Anti-vibration clamping device for slender shaft machining

Abstract

The utility model relates to an anti-vibration clamping device for slender shaft processing, which comprises a rack, a driving assembly, a self-resetting clamping mechanism, an axial positioning assembly and a dynamic supporting assembly, the self-resetting clamping mechanism is driven by a motor to clamp a first end part of a slender shaft, and the axial positioning assembly comprises a jacking block which is arranged on the rack and is arranged opposite to the self-resetting clamping mechanism; the dynamic supporting assembly is arranged on the rack and located between the self-resetting clamping mechanism and the jacking block, the self-resetting clamping mechanism comprises a rotating base disc in transmission connection with the motor and a plurality of clamping blocks distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotating base disc, and the clamping blocks and the rotating base disc are in radial sliding fit and reset through compression springs; a magnetic attraction assembly extending in the axial direction is arranged in the center of the rotating base disc and comprises an annular permanent magnet array coaxial with the rotating base disc. The utility model provides an anti-vibration clamping device for machining a slender shaft to solve the problems that in the prior art, the slender shaft is prone to vibration in the machining process, and the machining precision and the surface quality are difficult to guarantee.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of slender shaft machining technology, specifically to an anti-vibration clamping device for slender shaft machining. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, slender shafts, due to their large length-to-diameter ratio, are highly susceptible to vibration caused by various external forces such as cutting forces and centrifugal forces during machining. This vibration not only leads to a decrease in machining accuracy, such as dimensional deviations and out-of-tolerance cylindricity, but may also cause deterioration of the workpiece surface quality, resulting in problems such as vibration marks and increased roughness. In severe cases, it may even lead to the scrapping of the workpiece.

[0003] Existing clamping devices for machining slender shafts have several shortcomings in addressing vibration issues. Traditional clamping methods often cannot adjust the clamping force in real time according to the actual conditions during machining, easily resulting in clamping that is too tight or too loose. Overly tight clamping can cause indentations or even deformation on the workpiece surface, while overly loose clamping fails to effectively restrain the workpiece, exacerbating vibration. Furthermore, most existing support structures are fixed, making it difficult to adapt to vibration suppression requirements under different working conditions. They cannot flexibly adjust the support stiffness and position based on the workpiece's material properties and machining parameters, limiting the versatility of machining equipment and the improvement of machining quality. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a clamping device that can effectively suppress vibration during the machining of slender shafts to improve machining accuracy and surface quality, meeting the ever-increasing demand for high-precision machining. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an anti-vibration clamping device for machining slender shafts, so as to solve the problems of easy vibration, difficulty in ensuring machining accuracy and surface quality in the machining of slender shafts in the prior art.

[0005] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A vibration-resistant clamping device for machining slender shafts includes a frame, a drive assembly, a self-resetting clamping mechanism, an axial positioning assembly, and a dynamic support assembly. The drive assembly includes a motor mounted on the frame. The self-resetting clamping mechanism is driven by the motor to clamp the first end of the slender shaft. The axial positioning assembly includes a top contact block mounted on the frame and positioned opposite the self-resetting clamping mechanism. The dynamic support assembly is mounted on the frame and positioned between the self-resetting clamping mechanism and the top contact block. The self-resetting clamping mechanism includes a rotating base disk connected to the motor and several clamping blocks distributed circumferentially along the rotating base disk. Each clamping block forms a radial sliding fit with the rotating base disk and is reset by a compression spring. An axially extending magnetic attraction assembly is provided at the center of the rotating base disk. The magnetic attraction assembly includes an array of annular permanent magnets coaxially arranged with the rotating base disk.

