Nonlinear ultralow-rigidity elastic boot

Abstract

The utility model relates to a non-linear ultra-low rigidity elastic sleeve shoe, which is arranged in a cavity between a short sleeper (5) and a sleeper base (6), the elastic sleeve shoe comprises a cast-in-place elastic body (1), a sealing body (2), an ultra-low rigidity elastic body (3) and a bonding layer (4), the cast-in-place elastic body (1) is embedded in the cavity and is connected with the short sleeper (5) and the base (6) into a whole through the bonding layer (4), and the sealing body (2) and the ultra-low rigidity elastic body (3) are connected into a whole through the bonding layer (4). And the ultralow-rigidity elastic body (3) is arranged between the supporting base (6) and the supported short sleeper (5). Compared with the prior art, the elastic short sleeper meets the vibration reduction requirement, and solves the problems that an existing elastic short sleeper is aged and deformed in the using process, stripping and gaps exist among the short sleeper, the elastic sleeve shoe and a ballast bed, and the service life of the short sleeper is prolonged. And the short sleeper can be replaced and repaired under the condition that the operation condition is not influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model is applicable to the field of rail transit, specifically relating to nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boots. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of urban rail transit, people's requirements for environmental protection, vibration, and noise are gradually increasing. Elastic short sleepers are widely used in track vibration reduction measures, such as those attached... Figure 11 As shown, existing elastic short sleeper vibration isolation products generally include reinforced concrete track bed, elastic boots and rubber pads under the sleepers, and short sleepers. The elastic boot consists of an outer jacket 7-1 and an elastic layer 7-2. After a train passes, the track vibrates under the force of the wheel and rail, and the transmission of this vibration is isolated by the elastic boot between the short sleeper and the track bed. Its designed vibration isolation is 8-12 dB compared to a conventional integral track bed. However, with continuous operation, the vibration isolation system suffers from fatigue loads and aging and deformation of the elastic boot material. This leads to delamination between the short sleeper, elastic boot, and track bed, widening the gap and causing phenomena such as short sleeper slack, large gauge variations, reduced vibration isolation, and short sleeper breakage, posing significant hidden dangers to train safety. Furthermore, existing elastic... The elastic boots of the existing short elastic sleepers are not bonded to the surrounding concrete ballast. Under train load, the vertical movement of the short sleeper relative to the ballast causes relative sliding between the boots and the ballast. Over long-term movement, wear gaps appear between the elastic boots and the surrounding concrete. Water and dust seep into the interior through these gaps, accelerating the damage to the boots, sleepers, and ballast, and directly affecting the track's geometry. Furthermore, the existing short elastic sleeper system, where the sleeper is only supported at the bottom and has no constraints or preload on the sleeper in the upward, left, right, forward, and backward directions, directly affects track stability. This is especially true in curved sections of the track, increasing track vibration and wheel-rail wear, directly impacting train safety and reducing the stability and safety performance of the track system.

[0003] To prevent this situation from worsening, improve the stability of the track system, ensure the safety of rail transit, and enhance vibration reduction, there is an increasing need to upgrade existing track systems.

[0004] For example, patent CN202011374015.6 discloses a method for rapid modification of elastic short sleepers. By pulling out the elastic short sleeper to be repaired, cleaning the rubber boots, applying adhesive, and injecting high-polymer elastic material between the sleeper and the sleeper pit, a stable chemical connection is formed, ensuring the sealing and rigidity between the sleeper and the track bed. Patent CN201310117539.0 adopts a construction process of replacing elastic short sleepers with improved short sleeper vibration damping fasteners. By replacing the old short sleepers one by one in stages and groups, vibration damping fasteners and grouting materials are used to improve the vibration damping performance, and the replacement is carried out without affecting the operation of the existing line. Although these existing improvement methods have improved the safety of rail transit and enhanced the vibration damping effect to a certain extent, there are still many problems, including: (1) they cannot meet the original low-rigidity vibration damping performance index, and (2) it is difficult to meet the line maintenance requirements by utilizing the limited engineering window time on the operating line. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the existing technology by providing a nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot, so as to solve the problems of poor stability, reduced vibration reduction, and on-site replacement of elastic boots in the existing technology.

