Ultrafine grinding device for insert bearing

Abstract

The utility model provides an insert bearing superfinishing grinding device which comprises a base, a workpiece rotating supporting mechanism and an oilstone swing mechanism are arranged on the base, the workpiece rotating supporting mechanism comprises a workpiece rotating main shaft and a centering shaft which are coaxially arranged in the horizontal direction, a magnetic attraction positioning disc is arranged at the end of the workpiece rotating main shaft, and the centering shaft can move in the axial direction. The oilstone swinging mechanism comprises an oilstone swinging rotating shaft perpendicular to the workpiece rotating main shaft, an oilstone frame is installed at the end of the oilstone swinging rotating shaft, oilstone is assembled on the side, close to the workpiece rotating main shaft, of the oilstone frame, and an extension line, extending downwards, of the lower end of the oilstone and an axial extension line of the oilstone swinging rotating shaft intersect at a point O; and the O point is positioned below the outer arc surface of the workpiece and on the central line of the longitudinal section. The device has better workpiece positioning and rotating stability, the oilstone swing head is reasonable in structural design, the path of the arc above the lower end face of the oilstone moves in the axial direction of the workpiece, and ultra-precision grinding of the outer circumferential face of the outer spherical bearing can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of bearing processing equipment, specifically relating to an ultra-precision grinding device and grinding method for spherical bearings. Background Technology

[0002] In modern machining, ultra-precision grinding is a widely used processing method for precision parts, effectively refining surface roughness, improving surface physical and mechanical properties, and extending component lifespan. Specifically, ultra-precision grinding refers to the application of fine-grained abrasives, such as oilstones, to the workpiece under good cooling and lubrication conditions. A small pressure is applied, and the workpiece surface is ground using rapid, short, reciprocating oscillations perpendicular to its rotation. This reduces surface roughness and waviness. Currently, conventional ultra-precision grinding equipment is only suitable for flat, uniform-diameter outer circumferential surfaces of shafts. For outer circumferential surfaces with linearly varying diameters, such as a spherical bearing with an arcuate surface along its axial length (its outer circumferential surface has a drum-shaped structure), existing ultra-precision grinding equipment cannot achieve ultra-precision grinding. Typically, only profiled grinding wheels can be used for grinding. However, the precision of grinding is far lower than that of ultra-precision grinding, making it unsuitable for components requiring high precision and long service life. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a device for ultra-precision grinding of the outer circumferential surface of external spherical bearings. To solve the aforementioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0004] An ultra-precision grinding device for spherical bearings includes a base, on which a workpiece rotation support mechanism and an oilstone oscillation mechanism are mounted. The workpiece rotation support mechanism includes a workpiece rotating spindle and a centering shaft coaxially arranged in the horizontal direction. A magnetic positioning plate is provided at the end of the workpiece rotating spindle facing the centering shaft. The workpiece rotating spindle is driven to rotate by a servo motor mounted on the base, and the workpiece centering shaft can move axially. The oilstone oscillation mechanism includes an oilstone oscillation shaft perpendicular to the workpiece rotating spindle in the horizontal direction. The oilstone oscillation shaft can reciprocate axially. An oilstone swing head is installed at one end of the rotating shaft facing the workpiece rotating spindle. The oilstone swing head includes an oilstone frame fixedly installed at the output end of the oilstone swing shaft. The oilstone frame has an oilstone box on the side close to the workpiece rotating spindle. An oilstone is assembled in the oilstone box along the vertical direction. The extension line of the lower end of the oilstone extends downward and intersects the axial extension line of the oilstone swing shaft at point O. During ultra-precision grinding, the workpiece to be processed is attracted to the magnetic positioning plate. Point O is located below the outer arc surface of the workpiece and on the center line of its longitudinal section. The lower end face of the oilstone is attached to the outer arc surface of the workpiece.

[0005] Preferably, the workpiece rotating spindle is assembled in a spindle box, which is fixedly mounted on the base, and a servo motor drives the workpiece rotating spindle to rotate via a multi-ribbed belt.

