High and low frequency nested radiation unit and base station antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high and low frequency nested radiation unit and a base station antenna. On one hand, the high and low frequency nested radiation unit comprises a plurality of low frequency radiation units arranged in an array; a high-frequency radiation unit is arranged on the low-frequency radiation unit through a feed network structure; the feed network structure comprises an upper feed network and a lower feed network, wherein the upper feed network is arranged in the positive direction of a base normal of an adjacent low-frequency radiation unit through an upper feed network supporting piece and is connected with the low-frequency radiation unit to realize + / -45-degree polarization; and the lower-layer feed network is arranged in the negative direction of the base normal of the adjacent low-frequency radiation unit through a lower-layer feed network support piece and is connected with the low-frequency radiation unit to realize + / -45-degree polarization. On the other hand, the utility model also provides a base station antenna adopting the high and low frequency nested radiation unit. The utility model has the advantages that the matching precision can be ensured, the production process can be simplified to reduce the manufacturing cost, and the isolation stability can be effectively improved to reduce the performance difference among batches.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to a high- and low-frequency nested radiating unit and a base station antenna. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of communications, the radiating element is a crucial module of a base station antenna, directly affecting its overall performance, such as gain, beamwidth, front-to-back ratio, and cross-polarization ratio. Low-frequency radiating elements typically employ mirrored half-wave dipoles to form a bowl-shaped radiator in a two-element array. This bowl-shaped radiator achieves ±45° polarization, demonstrating excellent performance in various applications. However, this design requires a four-point feed and combining output via precision coaxial cables, increasing both the complexity of manufacturing and costs.

[0003] Currently, typical bowl-shaped radiating elements commonly employ a two-element array configuration, requiring four coaxial cables for power supply. This four-point feeding method achieves effective matching within the frequency range through coaxial cable mating or by connecting coaxial cables to PCB microstrip lines. However, this method has significant drawbacks:

[0004] First, the long feed length of coaxial cables leads to poor length precision control, making soldering difficult and requiring specialized tooling. Second, the introduction of PCB microstrip lines increases material costs and layout complexity, and the availability of PCB materials is poor due to long processing cycles, further increasing uncertainties in the manufacturing process. Third, direct connection using PCB microstrip lines presents challenges such as limited space and difficult routing due to both polarizations being on the front side simultaneously, and the coupling between polarizations leads to unstable isolation, resulting in significant performance differences between batches.

[0005] How to solve the above problems has become an urgent technical challenge. Utility Model Content

[0006] One objective of this invention is to provide a high- and low-frequency nested radiation unit that can ensure matching accuracy, simplify the production process to reduce manufacturing costs, and effectively improve isolation stability to reduce performance differences between batches.

[0007] Another objective of this invention is to provide a base station antenna employing the aforementioned high- and low-frequency nested radiating elements.

[0008] On the one hand, in order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0009] A nested high- and low-frequency radiating unit includes a plurality of low-frequency radiating units arranged in an array; high-frequency radiating units are provided on the low-frequency radiating units through a feeding network structure; the feeding network structure includes an upper feeding network that is provided in the positive direction of the base normal of the adjacent low-frequency radiating unit through an upper feeding network support and connected to the low-frequency radiating unit to achieve ±45° polarization, and a lower feeding network that is provided in the negative direction of the base normal of the adjacent low-frequency radiating unit through a lower feeding network support and connected to the low-frequency radiating unit to achieve ±45° polarization.

[0010] Preferably, the upper-layer power supply network includes an upper sheet metal 1 formed by an air microstrip transmission line in an upper annular groove pre-set on the upper part of the base of the low-frequency radiation unit via an upper-layer power supply network support member, and an upper sheet metal 2 with sheet metal end 1 and sheet metal end 2 disposed above the upper sheet metal 1 and connected to the upper sheet metal 1, and also includes a first coaxial cable with cable end 1 and cable end 2 disposed on the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit, and a second coaxial cable with cable end 3 and cable end 4.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the first coaxial cable is welded to the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiating unit, the second end of the first coaxial cable is welded to the first sheet metal end of the upper sheet metal, the third end of the second coaxial cable is welded to the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiating unit, and the fourth end of the second coaxial cable is welded to the second sheet metal end of the upper sheet metal.

