Intelligent automatic harvester for small scallion crops

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of automatic machinery, and provides an intelligent small-sized shallot crop automatic harvester which comprises a harvester body, a soil digging mechanism is arranged at the position, close to the front end, of the harvester body, and a pulling mechanism is further arranged at the position, close to the soil digging mechanism, of the front end of the harvester body. A conveying mechanism is arranged in the middle of the top end of the harvester body, a collecting mechanism is further arranged at the rear end of the harvester body, and wheels are installed at the bottom end of the harvester body. Due to the application of the equipment, the collection work which is originally completed by a large amount of manpower can be completed by only a small number of operators now, the economic burden of farmers is effectively relieved, and the planting income is improved; by means of the unique collecting structure and the soft operation mode, damage such as breaking and scratching of the green Chinese onions in the collecting process is effectively avoided, the quality of the green Chinese onions is improved, storage and selling of the green Chinese onions are facilitated, and higher economic return is brought to farmers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automated machinery technology, specifically to an intelligent small-scale automatic harvester for onion crops. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for harvesting scallions and other allium crops, the market urgently needs an allium harvester that can replace manual labor and is suitable for large-scale automated harvesting. However, the designs of commonly available allium harvesters on the market have several problems and defects, as detailed below.

[0003] Due to limitations in mechanical design and low levels of automation, existing harvesters have a small harvesting area per unit time, are slow, and require a large amount of manual assistance, resulting in low overall harvesting efficiency. The clamping / cutting mechanism has design flaws, insufficient shock absorption, and poor adaptability to soil conditions, causing the scallion stems and leaves to break easily, the skin to be damaged, or the roots to be damaged during harvesting. The machines have insufficient wear resistance, and components such as blades and conveyor belts are easily damaged. Furthermore, the lack of modular design leads to high maintenance costs, frequent breakdowns, and time-consuming and labor-intensive repairs.

[0004] To address the problems raised in the background art, those skilled in the art have proposed an intelligent, small-scale automatic harvester for onion crops. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides an intelligent small-scale automatic harvester for onion crops. By combining remote infrared control and circuit control technology, it realizes the automatic picking and collection process of onion vegetables, thereby meeting the market's urgent demand for efficient, low-damage, highly adaptable, and intelligent harvesters.

[0006] An intelligent small-sized automatic harvester for onion crops includes a harvester body, a soil-scraping mechanism located near the front end of the harvester body, a pulling mechanism located near the soil-scraping mechanism at the front end of the harvester body, a conveying mechanism located at the middle of the top of the harvester body, a collecting mechanism located at the rear end of the harvester body, and wheels installed at the bottom of the harvester body.

[0007] The soil-shaving mechanism includes a drive motor and a drive gear. The drive motor is installed inside the main body of the harvester. The output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the drive gear. A connecting chain is meshed with the outer side of the drive gear. A transmission gear is meshed with the end of the connecting chain away from the drive gear. A soil-shaving component is installed on the outer wall of the transmission gear. Multiple soil-shaving blades are also provided on the outer side of the soil-shaving component.

[0008] Preferably, the pulling mechanism includes a second drive motor and a first connecting gear. The second drive motor is installed inside the main body of the harvester. The output end of the second drive motor is fixedly connected to the first connecting gear. A chain belt is meshed with the outer side of the first connecting gear. The end of the chain belt away from the first connecting gear is also meshed with the second connecting gear.

[0009] Preferably, a transmission rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second connecting gear, and a fixed sleeve is rotatably connected to the outer side of the transmission rod. The fixed sleeve is also installed on the inner side of the harvester body. A connecting gear is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission rod away from the second connecting gear, and a connecting gear is meshed with the outer side of the third connecting gear. A pulling rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fourth connecting gear, and a fourth connecting gear is also fixedly connected to the end of the pulling rod away from the fourth connecting gear. A set of fourth connecting gears and a pulling rod are also meshed with the outer wall of the fourth connecting gear, and the two sets of fourth connecting gears and the pulling rod form a figure-eight shape.

