ETC roadside sensing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ETC roadside sensing device, and relates to the technical field of intelligent traffic systems, the roadside sensing unit comprises a master control processing unit, the master control processing unit comprises an MCU and a serial control bus, the MCU and the serial control bus are connected with each other; the W wave band sensing front-end unit is connected with the MCU through a serial control bus and is used for extracting the driving data of the current vehicle from the received W wave band and interacting the driving data with the MCU; and the ETC roadside communication front-end unit is connected with the MCU through a serial control bus and is used for realizing information acquisition and transaction of a vehicle-mounted electronic tag of a current vehicle, and the roadside sensing unit can realize high-reliability vehicle trajectory tracking and is suitable for traffic monitoring, electronic toll collection, intelligent intersections and other scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of intelligent transportation systems, and more specifically, to an ETC roadside sensing device. Background Technology

[0002] In intelligent transportation systems, ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) has been widely used, effectively improving the efficiency of toll stations. However, existing ETC roadside units have some shortcomings, such as limited accuracy in sensing vehicle information, inability to comprehensively and accurately obtain information such as vehicle location, speed, and driving status, and inability to effectively cope with emergencies such as traffic congestion and vehicle violations. Traditional sensing technologies are greatly affected by environmental conditions, with performance degrading significantly in harsh environments such as rain, fog, and dust. At the same time, existing radio frequency architecture designs have high integration but poor flexibility, making it difficult to adjust and optimize according to actual needs, and resulting in high maintenance and replacement costs when components fail. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ETC roadside sensing device that can achieve highly reliable vehicle trajectory tracking and is suitable for scenarios such as traffic monitoring, electronic toll collection, and smart intersections.

[0004] The above-mentioned technical objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] This application provides an ETC roadside sensing device, including:

[0006] The main control processing unit includes an MCU and a serial control bus, which are interconnected.

[0007] The W-band sensing front-end unit is connected to the MCU via a serial control bus. It is used to extract the current vehicle driving data from the received W-band signal and interact with the MCU with the driving data.

[0008] The ETC roadside communication front-end unit is connected to the MCU via a serial control bus to realize the information collection and transaction of the vehicle's on-board electronic tag.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0010] Furthermore, the aforementioned main control processing unit also includes a storage unit connected to the MCU and used to implement local configuration and user data storage, wherein the storage unit includes at least one of Flash, EEPROM, and SDRAM.

[0011] Furthermore, the aforementioned main control processing unit also includes: an external interface connected to the MCU and used to realize inter-device expansion and remote data transmission, the external interface including at least one of RS485 serial bus interface, RS232 serial bus interface, SFP interface, and RGMII interface.

[0012] Furthermore, the aforementioned W-band sensing front-end unit includes a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter.

[0013] Furthermore, the aforementioned sensing receiver includes a multi-channel high-speed ADC acquisition unit, a channel clock synchronizer, a frequency multiplier, a power divider, and multiple receiving branches that are interconnected. The receiving branches include a mixer, an amplifier, and a W-band antenna.

[0014] Furthermore, the mixer, amplifier, and W-band antenna are connected in sequence; the mixers of the multi-channel receiving branches are respectively connected to the power divider and the multi-channel high-speed ADC acquisition unit; the channel clock synchronizer is connected to the multi-channel high-speed ADC acquisition unit, and the multi-channel high-speed ADC acquisition unit is connected to the MCU; the frequency multiplier is connected to the power divider.

[0015] Furthermore, the aforementioned sensing transmitter includes an integrated VCO, a power divider, a frequency multiplier, a direction shifter, an amplifier, and a W-band antenna connected in sequence, with the integrated VCO connected to the MCU.

[0016] Furthermore, the aforementioned ETC roadside communication front-end unit includes a communication transmitter and a communication receiver.

