Pneumatic conveying type precise corn seed-metering device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an air-conveying type precise corn seed-metering device, which relates to the field of seeding equipment and is characterized by comprising a rear shell, a bearing, a seed-metering disc, a hole plug-in unit, a transmission shaft, a positioning screw, a centrifugal reducing seed protection plate and a front shell component, the seed-metering disc is positioned in a seed-metering disc mounting groove of the rear shell, the transmission shaft is connected with the seed-metering disc through a positioning screw, the hole insert is mounted in a straight hole groove, the variable-diameter centrifugal seed protection plate is mounted on the outer side of the seed-metering disc to prevent the hole insert from being thrown out, and the front shell is connected with the rear shell through a positioning hole. The corn seed filling device is simple and reliable in structure, the filling posture of corn seeds is optimized by applying dynamic reducing in the seed filling section, the seed carrying stability and the seed cleaning efficiency are enhanced by utilizing the inclined type hole plug-in, and the single-seed precision seeding quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model discloses an air-pumped precision corn seed metering device, which relates to the field of seeding equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, domestic corn production faces two major challenges: first, the yield per unit area is low, making it difficult to meet the growing consumer demand; second, it is highly dependent on the international market. Against this backdrop, mechanized precision planting technology for corn has become a key link in breaking through the yield bottleneck, and its planting uniformity and reliability directly affect the emergence rate and final yield.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of large-scale agriculture, the demand for high-speed and high-precision seeding has increased significantly, and mechanized precision seeding has become the development trend of corn seeding. However, existing pneumatic seed metering devices are difficult to fill with seeds, have unstable seed carrying capacity, and are prone to seed damage during the seed cleaning process. Therefore, a pneumatic precision corn seed metering device has been developed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pneumatic precision seed metering device for corn, which improves upon the difficulties in seed filling and unstable seed carrying of pneumatic seed metering devices, as well as the ease with which seed damage occurs during the seed cleaning process, thereby reducing the missed seeding index and the replanting index.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: It comprises a rear housing 1, a bearing 2, a seed metering disc 3, a shaped hole insert 4, a drive shaft 5, a positioning screw 6, a centrifugal variable diameter seed protection plate 7, and a front housing 8 assembly. The bearing is installed in the bearing groove of the rear housing, the seed metering disc is positioned in the seed metering disc groove of the rear housing, the drive shaft is connected to the seed metering disc via the positioning screw, the shaped hole insert is installed in the straight shaped hole groove, the seed protection plate is installed on the outside of the seed metering disc to prevent the shaped hole insert from being thrown out, and the front housing is connected to the rear housing via a connecting plate.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the seed metering disc has five straight grooves and air passages arranged around its circumference, and a screw hole and a drive shaft hole are opened in the center.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the hole insert is provided with a T-shaped straight base and a trapezoidal oblique capture ear. The T-shaped straight base can be embedded in the straight hole groove, and the trapezoidal oblique capture ear and the T-shaped straight base have an angle of 70°.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the seed protection plate is provided with a primary filling plate, a secondary filling plate, a seed cleaning plate, and a seed discharging plate. The bottom outline of the primary filling plate, the seed cleaning plate, and the seed discharging plate is circular. The included angle of the primary filling plate is φ=70°. The connection between the secondary filling plate and the primary filling plate has a sudden change in radius.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the front shell is provided with an inlet pipe, an annular pipe, a return pipe, an outlet cavity, and an isolation cavity, and the angle between the return pipe and the inlet pipe is 40°.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the seed inlet pipe is provided with an inlet bend, a contraction section, a throat, and a diffusion section. The inner diameter of the inlet bend is 20 mm, the inclination angle of the contraction section is 40°, and the inclination angle of the diffusion section is 20°.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0012] This invention relates to a pneumatic precision seed metering device for corn, which uses airflow to uniformly supply seeds, avoiding missed or repeated filling due to seed accumulation. The device features a small angle between the return pipe and the seed inlet pipe, minimizing the speed difference between the returning and inlet seeds. Furthermore, it utilizes a centrifugal variable-diameter seed guard plate to adjust the orientation of the seeds in the orifice insert, effectively improving seed posture. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the pneumatic corn precision seed metering device of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a front view of the pneumatic corn precision seed metering device of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a left-side full sectional view of the pneumatic corn precision seed metering device of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pneumatic corn precision seed metering device of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the pneumatic corn precision seed metering device of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 6 This is the front view of the rear housing;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the seed metering disc structure;