[0010] Preferably, the conveying mechanism further includes a conveyor belt and a fixed baffle. The fixed baffle is installed on the inner side wall of the middle part of the harvester body. Multiple drive motors are installed near the inner side of the fixed baffle. The top of the drive motor is provided with a gear that meshes with a gear sleeve to drive the gear inside the gear sleeve to rotate. The central axis of the gear inside the gear sleeve is connected to the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate. The conveyor belt is also sleeved between the two rotating shafts.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting gear five is also installed on the outer side wall of the rotating wheel, and a drive motor three is also meshed with the outer side of the connecting gear five. The drive motor three is also installed on the outer side of the fixed baffle.

[0012] Preferably, a drive motor four is installed at the bottom of the collection mechanism, a drive rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor four, a transmission rod two is installed at the top of the drive rod, a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of the transmission rod two, and the rotating rod is also movably connected to the inner side of the collection mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, a vibrating plate is provided at the top of the rotating rod, a connecting groove is provided at the bottom of the collecting mechanism, and the connecting groove is slidably connected to the bottom of the vibrating plate. A rotating plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the collecting mechanism, and a servo motor body and a rotating handle are also installed on the outer wall of the collecting mechanism for timed opening and closing of the rotating plate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. Reduced labor intensity and costs: The application of this equipment has reduced the collection work that originally required a lot of manpower to a task that can now be completed by only a few operators, effectively reducing the economic burden on farmers and increasing planting income.

[0016] 2. Ensure the quality of scallions: The unique collection structure and gentle handling effectively prevent damage such as breakage and scratches during the collection process, improving the quality of scallions, which is beneficial for storage and sales, and brings higher economic returns to farmers.

[0017] 3. Simplified process: The scallion collector integrates multiple functions, combining the originally cumbersome processes of harvesting, sorting, and transporting, simplifying the entire production process and saving a lot of manpower and time costs.

[0018] 4. Environmentally friendly and energy-saving: The scallion collector is powered by clean energy, avoiding the exhaust emissions pollution caused by traditional fuel-fired equipment. At the same time, it reduces energy consumption costs. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This utility model Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the main body of the medium-sized harvester;

[0021] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of the soil-scraping mechanism;

[0022] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of the extraction mechanism;

[0023] Figure 5 This utility model Figure 2 A side view of the conveyor mechanism.

[0024] Figure 6 This utility model Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of the transmission mechanism;

[0025] Figure 7 This utility model Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the central collection mechanism from below;

[0026] Figure 8 This utility model Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the collection mechanism.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Soil-scraping mechanism; 11. Drive motor one; 12. Drive gear; 13. Connecting chain; 14. Transmission gear; 15. Soil-scraping assembly; 2. Extraction mechanism; 21. Drive motor two; 22. Connecting gear one; 23. Chain belt; 24. Connecting gear two; 25. Transmission rod one; 26. Fixed sleeve; 27. Connecting gear three; 28. Connecting gear four; 29. ​​Extraction rod; 3. Conveying mechanism; 31. Conveyor belt; 32. Fixed baffle; 33. Rotating wheel; 331. Drive motor three; 332. Connecting gear five; 34. Gear sleeve; 35. Rotating shaft; 36. Transmission motor; 4. Collection mechanism; 41. Drive motor four; 42. Drive rod; 43. Transmission rod two; 44. Rotating rod; 45. Vibrating plate; 46. Connecting chute; 47. Servo motor body; 48. Rotating handle; 49. Rotating plate; 5. Wheel; 6. Harvester body. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model.

[0029] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 8 As shown:

[0030] Example 1: According to Figure 1 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, this utility model provides an intelligent small-sized automatic harvester for onion crops, including a harvester body 6. A soil-scraping mechanism 1 is provided near the front end of the harvester body 6. A pulling mechanism 2 is also provided near the soil-scraping mechanism 1 at the front end of the harvester body 6. A conveying mechanism 3 is provided at the middle of the top of the harvester body 6. A collecting mechanism 4 is also provided at the rear end of the harvester body 6. Wheels 5 are installed at the bottom of the harvester body 6.

