Unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted L-band high-gain omnidirectional miniaturized knife-shaped antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted L-band high-gain omnidirectional miniaturized knife-shaped antenna, which comprises an antenna base and a composite substrate riveted on the antenna base, an upper oscillator and a lower oscillator are arranged on a first side surface of the composite substrate at intervals, a coupling oscillator is arranged on a second side surface of the composite substrate, and the coupling oscillator is connected with the antenna base. The antenna base is provided with a socket, the socket is connected with a coaxial cable, an outer conductor of the coaxial cable is welded with the lower oscillator, and an inner conductor of the coaxial cable is welded with the upper oscillator; on the basis of realizing a light-weight and small-volume structure, the antenna structure can have the performances of wide beam and high gain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of blade antenna technology, and in particular to a UAV-borne L-band high-gain omnidirectional miniaturized blade antenna. Background Technology

[0002] The UAV-borne blade antenna is a component in a communication system that radiates and receives electromagnetic waves. Its basic functions are, on the one hand, to convert the high-frequency oscillating signal output by the transmitter into electromagnetic waves and radiate them into the air, and on the other hand, to convert the electromagnetic waves received from the air into high-frequency oscillating signals and transmit them to the receiver. The efficiency index is the ratio of antenna radiated power to input power. It must not only meet the technical requirements, but also meet the requirements of the UAV's operating environment.

[0003] However, drones require low payload to avoid affecting normal flight. Due to the need for light weight and small size, there are fewer types of antennas that can be used. These generally include monopole whip antennas, inverted F antennas, slot antennas, and magnetoelectric dipoles. However, due to the limitations of weight and size, the antenna structure is difficult to meet the requirements of omnidirectional radiation, high gain, and single-feed multimode excitation performance. Furthermore, miniaturization may affect broadband expansion. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a UAV-borne L-band high-gain omnidirectional miniaturized blade antenna, which achieves a lightweight and small-volume structure while enabling the antenna structure to have wide beam and high gain performance.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A UAV-borne L-band high-gain omnidirectional miniaturized blade antenna includes an antenna base and a composite substrate riveted to the antenna base. An upper vibrator and a lower vibrator are spaced apart on a first side of the composite substrate, and a coupling vibrator is provided on a second side of the composite substrate. A socket is installed on the antenna base, and a coaxial cable is connected to the socket. The outer conductor of the coaxial cable is welded to the lower vibrator, and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable is welded to the upper vibrator.

[0007] Preferably, the composite substrate has a first isolation groove located between the upper oscillator and the lower oscillator.

[0008] Preferably, the composite substrate has a through groove located between the lower oscillators.

[0009] Preferably, the composite substrate has a second isolation groove located on the coupling oscillator.

[0010] Preferably, the upper oscillator, the lower oscillator, and the coupled oscillator are all metasurface structures.

[0011] Preferably, the antenna base is provided with two connecting blocks spaced apart, and the two connecting blocks are provided with slots. The composite substrate is engaged in the slots, and the connecting blocks are provided with rivets to fasten the composite substrate.

[0012] Preferably, the socket is provided with an anti-loosening bolt, which is fastened to the antenna base.

[0013] Preferably, an antenna cover that covers the composite substrate is mounted on the antenna base.

[0014] Preferably, the connection end of the socket is provided with a threaded connection structure.

[0015] Beneficial effects:

[0016] By integrating the upper vibrator, lower vibrator, and coupling vibrator simultaneously on a composite substrate to form a hybrid radiator structure, the overall antenna size can be miniaturized and made lighter, with an overall weight of less than 30g. This results in a structure with low wind resistance and a drag coefficient increment ΔCd < 0.003, thus meeting the requirements for application on UAVs.

[0017] Meanwhile, by adopting the above-mentioned hybrid radiator structure, the magnetic dipole and electric dipole are combined, which has a wide beam and high gain, and can achieve an effective spread bandwidth of ≥200MHz. At the same time, it solves the impedance matching problem under limited ground grid, and the antenna voltage standing wave is small, VSWR≤1.6. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the hybrid radiator structure in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a second-view structural schematic diagram of the hybrid radiator structure in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna base in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] exist Figures 1 to 4 In the diagram, the correspondence between component names or lines and the drawing numbers is as follows:

[0023] Antenna base 1, composite substrate 2, upper vibrator 3, lower vibrator 4, coupling vibrator 5, socket 6, coaxial cable 7, first isolation groove 8, through groove 9, second isolation groove 10, connecting block 11, slot 12, anti-loosening bolt 13, antenna cover 14, threaded connection structure 15. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0025] See Figures 1-4 As shown in the embodiment of this utility model, a UAV-borne L-band high-gain omnidirectional miniaturized blade antenna is proposed, including an antenna base 1 and a composite substrate 2 riveted to the antenna base 1. The first side of the composite substrate 2 is provided with an upper vibrator 3 and a lower vibrator 4 spaced apart, and the second side of the composite substrate 2 is provided with a coupling vibrator 5. By integrating the upper vibrator 3, the lower vibrator 4 and the coupling vibrator 5 on the composite substrate 2, a hybrid radiator structure is formed, realizing the combination of magnetic dipole and electric dipole, which has a wide beam and high gain, with an effective spread bandwidth ≥200MHz (full coverage of 1.3-1.5GHz). At the same time, it solves the impedance matching problem under limited grounding, and enables miniaturization and overall weight reduction. The size of the hybrid radiator structure can be within 119mm×18mm×2mm, and the thickness is less than 2mm, which can greatly reduce the weight. Meanwhile, a socket 6 is installed on the antenna base 1, and a coaxial cable 7 is connected to the socket 6. The outer conductor of the coaxial cable 7 is welded to the lower vibrator 4, and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 7 is welded to the upper vibrator 3. Signal transmission is achieved through the cooperation of the coaxial cable 7 and the socket 6.

[0026] With the above structure, the overall weight can be less than 30g, which fully meets the requirements for use on drones and will not affect the weight of the drone's flight. In addition, the overall blade-shaped structure has low wind resistance and the drag coefficient increment ΔCd < 0.003.

[0027] Specifically, in order to ensure the coupling and radiation performance of the hybrid radiator structure, a first isolation groove 8 is formed on the composite substrate 2 between the upper vibrator 3 and the lower vibrator 4, and a through groove 9 is formed on the composite substrate 2 between the lower vibrators 4. In addition, a second isolation groove 10 is formed on the composite substrate 2 on the coupling vibrator 5 to further improve the antenna performance.

[0028] Meanwhile, by making the upper oscillator 3, the lower oscillator 4, and the coupled oscillator 5 all metasurface structures, the effective wavelength can be compressed.

[0029] Specifically, in order to form a stable riveting for the composite substrate 2, two connecting blocks 11 are provided at intervals on the antenna base 1. The two connecting blocks 11 are provided with slots 12. The composite substrate 2 is engaged in the slots 12. The connecting blocks 11 are provided with rivets to fasten the composite substrate 2. After the composite substrate 2 is fastened by the slots 12, the riveting and fixing between the composite substrate 2 and the connecting blocks 11 is achieved by the rivets.

[0030] Meanwhile, the socket 6 is provided with an anti-loosening bolt 13, which is fastened to the antenna base 1 to ensure that the socket 6 will not become loose.

[0031] Furthermore, a threaded connection structure 15 is provided at the connection end of the socket 6. After the external connector is connected, the threaded connection structure 15 is used to lock it in place, preventing the connection from coming loose.

[0032] To provide good protection for the internal components, an antenna cover 14 is installed on the antenna base 1 to cover the composite substrate 2. The antenna cover 14 has a knife-shaped structure to ensure low wind resistance.

[0033] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this utility model is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A UAV-borne L-band high-gain omnidirectional miniaturized blade antenna, characterized in that: The antenna base (1) includes a composite substrate (2) riveted to the antenna base (1). The first side of the composite substrate (2) is provided with an upper vibrator (3) and a lower vibrator (4) spaced apart. The second side of the composite substrate (2) is provided with a coupling vibrator (5). A socket (6) is installed on the antenna base (1). A coaxial cable (7) is connected to the socket (6). The outer conductor of the coaxial cable (7) is welded to the lower vibrator (4), and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable (7) is welded to the upper vibrator (3).

2. The UAV-borne L-band high-gain omnidirectional miniaturized blade antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite substrate (2) has a first isolation groove (8) located between the upper vibrator (3) and the lower vibrator (4).

3. The UAV-borne L-band high-gain omnidirectional miniaturized blade antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The composite substrate (2) has a through groove (9) located between the lower oscillators (4).

4. The UAV-borne L-band high-gain omnidirectional miniaturized blade antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The composite substrate (2) has a second isolation groove (10) located on the coupling oscillator (5).

5. A UAV-borne L-band high-gain omnidirectional miniaturized blade antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The upper oscillator (3), the lower oscillator (4), and the coupled oscillator (5) are all metasurface structures.

6. The UAV-borne L-band high-gain omnidirectional miniaturized blade antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The antenna base (1) is provided with two connecting blocks (11) spaced apart. The two connecting blocks (11) are provided with slots (12). The composite substrate (2) is engaged in the slots (12). The connecting blocks (11) are provided with rivets to fasten the composite substrate (2).

7. The UAV-borne L-band high-gain omnidirectional miniaturized blade antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The socket (6) is provided with an anti-loosening bolt (13), which is fastened to the antenna base (1).

8. The UAV-borne L-band high-gain omnidirectional miniaturized blade antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The antenna base (1) is equipped with an antenna cover (14) that covers the composite substrate (2).

9. A UAV-borne L-band high-gain omnidirectional miniaturized blade antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The socket (6) has a threaded connection structure (15) at its connection end.

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