[0006] The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solution: a nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot is set in the cavity between the short sleeper (5) and the sleeper base (6). The elastic boot includes a cast-in-place elastomer (1), a sealing body (2), an ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3), and an adhesive layer (4). The cast-in-place elastomer (1) is embedded in the cavity and is connected to the short sleeper (5) and the base (6) as a whole through the adhesive layer (4). The ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3) is set between the supporting base (6) and the supported short sleeper (5). The sealing body (2) isolates the ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3) and the cast-in-place elastomer (1).

[0007] Furthermore, the cast-in-place elastomer (1) is an elastomer formed by casting commercially available elastic material into the cavity and curing it. The hardness of the cured material is between Shore 20 and 90. The material selected for the cast-in-place elastomer can be a commonly used elastic material in the art, including commercially available materials that are mixed on-site with liquid elastomer matrix A and liquid curing agent B in a ratio A1 and B1 according to the material's elastic performance requirements. For example, Dow Chemical's Hyperlast LF1015 polyol and Hyperlast LF5000 isocyanate are mixed in a mass ratio A1:B1 = 3-10:1.

[0008] Furthermore, the sealing body (2) is an elastic material with a modulus not higher than that of the cast-in-place elastomer (1), and the modulus of the cast-in-place elastomer (1) is 0.1-100 N / mm². 2 .

[0009] Furthermore, the ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3) is pre-pressed between the support base (6) and the short sleeper (5) according to the designed pre-tightening force before the cast-in-place elastomer (1) is cured. The pre-tightening force of the ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3) is in the range of 0.1-30kN.

[0010] Furthermore, the ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3) is composed of an elastic damping body (3-1), a connecting layer (3-2), and a cavity (3-3), wherein,

[0011] The elastic damping body (3-1) consists of multiple elastic protrusions arranged at the bottom of the connecting layer (3-2), with cavities (3-3) between adjacent elastic protrusions. The modulus of the ultra-low stiffness elastic body (3) is in the range of 0-0.2 N / mm². 2 .

[0012] Alternatively, the ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3) can also be a low-resilience foam material. The ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3) is a composite pad composed of an elastic damping body (3-1), a connecting layer (3-2), and a cavity (3-3), wherein the cavity (3-3) is a foam cavity inherent in the low-resilience foam material. After compression on the vehicle, the connecting layer (3-2) will be compressed to a certain extent, and the cavity (3-3) will be reduced by compression, but a gap will still be generated between the bottom surface of the short sleeper (5) and the base (6). The low-resilience foam material can be EVA foam material or EPE pearl cotton material.

[0013] Furthermore, the adhesive layer (4) is a high-adhesion coating or a cast-in-place elastomer with high adhesion. The adhesive layer (4) with high adhesion is generally an epoxy resin adhesive, a polyurethane adhesive, or a high-viscosity cast-in-place elastomer.

[0014] In one step, the sealing body (2) and the ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3) are placed together between the bottom surface or the side surface of the short sleeper (5) and the base (6).

[0015] Furthermore, the gap between the bottom surface of the short sleeper (5) and the base (6) is 0-60mm, and the gap around the sides of the short sleeper (5) and the base (6) is 0-50mm.

[0016] Furthermore, after the cast-in-place elastomer (1) fills the cavity, the top surface (1-1) of the cast-in-place elastomer is continuous and seamless around the sides between the short sleeper (5) and the base (6).

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This utility model is a pre-compressed nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic shoe to solve the problems of existing elastic short sleepers during use, such as fatigue load and aging and deformation of the elastic shoe, peeling and gaps between the short sleeper, elastic shoe and track bed, resulting in short sleeper suspension, large track gauge changes, vibration reduction failure and short sleeper breakage.

