Charging and discharging gun

Abstract

The utility model discloses a charging and discharging gun which comprises a gun head main body and a plug end connected to the gun head main body, a first circuit board is arranged in the gun head main body, and a metal contact pin used for being connected with a butt joint accessory is arranged on the plug end; a second circuit board is arranged in the plug end, and the second circuit board is electrically connected with the metal pins; the second circuit board is electrically connected with a first resistor and a first temperature switch, the first temperature switch is used for detecting the temperature of the plug end, if the temperature is within a threshold range, the circuit is automatically switched on, or if the temperature exceeds the threshold range, the circuit is switched off; the first resistor is used for identifying whether a butt joint accessory connected with the plug end is correspondingly in a charging mode or a discharging mode, and the MCU module on the first circuit board reads the resistance value of the first resistor and controls the charging and discharging gun to enter the charging mode or the discharging mode. According to the utility model, identity identification and temperature monitoring are realized through a simple circuit, the cost is low, and the applicability is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of new energy vehicle charging and discharging technology, specifically a charging and discharging gun. Background Technology

[0002] A charging / discharging gun is a device that performs charging or discharging functions. During the charging / discharging process, it needs to be connected to adapters or discharge connectors, and identification is required for the gun to perform the corresponding charging or discharging operation. At the same time, the internal temperature of the charging / discharging gun head can become too high during charging or discharging, posing a safety hazard, so temperature monitoring is necessary.

[0003] The patent with publication number CN 117284114 A provides an identification control module for a charging and discharging gun and a control circuit that uses it. An identification chip is set on the plug end of the gun head. The identification information on the identification chip is read by the MCU module of the gun head to perform identification. The temperature is monitored by setting the identification chip as a temperature sensor chip with identification function. However, the chip cost is high in this way, which is not conducive to large-scale popularization and use. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a charging and discharging gun that achieves identification and temperature monitoring through a simple circuit, with low cost and good applicability.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model patent discloses a charging and discharging gun, including a gun head body and a plug end connected to the gun head body. A first circuit board is disposed within the gun head body, and an MCU module is disposed on the first circuit board. The plug end is integrally formed with the gun head body or is pluggable. The plug end is provided with metal pins for connecting to a docking accessory. A second circuit board is built into the plug end, and the second circuit board is electrically connected to the metal pins. A first resistor and a first temperature switch are electrically connected to the second circuit board. The first temperature switch is used to detect the temperature of the plug end; if the temperature is within a threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected; if the temperature exceeds the threshold range, the circuit is disconnected. The first resistor is used to identify whether the docking accessory connected to the plug end corresponds to a charging or discharging mode. The MCU module on the first circuit board reads the resistance value of the first resistor and controls the charging and discharging gun to enter the charging or discharging mode.

[0007] In one embodiment, the plug end and the gun head body are configured to be pluggable, and the plug end includes a high-level charging plug, a low-level charging plug and a discharge plug.

[0008] The second circuit boards of the high-end charging plug, the low-end charging plug, and the discharge plug all include a first resistor and a first temperature switch connected in series with the first resistor, and the resistance values ​​of the first resistors on the high-end charging plug, the low-end charging plug, and the discharge plug are all different.

[0009] In other embodiments, the plug end is integrated with the gun head body, and the metal pin on the plug end is set to one.

[0010] The second circuit board is provided with a terminal group, which has two ports, namely a first port and a second port; the second port is connected to ground, and the first port is connected in series with the first temperature switch to the metal pin; the first resistor is connected in parallel between the first port and the second port.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a first protection diode, which is connected in parallel between the first port and the second port.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes a first micro switch, which is connected to the first temperature switch. The first micro switch is provided with a normally closed pin, a normally open pin, and a common pin. The common pin and the normally closed pin are connected to a conducting circuit. Pressing the first micro switch disconnects the common pin from the normally open pin.

[0013] The aforementioned docking accessories are adapters or discharge connectors.