[0007] An innovative multimodal vibration suppression system fundamentally solves the dynamic instability problem in the machining of slender shafts. Its core innovation lies in the construction of a collaborative control system consisting of a drive assembly, a self-resetting clamping mechanism, an axial positioning assembly, and a dynamic support assembly. The drive assembly adopts a high-rigidity direct-drive architecture, with the motor output directly driving the rotating base plate through an optimized transmission path, eliminating the phase lag problem caused by traditional reduction mechanisms and giving the power transmission excellent transient response characteristics. The self-resetting clamping mechanism employs a nonlinear stiffness design; during the radial sliding of the clamping block, the restoring force generated by the compression spring and the centrifugal force form a dynamic balance, achieving adaptive clamping force control with rotational speed and avoiding workpiece surface damage caused by over-constraint. The spatial layout of the axial positioning assembly and the dynamic support assembly is optimized through modal analysis, forming a three-point constraint system. By adjusting the position of the support points, the system mode shape is changed, effectively suppressing the coupling phenomenon of bending and torsional vibrations caused by cutting force excitation during machining. The adjustable characteristics of the dynamic support assembly are not only reflected in spatial position adjustment; its continuously adjustable support stiffness design can match the dynamic characteristics of workpieces of different materials, significantly expanding the processing capability range of the equipment. The overall structure adopts a modular design concept, with each functional component integrated into the frame through standardized interfaces. While ensuring the overall rigidity of the system, it greatly simplifies the maintenance and upgrade process, especially significantly improving the replacement efficiency of critical wear parts. Through the synergistic effect of the above-mentioned technical features, this device demonstrates excellent machining stability in typical application scenarios such as slender titanium alloy shafts in the aerospace field and miniature precision shafts in the medical device industry.

[0008] Preferably, the dynamic support assembly includes a plurality of support rods that are slidably connected to and lockable with the frame, and a plurality of detachable semicircular sleeves that are slidably connected to and lockable with the support rods.

[0009] The dynamic support assembly adopts a composite adjustable structure design, enabling real-time optimization of support parameters during processing. The sliding connection mechanism between the support rod and the frame utilizes a high-precision linear guide system. The guide surface undergoes special hardening treatment and is coated with a nano-coating, ensuring smooth sliding while significantly improving resistance to fretting wear. The multi-point arrangement of the support rod can form a customized support array based on the workpiece stiffness distribution characteristics. For stepped shaft parts with variable cross-sections, a gradient support stiffness distribution can be formed by differentially adjusting the positions of each support point, effectively compensating for vibration mode distortion caused by structural asymmetry. The modular design of the detachable semi-circular sleeve breaks through the size limitations of traditional integral support rings. Its split structure not only allows for quick assembly and disassembly but also significantly reduces the coefficient of friction with the workpiece contact surface through edge chamfering and surface polishing. The flexible buffer layer on the inner wall of the semi-circular sleeve is made of high-polymer composite material, providing necessary support stiffness while absorbing high-frequency vibration energy and avoiding surface vibration marks caused by rigid contact. The dual locking mechanism employs a mechanical-hydraulic composite locking mode. A mechanical wedge block enables rapid pre-positioning, while a hydraulic auxiliary system provides continuous and stable locking force. This design simplifies the traditional bolt tightening process by over 70% while ensuring locking reliability, significantly improving production line changeover efficiency. This support system is particularly suitable for high-volume, multi-variety processing scenarios such as new energy vehicle motor shafts.

[0010] Preferably, the top block of the axial positioning component is axially movable in conjunction with the machine frame via a linear guide rail.

[0011] The mating surface between the top contact block and the linear guide rail adopts a composite structure of V-shaped raceway and planar guide rail. This innovative design simultaneously achieves radial positioning and axial guidance functions within a limited space, effectively suppressing multi-degree-of-freedom motion coupling errors. The guide rail system is equipped with a self-cleaning chip scraper and centralized lubrication pipelines to ensure long-term motion accuracy in harsh machining environments filled with metal chips. The drive mechanism of the top contact block uses a servo motor-driven ball screw pair, combined with a high-resolution grating ruler to form a fully closed-loop control system, which can compensate for positioning deviations caused by temperature changes and mechanical wear in real time. A specially designed contact force feedback system monitors the top contact force distribution through a piezoelectric sensor array. When an off-center load is detected, it can automatically adjust the posture of the top contact block to ensure uniform distribution of end face contact force. This axial positioning system, together with the self-resetting clamping mechanism, forms a precise force-position hybrid control, achieving sub-micron-level axial dimensional control accuracy in the machining of ultra-precision optical components.