[0031] The soil-shaving mechanism 1 includes a drive motor 11 and a drive gear 12. The drive motor 11 is installed inside the harvester body 6. The output end of the drive motor 11 is fixedly connected to the drive gear 12. A connecting chain 13 is meshed with the outer side of the drive gear 12. A transmission gear 14 is meshed with the end of the connecting chain 13 away from the drive gear 12. A soil-shaving assembly 15 is installed on the outer side of the transmission gear 14. Multiple soil-shaving blades are also provided on the outer side of the soil-shaving assembly 15.

[0032] Two drive motors 11 are fixedly installed on the upper part of the soil-scraping mechanism 1. The drive motors 11 are tightly connected to the support frame with bolts to ensure stability during operation. Drive gears 12 are installed on the output shafts of the drive motors 11, and are connected to the transmission gears 14 below via a connecting chain 13, forming a chain drive system. The connecting chain 13 is made of high-strength, wear-resistant material to adapt to the harsh working environment of agricultural machinery. Soil-scraping components 15 are installed at both ends of the transmission shaft. The soil-scraping components 15 are made of sharp and durable steel and are fixed to the transmission gears 14 with bolts. The shape and arrangement of the soil-scraping components 15 are optimized to ensure effective soil breaking and lifting during rotation.

[0033] Example 2: According to Figure 1 Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the extraction mechanism 2 includes a second drive motor 21 and a first connecting gear 22. The second drive motor 21 is installed inside the harvester body 6. The output end of the second drive motor 21 is fixedly connected to the first connecting gear 22. A chain belt 23 is meshed with the outer side of the first connecting gear 22. The end of the chain belt 23 away from the first connecting gear 22 is also meshed with a second connecting gear 24. A transmission rod 25 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second connecting gear 24. A fixed sleeve 26 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the transmission rod 25. The fixed sleeve 26 is also equipped with... Installed on the inner side of the harvester body 6, the transmission rod 1 25 is fixedly connected to the end away from the connecting gear 24 by a connecting gear 3 27. The outer side of the connecting gear 3 27 is meshed with a connecting gear 4 28. The outer side of the connecting gear 4 28 is fixedly connected with a pulling rod 29. The end of the pulling rod 29 away from the connecting gear 4 28 is also fixedly connected with a connecting gear 4 28. The outer side wall of this connecting gear 4 28 is also meshed with a set of connecting gear 4 28 and pulling rod 29. The two sets of connecting gear 4 28 and pulling rod 29 form a figure-eight shape.

[0034] Two pulling rods 29 are positioned in a "V" shape and fixed to the bracket via bearing seats. The surface of the pulling rods 29 is covered with a wear-resistant rubber layer to increase friction with the crop. The pulling rods 29 transmit torque through gears, achieving relative rotation, thereby generating an upward force in the middle to pull out the crop. The pulling rods 29 are designed with springs and cutting blades. The springs are used to adapt to the opening state within a certain range to prevent the crop from getting stuck. The cutting blades are used to cut the crop when necessary, ensuring a smooth pulling process.

[0035] Example 3: According to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the conveying mechanism 3 also includes a conveyor belt 31 and a fixed baffle 32. The fixed baffle 32 is installed on the inner side wall of the middle part of the harvester body 6. A plurality of drive motors 36 are installed near the inner side of the fixed baffle 32. The top of the drive motor 36 is provided with a gear that meshes with a gear sleeve 34 to drive the gear inside the gear sleeve 34 to rotate. The central axis of the gear inside the gear sleeve 34 is connected to a rotating shaft 35 to drive the rotating shaft 35 to rotate. The conveyor belt 31 is also sleeved between two rotating shafts 35. A connecting gear 5 332 is also installed on the outer side wall of the rotating wheel 33. A drive motor 331 is also meshed on the outer side of the connecting gear 5 332. The drive motor 331 is also installed on the outer side of the fixed baffle 32.