[0014] The adapter has a first connection socket adapted to the metal pin. The adapter also has a third circuit board, which includes a second resistor, a second temperature switch, a third resistor, and a second protection diode. The second temperature switch detects the temperature of the adapter; if the temperature is within a threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected; otherwise, the circuit is disconnected. The second resistor and the second temperature switch are connected in series, and the third resistor is connected in parallel at the ends of the second resistor and the second temperature switch. The second protection diode is also connected in parallel at the ends of the second resistor and the second temperature switch. When the metal pin is inserted into the first connection socket, the second and third circuit boards are electrically connected.

[0015] The discharge connector has a second connection socket adapted to the metal pin. A fourth circuit board is provided on the discharge connector. The fourth circuit board has a fourth resistor, a third temperature switch, a fifth resistor, and a third protection diode. The third temperature switch detects the temperature of the discharge connector; if the temperature is within a threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected; if the temperature exceeds the threshold range, the circuit is disconnected. The fourth resistor is connected in series with the third temperature switch, the fifth resistor is connected in parallel at the ends of the fourth resistor and the third temperature switch, and the third protection diode is connected in parallel at the ends of the fourth resistor and the third temperature switch. When the metal pin is inserted into the second connection socket, the second circuit board and the fourth circuit board are electrically connected.

[0016] In other embodiments, the plug end and the gun head body are integrated, and the plug end has two metal pins, including a first micro switch. The second circuit board has a terminal group with three ports: a first port, a second port, and a third port. The first port is connected to ground, and the second and third ports are respectively connected to two metal pins. The third port is connected in series with a first temperature switch and a first resistor, and a first protection diode is connected in parallel between the first and third ports. The second port is connected to the first micro switch, which has a normally closed pin, a normally open pin, and a common pin. The common pin and the normally closed pin are connected to form a conductive circuit, and the normally closed pin is connected to the first temperature switch. Pressing the first micro switch connects the common pin to the normally open pin, thereby disconnecting the circuit at the second port.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes a protection diode, which is connected in parallel between the first port and the third port.

[0018] The aforementioned docking accessory is an adapter, which has two first connection holes that are respectively adapted to the two metal pins.

[0019] The adapter is equipped with a third circuit board, which includes a second resistor, a second temperature switch, a third resistor, and a second protection diode. The second temperature switch detects the temperature of the adapter; if the temperature is within a threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected; otherwise, the circuit is disconnected. The second resistor is connected in series with the second temperature switch, and the third resistor is connected in parallel at the ends of the second resistor and the second temperature switch. The second protection diode is also connected in parallel at the ends of the second resistor and the second temperature switch. When the metal pin is inserted into the first connection socket, the second and third circuit boards are electrically connected.

[0020] The aforementioned docking accessory is a discharge connector. The discharge connector is provided with two second connection sockets that are respectively adapted to the two metal pins.

[0021] The discharge connector is equipped with a fourth circuit board, which includes a fourth resistor, a third temperature switch, a fifth resistor, and a third protection diode. The third temperature switch detects the temperature of the discharge connector; if the temperature is within a threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected; otherwise, the circuit is disconnected. The fourth resistor is connected in series with the third temperature switch, the fifth resistor is connected in parallel at the ends of the fourth resistor and the third temperature switch, and the third protection diode is connected in parallel at the ends of the fourth resistor and the third temperature switch. When the metal pin is inserted into the second connection socket, the second circuit board and the fourth circuit board are electrically connected.

[0022] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention provides a charging and discharging gun by setting a second circuit board at the plug end, and the MCU module can identify the device by reading the resistance value of the first resistor. The temperature at the plug end can be monitored by setting a temperature switch, which improves the intelligence and safety of the charging and discharging gun. Moreover, the circuit structure is simple, the cost is low, and it is conducive to large-scale production and popularization.

[0024] 2. This utility model sets a temperature switch and a resistor on the docking accessories (adapters or discharge connectors), which can realize the function of synchronously monitoring the temperature of the docking accessories and ensure the safe use of the docking accessories. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the charging / discharging gun in Example 1, where the gun head body and plug end are pluggable.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the charging and discharging gun in Example 2, where the gun head and plug are integrated (with only one metal pin).