[0012] Preferably, the lower-level power supply network includes a lower sheet metal 1 formed by an air microstrip transmission line in a pre-set lower annular groove at the lower part of the base of the low-frequency radiation unit via the lower-level power supply network support member, and a lower sheet metal 2 with an air microstrip end 1 and an air microstrip end 2 disposed below and connected to the lower sheet metal 1, and further includes a third coaxial cable with a lower cable end 1 and a lower cable end 2 disposed on the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiation unit, and a fourth coaxial cable with a lower cable end 3 and a lower cable end 4.

[0013] Preferably, the lower cable end one of the third coaxial cable is welded to the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiation unit, the lower cable end two of the third coaxial cable is welded to the air microstrip end one of the lower sheet metal, the lower cable end three of the fourth coaxial cable is welded to the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiation unit, and the lower cable end four of the fourth coaxial cable is welded to the air microstrip end two of the lower sheet metal. The high-frequency radiation unit is located above the upper sheet metal and its bottom is connected to the base of the low-frequency radiation unit.

[0014] Preferably, one end of the upper sheet metal is inserted into the first through hole of the base of the low-frequency radiation unit so as to cooperate with each other to form a medium coaxial transmission line, thereby achieving ±45° polarization and combining the four feed points into two points.

[0015] Preferably, one end of the lower sheet metal is inserted into the second through hole of the base of the low-frequency radiation unit so as to cooperate with each other to form a medium coaxial transmission line, thereby achieving ±45° polarization and combining the four feed points into two points.

[0016] On the other hand, a base station antenna employs the aforementioned high- and low-frequency nested radiating element.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0018] In this invention, a high-frequency radiating unit is nested within an array of low-frequency radiating units via a power supply network structure, forming a nested high- and low-frequency radiating unit. Furthermore, the power supply network structure employs a combination of an upper power supply network support, an upper power supply network, a lower power supply network support, and a lower power supply network, forming a bowl-shaped radiator with a two-point power supply output to achieve ±45° polarization. This power supply network structure effectively saves layout space and reduces solder joints, thus mitigating structural design and third-order intermodulation risks. It also effectively improves isolation stability, reducing batch-to-batch performance variations. Moreover, the air microstrip transmission line formed by the power supply network structure and the low-frequency radiating units replaces the PCB microstrip line, effectively improving material availability while reducing material costs and layout complexity, thereby simplifying the production process and lowering manufacturing costs. Therefore, this invention offers the advantages of ensuring matching accuracy, simplifying the production process to reduce manufacturing costs, and effectively improving isolation stability to reduce batch-to-batch performance variations. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the nested structure of a high- and low-frequency nested radiation unit according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a front-view installation diagram of a high- and low-frequency nested radiation unit according to this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the back mounting of a high- and low-frequency nested radiation unit according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4This is a Smith chart of a high- and low-frequency nested radiating unit as described in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a standing wave curve diagram of a high- and low-frequency nested radiation unit as described in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 This is an isolation curve diagram of a high- and low-frequency nested radiation unit as described in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 This is the radiation pattern of the H-+45° plane of a high- and low-frequency nested radiation unit as described in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 This is the radiation pattern of the E-+45° plane of a high- and low-frequency nested radiation unit as described in this utility model;

[0028] Figure 9 This is the H-45° surface radiation pattern of a high- and low-frequency nested radiation unit as described in this utility model;