[0006] Preferably, the centering shaft is assembled in a centering shaft box, which is fixedly mounted on the base. The centering shaft box is equipped with a cylinder that drives the centering shaft to move axially.

[0007] Furthermore, the end of the centering shaft facing the workpiece rotation spindle has a wedge-shaped structure.

[0008] Preferably, the centering shaft has an oil injection port near its end.

[0009] Preferably, the oilstone frame is equipped with an oilstone pressure rod and a hydraulic valve, and the oilstone pressure rod applies stable pressure to the oilstone through the hydraulic valve.

[0010] Furthermore, the oilstone box has an oilstone assembly through hole along the vertical direction, and the oilstone is assembled in the oilstone assembly through hole. A press-fit steel ball spring plunger is provided on the side wall of the oilstone assembly through hole.

[0011] Preferably, the swing shaft of the oilstone is equipped with a rocker arm, and the outer end of the rocker arm is connected to a transmission rod by a hinge. The other end of the transmission rod is eccentrically connected to a transmission disk. The transmission disk is driven to rotate by a servo motor mounted on the base. When the transmission disk rotates, it drives the swing shaft of the oilstone to reciprocate within a certain angle range through the transmission rod and the rocker arm.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0013] 1. The workpiece rotation support mechanism uses a magnetic positioning plate and a centering shaft for better workpiece positioning and rotation stability. It is suitable for rotating support of shafts with short shaft length, large shaft diameter, and curved outer circumference in the length direction.

[0014] 2. The swing head structure of the oilstone is reasonably designed. When the swing shaft of the oilstone reciprocates, the oilstone swings around point O as the center. At the same time, the oilstone is above point O, and the lower end face of the oilstone runs along the axial direction of the workpiece along the path of the arc above. With the stable pressure applied by the oilstone pressure rod, it can realize the ultra-precision grinding of the outer circumferential surface of the rotating outer spherical bearing, which solves the problem that the existing ultra-precision grinding device cannot perform ultra-precision grinding on the outer circumferential surface with curvature along the axial direction. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 : Main view of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 : Main view of the workpiece rotation support mechanism in this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 : Side view of the swing mechanism of the oilstone in this utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the swing path of the oilstone oscillating head in this utility model.

[0019] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the swing shaft transmission structure of the oilstone in this utility model.

[0020] In each figure: 1. Base; 2. Workpiece rotation support mechanism; 21. Workpiece rotation spindle; 22. Centering shaft; 23. Magnetic positioning plate; 24. Servo motor one; 25. Spindle box; 26. Centering shaft box; 27. Cylinder; 28. Lubricating oil injection port; 3. Oilstone swing mechanism; 31. Oilstone swing shaft; 311. Rocker arm; 312. Transmission rod; 313. Transmission plate; 314. Servo motor two; 32. Oilstone swing head; 33. Oilstone frame; 34. Oilstone box; 341. Oilstone assembly through hole; 342. Press-fit steel ball spring plunger; 35. Oilstone; 36. Intersection O; 37. Oilstone pressure rod; 38. Hydraulic valve; 4. Workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To better understand this utility model, a clearer and more complete description is provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The listed embodiments are preferred forms of this utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this utility model. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of implementation of this utility model.