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the charging / discharging gun and the adapter.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the charging / discharging gun and the discharge connector.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the charging and discharging gun in Example 3, where the gun head and plug are integrated (with two metal pins).

[0030] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the high-level charging mode in Example 1.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the low-level charging mode in Example 1.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the discharge mode in Example 1.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of the high-level charging mode in Example 2.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a circuit diagram of the low-level charging mode in Example 2.

[0035] Figure 11 This is a circuit diagram of the discharge mode in Example 2.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a circuit diagram of the high-level charging mode in Example 3.

[0037] Figure 13 This is a circuit diagram of the low-level charging mode in Example 3.

[0038] Figure 14 This is a circuit diagram of the discharge mode in Example 3.

[0039] Main component symbols:

[0040] 1: Gun head body, 2: Plug end, 21: High-level charging plug, 22: Low-level charging plug, 23: Discharge plug, 24: Metal pin, 3: Adapter, 31: First connection socket, 4: Discharge strip, 41: Second connection socket, 5: First circuit board, 6: Second circuit board, 7: Third circuit board, 8: Fourth circuit board. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] like Figures 1-4As shown, the charging and discharging gun of this utility model includes a gun head body 1 and a plug end 2 connected to the gun head body. The gun head body 1 is connected to the vehicle. When the charging gun is charging, the plug end 2 can be plugged into the mains power supply to charge the vehicle (high-level charging); or the plug end 2 can be connected to an adapter 3 (16A to 10A converter), and the adapter 3 can be plugged into the mains power supply to charge the vehicle (low-level charging). When the charging gun is discharging, the plug end 2 is plugged into a discharge connector 4 to discharge. The discharge connector 4 can be connected to one or more loads, such as electrical products (e.g., lights, ovens, fans, electronic smart devices, etc.). A first circuit board 5 is provided inside the gun head body 1. The first circuit board 5 is equipped with an MCU module. The MCU module is an existing module responsible for intelligent control, communication management, safety protection, and status monitoring of the charging and discharging process. The MCU module can be an existing model such as ARM Cortex-M series, RISC-V, STM32, etc.

[0043] The connection between the gun head body 1 and the plug end 2 can be either integrated or plug-in, such as... Figure 1 The diagram shows a plug-in connection; the gun head body 1 is compatible with different plug terminals 2. For example... Figure 2-5 The image shown is of a single unit. The following examples illustrate three different charging / discharging guns in detail.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a charging and discharging gun, wherein the gun head body 1 and the plug end 2 are pluggable, and the plug end 2 includes a high-level charging plug 21 (i.e., fast charging plug), a low-level charging plug 22 (i.e., slow charging plug) and a discharging plug 23.

[0046] In this embodiment, the plug end 2 is set to a three-prong plug, such as a high-end charging plug that is compatible with a 16A socket and a low-end charging plug that is compatible with a 10A socket. When it is necessary to insert into a 10A socket for charging, the high-end charging plug needs to be connected to the adapter 5 first before it can be connected to the 10A socket.

[0047] In addition to three pins corresponding to N (neutral), L (live), and PE (ground), the plug end 2 of this invention also has a metal pin 24 that connects to the mating accessory. The plug end 2 has a built-in second circuit board 6, which is electrically connected to the metal pin 24.

[0048] like Figure 6-8As shown, in this embodiment, the second circuit board 6 includes a first resistor and a first temperature switch connected in series with the first resistor. The resistance values ​​of the first resistors on the high-end charging plug 21, the low-end charging plug 22, and the discharge plug 23 are all different. The temperature switch uses a bimetallic strip as the temperature sensing element. When the appliance is working normally, the bimetallic strip is in a free state, and the contacts are in a closed / open state. When the temperature rises to the operating temperature value (threshold), the bimetallic element generates internal stress due to heat and quickly actuates, opening / closing the contacts, cutting off / connecting the circuit, thereby providing thermal protection. When the temperature drops to the normal temperature (within the threshold range), the contacts automatically close / open, restoring normal operation. Temperature switches can be purchased directly from the market.