[0017] Furthermore, the aforementioned communication transmitter includes, in sequence, the transmitting section of an integrated radio frequency transceiver RF, a balun converter U, a digitally controlled attenuator T, a power divider and combiner S, an amplifier P, a circulator H (downlink section), and an ETC antenna array, and also includes a power detection D for detecting the ETC antenna array; the integrated radio frequency transceiver RF is connected to the MCU.

[0018] Furthermore, the aforementioned communication receiver includes a receiving section of an integrated radio frequency transceiver RF, a bandpass filter B, an amplifier L, an uplink section of a circulator H, and an ETC antenna array connected in sequence; the integrated radio frequency transceiver RF is connected to the MCU.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The radio frequency front-end in the ETC roadside sensing unit adopts a discrete component design, which facilitates the adjustment and replacement of each component according to different application scenarios and performance requirements, thereby improving the system's flexibility and scalability. At the same time, the ETC roadside communication front-end unit can realize the information collection and transaction functions of the current vehicle-mounted ETC1.0 and ETC2.0 electronic tags, ensuring compatibility with the existing ETC system.

[0021] 2. The W-band radar unit is unaffected by environmental conditions (such as rain, dust, and smoke) and can operate in complete darkness and bright daylight (the radar is not affected by glare). It can accurately measure distance, angle, and speed, enabling vehicle position tracking, speed detection, pedestrian status detection, and perception and identification of emergencies (illegal lane changes, highway stops, traffic congestion, etc.). The radio frequency front-end in the W-band sensing front-end unit is composed of discrete components, which is more flexible and suitable for the design of higher frequency sensing units. This design facilitates the adjustment and replacement of components according to different application scenarios and performance requirements. Existing radio frequency architecture designs have high integration but poor flexibility, making it difficult to adjust and optimize according to actual needs. The repair and replacement costs are high when components fail. This discrete design is unique and innovative. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the overall connection of the ETC roadside sensing unit in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the W-band sensing front-end unit in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clock synchronization circuit in the W-band sensing front-end unit of this utility model embodiment;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the ETC roadside communication front-end unit in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0027] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:

[0028] 1. ETC roadside communication front-end unit; 2. Main control processing unit; 3. W-band sensing front-end unit; 4. Sensing transmitter; 5. Sensing receiver. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0030] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", and "outer" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the utility model product is usually placed in during use, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0033] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] Example: Traditional sensing technologies are greatly affected by environmental conditions, with performance significantly degrading in harsh environments such as rain, fog, and dust. Furthermore, existing RF architectures, while highly integrated, lack flexibility, making them difficult to adjust and optimize according to actual needs, and resulting in high repair and replacement costs when components fail. Therefore, this patent designs an ETC roadside unit and a W-band sensing front-end unit 3 to achieve high-precision vehicle information sensing for the ETC roadside unit. The RF front-end is constructed using discrete RF components, improving system performance, stability, and flexibility. The high-precision identity information provided by ETC complements the continuous motion sensing of the sensing unit, achieving highly reliable vehicle trajectory tracking. This is suitable for scenarios such as traffic monitoring, electronic toll collection, and smart intersections. In actual deployment, the matching threshold and tracking algorithm parameters can be adjusted according to the scenario, and continuously optimized through measured data. Figure 1 As shown, the ETC roadside sensing unit provided in this embodiment includes:

[0037] Main control processing unit 2 includes an MCU and a serial control bus, which are interconnected.

[0038] The main control processing unit 2 further includes: a storage unit connected to the MCU for implementing local configuration and user data storage; the main control processing unit 2 further includes: an external interface connected to the MCU for implementing inter-device expansion and remote data transmission; specifically, the external interface includes at least one of RS485 serial bus interface, RS232 serial bus interface, SFP interface, and RGMII interface; the storage unit includes at least one of Flash, EEPROM, and SDRAM.

[0039] Furthermore, the ETC roadside sensing unit provided in this embodiment also includes:

[0040] W-band sensing front-end unit 3 is connected to MCU via a serial control bus. It is used to extract the current vehicle driving data from the received W-band signal and interact with the MCU with the driving data.