[0022] This utility model provides an ultra-precision grinding device for spherical bearings, referring to... Figures 1 to 3As shown, the system includes a base 1, on which a workpiece rotation support mechanism 2 and an oilstone swing mechanism 3 are mounted. The workpiece rotation support mechanism 2 includes a workpiece rotation spindle 21 and a centering shaft 22 arranged coaxially in the horizontal direction. The end of the workpiece rotation spindle 21 facing the centering shaft 22 is provided with a magnetic positioning disk 23. The workpiece rotation spindle 23 is driven to rotate by a servo motor 24 mounted on the base 1. In order to protect the workpiece rotation spindle 21 from dust and oil, in specific applications, the workpiece rotation spindle 21 is assembled in a spindle box 25, which is fixedly mounted on the base 1. The servo motor 24 drives the workpiece rotation spindle 21 to rotate via a multi-ribbed belt. The centering shaft 22 can move axially. Its function is to center and position the workpiece 4 and ensure that the workpiece 4 will not be thrown out of the equipment when rotating. The centering shaft 22 only moves axially and does not rotate itself. In specific applications, the centering shaft 22 is assembled in a centering shaft box 26, which is fixedly installed on the base 1. The centering shaft box 26 is equipped with a cylinder 27 that drives the centering shaft 22 to move axially. When the workpiece is loaded to the station between the magnetic positioning plate 23 and the centering shaft 22, the centering shaft 22 moves and inserts into the inner hole of the workpiece, so that the workpiece is axially aligned with the workpiece rotating spindle 21. The magnetic positioning plate 23 magnetically attracts the workpiece through the power supply equipment. The outer diameter of the centering shaft 22 matches the inner hole of the workpiece. For easier insertion, the end of the centering shaft 22 facing the workpiece rotating spindle 21 is preferably wedge-shaped. When the workpiece rotating spindle 21 drives the workpiece to rotate through the magnetic positioning disk 23, relative friction may occur between the inner hole of the workpiece and the outer diameter of the centering shaft 22. In order to reduce friction, the end of the centering shaft 22 can be made of ceramic material. At the same time, an oil spray nozzle 28 can be set near the end of the centering shaft 22 to spray oil intermittently for lubrication when the workpiece rotates. The oilstone oscillation mechanism 3 includes an oilstone oscillation shaft 31 perpendicular to the workpiece rotation spindle 21 in the horizontal direction. The oilstone oscillation shaft 31 can reciprocate axially. An oilstone oscillation head 32 is installed at one end of the oilstone oscillation shaft 31 facing the workpiece rotation spindle 21. The oilstone oscillation head 32 includes an oilstone frame 33 fixedly installed at the output end of the oilstone oscillation shaft 31. An oilstone box 34 is provided on the side of the oilstone frame 33 near the workpiece rotation spindle 21. An oilstone 35 is assembled vertically inside the oilstone box 34. The downward extension line of the lower end of the oilstone 35 intersects the axial extension line of the oilstone oscillation shaft 31 at point O36. During ultra-precision grinding, the workpiece 4 to be processed is adsorbed onto the magnetic positioning plate 23. The intersection point O36 is located below the outer arc surface of the workpiece and on the centerline of its longitudinal section. The lower end face of the oilstone 35 is in contact with the outer arc surface of the workpiece. (Refer to...) Figure 4As shown, when the swing shaft 31 of the oilstone reciprocates, the oilstone 35 swings around point O 36. Since point O 36 is located below the oilstone 35, the lower end face of the oilstone 35 will run along the axial direction of the workpiece along the path of the upper arc. When the oilstone 35 is subjected to a stable downward pressure, the lower end of the oilstone 35 will reciprocate along the axial direction of the outer circumference of the workpiece. Theoretically, when the point O36 around which the oilstone 35 runs coincides with the arc-shaped point on the longitudinal section of the outer arc surface, the running trajectory of the lower end face of the oilstone 35 along the workpiece axis best matches the shape of the outer arc surface. However, in practical applications, the point on the outer arc surface of the outer spherical bearing is not easy to determine, making it difficult to achieve complete coincidence of the two centers. As long as point O is located below the outer arc surface, the arc-shaped trajectory of the lower end face of the oilstone 35 is close to the axial section shape of the outer arc surface. At the same time, the oilstone 35 will be subjected to a certain downward pressure. The lower end face of the oilstone 35 is initially a plane. After a period of grinding, it will form a shape that matches the outer arc surface of the bearing when it is subjected to pressure on its running trajectory. In a preferred embodiment, the oilstone frame 33 is provided with an oilstone pressure rod 37 and a hydraulic valve 38. The oilstone pressure rod 37 applies stable pressure to the oilstone 35 at low oil pressure through the hydraulic valve 38. The hydraulic valve 38 achieves stable pressure control at low oil pressure through a combination of pressure reducing valve, one-way throttle valve and solenoid valve, which is a mature existing technology in this field. Its specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail.