[0049] Figure 6-8 The circuit in the left box is the circuit of the first circuit board 5, and the circuit in the right box is the circuit of the second circuit board 6 at the connector end. CK1-CK4 in the diagram represent the locations of solder pads or signal ports. Figure 6 As shown, the circuit of the second circuit board 6 of the high-end charging plug includes a first resistor R11 and a first temperature switch RT1 connected in series with R11. The resistance value of R11 is set to 47kΩ. Figure 7 As shown, the circuit of the second circuit board 6 of the low-end charging plug 22 includes a first resistor R12 and a first temperature switch RT2 connected in series with R12. The resistance value of R12 is set to 15kΩ. Figure 8 As shown, the circuit of the second circuit board 6 of the discharge plug 23 includes a first resistor R13 and a first temperature switch RT3 connected in series with R13, and the resistance value of R13 is set to 4.7kΩ.

[0050] In practical use, the user selects the corresponding plug end according to the specific socket model, and then plugs the plug end into the main body of the charging gun. After that, the main body of the charging gun is connected to the new energy vehicle. At this time, the different plug ends correspond to the following plug-in methods:

[0051] ① Insert the high-end charging plug 21 into the AC power terminal to enter the high-end charging mode.

[0052] ② First, plug the plug end of the low-speed charging plug 22 into the adapter 3, and then plug it into the mains power end through the adapter to enter the low-speed charging mode.

[0053] ③ Insert the discharge plug 23 into the discharge connector 4 to enter the discharge mode.

[0054] The MCU module on the first circuit board identifies the resistance value of the first resistor. If the identified resistance value corresponds to the corresponding mode (e.g., in this embodiment, a resistance value of 47kΩ indicates a high-level charging mode; a resistance value of 15kΩ indicates a low-level charging mode; and a resistance value of 4.7kΩ indicates a discharging mode), then the identification is successful, and the corresponding mode is entered. If the identified resistance value does not match the corresponding mode, then the identification fails, and the corresponding mode operation is not performed. Simultaneously, the first temperature switch detects the temperature at the plug end. If the temperature is within the threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected; otherwise, the circuit is disconnected if the temperature exceeds the threshold range.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment discloses a charging and discharging gun, in which the gun head body 1 and the plug end 2 are integrated, that is, charging and discharging operations can be realized simultaneously through one gun (also called a charging and discharging integrated gun).

[0057] In this embodiment, the plug end 2 is configured as a three-prong plug, with three pins corresponding to N (neutral), L (live), and PE (ground). In addition, it also has a metal pin 24 (3+1 configuration) for connection with the mating accessory. The plug end 2 has a built-in second circuit board 6, which is electrically connected to the metal pin 24.

[0058] like Figure 9 As shown, the circuit in the left box is the circuit of the first circuit board 5, and the circuit in the right box is the circuit of the second circuit board 6 at the plug end. CK1 in the diagram indicates the location of the signal port. Figure 10-11 As shown in the figure, the circuit of the first circuit board 5 is omitted. The circuit of the first circuit board 5 is related to... Figure 9 The same. Figure 10 The circuit in the left box is the circuit of the second circuit board 6 on the plug end, and the circuit in the right box is the circuit of the third circuit board 7 on the adapter 3. CK5 in the figure is the location of the solder pad. Figure 11 The circuit in the left box is the circuit of the second circuit board 6 at the plug end, and the circuit in the right box is the circuit of the fourth circuit board 8 on the discharge connector 4. CK6 in the figure is the location of the solder pad.

[0059] The second circuit board 6 is equipped with a terminal group J1, a first temperature switch RT4, a first resistor R14, a first micro switch SW1, and a first protection diode D1. Terminal group J1 has two ports: a first port (port number 1 in J1 in the diagram) and a second port (port number 2 in J1 in the diagram). The first port is connected to a metal pin. The second port is connected to ground. The first temperature switch RT4 is connected in series with the first port. The first temperature switch RT4 detects the temperature at the plug end; if the temperature is within a threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected; otherwise, the circuit is disconnected. The first resistor R14 is connected in parallel between the first port and the second port. The first protection diode D1 is also connected in parallel between the first port and the second port.