[0012] Preferably, the clamping end of the clamping block is provided with a guide cone surface that tapers towards the machining axis.

[0013] The tapered clamping end is designed with multi-objective optimization, and its radius of curvature changes continuously along the axial direction, forming a contact stress distribution that conforms to the elastic deformation law of the material. The conical surface is fabricated with a regularly arranged array of micro-pits using laser micro-texturing technology. These microstructures, when immersed in cutting fluid, form a stable hydrodynamic lubrication film, reducing the friction coefficient under dry friction conditions to the boundary lubrication level. A spiral chip-removing groove at the root of the conical surface forms a specific angle with the rotation direction of the clamping block, utilizing the Coriolis effect generated by centrifugal acceleration to achieve directional chip removal, completely solving the positioning drift problem caused by chip accumulation inside traditional clamps. This structure also integrates a distributed temperature sensor network, which can monitor the temperature rise changes in the clamping area in real time. When abnormal frictional heating is detected, a protection program is automatically triggered to avoid thermal damage to the workpiece surface. In the machining of thin-walled high-temperature alloy parts, this design significantly improves the roundness error of the workpiece.

[0014] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a drive shaft connecting the motor output end and the rotating base plate.

[0015] The drive shaft adopts a constant-strength variable cross-section design concept, achieving the optimal stiffness-to-mass ratio through finite element topology optimization, significantly reducing rotational inertia while ensuring torque load capacity. A spiral cooling channel is incorporated within the shaft, forming a closed-loop cooling system in conjunction with the rotary joint, effectively controlling thermal expansion deformation during high-speed rotation. The arrangement of the double-row angular contact bearing assembly has been optimized through dynamic load spectrum analysis, and the adjustable preload design allows the bearing system to withstand high-frequency impact loads while adapting to differences in thermal expansion at different speeds. A non-contact sealing structure is used at the shaft end, combined with magnetic fluid sealing technology, completely preventing lubricant leakage and achieving ultra-long maintenance intervals. This transmission system, coupled with a vector control algorithm, enables precise tracking and control of machining speed, providing an ideal power foundation for advanced processes such as ultrasonic vibration machining of hard and brittle materials.

[0016] Preferably, the compression spring is nested on a guide post between the clamping block and the rotating base disk, and the axis of the guide post is parallel to the radial sliding direction of the clamping block.

[0017] The guide post surface is treated with a diamond-like carbon coating and precision grinding to form a kinematic pair with an ultra-low coefficient of friction. The spring preload adjustment mechanism uses a differential thread design, allowing precise control of the initial clamping force by rotating the adjusting nut. A digital torque display device is included during adjustment for quantitative management of the clamping force. The hydraulic damper at the end of the guide post employs a multi-hole throttling design, adaptively adjusting its damping characteristics according to the clamping block's movement speed to effectively suppress mechanical shock during rapid reset. This structure also integrates a displacement sensor to monitor the radial position changes of the clamping block in real time, providing data support for clamping status diagnosis. In composite material shaft machining, this elastic reset mechanism effectively avoids uneven clamping force distribution caused by material anisotropy.

[0018] Preferably, the top end face of the top contact block is provided with a removable wear-resistant pad, and the wear-resistant pad is made of a material with a hardness higher than that of the top contact block body.

[0019] The gasket is manufactured using graded functional materials technology, with an outer layer of ultra-hard ceramic phase, a middle layer of tough metal matrix composite material, and a bottom layer of elastic buffer. This structural design effectively suppresses the propagation of contact stress waves while ensuring wear resistance. The quick-change mechanism employs a hydraulically driven wedge locking device, coupled with precise positioning pins, allowing for rapid gasket replacement during equipment downtime. The intelligent monitoring system uses embedded thin-film sensors to collect real-time multi-dimensional data on gasket contact pressure, temperature, and wear, combining this with machine learning algorithms to predict remaining service life, enabling a shift from periodic maintenance to condition-based maintenance. In batch processing scenarios, this design can reduce the maintenance cost of the top contact block to less than one-fifth of traditional structures.