[0019] The ultra-low stiffness elastomer of this invention not only solves the problem of low stiffness of the elastic shoe, but also pre-presses it with the designed pre-tightening force before the cast-in-place elastomer is cured. The cured cast-in-place elastomer not only constrains the short sleeper in the horizontal direction, but also constrains the short sleeper in the vertical direction, avoiding the problem of free vertical and horizontal movement. This improves the lateral stability and reliability and the life of its components, and also greatly improves the smoothness and comfort of train operation.

[0020] This invention combines ultra-low stiffness elastomers with cast-in-place elastomers to achieve nonlinear and multi-stiffness design of the system, meeting the actual working conditions of line loads such as low load and low stiffness and heavy load and high stiffness, for example, the requirements of normal axle load operation vehicles and maintenance engineering vehicles operating under heavy axle loads.

[0021] This utility model uses cast-in-place elastomers to not only solve the problem of non-bonded gaps in existing elastic short sleepers, but also to achieve a sealing effect on the top surface of the gaps around the short sleepers and the track bed.

[0022] This utility model uses a combination of prefabricated ultra-low stiffness elastomers and cast-in-place elastomers in different areas to achieve the vibration isolation effect of elastic short sleepers and a replacement scheme, ensuring the existing vibration reduction effect.

[0023] The materials, structure, and construction scheme of this utility model are simple, do not change the existing track bed slab and foundation design, and are easy to install, construct, and maintain. It can be efficiently constructed and modified during the engineering window period without affecting the operation of the line, thereby improving the efficiency of replacement and maintenance and reducing the operation and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 A lateral cross-section of the mid-section of the preloaded nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot track.

[0025] Figure 2 Top view of the bottom surface of a preloaded nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot;

[0026] Figure 3 Lateral cross-section of the long side of a pre-stressed nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot;

[0027] Figure 4 A lateral cross-section of the short side of a preloaded nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot;

[0028] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of an ultra-low stiffness elastic body for a pre-stressed nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot;

[0029] Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of another ultra-low stiffness elastic body for pre-compressed nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boots;

[0030] Figure 7 A top-view cross-sectional view of the layout of the cast-in-place elastomer, seal, and ultra-low stiffness elastomer on the bottom surface of the pre-stressed nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot.

[0031] Figure 8 A top-view cross-sectional view of the layout of a cast-in-place elastomer, a sealing body, and a cylindrical ultra-low stiffness elastomer on the bottom surface of an ultra-low stiffness elastic boot.

[0032] Figure 9 A top-view cross-section of a cylindrical cast-in-place elastic body layout on the bottom surface of an ultra-low stiffness elastic boot;

[0033] Figure 10 Side cross-sectional view of the layout of cast-in-place elastomer, sealing body and ultra-low stiffness elastomer on the long side of the pre-stressed nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot;

[0034] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of an existing flexible short rail sleeper boot;

[0035] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Cast-in-place elastomer, 1-1. Top surface of cast-in-place elastomer, 2. Sealing body, 3. Ultra-low stiffness elastomer, 3-1. Elastic damping body, 3-2. Connecting layer, 3-3. Cavity, 4. Bonding layer, 5. Short sleeper, 6. Base, 7. Existing elastic boot, 7-1. Outer layer of existing elastic boot, 7-2. Elastic layer of existing elastic boot. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is based on the technical solution of the present invention and provides detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1The nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic shoe shown includes a cast-in-place elastomer 1 (which can be set in multiple areas on the bottom and around the short sleeper to form a multi-zone low-stiffness compressible cast-in-place elastomer), a sealing body 2, an ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 (the maximum deformation of the ultra-low stiffness elastomer is designed according to track safety limits or nonlinear high stiffness requirements; when the deformation exceeds the high stiffness requirement, a high-stiffness elastic layer provides secondary stiffness or high stiffness, thus forming a nonlinear characteristic of the system), an adhesive layer 4, a short sleeper 5, and a base 6, wherein the short sleeper 5 and the sleeper bottom... There are gaps between the seats 6 to form cavities. For example, the gap between the bottom surface of the short sleeper 5 and the base 6 is 15-30mm, and the gap around the sides of the short sleeper 5 and the base 6 is 5-20mm. The cast-in-place elastomer 1 is made by mixing two materials and casting them into the given cavity, curing to form an elastomer, and connecting it to the short sleeper 5 and the base 6 as one unit through the adhesive layer 4. The ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 is placed between the supporting base 6 and the supported short sleeper 5. The sealing body 2 isolates the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 and the cast-in-place elastomer 1.