[0060] The other end of the first temperature switch RT4 is connected to the first micro switch SW1. The first micro switch SW1 has a normally closed pin 1, a normally open pin 2, and a common pin 3. The common pin 3 is connected to the normally closed pin 1 to conduct the circuit. The normally closed pin 1 is connected to the first temperature switch SW1. Pressing the first micro switch SW1 connects the common pin to the normally open pin, thereby disconnecting the circuit.

[0061] The connecting accessories are adapter 3 or discharge connector 4.

[0062] like Figure 3 , 10 As shown, the adapter 3 has a first connection socket 31 that mates with the metal pin 24. When the plug end 2 is inserted into the adapter 3, the metal pin 24 is inserted into the first connection socket 31, and the second circuit board 6 is connected to the third circuit board 7 on the adapter 3. The third circuit board 7 has a second resistor R15, a second temperature switch RT5, a third resistor R16, and a second protection diode D2. The second temperature switch RT5 is used to detect the temperature of the adapter. If the temperature is within a threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected; if the temperature exceeds the threshold range, the circuit is disconnected. The second resistor R15 is connected in series with the second temperature switch RT5, and the third resistor R16 is connected in parallel between the ends of the second resistor R15 and the second temperature switch RT5. The second protection diode D2 is connected in parallel between the ends of the second resistor R15 and the second temperature switch RT5.

[0063] like Figure 4 , 11As shown, the discharge connector 4 is provided with a second connection socket 41 that is adapted to the metal pin 24. When the plug end 2 is plugged into the discharge connector 4, the metal pin 24 is inserted into the second connection socket 41, and the second circuit board 6 is connected to the fourth circuit board 8 on the discharge connector 4. The fourth circuit board 8 is provided with a fourth resistor R17, a third temperature switch RT6, a fifth resistor R18, and a third protection diode D3. The third temperature switch RT6 is used to detect the temperature of the discharge connector. If the temperature is within the threshold range, the circuit is automatically turned on; if the temperature exceeds the threshold range, the circuit is turned off. The fourth resistor R17 is connected in series with the third temperature switch RT6, the fifth resistor R18 is connected in parallel at the ends of the fourth resistor R17 and the third temperature switch RT6, and the third protection diode D3 is connected in parallel at the ends of the fourth resistor R17 and the third temperature switch RT6.

[0064] In practical use, the user connects the charging / discharging gun head to the new energy vehicle, and the plug connection method is as follows:

[0065] ①For example Figure 9 As shown, plug end 2 is inserted into the AC power terminal to enter the high-level charging mode;

[0066] ②For example Figure 10 As shown, plug 2 is first plugged into adapter 3, and then plugged into the AC power terminal through adapter 3 to enter the low-level charging mode;

[0067] ③ For example Figure 11 As shown, plug end 2 is inserted into discharge connector 4 to enter discharge mode.

[0068] The MCU module on the first circuit board identifies the resistance value in the circuit. If the identified resistance is the value of R14, it indicates direct connection to the AC power supply, confirming a high-level charging mode. If the identified resistance is the total resistance of R14, R15, and R16 connected in parallel, it indicates the plug is connected to the adapter, confirming a low-level charging mode. If the identified resistance is the total resistance of R14, R17, and R18 connected in parallel, it indicates the plug is connected to the discharge connector, confirming a discharge mode. Successful identification allows entry into the corresponding mode. If the identified resistance value does not match the corresponding mode, identification fails, and no mode operation is performed. Simultaneously, the first temperature switch detects the temperature of the plug, the second temperature switch detects the temperature of the adapter, and the third temperature switch detects the temperature of the discharge connector. If the temperature is within a threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected; otherwise, the circuit is disconnected. The four resistors R15, R16, R17, and R18 have different values; the value of a specific resistor is determined by measuring the voltage across it. Because different resistor values ​​result in different voltages after voltage division, the digital values ​​read by the ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) will fall within different ranges. This invention utilizes different resistors R15, R16, R17, and R18 to divide the corresponding ADC measurement values ​​into distinct numerical ranges when RT5 and RT6 are disconnected at high temperatures, avoiding overlapping ranges and ensuring the system can reliably distinguish between different modes or configurations. This design improves anti-interference capability and reduces the risk of misjudgment.