[0020] Preferably, the frame is a cylindrical structure with an opening, and the linear guide rail is installed and fixed at the opening.

[0021] Based on the principles of biological skeletal growth, a topology optimization algorithm is used to create a cancellous bone-like truss structure within the frame, resulting in an order-of-magnitude improvement in combined bending and torsional stiffness compared to traditional structures for the same mass. A prestressed assembly process is employed at the openings, with calculated and controlled bolt preload to achieve an ideal residual stress distribution. A micro-arc oxidation coating on the surface forms a metallurgical bond with the frame material, significantly enhancing resistance to environmental corrosion. This frame design reduces the vibration transmission rate of the entire unit under heavy-duty cutting conditions to an industry-leading level, providing an ideal mechanical foundation for ultra-precision machining.

[0022] Preferably, the top contact block is provided with reinforcing ribs that cooperate with the linear guide rail.

[0023] The ribs employ a variable-density lattice structure, achieving a stiffness gradient distribution through material addition and subtraction: the area near the guide rail features a high-density rhomboid mesh, providing stable support stiffness; the transition area uses a gradient honeycomb structure for smooth stress transfer; and the distal area has a lightweight, corrugated thin wall, exhibiting excellent vibration damping characteristics. The intelligent damping material coated on the rib surface contains microcapsule phase-change particles that undergo phase change under vibration excitation, absorbing mechanical energy and converting broadband vibration energy into heat dissipation. This design significantly improves the dynamic positioning accuracy of the top-mounted block assembly during high-speed movement.

[0024] Preferably, the support rod has a coolant channel inside, and the outlet of the coolant channel points to the slender shaft.

[0025] The coolant channels employ a biomimetic fractal flow channel design, creating a turbulence enhancement effect through a multi-level branched structure, achieving heat transfer efficiency several times that of traditional straight channels. The micro-nozzle array at the outlet is manufactured using MEMS technology, generating ultra-fine atomized cooling media to form a uniform micron-level cooling film at the machining interface. This cooling system exhibits superior performance in cutting difficult-to-machine materials, effectively suppressing heat-induced tool wear and workpiece thermal deformation.

[0026] The advantages of this utility model compared to the prior art are:

[0027] This invention relates to an anti-vibration clamping device for machining slender shafts. Through an innovative multi-modal vibration suppression system, it fundamentally solves the problem of dynamic instability in the machining of slender shafts. Its core innovation lies in the construction of a collaborative control system consisting of a drive assembly, a self-resetting clamping mechanism, an axial positioning assembly, and a dynamic support assembly. The drive assembly adopts a high-rigidity direct-drive architecture. The motor output directly drives the rotating base plate through an optimized transmission path, eliminating the phase lag problem caused by traditional reduction mechanisms and giving the power transmission excellent transient response characteristics. The self-resetting clamping mechanism employs a nonlinear stiffness design. During the radial sliding process of the clamping block, the restoring force generated by the compression spring and the centrifugal force form a dynamic balance, achieving adaptive clamping force control with rotational speed and avoiding workpiece surface damage caused by over-constraint. The spatial layout of the axial positioning assembly and the dynamic support assembly is optimized through modal analysis, forming a three-point constraint system. By adjusting the position of the support points, the system's mode shape is changed, effectively suppressing the coupling phenomenon of bending and torsional vibrations caused by cutting force excitation during machining. The adjustable characteristics of the dynamic support components are not only reflected in spatial position adjustment, but also in the continuously adjustable design of its support stiffness, which can match the dynamic characteristics of workpieces made of different materials, significantly expanding the processing capability range of the equipment. The overall structure adopts a modular design concept, with each functional component integrated into the frame through standardized interfaces. While ensuring the overall rigidity of the system, this greatly simplifies the maintenance and upgrade process, especially significantly improving the replacement efficiency of key wear parts. Through the synergistic effect of the above technical features, this device demonstrates excellent processing stability in typical application scenarios such as slender titanium alloy shafts in the aerospace field and miniature precision shafts in the medical device industry. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an anti-vibration clamping device for machining slender shafts according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Labeling: Frame (100), Drive assembly (200), Motor (210), Drive shaft (220), Bearing (221), Self-resetting clamping mechanism (300), Rotating base plate (310), Annular permanent magnet array (311), Clamping block (320), Guide cone surface (321), Compression spring (330), Guide column (340), Axial positioning assembly (400), Top block (410), Wear-resistant liner (411), Reinforcing rib (412), Linear guide rail (420), Dynamic support assembly (500), Support rod (510), Coolant channel (511), Detachable semi-circular sleeve (520), Slender shaft (01). Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figures, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this application is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0034] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0035] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] This embodiment provides a vibration-resistant clamping device for machining slender shafts, including a frame 100, a drive assembly 200, a self-resetting clamping mechanism 300, an axial positioning assembly 400, and a dynamic support assembly 500. The drive assembly 200 includes a motor 210 mounted on the frame 100. The self-resetting clamping mechanism 300 is driven by the motor 210 to clamp the first end of the slender shaft 01. The axial positioning assembly 400 includes a top contact block 410 mounted on the frame 100 and disposed opposite to the self-resetting clamping mechanism 300. The dynamic support assembly... 500 is mounted on the frame 100 and located between the self-resetting clamping mechanism 300 and the top contact block 410. The self-resetting clamping mechanism 300 includes a rotating base disk 310 that is connected to the motor 210 for transmission, and a plurality of clamping blocks 320 distributed circumferentially along the rotating base disk 310. Each clamping block 320 forms a radial sliding fit with the rotating base disk 310 and is reset by a compression spring 330. The rotating base disk 310 is provided with an axially extending magnetic attraction component at its center, which includes an annular permanent magnet array 311 coaxially arranged with the rotating base disk.

[0037] The innovative multimodal vibration suppression system fundamentally solves the dynamic instability problem in the machining of slender shafts 01. Its core innovation lies in the construction of a collaborative control system consisting of a drive assembly 200, a self-resetting clamping mechanism 300, an axial positioning assembly 400, and a dynamic support assembly 500. The drive assembly 200 adopts a high-rigidity direct-drive architecture. The output of the motor 210 directly drives the rotating base disk 310 through an optimized transmission path, eliminating the phase lag problem caused by traditional reduction mechanisms and giving the power transmission excellent transient response characteristics. The self-resetting clamping mechanism 300 adopts a nonlinear stiffness design. During the radial sliding process of the clamping block 320, the restoring force generated by the compression spring 330 and the centrifugal force form a dynamic balance, realizing adaptive clamping force control with rotational speed and avoiding workpiece surface damage caused by over-constraint. The spatial layout of the axial positioning assembly 400 and the dynamic support assembly 500 is optimized through modal analysis to form a three-point constraint system. By adjusting the position of the support points, the system mode shape is changed, effectively suppressing the coupling phenomenon of bending and torsional vibrations caused by cutting force excitation during machining. The adjustable nature of the dynamic support component 500 is not only reflected in its spatial position adjustment, but also in its continuously adjustable support stiffness design, which can match the dynamic characteristics of workpieces made of different materials, significantly expanding the processing capability range of the equipment. The overall structure adopts a modular design concept, with each functional component integrated into the frame 100 through standardized interfaces. While ensuring the overall rigidity of the system, this greatly simplifies the maintenance and upgrade process, particularly significantly improving the efficiency of replacing critical wear parts. Through the synergistic effect of the above technical features, this device demonstrates excellent processing stability in typical application scenarios such as slender titanium alloy shafts (01) in the aerospace field and miniature precision shafts in the medical device industry.

[0038] In this embodiment, the dynamic support assembly 500 includes a plurality of support rods 510 that are slidably connected to and lockable with the frame 100, and a plurality of detachable semicircular sleeves 520 that are slidably connected to and lockable with the support rods 510.