[0039] The cast-in-place elastomer 1 is a fast-curing elastic material composed of two materials. In this embodiment, Hyperlast LF1015 polyol and Hyperlast LF5000 isocyanate from Dow Chemical are mixed at a mass ratio of 7:1. The hardness of the cured elastic material is between Shore 50 and 70, and its fast curing time is within 3 hours, reaching more than 90% of the fixed hardness and strength.

[0040] The sealing body 2 is a precast elastic material sealing frame with the same modulus as the cast-in-place elastomer 1. In this embodiment, Dow Chemical material is selected, with a modulus of 3 MPa.

[0041] The ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 is pre-compressed with a designed pre-tightening force of 10kN before the cast-in-place elastomer 1 is cured.

[0042] The ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3, as described above Figure 5 The mattress shown is composed of an elastic damping body 3-1, a connecting layer 3-2, and a cavity 3-3. The elastic damping body 3-1 consists of multiple conical stud-shaped protrusions (i.e., discretely distributed conical studs) connected together by the connecting layer 3-2. The gaps between the conical studs form the cavity 3-3. The modulus of the ultra-low stiffness elastic body 3-1 is in the range of 0.01-0.02 N / mm². 3The ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 can be made of low-elasticity foam material, i.e., commercially available EPE pearl cotton. The function of the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 is to reduce the contact area between the short sleeper 5 and the base 6 or to provide a lower stiffness support, so that the short sleeper can have large deformation (soft structure) when the vehicle passes, thus playing a role in track vibration isolation; the bonding layer 4 is a high-adhesion cast-in-place elastomer 1; in this embodiment, Dow Chemical material is selected, and its adhesion strength is 0.11 MPa;

[0043] In use, the base 6 is semi-enclosed, with an ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 on its bottom surface. Short sleepers 5 are placed on the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3. Due to the low stiffness of the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 and the fact that its contact surface with the base 6 is a conical spike-shaped protrusion, the preload applied to the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 is controlled to 10kN by controlling the force or gap width between the short sleeper 5 and the base 6. When the vehicle passes over the short sleeper 5, the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 is compressed. Under the action of train load, the low stiffness characteristics of the elastomer are used to achieve vertical flexible buffering. At the same time, the conical spike guides the elastomer to produce directional deformation through geometric constraints (prioritizing vertical compression rather than lateral shear), thereby effectively reducing the stress concentration phenomenon inside the elastomer. By increasing the contact area, the pressure per unit area is reduced, ultimately achieving the purpose of delaying material fatigue, inhibiting non-uniform aging and creep deformation of the elastomer. Its semi-enclosed base structure further enhances the lateral stability of the sleeper system, forming a three-dimensional constraint mechanism.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the sealing body 2 and the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 are combined and placed between the bottom surfaces of the short sleeper 5 and the base 6; that is, the sealing body 2 is wrapped around the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 and placed in the gap between the bottom surfaces of the short sleeper 5 and the base 6. Then, an adhesive layer is set on the inner wall of the cavity between the side surface or other bottom surface of the short sleeper 5 and the base 6, and then the cavity is filled with a fast-curing elastic material. The cured cast-in-place elastomer not only constrains the short sleeper 5 in the horizontal direction but also in the vertical direction, avoiding the problem of free vertical and horizontal movement. After casting, the top surface 1-1 of the cast-in-place elastomer 1 is continuous and seamless around the sides of the short sleeper 5 and the base 6.