[0036] A reel is installed on the outside of the conveyor mechanism 3. The reel is driven by a motor and connected to the roller of the connecting gear 332 via the drive motor 331 to ensure synchronous rotation. Four wide blades are installed on the reel to orderly feed the crop onto the conveyor belt. The conveyor belt 31 is made of flexible material with a certain degree of friction to ensure the stability of the crop during transport. The conveyor belt 31 is supported by a rotating shaft 35, which is driven by a transmission motor 36 to achieve continuous operation of the conveyor belt 31.

[0037] Example 4: According to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a drive motor 41 is installed at the bottom of the collecting mechanism 4. A drive rod 42 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 41. A transmission rod 43 is installed at the top of the drive rod 42. A rotating rod 44 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the transmission rod 43. The rotating rod 44 is also movably connected to the inner side of the collecting mechanism 4. A vibrating plate 45 is provided at the top of the rotating rod 44. A connecting groove 46 is opened at the bottom of the collecting mechanism 4. The connecting groove 46 is also slidably connected to the bottom of the vibrating plate 45. A rotating plate 49 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the collecting mechanism 4. A servo motor body 47 and a rotating handle 48 are also installed on the outer wall of the collecting mechanism 4 for timed opening and closing of the rotating plate 49. The drive motor 41 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the collecting mechanism. The drive motor 41 is connected to the transmission rod 43 and the rotating rod 44 through the drive rod 42. The drive rod 42 is made of elastic material to absorb vibration and impact. It is connected to a rocker arm via a rotating rod 44, the other end of which is connected to the screen plate. When the drive motor 41 rotates, the drive rod 42 drives the transmission rod 43 to swing left and right, causing the vibrating plate 45 to vibrate. The vibrating plate 45 is placed at a certain angle, and the screen mesh size is designed according to the crop size to ensure that the soil is easily shaken off while the crop remains on the screen. A collection box is located below the screen plate and is used to collect the crop after the soil has been shaken off.

[0038] Working principle: When this device is needed, firstly, drive motor 11 drives drive gear 12, which in turn drives transmission gear 14 via connecting chain 13. Transmission gear 14 then drives soil-digging component 15 to dig the soil. The machine then moves forward, bringing the crop between the two extraction rods 29. Next, drive motor 21 drives connecting gear 22, which in turn drives connecting gear 24 and transmission rod 25 via chain 23. Transmission rod 25, through connecting gears 27 and 28, rotates the two extraction rods 29 to extract the onion crop. The onion then enters the position of rotating wheel 33. Drive motor 331 drives rotating wheel 33 via connecting gear 332. The rotating wheel 33 is then rotated by the plate at the front end of rotating wheel 33. Onion crops are conveyed one by one, and then the transmission motor 36 drives the gear sleeve 34 and the rotating shaft 35 to rotate, causing the conveyor belt 31 to rotate. The conveyor belt 31 carries the onions into the collection mechanism 4. Then, the drive motor 41 is started, and the drive motor 41 drives the rotating rod 44 to rotate in the collection mechanism 4 via the drive rod 42 and the transmission rod 43. The rotating rod 44 can make the vibrating plate 45 swing up and down. The vibrating plate 45 also slides in the connecting groove 46, which can make it swing up and down and back and forth to screen out excess soil. Since the vibrating plate 45 is inclined, the onions will slide closer to the rotating plate 49 during actual use. After a certain period of time, the servo motor body 47 will drive the rotating handle 48 to push the rotating plate 49 open, making it easier to collect the onions inside.