[0069] After using the charging gun, when you need to unplug it, first press the micro switch to disconnect the circuit, and then unplug it to improve safety.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] This embodiment discloses a charging and discharging gun, in which the gun head body 1 and the plug end 2 are integrated, that is, charging and discharging operations can be realized simultaneously through one gun (also called a charging and discharging integrated gun).

[0072] Combination Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the plug end 2 is configured as a three-prong plug, with three pins corresponding to N (neutral), L (live), and PE (ground). In addition, it also has two metal pins 24 (3+2 configuration) that connect to the mating accessories. The plug end 2 has a built-in second circuit board 6, which is electrically connected to the metal pins 24.

[0073] In this embodiment, the circuit of the first circuit board 5 is the same as that in Embodiment 2. Figure 12-14 Not shown in the middle. For example... Figure 12 The diagram shows the circuitry of the second circuit board 6. (As shown...) Figure 13 In the diagram, the circuit in the left box represents the circuit of the second circuit board 6, and the circuit in the lower right box represents the circuit of the third circuit board 7 at the plug end. For example... Figure 14 In the middle, the circuit in the left box is the circuit of the second circuit board 6, and the circuit in the lower right box is the circuit of the discharge busbar plugged into the fourth circuit board 8.

[0074] like Figure 12 As shown, the second circuit board 6 is equipped with terminal group J2, first temperature switch RT7, first resistor R19, first micro switch SW2, and first protection diode D4. Terminal group J2 has three ports: port 1 (port number 1 in J2 in the figure), port 2 (port number 2 in J2 in the figure), and port 3 (port number 3 in J2 in the figure). Port 1 is grounded. Ports 2 and 3 are connected to two metal pins, respectively, serving as signal port 1 (IO CK1) and signal port 2 (IO CK2). Port 3 is connected in series with the first temperature switch RT7. The first temperature switch RT7 is used to detect the temperature of the plug end. If the temperature is within the threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected; if the temperature exceeds the threshold range, the circuit is disconnected. The first resistor R19 is connected in series with the first temperature switch RT7. The first protection diode D4 is connected in parallel between port 1 and port 3. Port 2 is connected to the first micro switch SW2, which has a normally closed pin 1, a normally open pin 2, and a common pin 3. The common pin 3 is connected to the normally closed pin 1 to conduct the circuit. Pressing the first micro switch SW2 connects the common pin to the normally open pin, thereby disconnecting the circuit of signal port 2.

[0075] The connecting accessories are adapter 3 or discharge connector 4.

[0076] like Figure 13 As shown, the adapter 3 has two first connection sockets 31 that mate with two metal pins 24. When the plug end 2 is inserted into the adapter 3, the metal pins 24 are inserted into the first connection sockets 31, and the second circuit board 6 is connected to the third circuit board 7 on the adapter 3. The third circuit board 7 has a second resistor R20, a second temperature switch RT8, a third resistor R21, and a second protection diode D5. The second temperature switch RT8 is used to detect the temperature of the adapter. If the temperature is within a threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected; if the temperature exceeds the threshold range, the circuit is disconnected. The second resistor R20 is connected in series with the second temperature switch RT8, and the third resistor R21 is connected in parallel between the ends of the second resistor R20 and the second temperature switch RT8. The second protection diode D5 is connected in parallel between the ends of the second resistor R20 and the second temperature switch RT8.