[0039] The dynamic support component 500 adopts a composite adjustable structure design, enabling real-time optimization of support parameters during processing. The sliding connection mechanism between the support rod 510 and the frame 100 uses a high-precision linear guide system. The guide surface undergoes special hardening treatment and is coated with a nano-coating, ensuring smooth sliding while significantly improving resistance to fretting wear. The multi-point arrangement of the support rod 510 can form a customized support array according to the workpiece stiffness distribution characteristics. For stepped shaft parts with variable cross-section characteristics, the gradient support stiffness distribution can be formed by differentially adjusting the position of each support point, effectively compensating for vibration mode distortion caused by structural asymmetry. The modular design of the detachable semi-circular sleeve 520 breaks through the size limitations of traditional integral support rings. Its split structure not only enables quick assembly and disassembly but also significantly reduces the coefficient of friction with the workpiece contact surface through edge chamfering and surface polishing. The flexible buffer layer on the inner wall of the semi-circular sleeve is made of high-polymer composite material, which absorbs high-frequency vibration energy while providing the necessary support stiffness, avoiding surface vibration marks caused by rigid contact. The dual locking mechanism employs a mechanical-hydraulic composite locking mode. A mechanical wedge block enables rapid pre-positioning, while a hydraulic auxiliary system provides continuous and stable locking force. This design simplifies the traditional bolt tightening process by over 70% while ensuring locking reliability, significantly improving production line changeover efficiency. This support system is particularly suitable for high-volume, multi-variety processing scenarios such as new energy vehicle motor shafts.

[0040] In this embodiment, the top block 410 of the axial positioning component 400 forms an axial moving engagement with the frame 100 through the linear guide rail 420.

[0041] The mating surface between the top contact block 410 and the linear guide rail 420 adopts a composite structure of V-shaped raceway and planar guide rail. This innovative design achieves radial positioning and axial guiding functions simultaneously within a limited space, effectively suppressing multi-degree-of-freedom motion coupling errors. The guide rail system is equipped with a self-cleaning chip scraper and centralized lubrication pipelines to ensure long-term motion accuracy in harsh machining environments filled with metal chips. The drive mechanism of the top contact block 410 adopts a ball screw pair driven by a servo motor, which, together with a high-resolution grating ruler, forms a fully closed-loop control system that can compensate for positioning deviations caused by temperature changes and mechanical wear in real time. A specially designed contact force feedback system monitors the top contact force distribution through a piezoelectric sensor array. When an off-center load is detected, it can automatically adjust the posture of the top contact block 410 to ensure uniform distribution of end face contact force. This axial positioning system, together with the self-resetting clamping mechanism 300, forms a precise force-position hybrid control, enabling sub-micron-level axial dimensional control accuracy in the machining of ultra-precision optical components.

[0042] In this embodiment, the clamping end of the clamping block 320 is provided with a guide cone surface 321 that gradually tapers toward the machining axis.

[0043] The tapered clamping end is designed with multi-objective optimization, and its radius of curvature changes continuously along the axial direction, forming a contact stress distribution that conforms to the elastic deformation law of the material. The conical surface is fabricated with a regularly arranged array of micro-pits using laser micro-texturing technology. These microstructures, when immersed in cutting fluid, form a stable hydrodynamic lubrication film, reducing the friction coefficient under dry friction conditions to the boundary lubrication level. A helical chip-removing groove at the root of the conical surface forms a specific angle with the 320° rotation direction of the clamping block, utilizing the Coriolis effect generated by centrifugal acceleration to achieve directional chip removal, completely solving the positioning drift problem caused by chip accumulation inside traditional clamps. This structure also integrates a distributed temperature sensor network, which can monitor the temperature rise changes in the clamping area in real time. When abnormal frictional heating is detected, a protection program is automatically triggered to avoid thermal damage to the workpiece surface. In the machining of thin-walled high-temperature alloy parts, this design significantly improves the roundness error of the workpiece.