[0029] Figure 10 This is the radiation pattern of the E-45° plane of a high- and low-frequency nested radiation unit as described in this utility model.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 10, Low-frequency radiation unit; 20, Feed network structure; 200, Upper feed network; 300, Lower feed network; 400, Upper feed network support; 500, Lower feed network support; 30, High-frequency radiation unit; 101, Upper annular groove; 203, Upper sheet metal part one; 2021, Sheet metal end one; 2022, Sheet metal end two; 202, Upper sheet metal part two; 2011, Cable end one; 2012, Cable end two; 201, First coaxial cable. 2041, Cable Terminal 3; 2042, Cable Terminal 4; 204, Second Coaxial Cable; 102, Lower Annular Groove; 303, Lower Sheet Metal 1; 3021, Air Microstrip Terminal 1; 3022, Air Microstrip Terminal 2; 302, Lower Sheet Metal 2; 3011, Lower Cable Terminal 1; 3012, Lower Cable Terminal 2; 301, Third Coaxial Cable; 3041, Lower Cable Terminal 3; 3042, Lower Cable Terminal 4; 304, Fourth Coaxial Cable; 103, First Through Hole; 104, Second Through Hole. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0032] See Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a nested high- and low-frequency radiating unit includes a plurality of low-frequency radiating units 10 arranged in an array; high-frequency radiating units 30 are provided on the low-frequency radiating units 10 through a feeding network structure 20; the feeding network structure 20 includes an upper feeding network 200 provided in the positive direction of the base normal of the adjacent low-frequency radiating unit 10 through an upper feeding network support 400 and connected to the low-frequency radiating unit 10 to achieve ±45° polarization, and a lower feeding network 300 provided in the negative direction of the base normal of the adjacent low-frequency radiating unit 10 through a lower feeding network support 500 and connected to the low-frequency radiating unit 10 to achieve ±45° polarization. During use, the high-frequency radiating unit 30 is nested on the arrayed low-frequency radiating units 10 through the feed network structure 20, thus forming a nested high- and low-frequency radiating unit to achieve ±45° polarization. Furthermore, the feed network structure 20 employs a structure consisting of an upper feed network support 400, an upper feed network 200, a lower feed network support 500, and a lower feed network 300 working together to form a bowl-shaped radiator with a two-point feed combined output, thereby achieving ±45° polarization. Two ±45° feed networks are now layered and isolated to combine the four feed points into two. In addition, the feed method implemented using this feed network structure 20 can effectively save layout space and reduce soldering points to reduce structural design and third-order intermodulation risks, effectively improve isolation stability to reduce batch-to-batch performance differences, and replace PCB microstrip lines with air microstrip transmission lines formed by the feed network structure 20 and low-frequency radiation unit 10, which effectively improves material availability while reducing material costs and layout complexity, thereby simplifying the production process and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0033] In this embodiment, the upper feed network 200 includes an upper sheet metal 203 formed by an air microstrip transmission line in an upper annular groove 101 pre-set on the upper part of the base of the low-frequency radiation unit 10 via an upper feed network support 400, and an upper sheet metal 202 with sheet metal end 1 2021 and sheet metal end 2022 disposed above the upper sheet metal 203 and connected to the upper sheet metal 203. It also includes a first coaxial cable 201 with cable end 1 2011 and cable end 2012 disposed on the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10, and a second coaxial cable 204 with cable end 3 2041 and cable end 4 2042. The first coaxial cable 201 has its cable end 2011 welded to the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10. The second cable end 2012 of the first coaxial cable 201 is welded to the first sheet metal end 2021 of the upper sheet metal 202. The third cable end 2041 of the second coaxial cable 204 is welded to the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10. The fourth cable end 2042 of the second coaxial cable 204 is welded to the second sheet metal end 2022 of the upper sheet metal 202.