[0041] Among them, the W-band sensing front-end unit 3 mainly realizes the W-band sensing function, extracts basic data such as the current vehicle position, speed, size, and motion trajectory, and interacts with the MCU through the serial bus; the W-band sensing front-end unit 3 includes a sensing receiver 5 and a sensing transmitter 4.

[0042] Optionally, the aforementioned sensing receiver 5 includes a multi-channel high-speed ADC acquisition unit that is interconnected. Figure 1 and Figure 4 The components include an ADC acquisition unit, a channel clock synchronizer, a frequency multiplier, a power divider, and multiple receiver branches, which include a mixer, an amplifier, and a W-band antenna.

[0043] Specifically, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The mixer, amplifier, and W-band antenna are connected in sequence; the mixers of the multi-channel receiving branches are respectively connected to the power divider and the multi-channel high-speed ADC acquisition unit; the channel clock synchronizer is connected to the multi-channel high-speed ADC acquisition unit, and the multi-channel high-speed ADC acquisition unit is connected to the MCU; the frequency multiplier is connected to the power divider.

[0044] Optionally, the aforementioned sensing transmitter 4 includes an integrated VCO, a power divider, a frequency multiplier, a direction shifter, an amplifier, and a W-band antenna connected in sequence, with the integrated VCO connected to the MCU.

[0045] Specifically, the W-band sensing front-end unit 3 mainly performs preprocessing of W-band sensing data, including digital down-conversion, range FFT (one-dimensional processing), constant false alarm rate detection (CFAR), and MIMO decoupling processing. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 2 The transmitting section outputs a W-band frequency signal; linear frequency modulation is achieved by controlling a highly integrated VCO voltage-controlled oscillator to output a low-frequency local oscillator signal LO. LO is divided into two equal-amplitude and equal-phase signals, LO1 for transmission and LO2 for reception, by a 1-to-2 power divider. This signal is multiplied by an n-fold frequency multiplier at the transmitting end to generate a W-band signal W1. The final stage power amplifier PA amplifies the W-band signal and transmits it to the transmitting antenna.

[0046] The receiving section receives the returned W-band signal via a receiving antenna, amplifies the small signal using a low-noise amplifier (LNA), and then transmits it to the receiving mixer M. The receiving mixer M divides the frequency-multiplied signal W2 from the received local oscillator LO2, outputting multiple W-band equal-amplitude and equal-phase signals. These signals are then mixed with the amplified received signal to output demodulated intermediate frequency (IF) signals F1–Fn. A high-precision ADC component samples each of the IF signals F1–Fn to achieve digital down-conversion (DDC).

[0047] The transmitting section uses serial control bus methods including parallel I / O, SPI serial bus, UART bus, IIC bus, etc.; the receiving section receives data and exchanges data with the MCU via SRIO or PCIe (preferably 4x SRIO Gen2 up to 20Gbps).

[0048] It should be noted that the sensing receiver 5 uses a high-speed ADC data acquisition unit for multi-channel synchronous data sampling, and a clock synchronization circuit is designed to synchronously sample n channels and perform data analysis; see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3A multi-channel synchronous clock jitter attenuator K is selected to realize multi-channel clock output and synchronization function. K outputs multiple low-jitter differential clocks to the ADC acquisition unit. The DCLK clock output of the ADC acquisition unit can be configured to support signal standards such as CML, LVDS, LVPECL and LVCMOS (LVPECL output is preferred). The delay of each channel can be programmed.

[0049] When the ADC acquisition unit is synchronized, it must be done with the same frequency division factor (default is 1 division). At the same time, the provided synchronization signal SYNC must meet the timing requirements of the device's own SYNC signal input. The low-frequency active crystal XTAL is a high-precision wide-temperature active crystal, and the power supply is a low-noise LDO. The clock signal line CLK is designed with impedance control (100Ω). At the same time, the three sets of clock traces must be of equal length to ensure that the phases of the three sets of clocks are consistent.