[0044] In this embodiment, the drive assembly 200 includes a drive shaft 220 connecting the output end of the motor 210 to the rotating base disk 310. The drive shaft 220 is fitted with a bearing 221.

[0045] The 220 drive shaft adopts a constant-strength variable cross-section design concept, achieving the optimal stiffness-to-mass ratio through finite element topology optimization, significantly reducing rotational inertia while ensuring torque load capacity. A spiral cooling channel is installed inside the shaft, forming a closed-loop cooling system in conjunction with the rotary joint, effectively controlling thermal expansion deformation during high-speed rotation. The arrangement of the double-row angular contact bearing assembly has been optimized through dynamic load spectrum analysis, and the adjustable preload design allows the bearing system to withstand high-frequency impact loads and adapt to differences in thermal expansion at different speeds. The shaft end employs a non-contact sealing structure combined with magnetic fluid sealing technology, completely preventing lubricant leakage while achieving an ultra-long maintenance cycle. This transmission system, coupled with a vector control algorithm, enables precise tracking and control of machining speed, providing an ideal power foundation for advanced processes such as ultrasonic vibration machining of hard and brittle materials.

[0046] In this embodiment, the compression spring 330 is nested on the guide post 340 between the clamping block 320 and the rotating base disk 310, and the axis of the guide post 340 is parallel to the radial sliding direction of the clamping block 320.

[0047] The guide post 340 features a diamond-like carbon coating and precision grinding, resulting in a kinematic pair with an ultra-low coefficient of friction. The spring preload adjustment mechanism employs a differential thread design, allowing precise control of the initial clamping force via rotating the adjusting nut. A digital torque display device enables quantitative management of the clamping force. The hydraulic damper at the end of the guide post 340 utilizes a multi-hole throttling design, adaptively adjusting its damping characteristics according to the movement speed of the clamping block 320, effectively suppressing mechanical shock during rapid reset. This structure also integrates a displacement sensor to monitor the radial position changes of the clamping block 320 in real time, providing data support for clamping status diagnosis. In composite material shaft machining, this elastic reset mechanism effectively avoids uneven clamping force distribution caused by material anisotropy.

[0048] In this embodiment, the top end face of the top contact block 410 is provided with a removable wear-resistant pad 411, and the hardness of the wear-resistant pad 411 is higher than that of the top contact block 410 body.

[0049] Gasket 411 is manufactured using graded functional materials technology, with an outer layer of ultra-hard ceramic phase, a middle layer of tough metal matrix composite material, and a bottom layer of elastic buffer layer. This structural design effectively suppresses the propagation of contact stress waves while ensuring wear resistance. The quick-change mechanism uses a hydraulically driven wedge locking device, coupled with precise positioning pins, to quickly replace gasket 411 during equipment operation intervals. The intelligent monitoring system uses embedded thin-film sensors to collect multi-dimensional data such as contact pressure, temperature, and wear of gasket 411 in real time, and combines this with machine learning algorithms to predict remaining service life, achieving a leap from periodic maintenance to condition-based maintenance. In batch processing scenarios, this design can reduce the maintenance cost of the top contact block 410 to less than one-fifth of that of traditional structures.

[0050] In this embodiment, the frame 100 is a cylindrical structure with an opening, and the linear guide rail 420 is installed and fixed at the opening.

[0051] Based on the principle of biological skeletal growth, a topology optimization algorithm is used to create a cancellous bone-like truss structure within the frame 100, resulting in an order-of-magnitude improvement in combined bending and torsional stiffness compared to traditional structures of the same mass. A prestressed assembly process is employed at the openings, with calculated and controlled bolt preload to achieve an ideal residual stress distribution. The surface-treated micro-arc oxidation coating forms a metallurgical bond with the frame 100 material, significantly enhancing its resistance to environmental corrosion. This frame 100 design reduces the vibration transmission rate of the entire device under heavy-duty cutting conditions to an industry-leading level, providing an ideal mechanical foundation for ultra-precision machining.

[0052] In this embodiment, the top block 410 is provided with a reinforcing rib 412 that cooperates with the linear guide rail 420.