[0034] In this embodiment, the lower-level power supply network 300 includes a lower sheet metal 303 formed by an air microstrip transmission line in a lower annular groove 102 pre-set in the lower part of the base of the low-frequency radiation unit 10 via the lower-level power supply network support 500, and a lower sheet metal 302 with an air microstrip end 3021 and an air microstrip end 3022 disposed below and connected to the lower sheet metal 303. It also includes a third coaxial cable 301 with a lower cable end 3011 and a lower cable end 3012 disposed on the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10, and a fourth coaxial cable 304 with a lower cable end 3041 and a lower cable end 3042 disposed on the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10. The lower cable end 3011 of the third coaxial cable 301 is welded to the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10. The lower cable end 3012 of the third coaxial cable 301 is welded to the air microstrip end 3021 of the lower sheet metal 302. The lower cable end 3041 of the fourth coaxial cable 304 is welded to the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10. The lower cable end 3042 of the fourth coaxial cable 304 is welded to the air microstrip end 3022 of the lower sheet metal 302. The high-frequency radiation unit 30 is located above the upper sheet metal 202 and its bottom is connected to the base of the low-frequency radiation unit 10.

[0035] In this embodiment, one end of the upper sheet metal 203 passes through a pre-set first through hole 103 in the base of the low-frequency radiation unit 10 to cooperate with each other to form a dielectric coaxial transmission line, thereby achieving ±45° polarization and combining the four feed points into two points. One end of the lower sheet metal 303 passes through a pre-set second through hole 104 in the base of the low-frequency radiation unit 10 to cooperate with each other to form a dielectric coaxial transmission line, thereby achieving ±45° polarization and combining the four feed points into two points.

[0036] In this embodiment, a base station antenna is provided, wherein the base station antenna employs the aforementioned high- and low-frequency nested radiating element.

[0037] In this embodiment, based on the base station antenna with the aforementioned high- and low-frequency nested radiating elements, the experimental results obtained through external EDA software simulation are as follows: Figures 4 to 10 As shown.

[0038] In specific use of this embodiment, firstly, the high-frequency radiation unit 30 is nested on the arrayed low-frequency radiation units 10 through the feed network structure 20, thereby forming a high-low frequency nested radiation unit to achieve a polarization mode of ±45°; secondly, the feed network structure 20 adopts a structure in which the upper feed network support 400, the upper feed network 200, the lower feed network support 500, and the lower feed network 300 cooperate with each other to combine the high-frequency radiation unit 30 and the low-frequency radiation unit 10, that is, the cable end 2011 of the first coaxial cable 201 is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10, and the cable end 2012 of the first coaxial cable 201 is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10. The second coaxial cable 2012 is welded to the sheet metal end 2021 of the upper sheet metal 202; the third cable end 2041 of the second coaxial cable 204 is welded to the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10; the fourth cable end 2042 of the second coaxial cable 204 is welded to the sheet metal end 2022 of the upper sheet metal 202; the first lower cable end 3011 of the third coaxial cable 301 is welded to the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10; the second lower cable end 3012 of the third coaxial cable 301 is welded to the air microstrip end 3021 of the lower sheet metal 202; the third lower cable end 3041 of the fourth coaxial cable 304 is welded to the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10. On the arm, the lower cable end 3042 of the fourth coaxial cable 304 is welded to the air microstrip end 3022 of the lower sheet metal 302. The high-frequency radiation unit 30 is placed above the upper sheet metal 202, and its bottom is connected to the base of the low-frequency radiation unit 10. The corresponding end of the upper sheet metal 203 is inserted into the first through hole 103 of the base of the low-frequency radiation unit 10 to form a dielectric coaxial transmission line, thereby achieving ±45° polarization and combining the four feed points into two points. Then, the corresponding end of the lower sheet metal 303 is inserted into the second through hole 104 of the base of the low-frequency radiation unit 10 to form a dielectric coaxial transmission line. The transmission line achieves ±45° polarization to combine the four feed points into two points, thereby forming an independent bowl-shaped radiator with two-point power supply output to achieve ±45° polarization. Finally, the power supply method implemented using this power supply network structure 20 can effectively save layout space and reduce soldering points to reduce structural design and third-order intermodulation risks, effectively improve isolation stability to reduce batch-to-batch performance differences, and replace PCB microstrip lines with air microstrip transmission lines formed by the power supply network structure 20 and low-frequency radiation unit 10, effectively improving material availability while reducing material costs and layout complexity, thereby simplifying the production process and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0039] In summary, the present invention, by adopting the above-described structure, has the advantages of ensuring matching accuracy, simplifying the production process to reduce manufacturing costs, and effectively improving isolation stability to reduce performance differences between batches.