[0050] In particular, when laying out the PCB, care should be taken to ensure that the K chip is not placed too close to the ADC acquisition unit to avoid the clock signal interfering with the normal operation of the ADC, and also to avoid the interference generated by the ADC during operation affecting the K chip and causing the clock signal quality to deteriorate.

[0051] Specifically, since the W-band radar unit is unaffected by environmental conditions (such as rain, dust, and smoke), it can operate in complete darkness and bright daylight (where the radar is unaffected by glare). Therefore, it can accurately measure distance, angle, and speed, enabling vehicle position tracking, speed detection, pedestrian status detection, and perception and identification of emergencies (such as illegal lane changes, highway parking, and road congestion). Meanwhile, the radio frequency front-end in the W-band sensing front-end unit 3 is constructed using discrete components, offering greater flexibility and suitability for higher frequency sensing unit designs. This design facilitates the adjustment and replacement of components according to different application scenarios and performance requirements. Existing radio frequency architecture designs have high integration but poor flexibility, making it difficult to adjust and optimize according to actual needs. Furthermore, the cost of repair and replacement is high when components fail. This discrete design is unique and innovative.

[0052] Furthermore, the ETC roadside sensing unit provided in this embodiment also includes:

[0053] ETC Roadside Communication Front-End Unit 1 is connected to the MCU via a serial control bus to realize the information collection and transaction of the vehicle's on-board electronic tag.

[0054] The ETC roadside communication front-end unit 1 mainly realizes the ETC communication function, that is, to realize the information collection and transaction function of the current vehicle-mounted ETC1.0 and ETC2.0 electronic tags; this function can also be used as the sensing function of vehicle tag information, which is used by the main control to collect multi-source sensing information in real time and allocate communication resources; the above-mentioned ETC roadside communication front-end unit 1 includes a communication transmitter and a communication receiver.

[0055] Optionally, the aforementioned communication transmitter includes a transmitting section of an integrated radio frequency transceiver RF and a balun converter U connected in sequence. Figure 1 and Figure 4 The balun in the middle), the numerically controlled attenuator T ( Figure 1 and Figure 4 ATT), power combiner S (in the middle) Figure 1 and Figure 4 The components include the SR, amplifier P, circulator H downlink section, and ETC antenna array, as well as the power detection D for detecting the ETC antenna array. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 and Figure 4 It integrates an RF transceiver that connects to the MCU.

[0056] Optionally, the above-mentioned communication receiver includes a receiving section of an integrated radio frequency transceiver RF and a bandpass filter B connected in sequence. Figure 1 and Figure 4 B in the middle), amplifier L ( Figure 1 and Figure 4 The components include L1 and L2, the uplink section of the circulator H, and the ETC antenna array; the integrated RF transceiver connects to the MCU.

[0057] Specifically, the ETC roadside communication front-end unit 1 includes a serial interface and logic processing. It achieves data communication and basic control logic processing with the data decoding clock synchronization unit through a serial data interface unit; and interacts with the MCU processor unit through common communication methods such as SPI / UART / TCP / UDP. See the connection diagram below. Figure 1 and Figure 4 , Figure 4 The functions of each component are as follows:

[0058] RF transceiver: mainly implements the demodulation function of 5.8G RF signal and the conversion of RF signal to baseband signal; in transmit mode, it modulates the baseband signal into RF signal; in receive mode, it demodulates the 5.8G RF signal into baseband signal; it is not limited and a highly integrated RF transceiver with codec can also be selected.

[0059] Balun converter U: Converts the RF differential signal output from the RF transceiver into a single-ended signal.

[0060] ATT digitally controlled attenuator T: meets the signal input requirements of the power combining amplifier circuit P.

[0061] Bandpass filter B: In the RF transmission path, it is mainly used to reduce noise and filter out stray losses.

[0062] Power amplifier P: Amplifies the transmitted radio frequency signal to a sufficient level.