[0053] Rib 412 employs a variable-density lattice structure, achieving a stiffness gradient distribution through material addition and subtraction: the area near the guide rail features a high-density rhomboid mesh, providing stable support stiffness; the transition area uses a gradient honeycomb structure for smooth stress transfer; and the distal area has a lightweight, corrugated thin wall, exhibiting excellent vibration damping characteristics. The intelligent damping material coated on the surface of rib 412 contains microcapsule phase-change particles that undergo phase change under vibration excitation, absorbing mechanical energy and converting broadband vibration energy into heat dissipation. This design significantly improves the dynamic positioning accuracy of the top contact block 410 assembly during high-speed movement.

[0054] In this embodiment, the support rod 510 has a coolant channel 511 inside, and the outlet of the coolant channel 511 points to the slender shaft 01.

[0055] The coolant channel 511 employs a biomimetic fractal flow channel design, creating a turbulence enhancement effect through a multi-level branched structure, achieving heat transfer efficiency several times that of traditional straight channels. The micro-nozzle array at the outlet is manufactured using MEMS technology, generating ultra-fine atomized cooling medium to form a uniform micron-level cooling film at the machining interface. This cooling system exhibits superior performance in cutting difficult-to-machine materials, effectively suppressing heat-induced tool wear and workpiece thermal deformation.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vibration-resistant clamping device for machining slender shafts, characterized in that, include Rack (100); The drive assembly (200) includes a motor (210) mounted on the frame (100). The self-resetting clamping mechanism (300) is driven by a motor (210) to clamp the first end of the slender shaft (01); The axial positioning assembly (400) includes a top contact block (410) disposed on the frame (100) and opposite to the self-resetting clamping mechanism (300). A dynamic support assembly (500) is disposed on the frame (100) and located between the self-resetting clamping mechanism (300) and the top contact block (410); The self-resetting clamping mechanism (300) includes a rotating base disk (310) that is connected to the motor (210) for transmission, and a plurality of clamping blocks (320) distributed circumferentially along the rotating base disk (310). Each clamping block (320) forms a radial sliding fit with the rotating base disk (310) and is reset by a compression spring (330). The rotating base disk (310) is provided with an axially extending magnetic attraction assembly at its center. The magnetic attraction assembly includes an annular permanent magnet array (311) coaxially arranged with the rotating base disk (310).

2. The anti-vibration clamping device for machining slender shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic support assembly (500) includes a plurality of support rods (510) that are slidably connected to and lockable with the frame (100), and a plurality of detachable semicircular sleeves (520) that are slidably connected to and lockable with the support rods (510).

3. The vibration-resistant clamping device for machining slender shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top block (410) of the axial positioning assembly (400) is axially movable and engaged with the frame (100) via a linear guide rail (420).

4. The anti-vibration clamping device for machining slender shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping end of the clamping block (320) is provided with a guide cone surface (321) that gradually tapers toward the machining axis.

5. The anti-vibration clamping device for machining slender shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly (200) includes a drive shaft (220) that connects the output of the motor (210) to the rotating base plate (310).

6. The anti-vibration clamping device for machining slender shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compression spring (330) is nested on the guide post (340) between the clamping block (320) and the rotating base plate (310), and the axis of the guide post (340) is parallel to the radial sliding direction of the clamping block (320).

7. The vibration-resistant clamping device for machining slender shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top end face of the top contact block (410) is provided with a removable wear-resistant pad (411), and the wear-resistant pad (411) is made of a material with a hardness higher than that of the top contact block (410) body.

8. The vibration-resistant clamping device for machining slender shafts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The frame (100) is a cylindrical structure with an opening, and the linear guide rail (420) is installed and fixed at the opening.

9. The anti-vibration clamping device for machining slender shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top block (410) is provided with a reinforcing rib (412) that cooperates with the linear guide rail (420).

10. The anti-vibration clamping device for machining slender shafts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support rod (510) has an axially extending coolant channel (511) inside, and the outlet of the coolant channel (511) points to the slender shaft (01).

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