[0077] like Figure 14As shown, the discharge connector 4 is provided with a second connection socket 41 adapted to the two metal pins 24. When the plug end 2 is plugged into the discharge connector 4, the metal pins 24 are inserted into the second connection socket 41, and the second circuit board 6 is connected to the fourth circuit board 8 on the discharge connector 4. The fourth circuit board 8 is provided with a fourth resistor R22, a third temperature switch RT9, a fifth resistor R23, and a third protection diode D6. The third temperature switch RT9 is used to detect the temperature of the discharge connector. If the temperature is within the threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected; if the temperature exceeds the threshold range, the circuit is disconnected. The fourth resistor R22 is connected in series with the third temperature switch RT9, the fifth resistor R23 is connected in parallel at the ends of the fourth resistor R22 and the third temperature switch RT9, and the third protection diode D6 is connected in parallel at the ends of the fourth resistor R22 and the third temperature switch RT9.

[0078] In practical use, the user connects the charging gun head body 1 to the new energy vehicle, and the plug end 2 is connected in the following manner:

[0079] ①For example Figure 12 As shown, plug end 2 is inserted into the AC power terminal to enter the high-level charging mode;

[0080] ②For example Figure 13 As shown, plug 2 is first plugged into adapter 3, and then plugged into the AC power terminal through adapter 3 to enter the low-level charging mode;

[0081] ③ For example Figure 14 As shown, plug end 2 is inserted into discharge connector 4 to enter discharge mode.

[0082] The MCU module on the first circuit board 5 identifies the resistance value in the circuit. If the identified resistance is the value of R19, it indicates direct connection to the AC power supply, confirming a high-level charging mode. If the identified resistance is the total resistance of R20 and R21 connected in parallel, it indicates the plug is connected to the adapter, confirming a low-level charging mode. If the identified resistance is the total resistance of R22 and R23 connected in parallel, it indicates the plug is connected to the discharge connector, confirming a discharge mode. Successful identification allows entry into the corresponding mode. If the identified resistance value does not match the corresponding mode, identification fails, and no corresponding mode operation is performed. Simultaneously, the first temperature switch detects the temperature of the plug, the second temperature switch detects the temperature of the adapter, and the third temperature switch detects the temperature of the discharge connector. If the temperature is within the threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected; otherwise, the circuit is disconnected if the temperature exceeds the threshold range.

[0083] After using the charging gun, when you need to unplug it, first press the micro switch to disconnect the circuit, and then unplug it to improve safety.

[0084] The 3+2 structure used in Example 2, compared to the 3+1 structure in Example 1, is easier to implement in terms of software logic. It uses two signal ports, one for gear selection and the other for temperature detection, with each port having only three ADC steps, making implementation much simpler. Example 1 uses only one signal port for both temperature detection and gear selection, resulting in more ADC steps, but its circuit structure is simpler.

[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A charging / discharging gun, comprising a gun head body and a plug terminal connected to the gun head body, wherein a first circuit board is disposed within the gun head body, and an MCU module is disposed on the first circuit board, and the plug terminal is integrally disposed with the gun head body or is pluggable; characterized in that: The plug end is provided with a metal pin for connecting with a mating accessory; The plug end has a built-in second circuit board, which is electrically connected to the metal pins. The second circuit board is electrically connected to a first resistor and a first temperature switch. The first temperature switch is used to detect the temperature of the plug end. If the temperature is within the threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected, or if the temperature exceeds the threshold range, the circuit is disconnected. The first resistor is used to identify whether the mating accessory connected to the plug end corresponds to the charging mode or the discharging mode. The MCU module on the first circuit board reads the resistance value of the first resistor and controls the charging and discharging gun to enter the charging mode or the discharging mode.

2. The charging and discharging gun as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The plug end and the gun head body are configured to be pluggable, and the plug end includes a high-level charging plug, a low-level charging plug and a discharge plug. The second circuit boards of the high-end charging plug, the low-end charging plug, and the discharge plug all include a first resistor and a first temperature switch connected in series with the first resistor, and the resistance values ​​of the first resistors on the high-end charging plug, the low-end charging plug, and the discharge plug are all different.

3. The charging and discharging gun as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The plug end is integrated with the gun head body, and the metal pin on the plug end is set to one; The second circuit board is provided with a terminal group, which has two ports, namely a first port and a second port; the second port is connected to ground, and the first port is connected in series with the first temperature switch to the metal pin; the first resistor is connected in parallel between the first port and the second port.