[0045] According to this embodiment, the existing elastic short sleepers suffer from fatigue loads and aging and deformation of the elastic boots during use, leading to delamination and gaps between the short sleeper, elastic boots, and track bed. This results in issues such as short sleeper suspension, large gauge variations, vibration damping failure, and short sleeper breakage. The ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 not only solves the low stiffness problem of the elastic boots but also pre-compresses the cast-in-place elastomer 1 according to the designed pre-tightening force before curing. The cured cast-in-place elastomer 1 constrains both the horizontal and vertical directions of the short sleeper 5, preventing free vertical and horizontal movement. This improves lateral stability, reliability, and component lifespan, and significantly enhances train running smoothness and comfort. The combination of ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 and cast-in-place elastomer 1 enables a nonlinear and multi-stiffness design, meeting the actual operating conditions of low-load, low-stiffness and heavy-load, high-stiffness track loads, such as the requirements of normal axle load operation for vehicles and maintenance vehicles operating under heavy axle loads. The use of cast-in-place elastomers not only solves the problem of unbonded joints in existing elastic short sleepers, but also provides a sealing effect on the top surface of the gaps around the short sleepers and the track bed. By combining prefabricated ultra-low stiffness elastomers and cast-in-place elastomers in different areas, the vibration isolation effect and replacement scheme for elastic short sleepers are achieved, ensuring the existing vibration reduction effect. This embodiment does not change the existing track bed slab and foundation design, and installation, construction, and maintenance are simple. It allows for efficient construction and renovation during engineering windows without affecting line operation, thereby improving replacement and maintenance efficiency and reducing operation and maintenance costs.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Similar to Example 1, the difference lies in that the sealing body 2 is a pre-fabricated elastic material with the same modulus as the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3; in this example, the sealing body 2 is selected with a modulus of 0.1 N / mm. 2 EPE pearl cotton material.

[0048] The ultra-low stiffness elastomer is a foamed material, and the low-elasticity foamed material creates voids between the bottom surface of the short sleeper and the base after compression on-board. The modulus of the ultra-low stiffness elastomer ranges from 0 to 0.1 N / mm². 2 In this embodiment, the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 is made of a low-elasticity foam material, namely commercially available EPE pearl cotton, with a modulus of 0.1 N / mm². 2 ;

[0049] The adhesive layer 4 is a cast-in-place elastomer with high adhesion; in this embodiment, Dow Chemical material is selected, and its adhesion strength is 0.11 MPa.

[0050] In this embodiment, Dow Chemical's EP1 and EP2 are mixed at a mass ratio of 3:1 to form cast-in-place elastomer 1.