[0020] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a hole insert;

[0021] Figure 9 This is the main view of the hole insert;

[0022] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a centrifugal variable diameter seed protection plate;

[0023] Figure 11This is a front view of the centrifugal variable diameter seed protection plate;

[0024] Figure 12 Schematic diagram I of the front housing structure;

[0025] Figure 13 Schematic diagram II of the front shell structure;

[0026] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram for implementation.

[0027] The reference numerals in the attached figures are:

[0028] 1. Rear housing 2. Bearing

[0029] 3-row seed tray with 4-hole insert

[0030] 5. Drive shaft 6. Locating screws

[0031] 7 Centrifugal variable diameter seed protection plate 8 Front shell

[0032] 9. Fan 10. Connecting pipe

[0033] 11 Seed supply device 12 Venturi seed supply tube

[0034] 1-1 Seed protector plate positioning groove I 1-2 Seed tray mounting groove

[0035] 1-3 Frame positioning holes; 1-4 Front housing positioning holes

[0036] 1-5 Airflow groove 1-6 Shaft hole

[0037] 1-7 Bearing Groove 3-1 Air Flow Hole

[0038] 3-2 Straight Hole Groove; 3-3 Screw Hole

[0039] 3-4 shaft hole 4-1 T-type straight base

[0040] 4-2 Trapezoidal oblique capture ear 4-3 Capture ear oblique surface

[0041] 4-4 base top 4-5 type hole insert front side

[0042] 4-6 suction holes, 7-1 seed inlet baffle

[0043] 7-2 Positioning Block 7-3 Radius Mutation

[0044] 7-4 Initial filling plate, 7-5 Fine filling plate

[0045] 7-6 Seed cleaning board; 7-7 Seed metering board

[0046] 8-1 Return pipe 8-2 Inlet bend

[0047] 8-3 contraction segment 8-4 throat

[0048] 8-5 Diffusion segment, 8-6 Exit oral cavity

[0049] 8-7 Positioning Hole 8-8 Seed Protector Plate Positioning Groove II

[0050] 8-9 Isolation chamber; 8-10 Annular pipe

[0051] 8-11 Seed Inlet Pipeline Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0053] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this utility model discloses an air-pumped precision corn seed metering device, comprising a rear housing 1, a bearing 2, a seed metering disc 3, a shaped hole insert 4, a drive shaft 5, a positioning screw 6, a centrifugal variable diameter seed protection plate 7, and a front housing 8. The bearing 2 is installed in the bearing groove 1-7 of the rear housing 1. The seed metering disc 3 is positioned in the seed metering disc mounting groove 1-2 of the rear housing 1. The shaped hole insert 4 is installed in the straight shaped hole groove 3-2. The drive shaft 5 is connected to the seed metering disc 3 via the positioning screw 6. The variable diameter centrifugal seed protection plate 7 is installed on the outside of the seed metering disc 3 to prevent the shaped hole insert 4 from being thrown out. The front housing 8 is connected to the rear housing 8 via positioning holes 8-7. In this embodiment, the drive shaft 5 is connected to the motor via a rigid coupling, and the rear housing 1 is connected to the frame via bolts.

[0054] like Figure 6 As shown, the rear housing 1 includes a seed protection plate positioning groove I1-1, a seed metering tray mounting groove 1-2, a frame positioning hole 1-3, a front housing positioning hole 1-4, an airflow groove 1-5, a shaft hole 1-6, and a bearing groove 1-7. The seed protection plate positioning groove I1-1 is located at the central axis of the seed metering tray mounting groove 1-2, and the front housing positioning hole 1-4 is located at the outer edge of the seed metering tray mounting groove 1-2.