4. The charging and discharging gun as described in claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a first protection diode, which is connected in parallel between the first port and the second port.

5. The charging and discharging gun as described in claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a first micro switch, which is connected to the first temperature switch. The first micro switch has a normally closed pin, a normally open pin, and a common pin. The common pin and the normally closed pin are connected to a conducting circuit. Pressing the first micro switch disconnects the common pin from the normally open pin.

6. The charging / discharging gun according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The aforementioned docking accessories are adapters or discharge connectors; The adapter has a first connection socket adapted to the metal pin; the adapter has a third circuit board, which has a second resistor, a second temperature switch, a third resistor, and a second protection diode. The second temperature switch detects the temperature of the adapter; if the temperature is within a threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected; if the temperature exceeds the threshold range, the circuit is disconnected. The second resistor and the second temperature switch are connected in series, the third resistor is connected in parallel at the ends of the second resistor and the second temperature switch, and the second protection diode is connected in parallel at the ends of the second resistor and the second temperature switch. When the metal pin is inserted into the first connection socket, the second circuit board and the third circuit board are electrically connected. The discharge connector is provided with a second connection socket adapted to the metal pin; the discharge connector is provided with a fourth circuit board, which is provided with a fourth resistor, a third temperature switch, a fifth resistor and a third protection diode. The third temperature switch is used to detect the temperature of the discharge connector. If the temperature is within a threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected, or if the temperature exceeds the threshold range, the circuit is disconnected. The fourth resistor is connected in series with the third temperature switch, the fifth resistor is connected in parallel at the ends of the fourth resistor and the third temperature switch, and the third protection diode is connected in parallel at the ends of the fourth resistor and the third temperature switch. When the metal pin is inserted into the second connection socket, the second circuit board and the fourth circuit board are electrically connected.

7. The charging and discharging gun as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The plug end is integrated with the gun head body, and the plug end has two metal pins and also includes a first micro switch; The second circuit board is provided with a terminal group, which has three ports: a first port, a second port, and a third port. The first port is connected to ground, and the second and third ports are respectively connected to two metal pins; The third port is connected in series with the first temperature switch and the first resistor, and the first protection diode is connected in parallel between the first port and the third port; The second port is connected to the first micro switch. The first micro switch has a normally closed pin, a normally open pin, and a common pin. The common pin and the normally closed pin are connected to form a conducting circuit, and the normally closed pin is connected to the first temperature switch. Pressing the first micro switch connects the common pin to the normally open pin, thereby disconnecting the circuit of the second port.

8. The charging and discharging gun as described in claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a protection diode, which is connected in parallel between the first port and the third port.

9. The charging and discharging gun as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The aforementioned docking accessory is an adapter, which has two first connection holes that are respectively adapted to the two metal pins; The adapter is equipped with a third circuit board, which includes a second resistor, a second temperature switch, a third resistor, and a second protection diode. The second temperature switch detects the temperature of the adapter; if the temperature is within a threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected; otherwise, the circuit is disconnected. The second resistor is connected in series with the second temperature switch, and the third resistor is connected in parallel at the ends of the second resistor and the second temperature switch. The second protection diode is also connected in parallel at the ends of the second resistor and the second temperature switch. When the metal pin is inserted into the first connection socket, the second circuit board and the third circuit board are electrically connected.

10. The charging and discharging gun as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The aforementioned docking accessory is a discharge connector; the discharge connector is provided with two second connection holes that are respectively adapted to the two metal pins; The discharge connector is equipped with a fourth circuit board, which includes a fourth resistor, a third temperature switch, a fifth resistor, and a third protection diode. The third temperature switch detects the temperature of the discharge connector; if the temperature is within a threshold range, the circuit is automatically connected; otherwise, the circuit is disconnected. The fourth resistor is connected in series with the third temperature switch, the fifth resistor is connected in parallel at the ends of the fourth resistor and the third temperature switch, and the third protection diode is connected in parallel at the ends of the fourth resistor and the third temperature switch. When the metal pin is inserted into the second connection socket, the second circuit board and the fourth circuit board are electrically connected.

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