a dew point meter connected in sequence.

8. The voltage regulation test system for a reversible solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compartment is equipped with a compartment pressure relief valve, and is connected to the end of the air exhaust flow path through the compartment pressure relief valve; the gas exhaust bypass flow path is equipped with a bypass pressure relief valve, and is connected to the end of the gas exhaust flow path through the bypass pressure relief valve.

9. The voltage regulation test system for a reversible solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that, The compartment is equipped with a compartment thermometer and a compartment pressure gauge.

10. The voltage regulation test system for a reversible solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical control system includes an electronic load and a DC power supply. Both the electronic load and the DC power supply are connected to the R-SOC battery, and either the electronic load or the DC power supply can be started.

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