[0051] According to this embodiment, the existing elastic short sleepers suffer from fatigue loads and aging and deformation of the elastic boots during use, leading to delamination and gaps between the short sleeper, elastic boots, and track bed. This results in issues such as short sleeper suspension, large gauge variations, vibration damping failure, and short sleeper breakage. The ultra-low stiffness elastomer not only solves the low stiffness problem of the elastic boots but also pre-compresses the cast-in-place elastomer with a designed pre-tightening force before curing. The cured cast-in-place elastomer constrains both the horizontal and vertical directions of the short sleeper, preventing free vertical and horizontal movement. This improves lateral stability, reliability, and component lifespan, significantly enhancing train running smoothness and comfort. The combination of ultra-low stiffness elastomer and cast-in-place elastomer enables nonlinear and multi-stiffness system design, meeting the actual operating conditions of low-load, low-stiffness and heavy-load, high-stiffness track conditions, such as normal axle load operation for vehicles and maintenance vehicles operating under heavy axle loads. The cast-in-place elastomer not only solves the problem of non-bonded gaps in existing elastic short sleepers but also provides a sealing effect on the top surface of the gaps around the short sleeper and track bed. This embodiment combines prefabricated ultra-low stiffness elastomers and cast-in-place elastomers in different areas to achieve vibration isolation and replacement of elastic short sleepers, ensuring the existing vibration reduction effect. This embodiment does not alter the existing track bed and foundation design, simplifying installation, construction, and maintenance. It allows for efficient construction and renovation during engineering windows without affecting line operation, thereby improving replacement and maintenance efficiency and reducing operation and maintenance costs.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] Similar to Example 1, except that the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the composite pad consists of an elastic damping body 3-1, a connecting layer 3-2, and a cavity 3-3. The elastic damping body 3-1 is an ultra-low stiffness elastomer containing a foamed cavity 3-3. The connecting layer 3-2 is an EVA elastic material used to connect the base or short sleeper. The elastic damping body 3-1 has a modulus of 0.1 N / mm². 2 The EPE pearl cotton material, with the connecting layer 3-2 selected having a modulus of 800 N / mm². 2 EVA material.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] Same as Example 2, but in addition to the above, as in Example 2, Figure 3 The sealing body 2 and the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 are combined and placed between the sides of the long side of the short sleepers 5 on both sides and the base 6.

[0056] According to this embodiment, a cast-in-place elastomer with a higher modulus and an ultra-low stiffness elastomer at the bottom and sides can be used to achieve the overall low stiffness requirement and ensure the existing vibration reduction effect.

[0057] Example 5

[0058] Based on Embodiment 3, as Figure 4 shown, the sealing body 2 and the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 are placed in combination between the sides of the short sides of the two short sleepers 5 and the base 6.

[0059] According to this embodiment, a cast-in-place elastomer with a higher modulus and ultra-low stiffness elastomers on the bottom and four sides can be used to meet the overall low stiffness requirement and ensure the existing vibration reduction effect.

[0060] Embodiment 6

[0061] Same as Embodiment 2, the difference is that the combination of the sealing body 2 and the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 placed on the bottom surfaces of the short sleeper 5 and the base 6 is arranged according to Figure 7 the shape shown. That is, the cross-section of the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 is arranged in a "king" shape. The sealing body 2 is wrapped around the outer side surface of the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 to separate it from the cast-in-place elastomer 1, and an adhesive layer is provided on one side outside the cast-in-place elastomer 1 to form a non-linear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot, which is placed in the cavity between the short sleeper 5 and the base 6.

[0062] According to this embodiment, a cast-in-place elastomer and the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 at the bottom can be used to meet the overall low stiffness requirement and ensure the existing vibration reduction effect.

[0063] Embodiment 7

[0064] Same as Embodiment 2, the difference is that the combination of the sealing body 2 and the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 placed on the bottom surfaces of the short sleeper 5 and the base 6 is arranged according to Figure 8 the shape shown. That is, the cross-section of the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 is arranged in a mesh cylinder shape. The sealing body 2 is wrapped around the outer side surface of the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 to separate it from the cast-in-place elastomer 1, and an adhesive layer is provided on one side outside the cast-in-place elastomer 1 to form a non-linear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot, which is placed in the cavity between the short sleeper 5 and the base 6.

[0065] According to this embodiment, a cast-in-place elastomer and the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 at the bottom can be used to meet the overall low stiffness requirement and ensure the existing vibration reduction effect.

[0066] Embodiment 8

[0067] Same as Embodiment 2, the difference is that the combination of the sealing body 2 and the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 placed on the bottom surfaces of the short sleeper 5 and the base 6 is arranged according to Figure 9 the shape shown. That is, the cross-section of the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 is arranged in a mesh cylinder with voids. The sealing body 2 is wrapped around the outer side surface of the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 to separate it from the cast-in-place elastomer 1, and an adhesive layer is provided on one side outside the cast-in-place elastomer 1 to form a non-linear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot, which is placed in the cavity between the short sleeper 5 and the base 6.