[0039] All standard parts used in this invention can be purchased from the market, and irregularly shaped parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods for each part all employ conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding, which are mature technologies in the prior art. The machinery, parts, and equipment all use conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connections also use conventional connection methods in the prior art, which will not be detailed here. Any content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0040] In the description of this utility model, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. "A plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0041] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0043] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0044] The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this utility model only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this utility model. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0045] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent small-sized automatic harvesting machine for allium crops, characterized in that: The harvester includes a main body (6), a soil-scraping mechanism (1) is provided near the front end of the main body (6), a pulling mechanism (2) is also provided near the soil-scraping mechanism (1) at the front end of the main body (6), a conveying mechanism (3) is provided at the middle of the top of the main body (6), a collecting mechanism (4) is also provided at the rear end of the main body (6), and wheels (5) are installed at the bottom of the main body (6). The soil-shaving mechanism (1) includes a drive motor (11) and a drive gear (12). The drive motor (11) is installed inside the harvester body (6). The output end of the drive motor (11) is fixedly connected to the drive gear (12). A connecting chain (13) is meshed with the outer side of the drive gear (12). A transmission gear (14) is meshed with the end of the connecting chain (13) away from the drive gear (12). A soil-shaving assembly (15) is installed on the outer side of the transmission gear (14). Multiple soil-shaving blades are also provided on the outer side of the soil-shaving assembly (15).

2. The intelligent small-sized allium crop automatic harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extraction mechanism (2) includes a second drive motor (21) and a first connecting gear (22). The second drive motor (21) is installed inside the main body (6) of the harvester. The output end of the second drive motor (21) is fixedly connected to the first connecting gear (22). The outer side of the first connecting gear (22) is meshed with a chain belt (23). The end of the chain belt (23) away from the first connecting gear (22) is also meshed with the second connecting gear (24).

3. The intelligent small-sized allium crop automatic harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: A transmission rod (25) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second connecting gear (24). A fixed sleeve (26) is also rotatably connected to the outer side of the first connecting gear (25). The fixed sleeve (26) is also installed on the inner side of the harvester body (6). A connecting gear (27) is fixedly connected to the end of the first connecting gear (25) away from the second connecting gear (24). A connecting gear (28) is meshed with the outer side of the third connecting gear (27). A pulling rod (29) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fourth connecting gear (28). A connecting gear (28) is also fixedly connected to the end of the pulling rod (29) away from the fourth connecting gear (28). A set of connecting gears (28) and a pulling rod (29) are also meshed with the outer wall of the fourth connecting gear (28). The two sets of connecting gears (28) and the pulling rod (29) form a figure-eight shape.

4. The intelligent small-sized allium crop automatic harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism (3) also includes a conveyor belt (31) and a fixed baffle (32). The fixed baffle (32) is installed on the inner side wall of the middle part of the harvester body (6). A plurality of drive motors (36) are installed near the inner side of the fixed baffle (32). The top of the drive motor (36) is provided with a gear that meshes with a gear sleeve (34) to drive the gear inside the gear sleeve (34) to rotate. The central axis of the gear inside the gear sleeve (34) is connected to the rotating shaft (35) to drive the rotating shaft (35) to rotate. The conveyor belt (31) is also sleeved between the two rotating shafts (35).

5. The intelligent small-sized allium crop automatic harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating wheel (33) is further equipped with a connecting gear five (332) on its outer side wall. The connecting gear five (332) is further meshed with a drive motor three (331) on its outer side. The drive motor three (331) is also installed on the outer side of the fixed baffle (32).

6. The intelligent small-sized allium crop automatic harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the collection mechanism (4) is equipped with a drive motor four (41), the output end of the drive motor four (41) is fixedly connected to a drive rod (42), the top of the drive rod (42) is equipped with a transmission rod two (43), the inner side of the transmission rod two (43) is rotatably connected to a rotating rod (44), and the rotating rod (44) is also movably connected to the inner side of the collection mechanism (4).

7. The intelligent small-scale automatic harvester for onion crops as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the rotating rod (44) is provided with a vibrating plate (45), and the bottom of the collecting mechanism (4) is provided with a connecting groove (46). The connecting groove (46) is also slidably connected to the bottom of the vibrating plate (45). The outer wall of the collecting mechanism (4) is rotatably connected with a rotating plate (49). The outer wall of the collecting mechanism (4) is also equipped with a servo motor body (47) and a rotating handle (48) for timed opening and closing of the rotating plate (49).

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