[0023] In order to allow the oilstone 35 to move up and down within the oilstone box 34 without sliding down, in a preferred embodiment, refer to Figure 3 As shown, an oilstone assembly through hole 341 is provided vertically inside the oilstone box 34. The oilstone 35 is assembled in the oilstone assembly through hole 341. A press-fit steel ball spring plunger 342 is provided on the side wall of the oilstone assembly through hole 341. One end of the steel ball of the press-fit steel ball spring plunger 342 faces the oilstone 35. When the oilstone 35 is installed, the steel ball is pressed in. Under the action of the spring, the steel ball holds the oilstone 35 and prevents the oilstone 35 from sliding down under the action of gravity. When the lower end of the oilstone 35 is ground and shortened, the oilstone 35 can move down normally under the pressure of the oilstone pressure rod 37.

[0024] The oilstone swing shaft 31 performs reciprocating rotational motion, which can be driven by a reciprocating rotary motor. To achieve more precise control of the swing angle range, in a preferred embodiment, refer to... Figure 5As shown, the oilstone oscillating shaft 31 is equipped with a rocker arm 311. The outer end of the rocker arm 311 is connected to a transmission rod 312 via a hinge. The other end of the transmission rod 312 is eccentrically connected to a transmission disk 313. The transmission disk 313 is driven to rotate by a servo motor 314 mounted on the base 1. When the transmission disk 313 rotates, it drives the oilstone oscillating shaft 31 to reciprocate within a certain angle range through the transmission rod 312 and the rocker arm 311. In specific applications, according to the specifications of the spherical bearing being processed, a matching rocker arm 311 and transmission rod 312 are selected, and the servo motor 314 rotates, causing the oilstone oscillating shaft 31 to oscillate within a certain angle range.

[0025] The working process of the device is as follows: 1. The feeding mechanism conveys the workpiece to the station between the magnetic positioning plate 23 and the centering shaft 22. The centering shaft 22 moves toward the magnetic positioning plate 23, and the end of the centering shaft 22 is inserted into the inner hole of the workpiece, so that the workpiece 4 is axially aligned with the workpiece rotating spindle 21. The magnetic positioning plate 23 is energized to generate magnetic force to hold the workpiece. The servo motor 24 drives the workpiece rotating spindle 21 to drive the workpiece to rotate through the magnetic positioning plate 23; 2. The hydraulic valve 38 gently presses the oilstone 35 downward through the oilstone pressure rod 37, so that the lower surface of the oilstone 35 presses against the upper surface of the outer circumference of the workpiece. Surface; 3. The swing shaft 31 of the oilstone begins to rotate back and forth, driving the oilstone 35 to swing back and forth around point O 36 through the oilstone frame 33. The lower surface of the oilstone 35 grinds the outer circumference of the workpiece; 4. When the oilstone just starts grinding, take 4 to 5 workpieces 4 for trial grinding, and modify the lower surface of the oilstone 35 into a shape that is compatible with the arc-shaped surface of the outer circumference of the workpiece 4 along the axial direction in terms of its pressure state and movement trajectory; 5. The ultra-precision grinding operation officially begins. Repeat steps 1 to 3. After the oilstone 35 is consumed, replace the oilstone 35 and repeat steps 1 to 4.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this ultra-precision grinding device are as follows: 1. The workpiece rotation support mechanism 2 uses a magnetic positioning disk 23 and a centering shaft 22 for better workpiece positioning and rotation stability, making it suitable for rotating shafts with short shaft lengths, large shaft diameters, and curved outer circumferential surfaces along their length. 2. The oilstone swing head 32 has a reasonable structural design. When the oilstone swing shaft 31 reciprocates, the oilstone 35 swings around point O 36 as its center. Simultaneously, the oilstone 35 is positioned above point O 36, and the lower end face of the oilstone 35 runs along the axial direction of the workpiece 4 along the path of the arc. Combined with the stable pressure applied by the oilstone pressure rod 36, ultra-precision grinding of the outer circumferential surface of the rotating spherical bearing can be achieved, solving the problem that existing ultra-precision grinding devices cannot perform ultra-precision grinding on outer circumferential surfaces with axial curvature.