[0068] According to this embodiment, the overall low stiffness requirement can be achieved by using cast-in-place elastomers and bottom ultra-low stiffness elastomers 3, ensuring the existing vibration reduction effect.

[0069] Example 9

[0070] Similar to Example 5, the difference lies in the combination of the sealing body 2 and the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 placed on the long side of the short sleeper 5 and the base 6. Figure 10 The shape arrangement is as follows: the cross-section of the ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3 is in the shape of multiple independent rectangles, and a sealing body 2 is set on the side of each independent rectangular ultra-low stiffness elastomer 3. The bottom surface is bonded to the bottom surface of the base 6 through the adhesive layer 4. The outer side of the sealing body 2 is filled with cast-in-place elastomer 1, and the connection between the top surface 1-1 of the cast-in-place elastomer and the short sleeper 5 and the base 6 is controlled to be seamless.

[0071] According to this embodiment, the overall low stiffness requirement can be achieved by using cast-in-place elastomers and ultra-low stiffness elastomers 3 for the bottom and sides, thus ensuring the existing vibration reduction effect.

[0072] The preferred embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of this utility model without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of this utility model through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic shoe, disposed in the cavity between the short sleeper (5) and the sleeper base (6), characterized in that, The elastic boot includes a cast-in-place elastomer (1), a sealing body (2), an ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3), and an adhesive layer (4). The cast-in-place elastomer (1) is embedded in the cavity and is connected to the short sleeper (5) and the base (6) by the adhesive layer (4). The ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3) is disposed between the supporting base (6) and the supported short sleeper (5). The sealing body (2) isolates the ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3) and the cast-in-place elastomer (1).

2. The nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cast-in-place elastomer (1) is an elastomer formed by casting commercially available elastic material into the cavity and curing it. The hardness of the material after curing is between Shore 20 and 90.

3. The nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing body (2) is an elastic material with a modulus not higher than that of the cast-in-place elastomer (1).

4. The nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3) is pre-pressed between the support base (6) and the short sleeper (5) according to the designed pre-tightening force before the cast-in-place elastomer (1) is cured. The pre-tightening force of the ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3) is in the range of 0.1-30kN. The ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3) is composed of an elastic damping body (3-1), a connecting layer (3-2), and a cavity (3-3).

5. The nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot according to claim 4, characterized in that, The elastic damping body (3-1) consists of multiple elastic protrusions arranged at the bottom of the connecting layer (3-2), with cavities (3-3) between adjacent elastic protrusions. The modulus of the ultra-low stiffness elastic body (3) is in the range of 0-0.1 N / mm². 2 .

6. The nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot according to claim 4, characterized in that, The material of the ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3) is a low-resilience foam material. The ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3) is a composite pad composed of an elastic damping body (3-1), a connecting layer (3-2), and a cavity (3-3). The cavity (3-3) is a foam cavity inherent in the low-resilience foam material. After being compressed on the vehicle, the low-resilience foam material creates a gap between the bottom surface of the short sleeper (5) and the base (6).

7. The nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesive layer (4) is a coating with high adhesion or a cast-in-place elastomer with high adhesion.

8. The nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing body (2) and the ultra-low stiffness elastomer (3) are placed together between the bottom surface or the side surface of the short sleeper (5) and the base (6).

9. The nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gap between the bottom surface of the short sleeper (5) and the base (6) is 0-60mm, and the gap around the sides of the short sleeper (5) and the base (6) is 0-50mm.

10. The nonlinear ultra-low stiffness elastic boot according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the cast-in-place elastomer (1) fills the cavity, the top surface (1-1) of the cast-in-place elastomer is continuous and seamless around the sides between the short sleeper (5) and the base (6).

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