[0063] RF coupler: Couples the amplified signal at the transmitter end, enabling real-time power monitoring via power detection D.

[0064] Forward power detection (D): Determines the power of the output signal. Primarily used to detect the power amplifier's output signal power, it can also serve as the signal input for an external local oscillator, used to mix with the received RF signal to generate a zero-IF signal.

[0065] Amplifier L: Extremely low noise figure, employing two-stage LNA to amplify small signals, improving the quality of received signals and demodulation sensitivity.

[0066] Circulator H: It isolates the transmit and receive channels and protects the receiver from damage to sensitive components of the receiver link caused by high-power reflected signals from the transmitter.

[0067] Resistor R: Resistor R is used for conjugate matching of the coupler load impedance and source impedance to obtain maximum power output.

[0068] In this embodiment, the radio frequency front-end in the ETC roadside sensing unit adopts a discrete component design, which facilitates the adjustment and replacement of each component according to different application scenarios and performance requirements, thereby improving the system's flexibility and scalability. At the same time, the ETC roadside communication front-end unit 1 can realize the information collection and transaction functions of the current vehicle-mounted ETC1.0 and ETC2.0 electronic tags, ensuring compatibility with the existing ETC system.

[0069] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. An ETC roadside sensing device, characterized in that, include: The main control processing unit includes an MCU and a serial control bus, and the MCU and the serial control bus are interconnected. The W-band sensing front-end unit is connected to the MCU via the serial control bus. It is used to extract the current vehicle driving data from the received W-band signal and interact with the MCU with the driving data. The ETC roadside communication front-end unit is connected to the MCU through the serial control bus and is used to realize the information collection and transaction of the vehicle's on-board electronic tag.

2. The ETC roadside sensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control processing unit further includes a storage unit connected to the MCU and used to implement local configuration and user data storage, wherein the storage unit includes at least one of Flash, EEPROM, and SDRAM.

3. The ETC roadside sensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control processing unit further includes an external interface connected to the MCU and used to realize inter-device expansion and remote data transmission. The external interface includes at least one of RS485 serial bus interface, RS232 serial bus interface, SFP interface, and RGMII interface.

4. An ETC roadside sensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The W-band sensing front-end unit includes a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter.

5. An ETC roadside sensing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sensing receiver includes a multi-channel high-speed ADC acquisition unit, a channel clock synchronizer, a frequency multiplier, a power divider, and multiple receiving branches that are interconnected. The receiving branches include a mixer, an amplifier, and a W-band antenna.

6. An ETC roadside sensing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mixer, amplifier, and W-band antenna are connected in sequence; the mixers of the multiple receiving branches are respectively connected to the power divider and the multi-channel high-speed ADC acquisition unit; the channel clock synchronizer is connected to the multi-channel high-speed ADC acquisition unit, and the multi-channel high-speed ADC acquisition unit is connected to the MCU; the frequency multiplier is connected to the power divider.

7. An ETC roadside sensing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sensing transmitter includes an integrated VCO, a power divider, a frequency multiplier, a direction shifter, an amplifier, and a W-band antenna connected in sequence, and the integrated VCO is connected to the MCU.

8. An ETC roadside sensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ETC roadside communication front-end unit includes a communication transmitter and a communication receiver.

9. An ETC roadside sensing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The communication transmitter includes, in sequence, an integrated radio frequency transceiver RF transmitting section, a balun converter U, a digitally controlled attenuator T, a power divider and combiner S, an amplifier P, a circulator H downlink section, and an ETC antenna array, and also includes a power detection D for detecting the ETC antenna array; the integrated radio frequency transceiver RF is connected to the MCU.

10. An ETC roadside sensing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The communication receiver includes a receiving section of an integrated radio frequency transceiver RF, a bandpass filter B, an amplifier L, an uplink section of a circulator H, and an ETC antenna array, which are connected in sequence; the integrated radio frequency transceiver RF is connected to the MCU.

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