[0055] like Figure 7 As shown, the seed metering disc 3 includes an air passage 3-1, a straight groove 3-2, a screw hole 3-3, and a shaft hole 3-4. The seed metering disc 3 has five evenly arranged air passages 3-1 and straight grooves 3-2 around its circumference. The shaft hole 3-4 is located at the center of the seed metering disc, and the shaft hole 3-4 has three evenly arranged screw holes 3-3 around its circumference.

[0056] like Figures 8-9As shown, the shaped hole insert 4 includes a T-shaped straight base 4-1, a trapezoidal oblique capturing ear 4-2, a capture ear inclined surface 4-3, a base top 4-4, a shaped hole insert front side 4-5, and a suction hole 4-6. The T-shaped straight base 4-1 can be embedded in the straight hole groove 3-2 of the seed metering tray 3, so that the shaped hole insert slides radially along the seed metering tray 3 in the straight hole groove 3-2. The trapezoidal oblique capturing ear 4-2 is inclined at a 70° angle to the T-shaped straight base 4-1, which can enhance the seed carrying stability. The shaped hole insert front side 4-5 is arc-shaped, which can reduce the resistance during rotation. The suction hole 4-6 allows airflow to adsorb seeds.

[0057] like Figures 10-11 As shown, the seed protection plate 7 includes a seed inlet baffle 7-1, a positioning block 7-2, a radius change 7-3, a primary filling plate 7-4, a secondary filling plate 7-5, a seed cleaning plate 7-6, and a seed discharge plate 7-7. The seed inlet baffle 7-1 can receive seeds entering the annular pipe 8-10 from the seed inlet pipe 8-11. The radius change 7-3 is located between the primary filling plate 7-4 and the secondary filling plate 7-5. The angle φ of the primary filling plate 7-4 is 70°.

[0058] like Figures 12-13 As shown, the front housing 8 includes a return pipe 8-1, an inlet bend 8-2, a contraction section 8-3, a throat 8-4, a diffuser section 8-5, an outlet chamber 8-6, a positioning hole 8-7, a seed-protecting plate positioning groove II 8-8, an isolation chamber 8-9, an annular pipe 8-10, and a seed-inlet pipe 8-11. The inner diameter of the inlet bend 8-2 is 20 mm, the inclination angle of the contraction section 8-3 is 40°, and the inclination angle of the diffuser section 8-5 is 20°. The seed-protecting plate positioning groove II 8-8 and the seed-protecting plate positioning groove I1-1 together clamp the positioning block 7-2 to prevent the seed-protecting plate from moving. The inlet bend 8-2 changes the trajectory of the seed-inlet, making the direction of the seed-inlet velocity consistent with that of the seed falling from the return pipe 8-1. The positioning hole 8-7 is aligned with the front housing positioning hole 1-4 by bolts to fix the position of the front housing. The isolation chamber 8-9 isolates the extra cavity in the middle of the seed metering device, restricting the movement trajectory of the seeds and airflow.

[0059] The working process of this utility model is as follows:

[0060] When the seed metering system is working, the blower 9 blows airflow into the connecting pipe 10. Seeds fall from the seed supply device 11 into the Venturi seed supply pipe 12 and are evenly and orderly blown into the seed inlet pipe 8-11 by the airflow, and then enter the annular pipe 8-10. The inside of the seed meterer is divided into a primary filling zone, a secondary filling zone, a seed cleaning zone, and a seed metering zone. When the seeds move to the primary filling plate 7-4, the drive shaft 5 drives the seed metering disc 3 to rotate. The perforated insert 4 installed on the seed metering disc 3 works in conjunction with the centrifugal variable diameter seed guard plate 7 to fill the perforated insert 4 with seeds in the primary filling zone of the seed meterer, forming seed clusters. Under the combined action of the centrifugal variable diameter seed guard plate 7 and the perforated insert 4, the seeds at the bottom of the perforated insert 4 are firmly pressed and covered by centrifugal force, completing the primary filling. However, seeds of different shapes and sizes may cause compression or arching when filled into the perforated holes, resulting in seed jamming. Therefore, the centrifugal variable diameter seed protection plate 7 has a radius abrupt change 7-3 at the connection between the initial filling plate 7-4 and the fine filling plate 7-5. Under the action of centrifugal force, the perforated insert 4 collides with the centrifugal variable diameter seed protection plate 7, and the collision realizes the micro-adjustment of the seed posture of the perforated insert 4, promoting the precise filling of single seeds. When the perforated insert 4 moves to the seed cleaning plate 7-5, the width of the centrifugal variable diameter seed protection plate 7 decreases. Seeds that do not occupy the bottom of the perforated insert 4 lose the support of the centrifugal variable diameter seed protection plate 7 in this area and detach from the perforated insert 4. Only the seeds at the bottom of the perforated insert 4 continue to rotate with the perforated insert 4 to the seed discharge plate 7-7. The detached seeds are then entered into the return pipe 8-1 by the action of centrifugal force and airflow, and flow back to the throat 8-4 along the return pipe 8-1 to participate in the next round of filling. When the seed hole moves to the seed metering plate 7-7, the width of the centrifugal variable diameter seed protection plate 7 narrows again. After losing the support of the centrifugal variable diameter seed protection plate 7, the seeds at the bottom of the seed hole insert 4 are separated from the seed hole insert 4 by the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity, thus completing the seed metering process.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A precision seed metering device for corn using air delivery, characterized in that: The device comprises a rear housing (1), a bearing (2), a seed metering disc (3), a shaped hole insert (4), a drive shaft (5), a positioning screw (6), a centrifugal variable diameter seed protection plate (7), and a front housing (8). The bearing (2) is installed in the bearing groove (1-7) of the rear housing (1). The seed metering disc (3) is positioned in the seed metering disc mounting groove (1-2) of the rear housing (1). The shaped hole insert (4) is installed in the straight shaped hole groove (3-2). The drive shaft (5) is connected to the seed metering disc (3) by the positioning screw (6). The variable diameter centrifugal seed protection plate (7) is installed on the outside of the seed metering disc (3) to prevent the shaped hole insert (4) from being thrown out. The front housing (8) is connected to the rear housing (1) through the positioning hole (8-7).

2. The pneumatic corn precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seeding tray (3) has five straight grooves (3-2) and air passages (3-1) arranged around its circumference, and a screw hole (3-3) and a shaft hole (3-4) are opened in the center.

3. The pneumatic corn precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole insert (4) is provided with a T-shaped straight base (4-1) and a trapezoidal oblique capture ear (4-2). The T-shaped straight base (4-1) can be embedded in the straight hole groove (3-2). The trapezoidal oblique capture ear (4-2) and the T-shaped straight base (4-1) have an angle of 70°.

4. The pneumatic corn precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed protection plate is provided with a primary filling plate (7-4), a secondary filling plate (7-5), a seed cleaning plate (7-6), and a seed dispensing plate (7-7). The bottom outlines of the primary filling plate (7-4), the seed cleaning plate (7-6), and the seed dispensing plate (7-7) are circular. The included angle φ of the primary filling plate (7-4) is 70°. The connection between the secondary filling plate (7-5) and the primary filling plate (7-4) is provided with a radius change (7-3).

5. The pneumatic corn precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front housing (8) is provided with an inlet pipe (8-11), an annular pipe (8-10), a return pipe (8-1), an outlet chamber (8-6), and an isolation chamber (8-9). The angle between the return pipe (8-1) and the inlet pipe (8-11) is 40°.

6. The pneumatic corn precision seed metering device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The seed inlet pipe (8-11) is provided with an inlet bend (8-2), a contraction section (8-3), a throat (8-4), and a diffuser section (8-5). The inner diameter of the inlet bend (8-2) is 20 mm, the inclination angle of the contraction section (8-3) is 40°, and the inclination angle of the diffuser section (8-5) is 20°.

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