[0027] In summary, the ultra-precision grinding device for spherical bearings provided by this utility model effectively solves the problem that existing technologies cannot grind the outer circumferential surface of shaft components with an arc shape along the axial direction, and has high utilization value and application significance.

[0028] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A super-precision grinding device for spherical bearings, comprising a base (1), wherein the base (1) is provided with a workpiece rotation support mechanism (2) and an oilstone swing mechanism (3), characterized in that: The workpiece rotation support mechanism (2) includes a workpiece rotation spindle (21) and a centering shaft (22) coaxially arranged in the horizontal direction. A magnetic positioning disk (23) is provided at one end of the workpiece rotation spindle (21) facing the centering shaft (22). The workpiece rotation spindle (21) is driven to rotate by a servo motor (24) mounted on the base (1). The workpiece centering shaft (22) can move axially. The oilstone swing mechanism (3) includes an oilstone swing shaft (31) perpendicular to the workpiece rotation spindle (21) in the horizontal direction. The oilstone swing shaft (31) can reciprocate axially. An oilstone is installed at one end of the oilstone swing shaft (31) facing the workpiece rotation spindle (21). The swing head (32) includes an oilstone frame (33) fixedly installed at the output end of the oilstone swing shaft (31). The oilstone frame (33) has an oilstone box (34) on the side near the workpiece rotating spindle (21). An oilstone (35) is assembled in the oilstone box (34) along the vertical direction. The extension line of the lower end of the oilstone (35) extends downward and intersects the axial extension line of the oilstone swing shaft (31) at point O (36). During ultra-precision grinding, the workpiece to be processed is adsorbed on the magnetic positioning plate (23). Point O (36) is located below the outer arc surface of the workpiece and on the center line of its longitudinal section. The lower end face of the oilstone (35) is attached to the outer arc surface of the workpiece.

2. The ultra-precision grinding device for outer spherical bearings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece rotating spindle (21) is assembled in a spindle box (25), which is fixedly installed on the base (1). The servo motor (24) drives the workpiece rotating spindle (21) to rotate through a multi-ribbed belt.

3. The ultra-precision grinding device for outer spherical bearings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The centering shaft (22) is assembled in a centering shaft box (26), which is fixedly installed on the base (1). The centering shaft box (26) is provided with a cylinder (27) that drives the centering shaft (22) to move axially.

4. The ultra-precision grinding device for outer spherical bearings as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The centering shaft (22) has a wedge-shaped structure at its end facing the workpiece rotation spindle (21).

5. The ultra-precision grinding device for outer spherical bearings as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The centering shaft (22) has an oil injection port (28) near its end.

6. The ultra-precision grinding device for outer spherical bearings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The oilstone frame (33) is equipped with an oilstone pressure rod (37) and a hydraulic valve (38). The oilstone pressure rod (37) applies stable pressure to the oilstone (35) through the hydraulic valve (38).

7. The ultra-precision grinding device for outer spherical bearings as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The oilstone box (34) has an oilstone assembly through hole (341) in the vertical direction. The oilstone (35) is assembled in the oilstone assembly through hole (341). A press-fit steel ball spring plunger (342) is provided on the side wall of the oilstone assembly through hole (341).

8. The ultra-precision grinding device for outer spherical bearings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The oilstone swing shaft (31) is provided with a rocker arm (311). The outer end of the rocker arm (311) is connected to a transmission rod (312) by a hinge. The other end of the transmission rod (312) is eccentrically connected to a transmission disk (313). The transmission disk (313) is driven to rotate by a servo motor (314) set on the base (1). When the transmission disk (313) rotates, it drives the oilstone swing shaft (31) to reciprocate within a certain angle range through the transmission rod (312) and the rocker arm (311).

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