[0040] For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and modifications can be made based on the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A nested high- and low-frequency radiating element, comprising a plurality of low-frequency radiating elements (10) arranged in an array; characterized in that: A high-frequency radiation unit (30) is provided on the low-frequency radiation unit (10) via a feed network structure (20); the feed network structure (20) includes an upper feed network (200) provided on the positive direction of the base normal of the adjacent low-frequency radiation unit (10) via an upper feed network support (400) and connected to the low-frequency radiation unit (10) to achieve ±45° polarization, and a lower feed network (300) provided on the negative direction of the base normal of the adjacent low-frequency radiation unit (10) via a lower feed network support (500) and connected to the low-frequency radiation unit (10) to achieve ±45° polarization.

2. The high- and low-frequency nested radiating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper feed network (200) includes an upper sheet metal one (203) formed by an air microstrip transmission line in an upper annular groove (101) pre-set on the upper part of the base of the low-frequency radiation unit (10) via an upper feed network support (400), and an upper sheet metal two (202) with sheet metal end one (2021) and sheet metal end two (2022) provided above the upper sheet metal one (203) and connected to the upper sheet metal one (203). It also includes a first coaxial cable (201) with cable end one (2011) and cable end two (2012) provided on the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit (10), and a second coaxial cable (204) with cable end three (2041) and cable end four (2042).

3. A high- and low-frequency nested radiating unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first cable end (2011) of the first coaxial cable (201) is welded to the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiating unit (10), the second cable end (2012) of the first coaxial cable (201) is welded to the first sheet metal end (2021) of the upper sheet metal (202), the third cable end (2041) of the second coaxial cable (204) is welded to the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiating unit (10), and the fourth cable end (2042) of the second coaxial cable (204) is welded to the second sheet metal end (2022) of the upper sheet metal (202).

4. A high- and low-frequency nested radiating unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower-level feed network (300) includes a lower sheet metal one (303) formed by an air microstrip transmission line in a lower annular groove (102) pre-set in the lower part of the base of the low-frequency radiation unit (10) via the lower-level feed network support (500), and a lower sheet metal two (302) with an air microstrip end one (3021) and an air microstrip end two (3022) located below the lower sheet metal one (303) and connected to the lower sheet metal one (303). It also includes a third coaxial cable (301) with a lower cable end one (3011) and a lower cable end two (3012) located on the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiation unit (10), and a fourth coaxial cable (304) with a lower cable end three (3041) and a lower cable end four (3042).

5. A high- and low-frequency nested radiating unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower cable end one (3011) of the third coaxial cable (301) is welded to the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiation unit (10), the lower cable end two (3012) of the third coaxial cable (301) is welded to the air microstrip end one (3021) of the lower sheet metal two (302), the lower cable end three (3041) of the fourth coaxial cable (304) is welded to the corresponding radiating arm of the low-frequency radiation unit (10), the lower cable end four (3042) of the fourth coaxial cable (304) is welded to the air microstrip end two (3022) of the lower sheet metal two (302), wherein the high-frequency radiation unit (30) is located above the upper sheet metal two (202) and its bottom is connected to the base of the low-frequency radiation unit (10).

6. A high- and low-frequency nested radiating unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the upper sheet metal (203) is inserted into the first through hole (103) of the base of the low frequency radiation unit (10) so as to cooperate with each other to form a medium coaxial transmission line, thereby achieving ±45° polarization to combine the four feed points into two points.

7. A high- and low-frequency nested radiating unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the lower sheet metal (303) is inserted into the second through hole (104) of the base of the low frequency radiation unit (10) so as to cooperate with each other to form a medium coaxial transmission line, thereby achieving ±45° polarization to combine the four feed points into two points.

8. A base station antenna, characterized in that: The base station antenna employs the high- and low-frequency nested radiating element as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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